RU111759U1 - BONE DEFECTIVE IMPLANT - Google Patents

Abstract

 An implant for replacing a bone defect, consisting of a cylinder with protrusions, characterized in that the cylinder is made in the form of a mesh frame made of nickel-titanium wire.

Description

The utility model relates to medicine, namely to traumatology and orthopedics, and can be used to replace defects in tubular bones in congenital and acquired diseases.

A known implant of mesh structures of titanium nickelide (Chernov V.F., Bevzyuk A.N., Chernov A.V., Iryanov Yu.M., Radchenko S.A. Study of implantation of mesh structures of titanium nickelide // Medical Science and Education Urals. 2008. No. 2. S.98-100).

However, this implant has a flat, one-dimensional structure, is intended to replace a defect in the abdominal wall and does not provide for the use to replace a bone defect.

Known implant for the replacement of bone defects made of natural coral, which is a cylinder with protrusions for fixation in the bone marrow canal. This implant is made according to x-ray individually for each patient and is fixed between bone fragments using plates for bone osteosynthesis. (Sergeeva N.S., Frank G.A., Sviridova I.K., Kirsanova V.A., Akhmedova S.A., Antokhin A.I. Role of autogenic multipotent mesenchymal stromal cells in tissue-engineering structures based on natural coral and synthetic biomaterials in the replacement of bone defects in animals // Cell Transplantology and Tissue Engineering. 2009. Volume 4. No. 4. P.56-64).

However, this implant is very difficult to manufacture, has a low level of physical and mechanical properties and a long time of surgical intervention.

The objective of this utility model is to develop an implant design to replace a bone defect, which simplifies its manufacture and reduces the time of surgery.

The specified technical result is achieved in that the implant for replacing a bone defect consists of a cylinder with protrusions made in the form of a mesh frame made of nickel-titanium wire.

This useful model is illustrated by a description, an example of use and illustrations, which depict:

Figure 1. - schematic structure of the implant to replace the bone defect: cylinder 1, protrusions 2, 3, bone marrow canal 4, bone fragments 5, 6, mesh frame 7 made of nickel titanium wire 8;

Figure 2. - a section of the mesh frame of the implant made of nickel-titanium wire. Scanning electron microscopy.

Figure 3. - nanostructured surface of nickel-titanium wire. Scanning electron microscopy

Figure 4. - shows the adhesive ability of the nickel-titanium wire mesh frame of the implant. Localization on the surface of the nickel-titanium wire of cellular and fibrous components (arrow) of the regenerate in the tibia defect of the experimental animal (rat) 7 days after the implant is introduced. Scanning electron microscopy

Figure 5. - the effectiveness of the use of the implant when replacing the defect of the tibia of an experimental animal. Bone tissue neoplasm (dashed arrow) around the nickel-titanium wire of the implant (solid arrows) in the tibia defect of the experimental animal (rat) 7 days after implant administration. X-ray electron probe microanalysis. X-ray image of calcium.

The implant for replacing a bone defect includes (Fig. 1) a cylinder 1, protrusions, 2, 3 for fixing bone fragments 5, 6 in the medullary canal 4, made in the form of a mesh frame 7 (Fig. 1, 2), while the mesh frame 7 made of nickel-titanium wire 8 (Fig.2, 3), having a nanostructured surface (Fig.3, 4).

An example of using an implant.

An implant for replacing a bone defect is made manually in the form of a mesh frame 7 (Fig. 1, 2) of nickel-titanium wire 8 (Fig. 2), for example, grade TN-10 with a caliber of 90 μm, which has a rough nanostructured surface (Fig. 3) that provides a high level of adhesion of osteogenic cells and fibrous structures of the regenerate (figure 4). The manufactured implant is sterilized in an autoclave or in a dry oven at a temperature of 180 degrees for 20 minutes. Under sterile conditions, in adult rats, under a general anesthesia, they create a fenestrated defect 4 mm long, 1.5 mm wide and 2.5 mm deep at the border of the upper and middle third of the tibia. A sterile implant is placed in the defect area and protrusions 2, 3 fix it in the bone marrow channel of 4 bone fragments 5, 6 (Fig. 1). Additional fixation of the implant is carried out using knitting needles (not shown in the diagram), which are carried out through the protrusions 2, 3 of the implant and the cortical layer of bone fragments 5, 6. The surgical wound is sutured in layers with interrupted sutures. Substitution of a bone defect is monitored radiologically using scanning electron microscopy and X-ray electron probe microanalysis. It was found that in unusually early periods (7 days after the operation), structures of newly formed bone tissue are formed around nickel-titanium wire 8 of the mesh frame 7 of the implant (Figs. 4, 5). In this case, the replacement of the bone defect is carried out according to the type of primary healing of bone wounds, as evidenced by the formation of a tight osseointegrative connection of the implant with the mineralized bone tissue of the regenerate without the formation of connective and cartilaginous tissues in the bone commissure.

Using the proposed implant to replace a bone defect can simplify the procedure for its manufacture, reduce the time of surgery and reduce the treatment time for patients with this pathology.

The implant for replacing a bone defect has been tested and used in the Department of Experimental Traumatology and Orthopedics of the Federal State Institution “Russian Scientific Center“ Reconstructive Traumatology and Orthopedics ”named after Academician G.A. Ilizarov "of the Ministry of Health and Social Development of Russia, Kurgan. The use of the implant has shown positive results, consisting in a reduction in the time of surgery and a reduction in the replacement time for a bone defect.

Claims (1)

An implant for replacing a bone defect, consisting of a cylinder with protrusions, characterized in that the cylinder is made in the form of a mesh frame made of nickel-titanium wire.