RU10890U1 - HOLE GLASS LENS - Google Patents

Abstract

1. The lens of the hole glasses, which is an opaque plate with holes, characterized in that the holes are made in the form of polygons, for example hexagons. 2. The lens according to claim 1, characterized in that the holes are made expanding in thickness of the lens.

Description

The lens of hole glasses used in training glasses refers to medical equipment and is intended to improve visual acuity, cataract treatment, corneal opacity, and other eye diseases and their prevention.

The use of perforated and slotted devices among the peoples of the North is widely known. In order to protect the eyes from blinding. Birch bones or bone fossa., In which there are small holes or cracks, are installed in front of the eyes.

It is known that goggles made of metal plates have slotted slits for the eyes, and for one eye the slit is horizontal, and for the other eye, vertical (Lazarev V.G. New safety glasses system, Vestnik ophthalmologist, Sch2, 1938).

Glasses are also known from alshinium alloy plates bent in the shape of a meniscus that have round holes with a diameter of 1 mm (Bolgov P.Ya., Gerasimenko PN, Gubanov V.I., Polyak B.L., Shikhmanovich I.O. corrective glasses, Military Sanitary Engineering, M, 1943).

In 1942, the State Optical Institute (Leningrad) developed the design of stenopic (holey) glasses, which were intended to increase the sharpness of the image on the retina, to reduce visible brightness and, in addition, protect eyes from wind, dust and shavings. Ophthalmolor doctor E.V. Utekhina and engineer

: 2.

Yu.A. Utekhin improved hole glasses and developed methods for treating cataracts and clouding of the corneas of the eye. In addition, Utekhiny, together with the Leningrad branch of the All-Russian Research Institute of Medical Instruments and Equipment, developed the design of glasses, in which instead of hole plates a persistent light-proof paint was applied, which is applied to the glass with a special stencil, where the gaps correspond to the holes of the gift glasses (E.V.Utekhina Perforated glasses, Science and life, 16, 1963, pp. 62-63).

The prototype of the alleged invention is widely used in the CIS countries in the 90s, laser-vision system training glasses (LaSCi V lioii) according to US Pat. No. 4,249,803, which are plastic plates inserted into frames and have rows of round holes in the patent Bayler (-Btr & t) No. 4 249 803 describes a device for preoperative cataract patients, which is a mask for each eye, having an opaque upper section with a width of I to 6 mm and expanding to the right for the right eye and to the left for the left to 10 m m, and the lower section is an array with discrete circular translucent sections, in which each circular section has the same diameter in the range 0.5 4-1.2 mm, placed with the same distance between the centers from 1.5 to 4 mm. This third section - an array of discrete circular translucent subparts - is the lens of the glasses / lOxSe% Regarding this array, Builer writes that: It is preferable to calibrate circular translucent portions of the array both in size and in the distance between them in order to achieve a complete image of the field of view, then however, the patient can have only a minimal sensation of stencil. This observation is confirmed by the following: Clumps of similar elements or gaps in a periodic pattern appear to us as figures (L. Linbdey, D. Norman, Information processing in humans, Moscow, Mir, 1974, p. 24). Translucent sections of Byler

involves receiving in the form of round holes in a photographic way or in another way.

The manufacture with high accuracy of metallic, plastic, or other materials of hole lenses (according to Bailer: an array of circular translucent areas on a mask) with the same round holes and the same distance between them is a difficult technical problem in mass production. When drilling metal plates, neither conductors nor coordinate machines can solve the problem of high accuracy with simultaneous high productivity. Drilling holes in the plastic is possible at low speeds to ensure heat dissipation, since due to the low thermal conductivity of the plastic at the point of contact with the drill, the plastic melts or decomposes, resulting in distortion of the geometric dimensions of the hole. Laser burning causes no less problems: high cost of installations high energy consumption (low efficiency of energy use), emission of harmful substances during combustion, evaporation of materials, flashing of the edges of holes, etc. The use of photographic methods leads to other disadvantages: insufficient transparency of the translucent areas, since any substrate is always less transparent than a hole where there is nothing but air, and the thickness of the substrate cannot be less than 0.4 4-0.5 mm, since otherwise, it cannot provide the geometric shape given to it. An indirect confirmation of the above is the high price of the points of the /. Ш system (about $ 70).

An attempt to manufacture plastic hole lenses in the most productive and technological way for mass production - injection molding - leads to a number of technical problems. In the manufacture of molds, it is necessary to drill 120 $ 00 holes with a diameter of 0.5-g-1.2 mm and distances between the axles with a high accuracy in a limited area (30x40mm)

3.

between them 1.5 4sh (according to Bailer). Then make the same number of pins forming the lens holes with a consensus of 24-3 ° (to ensure the removal of the lens). The pins MUST be made the same with high precision. Then the pins must be firmly fixed in the holes of the mold plate with the condition of again high accuracy in the distances between their axes. On the other side of the pins (on the loose side), the holes of the fugue-plate should be fixed, in this other plate, the holes fixing the pins should also be made with high accuracy in diameter and the distance between their axes. From the condition of mold assembly, the dimensions between the axis of the pins and the diameters of the holes should have significant tolerances, which contradicts the desire to obtain high accuracy on the diameters and especially on the distance between the holes in the manufactured lens. Thus, the complexity of the above lenses is determined by their design (circles, alternating holes).

The objective of the proposed invention is to improve the design of the lens for hole glasses, which can improve the manufacturability (therefore, reduce the cost) of molds for molding lenses under pressure.

The essence of the alleged invention lies in the design of lenses for perforated glasses, the holes of which are made in the form of polygons, expanding along the thickness of the lens.

The design of the lens of the hole glasses is illustrated in the drawing, in which:

-on (pr.I depicts a general view of the lens;

- figure 2 is a fragment of a lens with holes;

- Fig. 3 shows a section through the hole.

(see phage 2). The distance between the hexagons - §. The sizes t and and can be either the same or different depending on the required lens parameters. Section AA shows the expanding shape of the hole along the thickness of the plate (i). expansion can vary from 2-3 ° (necessary to remove the lens from the mold) to the limit angle.

The ultimate fragility of hole expansion:

the angle at which the generators at the base of the truncated pyramid are closed at the point p (see Fig. 3). The angle depends on the size of the aperture J-, the center-distance-bZy- &, and the thickness of the lens. The actually executed angle j is selected depending on the requirements of the ophthalmologist, the design features of the mold and the manufacturing technology of the lens and mold.

Expanding holes (see FIG. 3) allow different sizes of the area of holes in the lenses cast in the same mold to be pulled by removing part of the lens (milling, grinding, etc.):

with a decrease in the thickness of the lens “GNA S, the size of the hole increases / increases from W- to 3i. The proposed lenses are inserted into the frame of the glasses

wide side of the cone to the eyes. The holes made in the lens aperture, which increases the depth of field of the image.

The manufacture of the lens of the hole glasses of the proposed design is carried out by injection molding into a mold, in which the holes are formed by truncated pyramids, made by grinding in one piece with the mold plate, have absolutely identical geometric dimensions, are located relative to each other at a given distance with high accuracy - not worse than 0, 02mm. In this case, using the process of grinding at an angle (see figure 2). molds can be made for the lenses of holey glasses with holes equivalent in diameter to 0.5 mm and with spacing between them of up to 1.5 mm, which is very difficult and time-consuming when using conical pins (to make round holes) with each being fixed at a small distance.

The proposed lens design allows you to widely vary the size of the holes, the distances between them, as well as according to any law chosen by ophthalmologists, to change the size of the holes and the distance between them, setting the appropriate dimensions x 6 and angle (see $ ig. 2).

The validity of the implementation of the lens of hole glasses with holes in the form of a polygon instead of a round hole is confirmed by the widespread use of the aperture changing aperture used in optical devices, for example, in camera lenses.

An experimental batch of proposed gift glasses lenses has been manufactured and tested in mass production.

The offered lenses have passed certification and clinical trials with positive results.

The production of an experimental batch of lenses showed that the cost of lenses made in accordance with this proposal is 3-4 times lower than that of the prototype.

Claims (2)

1. The lens of the hole glasses, which is an opaque plate with holes, characterized in that the holes are made in the form of polygons, for example hexagons. 2. The lens according to claim 1, characterized in that the holes are made expanding along the thickness of the lens.