RU111799U1 - ELECTROMAGNETIC SHOCK MACHINE - Google Patents

Abstract

 An electromagnetic percussion machine, comprising a housing with a magnetic core with a coil placed inside it and a spring-loaded guide sleeve mounted in the magnetic core with the possibility of axial movement, with a striking guide with a return spring, a buffer and a rigidly fixed axle box with a working tool, characterized in that between the guide sleeve and a cavity is formed in the buffer, in which a pre-pressed elastic element is installed.

Description

The utility model relates to electrical engineering and can be used in various shock devices, the working body of which performs a reciprocating motion under the action of electromagnetic forces of the coil.

A known electromagnetic percussion machine, comprising a housing, a traction coil located therein, a guide sleeve mounted with the possibility of axial movement with a buffer, striker, axle box and working tool. [A.S. 905049 USSR, IPC B25D 13/00. Electromagnetic hammer / V.M. Borisov, N.P. Ryashentsev, K.A. Shtaf, E.P. Akulinin, I.E. Kudryashev. - No. 2539480 / 25-28; declared 11/03/77; publ. 02/15/82, Bull. No. 6]

Reducing vibrations and increasing reliability is achieved by the fact that the guide sleeve of the electromagnetic machine is spring loaded and mounted in the housing with the possibility of axial movement, and the axle box is rigidly connected to the guide sleeve.

The disadvantage of this known electromagnetic machine is that the buffer that performs the striker reverse is made on the basis of an elastic element whose service life is much shorter than the service life of other buffer devices.

Known electromagnetic percussion machine, comprising a housing, inside of which is placed a coil with a magnetic circuit, having the possibility of axial movement, a striker, main and additional cameras with a communicating channel. [A.S. No. 861058 USSR, IPC B25D 13/00. Electromagnetic hammer / V.M. Borisov, B.G. Goldstein, K.A. Shtaf, A.Ya. Kapustin, I.E. Kudryashchov. - No. 2770825 / 22-03; declared 04/04/79; publ. 09/07/81, Bull. No. 33]

Due to the presence of interconnected chambers, the elasticity of the air cushion increases, and the shock-free reverse of the striker is achieved by compressing air in the upper chamber, which reduces vibration on the body and increases the reliability and durability of the electromagnetic shock machine.

One of the main disadvantages of this electromagnetic impact machine is the use of a pneumobuffer as a device for reverse striking, which leads to the need for more accurate manufacturing of structural elements mating with the diameter of the striker. Using a pneumatic buffer increases the cost and maintenance of the electromagnetic machine. Also, the pneumatic buffer does not allow to obtain high frequencies of vibrations of the striker.

Closest to the technical nature of the present invention is an electromagnetic impact machine (prototype), comprising a housing with a magnetic circuit located inside it and a coil mounted inside it, a guide sleeve mounted with axial movement inside the magnetic circuit and spring loaded relative to it. In the guide sleeve is installed with the possibility of reciprocating movement of the strikers with a return spring, striking a working tool. In the front of the guide sleeve, the axle box, which is also a pole, is rigidly fixed. [Pat. 2111847 RF, IPC B25D 13/00. Electromagnetic shock machine / G.G. Ugarov, V.Yu. Neumann]

The disadvantage of this electromagnetic impact machine is the vibration caused by the collision of the ferromagnetic buffer with the guide sleeve due to the axial displacement of the ferromagnetic buffer when the striker returns in the duty cycle, which reduces the reliability of the machine as a whole.

The technical problem to be solved in the present invention is to increase the reliability of the electromagnetic machine by reducing vibration.

The problem is solved in that in an electromagnetic percussion machine, comprising a housing with an internal magnetic circuit with a coil and installed in the magnetic circuit, with the possibility of axial movement, a spring-loaded guide sleeve with a striking spring installed in it, a buffer and a rigidly fixed axle box with a working tool , a cavity is formed between the guide sleeve and the buffer, in which a pre-pressed elastic element is installed.

The drawing shows the proposed electromagnetic percussion machine.

The electromagnetic percussion machine comprises a housing 1 with a magnetic circuit 2 placed inside it and a coil 3 mounted inside, a guide sleeve 4 mounted axially within the magnetic circuit 2 and preloaded against it by a spring 5. In the guide sleeve 4, it is mounted for reciprocating movement of the strikers 6, held by the elastic forces of the return spring 7. In the front of the guide sleeve 4, the axle box 8, which is also the pole of the electromagnetic machine, is rigidly fixed. In the axle box 8, a working tool 9 is installed, with which the striker 6 interacts. In the rear part of the guide sleeve 4, a buffer 10 is installed with the possibility of axial movement, located between the pre-pressed elastic elements 11 and 13, held by the locking element 12.

An electromagnetic shock machine operates as follows.

When the power source is off, the position of the striker 6 corresponds to the position indicated in the drawing. The end working surface of the striker 6 and the axle boxes 8 form a working air gap of a size equal to the stroke of the striker. When a voltage pulse is applied to coil 3, a current flows through it, creating a magnetic flux that closes along the circuit: magnetic circuit 2, side surface of the striker 6, working air gap, axle box 8, magnetic circuit 2. Under the influence of electromagnetic forces arising in the air working gap, striker 6 starts moving towards the axle box 8 and strikes the working tool 9. At the time of striking, the coil 3 is de-energized and the striker 6 under the action of the elastic force of the return spring 7 idles, striking the buffer 10, which extinguishes the rest to kinetic energy.

When quenching the remainder of the idle kinetic energy of the striker 6, the buffer 10 makes damped oscillatory movements due to the pre-pressed elastic elements 11 and 13.

When re-applying a voltage pulse to the coil 3, the cycle is repeated.

The presence of an additional elastic element 13 installed in the formed cavity between the guide sleeve 4 and the buffer 10, allows you to partially extinguish the remainder of the kinetic energy when the buffer 10 is returned to its initial position, preventing it from making a blow to the sleeve 4.

In contrast to the prototype, in which each return of the striker due to shock and axial displacement of the buffer is associated with the collision of the buffer with the guide sleeve, in the proposed machine, there is no shock in the presence of a spring-loaded elastic element 13, which reduces vibration on the body, and therefore increases the reliability of the electromagnetic shock machine .

As the elastic elements 13, you can use a cylindrical spring with a stiffness coefficient equal to the elastic element 11.

The coil 3 of an electromagnetic machine can be powered from a source of single voltage pulses equal in duration to the striker stroke, and from a source of periodic voltage pulses synchronized with the striker stroke, for example, according to a half-wave rectification circuit of an alternating voltage of industrial frequency. Also, the possibility of using controlled power supplies is not ruled out.

Claims (1)

An electromagnetic percussion machine, comprising a housing with a magnet core with a coil placed inside it and a spring loaded guide sleeve mounted axially movable with a spring with a return spring, a buffer and a rigidly fixed axle box with a working tool, characterized in that between the guide sleeve and a cavity is formed in the buffer, in which a pre-pressed elastic element is installed.