RU108901U1 - COMBINED REMOVAL WEAPONS - Google Patents

Abstract

 1. Combined reclamation tool, including cultivators mounted on a common frame in several transverse planes and support wheels, characterized in that it contains mounted and movable mounted on three transverse planes in mismatching sections frontally, sequentially and symmetrically with respect to the longitudinal axis with the possibility of transfer from working position in the transport and regulation of the depth of cultivation: a ripper - in the center on the last transverse beam of the frame, on the front - two rippers-cro of the manufacturer, on the middle transverse beam of the frame - at least four ripper-slotrers with chisel knives, support wheels, as well as a feed system of products in the form of liquid and loose ameliorants, fertilizers and water, while the rack of the ripper is hollow with an outlet for the feed knife loose ameliorants, rippers, gullets on the back side are equipped with water outlets, as well as food products connected by removable nozzles to a flow divider equipped with a hose for supplying liquid ameliorants, water and fertilizers, and chisel Ithel-krotovateley krotovatelem movably connected with a variable diameter, in its broad portion fitted in pairs angled blades mounted variable width. ! 2. The combined reclamation implement according to claim 1, characterized in that it is equipped with quick-detachable containers for reagents, water and liquid fertilizers and a removable skip mechanism for supplying bulk solids. ! 3. The combined reclamation implement according to claim 1, characterized in that for the transfer of a ripper, ripper-wreckers and ripper-slitherers from transport

Description

The combined reclamation tool proposed as a utility model relates to agriculture, in particular, to technical means for land reclamation and can be used in land reclamation work on agricultural lands and the development of saline lands.

The utility model relates to technical means for deep tillage, with solonetzic and solonetzic spots protruding to the surface and dispersed over the site, or with a hidden layer of saline soil and soil for processing with the addition of ameliorant, fertilizers in the slot behind the slit-ripper, filter material the bottom of the gap behind the subsoiler with the formation of a cavity for the removal of saline water, or the extraction of stones from the soil with rippers.

A well-known deep-ripper (Av. St. No. 1384225, USSR, A01B 13/08, BI No. 12, 1988), which at high energy intensity of the process does not provide sufficient quality of loosening of the subsoil of the columnar and prismatic solonetz.

A known method and device for slotting (Av. St. No. 1426480, USSR, A01B 13/16, BI. No. 36, 1988), requiring multiple passage of the tractor with the device and compacts the underlying soil layer, which leads to salinization.

The closest to the proposed technical solution is a heavy cultivator type chisel "NON STOP" model 12, prospectus from Kirpy, France, characterized by a frontal arrangement of seven rippers in the form of paws with chisel knives, equipped with springs and fixed in two transverse planes through movable brackets on the frame, with support wheels rigidly mounted on the frame.

The disadvantage of this design is that due to the same installation depth from the frame of all cultivators, the bottom of the slots obtained by loosening does not provide a quick removal of salts with drainage water, requiring repeated passage of the cultivator with a change in the depth of cultivation, the distance between the cultivators, periodic leaching of the soil and the introduction of ameliorants .

The purpose of the proposed utility model is to reduce the energy intensity of the process, improve the quality of processing the deep soil layer to ensure the removal of salts from the soil and close up the reclamation agent, expanding the technological capabilities of using tools for resettlement of agricultural land.

To achieve this goal, the combined reclamation tool, proposed as a utility model, includes cultivators and support wheels movably mounted on a common frame in several transverse planes, characterized in that it contains mounted and movably mounted in three transverse planes in dissimilar alignments frontally, sequentially and symmetrically relative to the longitudinal axis with the possibility of transfer from the working position to transport and regulation of the depth of cultivation: subsoiler - in the center on the last transverse beam of the frame, on the front there are two rippers-movers, on the middle transverse beam of the frame - not less than four rippers-crevice with chisel knives, support wheels, as well as a feed system in the form of liquid and loose reclamants, fertilizers and water at the same time, the subsoiler rack is hollow with an outlet behind the knife for supplying loose reclamants, the ripper-cherezeres on the back side are equipped with water outlets, as well as products connected by removable nozzles to the flow divider, It is equipped with a hose for supplying liquid reclamants, water and fertilizers, and the chisel-ripper chisel bit is movably connected to the chipper of variable diameter, in its large part equipped with paired mounted inclined knives of variable width.

In addition, the combined reclamation tool can be equipped with quick-detachable containers for reagents, water and liquid fertilizers and a removable skip mechanism for feeding bulk solids.

In addition, to transfer the deep-ripper, rippers, wreckers, and rippers-slitherers from the transport position to the working position and vice versa, and to change the depth of cultivation, they are attached to the transverse beams and bars of the frame by means of a telescopic joint and a hydraulic cylinder system.

Figure 1 presents a diagram of a combined reclamation tools when placing the equipment in the working position, side view; figure 2 - layout of equipment in the transport position, side view; figure 3 - layout of equipment in the working position, top view.

The proposed combined reclamation tool includes an assembly consisting of a base tractor with a coupling mechanism 1 (Fig. 1) and a working body, which contains support wheels 3 (Fig. 1) mounted and movably mounted on the frame 2 (Fig. 1), a ripper 4 ( figure 1), two ripper-mower 5 (figure 1), at least four ripper-slitherers 6 (figure 1) with chisel knives, a system of telescopic articulation and hydraulic cylinders 7 to translate the rippers 5, 6 and ripper 4 into transport position and regulation of the depth of cultivation. The ripper racks 4.5.6 are located in mismatching sections frontally and sequentially relative to the longitudinal axis in different transverse planes, while in the center, on the last transverse beam 20 of the frame (Fig. 3), a ripper 4 is fixed, on the front there are two rippers 5, on the average transverse beam 21 - rippers-glippers 6 (Fig.3) with chisel knives. Water outlets 22 (Fig. 3) and products 8 (Fig. 1) are fixed on the back of their racks, by means of removable nozzles 9 communicated with a flow divider 10, equipped with a hose 11 for supplying products in the form of liquid reclamants, water or fertilizers from quick-detachable containers 12 (figure 3). The depth of the ripper 4 is hollow for feeding loose reclamants and fertilizers through the outlet 13 behind the knife 14, which are loaded into the rack by means of a removable skip mechanism 16. The bit 17 of the cultivators-wranglers 5 (Fig. 1) is movably connected to the wiper 18 (Fig. 1) variable diameter, having in the widest part paired fixing inclined knives 19 of variable width.

The proposed utility model of a combined reclamation tool intended for continuous cultivation, resettlement of soil, soil and stone extraction works as follows:

After irrigation check or reclaimed agricultural land, after examining the agrolandscape and soil studies, drawing up a project for the development of saline lands and (or) for complex reclamation of stony or solonetzic soils, draining the plot, the proposed implement is installed perpendicular to the longitudinal axis of the drain or at an angle to it, by means of hydraulic cylinders 7 (Figs. 1, 2) translate the support wheels 3 (Fig. 2) to the operating position h _i , rotary mechanisms lower the ripper 4 (Fig. 2), the cultivators-movers 5 (Fig. 2) to the soil surface h _i , the movement of the unit begins with the deepening of the working bodies, the hydraulic cylinders 7 (Fig. 1) through the telescopic connection establish the position of the racks at a given depth of cultivation h ₁ , h ₂ , h ₃ .

Begin feeding into the slot behind the ripeners-glippers 6 ameliorant - gypsum, lime or fertilizers - calcium nitrate, above the racks of rippers-glippers 6 (Fig. 1) and into the zone of rippers-movers 5 (Fig. 1), a stream of water is released from the outlets 22 ( figure 3), which through flexible pipelines are connected with quick-detachable containers 12 (figure 3), while water prevents dust from the reclamation agent and accelerates the settlement of the soil. In addition, from the tank 12 (Fig. 3) through hoses 11 (Fig. 3) an aqueous solution of ammonia and (or) foamed urea-formaldehyde fertilizer is supplied to the flow divider 10 (Figs. 1, 3), which is connected by a removable pipe 9 ( 1, 3) with a food product 8 (FIGS. 1, 3) for introduction into non-saline soil behind the slit-ripper 6, and a filter is fed into the cavity of the deep-ripper 4 (FIG. 1) with the formation of a water-conducting collector behind it. When the deep-ripper 4 (Fig. 1) and (or) the ripper-wrecker 5 (Fig. 1) meet with an obstacle, the working body is deepened with the help of the hydraulic cylinder system, and when overcoming or eliminating the obstacle, the setting of the set loosening depth is repeated. In addition, continuous loosening is carried out in the direction across the irrigation check or at an angle from 120 ° to 60 ° to the direction of the alignment of the tubular drains.

When approaching the location of the stone with a diameter of 0.3 m to 1.0 m, indicated in the project, the angle of inclination of the knife of the cultivator-mover 5 (Fig. 1) is changed and the stone is removed to the surface, the predetermined depth is restored and loosening is continued.

With the working movement of the guns in front of and on the sides of the cultivators 5 (Fig. 1), soil cleavage occurs, voids form between separate clods, in the loosened soil behind the bit 17 (Fig. 1), the scavenger 18 (Fig. 1) forms a cavity and shakes the soil with inclined knives 19 (Fig. 1, 2), while above it, the ripper-slitherese 6 with a chisel knife (Fig. 1) forms a gap in the soil, on the bottom of which ameliorant or fertilizers are applied with partial removal from the slot, under them a deep-ripper knife 4 (figure 1) cleaves the soil and crumbles above the molehill lumps with the creation of conditions for the distribution the growth of ameliorant, fertilizers and plant roots into the soil and prevents the capillary rise of water, improving filtration with the removal of salts into the drain during irrigation. Thus, the cultivator-mover 5 (Fig. 1), successively cutting and lifting the mover h ₃ and chisel 18 (Fig. 1), creates a soil layer h ₃ for the ripper 4 (Fig. 1) at a depth of h _{2, the} effect of the day surface associated with a change in parameters deformation of the soil, which increases the efficiency of settlement and promotes the disposal of salts, reduces energy costs.

At the end of the technological process on the cultivated area of agricultural land, the supply of technological materials is stopped, hoses 11 (Fig. 1), pipe nozzles 9 (Figs. 1, 3) are washed with water, a flow divider 10 (Figs. 1, 3), and a food product 8 (Figs. .1, 3), the hydraulic cylinders 7 (Figs. 1, 3) extend the racks of slot rippers 6 (Fig. 1) and the rippers - movers 5 (Figs. 1, 2), deep-ripper 4 (Figs. 1, 2) are moved and supporting wheels 3 (Fig. 1, 2) in the transport position with h _i (Fig. 2) with a rear exit angle of at least 40 ° (Fig. 2), a mole is attached rigidly to the frame 2 (Figs. 1, 3) Vatel 18 (figure 1), then the combined reclamation tool moves to the storage or maintenance.

Thus, the combined reclamation tool proposed in the form of a utility model allows to reduce the energy intensity of the process, improve the quality of processing the deep soil layer to ensure removal of salts from the soil and embed the reclamation agent, and expands the technological capabilities of the use of tools for resettlement of agricultural land.

Claims (3)

1. Combined reclamation tool, including cultivators mounted on a common frame in several transverse planes and support wheels, characterized in that it contains mounted and movable mounted on three transverse planes in mismatching sections frontally, sequentially and symmetrically with respect to the longitudinal axis with the possibility of transfer from working position in the transport and regulation of the depth of cultivation: a ripper - in the center on the last transverse beam of the frame, on the front - two rippers-cro of the manufacturer, on the middle transverse beam of the frame - at least four ripper-crevice cutters with chisel knives, support wheels, as well as a feed system of products in the form of liquid and loose ameliorants, fertilizers and water, while the rack of the ripper is hollow with an outlet for the feed knife loose ameliorants, rippers, gullets on the back side are equipped with water outlets, as well as food products connected by removable nozzles with a flow divider equipped with a hose for supplying liquid ameliorants, water and fertilizers, and chisel Ithel-krotovateley krotovatelem movably connected with a variable diameter, in its broad portion fitted in pairs angled blades mounted variable width. 2. The combined reclamation implement according to claim 1, characterized in that it is equipped with quick-detachable containers for reagents, water and liquid fertilizers and a removable skip mechanism for supplying bulk solids. 3. The combined reclamation implement according to claim 1, characterized in that for transferring the deep-ripper, rippers-wreckers and rippers-crevice tools from the transport position to the working one and vice versa and changing the depth of cultivation, they are attached to the transverse beams and bars of the frame through a telescopic joint and a hydraulic cylinder system .