RU112572U1 - STREET LIGHTING CONTROL AND MANAGEMENT SYSTEM - Google Patents

Abstract

1. A system for monitoring and controlling street lighting by creating temporary zones dynamically changing over the area on lighting objects, containing control units for lighting the area, including means for controlling and coordinating illumination and connected with each other and light sources through two-way communication, characterized in that the blocks control units are integrated into a single information and computing wireless network with a control center, which serves for transmission, collection, processing, analysis and storage of information, and include the main nodes, functionally connected to each other and the control center, while the main node contains equipment on supports of light sources, including subsystems: control, two-way communication, object monitoring, power supply, monitoring the performance of the node equipment and emergency operation of the node. ! 2. The system according to claim 1, characterized in that to correlate the illumination of the main nodes, it contains auxiliary nodes having equipment for two-way exchange of information among themselves, the main nodes and the control center, and equipment for monitoring the object. ! 3. The system according to claim 1, characterized in that in order to provide two-way communication of the main nodes with the control center in remote areas exceeding the communication coverage area, it additionally contains intermediate nodes containing equipment for providing two-way communication with each other, the main nodes, auxiliary nodes, and CU. ! 4. The system according to claims 1-3, characterized in that some of the nodes are equipped with equipment for measuring natural illumination. ! 5. The system according to claim 1, characterized in that the auxiliary equipment and / or �

Description

The utility model relates to the field of instrumentation and computer technology and can be used in devices for automatic monitoring and control of street lighting.

The closest technical solution adopted for the prototype is a control device, system and method for public lighting, comprising a control unit operably connected to control a light source in a lighting system for an area formed by at least two sections. In this case, the control unit comprises means for monitoring the section, means for coordinating the lighting process associated with it through two-way communication. The lighting control system of the area, which is formed by two or more sections with a light source on each of them, and a control unit functionally connected to each light source, in which the control unit is configured to coordinate the lighting process through two-way communication between the nearest sections (see application No. 2009113544, IPC Н05В 37/02, September 11, 2007, published on October 20, 2010).

The known solution has the following disadvantages:

1. The lack of information and computer network, hereinafter referred to as IVS, in connection with this:

- only adjacent luminaires (sections) are connected with the lamp (section), with the possibility of coordinating the lighting process through two-way communication between the nearest sections, i.e. transmission by a chain of commands from the current section further than the nearest sections is not provided, respectively, there is no transmission of information about the state of the monitored zone of the current section to sections separated by more than one, which does not allow coordinating the illumination process between several sections at the same time, including close to lying, i.e. there is no branched unified network and transmission of commands along the chain if it is necessary to increase the illumination zone, but there are only autonomous groups of several sections.

Thus, the connection between the sections is needed only to ensure the coordination of the lighting process, and in our case, the sections (we introduce the term - nodes) are connected not only to coordinate the lighting process, but also to organize a single IVS, in addition, part of the nodes (sections) is used generally only for the organization of a unified ITT and does not contain light sources;

- in the event of failure of even one section, there will be a violation of interaction with an adjacent section or group of sections and, consequently, a violation of measures to ensure lighting in the area of interconnected sections. In practice, in the best case, this will be reflected in the delay in switching on the lamp on the section following the non-working section, and if the road section following the non-working section is branched and it becomes necessary to turn on several sections at once, the situation of their interaction among themselves is unpredictable.

2. The absence of a system for monitoring the state of operation of the section (s) and the operability of its equipment, in connection with this:

- there is no possibility of adjusting the operating modes of both the section itself, in case of partial failure of its equipment, and adjusting the operating mode of its neighboring sections in connection with this.

For example, if a section of a sensor that detects the movement of an object fails, the next sections will not receive a signal to turn on their lamps and the lamp of this section (with a failed sensor that detects movement) will not shine, despite the fact that it is in good condition, control the same operation of the sensor that detects motion, avoided such a situation. A luminaire of such a section and luminaires of its nearest sections would shine constantly, which would increase energy consumption, but would ensure traffic safety on this section of the road until the emergency brigade arrived.

3. The absence of a dispatch center with a hardware-software complex hereinafter referred to as PAC, in connection with this:

- there is no control over the state of the operating modes of the lamps, monitoring the operability of the sensors and the transceiver, and there is no transfer of information about this to the dispatch center, accordingly there is no way to adjust the operation of the section modes;

- there is no efficiency in taking measures to eliminate emergency situations in the operation of equipment, i.e. the system is used almost “blindly” and it is not known whether the equipment is working, which is very critical, since a failure in the operation of equipment of one section can lead to a violation of the logic of interaction of a whole chain of working sections;

- there is no possibility of forcing one or another mode of operation of a section or a group of sections in cases of circumstances beyond the standard modes of use of lighting equipment

- there is no possibility of forced testing of section equipment for its proper functioning and performance

- there is no systematization of the accumulated information about the condition of the equipment: its operating time, types and causes of breakdowns; and, accordingly, it is not possible to carry out statistical and analytical calculations about the possible failure of any equipment in the near future and to take appropriate proactive measures to significantly improve the operational characteristics of the lighting system.

All of the above disadvantages are especially relevant in those cases where there are strict requirements for the safety of human life, due to both the high intensity of movement of objects and the need for these objects to comply with traffic rules.

The task, which the utility model is aimed at, is the creation of a self-organizing monitoring and control system for street lighting that provides comfortable and safe lighting of roads with minimal energy consumption.

The technical result achieved by solving the problem is expressed in the creation of temporary, dynamically changing over the area of artificial lighting zones by collecting and analyzing information about the state of traffic and the impact of the external environment (natural lighting), providing real-time monitoring and control.

The technical result achieved is achieved by the fact that the monitoring and control system of street lighting, by creating temporary dynamically changing areas in zones of lighting objects, contains control units for lighting the area, including means for controlling and coordinating lighting and interconnected with light sources through two-way communication . The control units are combined into a single information and computing wireless network with a control center, which serves to transmit, collect, process, analyze and store information, and include the main nodes functionally connected between themselves and the control center. The main unit contains equipment on the supports of light sources, which includes the following subsystems: control, two-way communication, object monitoring, power supply, operability control of the node equipment and emergency operation of the node.

In addition, to correlate the illumination with the main nodes, the system contains auxiliary nodes that have equipment for the two-way exchange of information between themselves, the main nodes and the control center, and equipment for monitoring the object. To ensure two-way communication between the main nodes and the control center in remote areas exceeding the zone of their operation, the system additionally contains intermediate nodes containing equipment for providing two-way communication between them, the main nodes, auxiliary nodes, and the control center, some of the nodes are equipped with natural light measuring equipment. At the same time, the equipment of the auxiliary and / or intermediate unit can be placed on the support of the sign of the rules of the road, which allows you to adjust the actions to illuminate the area of the zone in the area of the sign of the rules of the road and the object (s) in the area; the equipment of the auxiliary and / or intermediate unit can be placed on the traffic light support, which allows you to adjust the actions to illuminate the area of the zone, in the area of the traffic light, synchronously with its current color of light and the object (s) in this zone, while the signal is about the current state The traffic light is transmitted respectively to the node located on its support. Monitoring equipment can be placed on individual main nodes of any part of the area, depending on the nature and intensity of movement on it.

The utility model is illustrated by drawings, where Fig. 1 shows a general functional diagram of a street lighting control system in relation to one conditional settlement; figure 2 is an enlarged fragment of a General functional diagram with areas of overlapping radius of action of network nodes; figure 3 - diagram of the control center of the system; figure 4 - diagram of the main node; figure 5 is a diagram of an intermediate node; figure 6 - diagram of the auxiliary node.

The street lighting control system is a comprehensive solution for organizing street lighting of a settlement by creating temporary, dynamically changing in area, zones of artificial lighting on the streets, roads and parking lots of the settlement only in places where it is really necessary, that is, there, where objects are present: transport and / or pedestrian, ensuring safety, comfort of their location, movement in these places, reducing energy costs, and t also on the monitoring of performance, diagnostics involved in providing lighting equipment, and the reconfiguration of its modes, taking into account periodically changing conditions, requirements: operation of equipment, the environment, the condition of the roadway, traffic rules, using the hardware-software complex (PAC), located in the control room point control system of street lighting of the village.

PAK is a set of hardware and software tools that work together to perform one or more similar tasks.

It consists, respectively, of two main parts:

- hardware - a device for collecting and / or processing information;

- software - specialized software (software) that processes and interprets data collected by the hardware.

TsU - one of the functional blocks of the lighting control system, which is a control room with a PAK.

The lighting control system is an information computer network (IVS), the nodes of which are the supports of the lighting fixtures of the street lighting systems, roads and parking lots of the settlement, as well as auxiliary supports. The IVS nodes are functionally logically connected both among themselves and with the control center (CC). Auxiliary supports can be any buildings, architectural structures, electric poles, supports of traffic lights and road signs.

Each network node has its own equipment fixed to the support, and a unique number that allows you to identify and describe the node in the PAK TsU database with the possibility of making changes and additions to its initial description in the future.

IVS supports two functional and logical levels of its work:

The first level provides two-way interaction directly between neighboring nodes based on incoming data from the equipment nodes.

The second level provides two-way interaction between network nodes and PAC, aimed at solving the following problems:

- improving the safety and comfort of finding and moving objects, due to the prompt adoption of measures to eliminate malfunctions and deviations from the operating modes of equipment that provides lighting, based on the received and processed information of the PAC on the state of the equipment of network nodes;

- providing the required illumination parameters in the area of the network node (providing lighting), due to the initial individual correlation of the light characteristics and operating modes of the node relative to the basic ones, on the basis of information stored in the PAC database on conditions and requirements: operation of the node, environment, road condition canvas and road rules in the area of the site; and the correlation of light characteristics and reconfiguration of its modes in the future, taking into account periodically changing the above conditions and requirements, during the operation of the system;

- diagnostic testing in order to verify the necessary operating modes of both the equipment of the nodes and the information network itself by commands from the PAC and the formation of the PAC based on the received or not received report information to assess the technical condition of the lighting system of the settlement.

A node or group of IVS nodes can operate both in stand-alone mode - without communication with the control center, in accordance with the program developed by the microcontroller, and in a single network mode with two-way exchange of information packets with the control center.

The nodes are united into a single network with the control center based on the principle of the wireless self-organizing network, which gives reliability, flexibility and controllability of the system as a whole, as well as provides operational control of the technical condition of all nodes, significantly increasing the safety of people’s life when using this lighting control system in the village.

According to the functional purpose, the nodes are divided into main, intermediate and auxiliary and, accordingly, have a different set of equipment.

The main ones are nodes that have: light source (s), equipment that provides the necessary illumination in the area of a given node, equipment for monitoring an object in the zone of a node, and equipment that provides two-way exchange of information over a wireless channel in the corresponding reception and transmission zone as between adjacent nodes , and between the control units according to the principle from node to node.

Intermediate - nodes that have equipment that provides two-way exchange of information over a wireless channel in the corresponding reception - transmission zone between neighboring nodes and between the control units on a principle from node to node.

The need to use intermediate nodes arises in cases where it is necessary to connect separate groups (subnets) of the main nodes located at a distance exceeding the signal reception-transmission zone between the groups of main nodes into a single IVS and, accordingly, ensure their two-way communication with the control center.

Auxiliary - nodes that have: equipment that provides two-way exchange of information over a wireless channel in the corresponding reception and transmission zone, both between neighboring nodes and between the control units on a principle from node to node, equipment for monitoring an object in the zone of a node and equipment for coordination the illumination generated by the main nodes in the wireless coverage area between this auxiliary node with the main nodes.

The need to use auxiliary nodes arises, for example, in cases of entry of a vehicle from a dark area, i.e. a zone which, due to some circumstances, cannot be illuminated, into a zone formed by the main unit (s), thereby providing additional movement safety and comfort, namely the absence of a sharp change in the light levels of different zones. In fact, such auxiliary nodes are “warning”, the task of which is to prepare and transfer the main nodes to the operating illumination mode formed by the main nodes in the wireless coverage area between this auxiliary node and the main nodes.

Additionally, to correlate the illumination formed by the main nodes taking into account natural illumination, some of the above nodes have equipment for measuring natural illumination.

The location of a node as a control point for installing equipment on it to measure the level of natural illumination is selected using the hardware-software complex (PAK) of the control center (CC) based on the analysis of data on the area and contour formed by the IVS coverage area. In this case, the correlation coefficient of the illumination formed by one or another main node is calculated using the approximating function, based on the constructed illumination diagram for the territory covered by the IVS using the PAK, based on the data of measuring the level of natural illumination at control points. The correlation coefficient found in this way is used to control the brightness of the glow of each particular node in real time.

Functionally, the structure of the main network node with the light source (s) includes the following subsystems (Fig. 4):

1. Control subsystem - manages all subsystems, linking them into a single complex and contains its own microcontroller that processes subprograms.

The management subsystem performs the following main functions:

- collecting and processing signals from other subsystems and making decisions on their basis for adjusting the parameters (characteristics) of the light source (s) (in stand-alone mode);

- adjustment of parameters (characteristics) of the light source (s) by command from a neighboring node or from the control center when operating in a single network mode;

- the formation of control commands for neighboring nodes;

- monitoring the performance of all subsystems, except for the emergency mode subsystem, including a diagnostic test with a complete check of all operating modes on command from the control center and generating a report for the control center;

- transfer to the control center information about the state and malfunctions of the node.

Microcontroller routines:

- a subroutine for choosing a lamp operating mode;

- a subroutine for the analysis of information coming from the motion sensor (s), providing identification of the object and its motion characteristics in the area of the node;

- a routine for diagnosing the operability of the motion sensor;

- the subroutine of the accumulation of the number of responses of the motion sensor (s) during a given time interval;

- subroutine analysis of the natural light sensor, (if any);

- a subroutine for analyzing sensors that provide monitoring of equipment status;

- a subroutine for processing commands from the two-way communication subsystem;

- brightness control routine;

- a subroutine for the formation of teams to adjust the operation of neighboring lamps;

- a routine for testing the health and condition of nodes on command from the control center.

2. A two-way communication subsystem with the nearest operable one (s) - capable of receiving and transmitting signals to another node (s), node (s), contains a wireless communication module and its own microcontroller that processes subroutines.

The two-way communication subsystem performs the following functions:

- registration in the network and periodic transmission and reception of registration packets so that the node that does not respond to requests is excluded from the packet transmission chain — formatted blocks of information transmitted over a computer network.

- transmission of packets with control commands to neighboring nodes and reception of similar packets;

- the formation and transmission of packets with information for the control center, which will go along the chain from one node to another;

- reception and transmission of transit packets - packets for the control center and from the control center for all nodes through which they pass, except for the source node that formed the packet and the node for which the packet is intended.

- integrity control of received packets and a request for retransmission in case of errors;

The two-way communication subsystem contains its own microcontroller, which fulfills the following routines:

- a subprogram for generating an information package for transmission;

- subroutine analysis of the received information package;

- routing of packet transit and routing control;

- communication routine with the control subsystem.

3. The object monitoring subsystem in the node zone provides the detection of incoming, outgoing and located in the node zone of the object (s), which require artificial lighting. Includes one or more sensors to detect an object.

4. The power supply subsystem of the light modules at the command of the control subsystem, providing the required (flexibly reconfigurable) speeds of both rise and fall of the brightness of the lamp (s) of the assembly.

5. Subsystem for monitoring the health of the equipment node. It includes feedback sensors that measure the brightness of the glow, dust (contamination) of the surface of the lampshade, as well as the current consumed by the lamp (s) of the unit and, in case of exceeding the norm, provides automatic shutdown of its light (s) module (s). Sensor signals are analyzed by the control subsystem.

6. The emergency subsystem of the node operation monitors the operability of the control subsystem and, if it fails, puts the lamp (s) of the node in the state of the maximum possible intensity of brightness for this node or completely turns off the lamp (s).

The control center of the control unit (Fig. 3) of the illumination system performs the following functions:

- collection and processing of information about the technical condition and operability of nodes, analysis of malfunctions and modes of their operation. The nodes send information about their status to the control center, and can also conduct a diagnostic test by command (s) from the control center;

- systematization of accumulated information about the state of equipment: its operating time, types and causes of breakdowns; conducting statistical calculations of the forecast of the possible failure of any equipment in order to preventive replacement of equipment even before its breakdown. Systematization of the accumulated information also allows you to detect and localize “bottlenecks” in the operation of the lighting system and increase the reliability of its operation over time, since the least reliable components of the system can be replaced during operation by other ones that are technically more accurate and reliable;

- changing the operating modes of both individual nodes and the entire network as a whole based on the incoming information from the nodes and its processing of the PAC. So, for example, using the information transmitted by the control subsystem of the main or auxiliary node on the number of times the motion sensor of this node activates in a certain time interval and, accordingly, knowing the section of the road where the node is located, it is possible to assess the degree of traffic intensity in this section, providing the best mode of operation of the nodes involved in the coverage of this site. For example, changing the speed at which the nodes transfer their work from the operating mode to the standby and / or standby mode to the working one and / or changing the intensity of the glow of the lamps in standby mode. Or in the case when a lamp (s) has failed for a certain unit, then a brighter standby mode of operation for the lamps of its neighboring nodes can be set, thereby compensating to some extent for a gap in the continuous lighting zone;

- allows, if necessary, the operator of the control room of the control center to manually control both a separate lamp and a set of lamps allocated to the group according to a specific functional characteristic (s).

Consider the operation of the lighting control system in some typical situations.

1. Dependence on the level of natural light.

- the level of natural light in the coverage area of the network node is above normal - the lamp (s) of the node are extinguished;

- the level of natural illumination is below normal - there are no objects (vehicles and pedestrians) in the coverage area of the network node and there is no signal from the nearest node (s) about the need to put the lamp (s) of the node in the working light mode due to the appearance of the object and, accordingly, by creating for it the required area of illumination - the lamp (s) of the unit are in standby mode, i.e. The light level is maintained as a percentage of the operating mode.

2. Depending on the presence of objects in the lighting area.

- an object enters the coverage area of one of the main nodes - the lamp (s) of the node switches from standby to operating mode, the brightness increases to optimal taking into account natural light, a command is sent to neighboring nodes with lamps to switch to operating mode. The number of nodes with lights that switched from standby to working, and, consequently, the size of the zone with an increased level of illumination, depends on the speed of the object and the branching (s) of the road near the node (again, the proximity of the branching (s) is conditional - depends on object speed). After a specified time after the object leaves the coverage area of the node with the lamp, the brightness of the lamp of this node decreases to the standby level.

In this case, the operation algorithm is as follows - the first node gave the command to turn on the fixtures of the nodes from the 2nd to, for example, the 5th for a certain time. When the object reaches the 2nd node, the command will be duplicated by it, the lights of the nodes from the 3rd to the 5th will continue to be on, in addition to them, the lamp of the 6th node will turn on, etc. If the object stopped or turned off before reaching, for example, the 3rd node, the monitoring subsystem of the 3rd node object will not detect it and, after a specified monitoring time, all the lamps, starting from the 3rd node, go into standby mode ;

- a command came from the neighboring lamp to the lamp to switch to the operating mode - the lamp switches from standby to working mode, the brightness increases to optimal taking into account natural light, the power-on command is transmitted further down the chain (the number of lamps that simultaneously switched from standby to working, depends on the speed of the object) and waits for a certain time for the appearance of the object in the zone of its action. If an object has appeared, then the command to switch to the operating mode is retransmitted to the next lamps, if not, then this lamp and the team following them to transfer them to the working mode are transferred to standby mode;

- in the case of heavy traffic, when the movement occurs at short intervals between objects, the lamp (s) of the node (s) will work at maximum brightness (taking into account natural light) since the interval between the passage of objects is less than the minimum operating time of the lamp of the node in the working mode;

- after the object leaves the coverage area of the node, after a predetermined control time, the lamp (s) of this node goes into standby mode.

3. If the node is out of order - that is, a packet with information about a malfunction has come from it or there is no communication with it (information packets do not come), then commands from the dispatch center are automatically generated to the lamps adjacent to it, to switch to a higher brightness mode , to compensate for insufficient lighting of the site. In the event of a failure of the node control subsystem, but a serviceable power supply subsystem of the light modules, the lamp will switch to maximum brightness, since the emergency operation subsystem of the node will translate the operation of the lamp (s) of the node to the maximum brightness state. If the power subsystem of the light modules fails, the lamp will be extinguished.

The use of IVS and its construction according to the principle of operation of a self-organizing and self-healing wireless network with a mesh topology and automatic relaying of messages, makes it possible that each network node can communicate with any other node either directly (with those nodes that are in the reliable communication zone), and through intermediate network nodes.

The mesh topology offers alternate route choices between nodes. Messages arrive from node to node until it reaches the final recipient. Due to the redundancy of the network, various message paths are possible, which increases the availability of the network in case of failure of a link.

If you change the network configuration in the case of adding a new node, failure of an existing node or replacing one node with another, the network responds to a change in topology, and packet routing tables on all nodes automatically change. In addition, network nodes constantly collect and update information about its state by exchanging it with neighboring nodes. A periodic exchange of control messages is carried out to maintain the integrity and reliability of information about the network structure.

All of the above advantages will provide better dynamics of the illumination of the required zones, for example, if the lamp (s) of the node fails, the network topology will simply be rebuilt and a mode of operation will be ensured in which, for example, the lamps adjacent to the inoperative one will shine continuously or turn on faster and turn off slowly, thereby compensating for the missing light source and so on until the emergency brigade arrives.

Claims (7)

1. A system for monitoring and controlling street lighting by creating temporary dynamically changing areas in zones of lighting objects, comprising control units for lighting the area, including means for monitoring and coordinating lighting and interconnected with light sources through two-way communication, characterized in that the blocks Controls are integrated into a single information and computing wireless network with a control center, which serves to transmit, collect, process, analyze and store information, including m basic units operably connected to each other and the control center, wherein the main assembly comprises means for the supports light sources comprising subsystems: control, two-way communication, monitoring the object, the power supply control unit operability and equipment failure mode node operation. 2. The system according to claim 1, characterized in that for the correlation of illumination with the main nodes, it contains auxiliary nodes having equipment for the two-way exchange of information between themselves, the main nodes and the control center, and equipment for monitoring the object. 3. The system according to claim 1, characterized in that to ensure two-way communication of the main nodes with the control center in remote areas exceeding the communication coverage area, it further comprises intermediate nodes containing equipment for providing two-way communication between themselves, the main nodes, auxiliary nodes, and TSU. 4. The system according to claims 1 to 3, characterized in that some of the nodes are equipped with equipment for measuring natural light. 5. The system according to claim 1, characterized in that the equipment of the auxiliary and / or intermediate node can be placed on the support of the sign of the traffic rules, which allows you to adjust the actions to illuminate the area in the area of the sign of the traffic rules and the object (s) in this area. 6. The system according to claim 1, characterized in that the equipment of the auxiliary or intermediate node can be placed on the traffic light support, which allows you to adjust the actions to illuminate the area of the zone in the area of the traffic light, synchronously with its current light color and the object (s) in this zone, while the signal about the current state of the traffic light is transmitted respectively to the node located on its support. 7. The system according to claim 1, characterized in that the monitoring equipment can be placed on individual main nodes of any part of the area, depending on the nature and intensity of movement on it.