RU108611U1 - INTELLIGENT SYSTEM OF AUTOMATION OF MEANS OF LIFE SUPPORT - Google Patents

Abstract

 1. An intelligent life-support automation system, including metering devices, meters and sensors for each energy source consumed: gas, heat, hot and cold water, electricity, additionally installed control devices for regulating the thermal regime and a means of displaying information about the consumed energy resources in units of their measurement, characterized in that it contains electronic meters with an intelligent output, a computer module that performs the functions of accounting, control and management, devices for walk and turn on / off the supply of each energy resource, a notification device about events in the controlled system, devices that provide information from the computer module via communication channels of local and / or global networks, special software based on built-in algorithms that changes the connection parameters of meters of different types and manufacturers, combining all the necessary objects into a single information space. ! 2. The intelligent system according to claim 1, characterized in that it contains counters and sensors of signals for fire alarms, room security, control devices for household appliances and equipment for security, fire alarms, household appliances. ! 3. The intelligent system according to claim 1, characterized in that it contains intelligent signal sensors and device control devices for monitoring emergency situations, video surveillance, IP telephony, automatic irrigation and other life support equipment.

Description

The utility model relates to the field of electronics, as well as to the field of processing and data transmission for special applications and can be used to create centralized control systems and intelligent control of the infrastructure of residential, office and public buildings and premises, including power supply, water supply, heat supply, gas supply systems, ventilation, etc.

Known technical solution according to patent RU No. 2105958 IPC G01K 17/00, 17/08, publ. 02/27/1998., According to which the method of local control and metering of heat consumption is that thermometric measurements are carried out in separate groups of heat-using plants at their input and output using thermal converters with different levels of supplied signals (by one degree of temperature difference), which are proportional relative nominal thermal capacities of the respective heat-using plants, ensuring the proportionality of the total signal level to the total heat energy consumption. The disadvantage of this method is not the high accuracy of the measurements, due to the fact that the measurement does not take into account the energy costs for heating common areas - stairways, staircase.

Known technical solution according to patent RU No. 2138029 IPC G0K 17/08, publ. 09/20/1999, in which the method for determining heat consumption by local consumers included in the integrated system of heat consumers consists in determining the heat consumption by the integrated system of heat consumers for a specific heat transfer time by a heat source, measure the temperature difference on the surface of the heat source of a local heat consumer and cooling medium of a local heat consumer, determine the average heat transfer coefficient by the integrated system of heat consumers by the formula:

α = Q / t × ∑S _i × ΔT _i ,

where α is the average heat transfer coefficient for the combined system of heat consumers;

Q is the heat consumption of the integrated consumer system for a specific heat transfer time by the heat source;

S _i is the surface area of the heat source of the local heat consumer;

ΔT _i is the temperature difference on the surface of the heat source of the local heat consumer and the cooling medium of the local heat consumer;

t is the heat transfer time by the heat source;

i = 1-n, where n is the number of local heat consumers,

then determine the heat consumption by the local heat consumer for the same specific time of heat transfer by the heat source according to the formula

Q _i = α × S _i × ΔT _i × t,

where Q _i is the heat consumption by a local consumer for a specific heat transfer time by a heat source.

The disadvantage of this method is the low accuracy of determining the flow of energy, due to the fact that Q _i is actually a fraction of the flow of heat energy attributable to this apartment in the total house heat consumption, including heat spent on heating common areas. With this approach, when ΔT _i → 0, the amount of heat spent on heating common areas attributed to the ith apartment will also tend to zero, and the real value will be distributed between individual apartments. In addition, the consumer does not see how much heat is spent on heating his apartment, but how much is on heating common areas. Seeing only the total consumption, the consumer is weakly interested in saving heat.

Known technical solution according to patent RU No. 2141626 "Device for monitoring housing and communal information" IPC G01F 1/00, A62C 2/00, G08B 17/00, publ. November 20, 1999, according to which the control system consists in the installation of counters or signal sensors for each energy source consumed in each apartment of residential buildings: gas, heat, hot and drinking water, electricity, taking their readings and processing information on the actual energy carriers consumed by consumers: gas by its mass, heat, taking into account the main features of the heating system of the apartment, hot water by its energy content, electricity, taking into account changes in the temporary tariff, drinking water with temperature correction, calculating the flow rate of each of the energy carriers. The disadvantage of this method is that it is not accurate enough, because it does not take into account the share of normative energy consumption in apartments that are not equipped with metering devices, common house heat losses taking into account "the participation of each apartment in common house losses and does not divide the total consumption into individual and common house parts . The device that implements this method comprises home controllers with memory devices containing house addresses, modems, a central control room electronic computer with a timer for storing events in time and a printer to provide record keeping and printing of invoice payments payable by tenants, a personal computer with sound and light signaling, located in the security guard units, sensors of elevators operation parameters with help desks, cable, postal, telephone and / or radio communication channels, as well as unified sensors of electrical signals for temperature, pressure and volumetric flow of gas installed in apartments of residential buildings, sensors of electrical signals for temperature and volumetric flow of water, located at characteristic points of heating systems in apartments, drinking and hot water systems , microcontrollers made with the possibility of storing apartment numbers and determining the mass gas flow and drinking water consumption, energy content of hot water and heat, taking into account temperatures errors and memorizing these values for the period of absence of mains power supply, equipped with autonomous power sources, electronic converter units with network power sources, security assistance call panels, and also contains blocks of apartment meters of actually consumed gas by its mass, heat and electric energy, and drinking water and energy content of hot water, made in the form of electromechanical counters of electrical impulses corresponding to a given "unit" size energy spent with the possibility of their placement outside the apartments, while the sensors and call guards are connected via electronic converters to microcontrollers, which are connected to the blocks of apartment meters and to house controllers, connected through modems and communication channels to computers of the central control room and duty computers parts of the fire department, police, ambulance, gas emergency service, housing and communal services or elevator services located near the house, residents of which go need help. In the known system, the current housing and communal information is periodically periodically collected by a computer through modems, a telephone network, cable or radio channels from home microcontrollers. The main technical result of the known device is to increase the amount of information for analyzing the state of housing and communal services. A disadvantage of the known device is its limited operational capabilities, due to the use of analog circuitry and technical solutions that exclude the possibility of exchanging information of devices of various levels (apartment, house, system) and the possibility of implementing multi-tariff meters, which do not allow reducing consumer costs. In addition, the known device cannot be used in buildings with vertical wiring of heating systems. In addition to the above, the known device does not provide the consumer with an accurate accounting of the energy resources consumed by him, since he does not divide the total consumption into individual (apartment) and communal parts.

Known technical solution according to the patent RU No. 53510 IPC Н02Н 7/00, G06F 19/00, publ. 10/05/2006, "Microprocessor-based information management system" Smart Home ", which contains N processing and communication units, a control unit consisting of a power supply and a microprocessor connected to an external computer, N groups of sensors and N groups of actuators. A distinctive feature of the known system is the use of a microprocessor module as a control unit. The disadvantage is that the known system operates autonomously, according to the software algorithms embedded in the microprocessor module and the recorded parameters, based on the constant receipt of data from various sensors. The dialogue mode in the known system, if present, is functionally limited. Often, all control is possible only with remote controls. In addition, the installation of microprocessor systems at large facilities requires the use of several control units connected by communication lines. Often this requirement is dictated by the large length of the communication lines to the sensors and executive modules and, as a result, the presence of interference in these lines and signal distortion. The disadvantages of the known system can also include the fact that it is limited or not possible to use sensors, instruments and equipment with digital interfaces, because in the microprocessor module, the presence of such interfaces is limited or absent. Connecting new devices / devices with digital (computer) interfaces requires the development of a subroutine for interacting with these devices and rewriting the entire firmware. The disadvantages also include the fact that each microprocessor module has a limited number of input / output lines (limited by the presence of such lines in the microprocessor); connection of equipment not intended for use with this microprocessor module without overwriting the firmware in the module is impossible; Microprocessor module software updates can only be performed by a trained user.

The closest in technical essence to the claimed utility model is the technical solution according to patent RU No. 2296305 C1 IPC G01K 17/00, publ. 03/27/2007 “Method and integrated system of individual metering and regulation of energy consumption in housing and communal services”, according to which the method of obtaining meter readings is based on the installation of metering devices or signal sensors for each energy source (gas, heat, hot and cold water, electricity) in each individual apartment, installation of interface modules for converting analog signals to digital, local (apartment) and home concentrators with storage devices (to store the accumulated values of energy consumption), a modem for communication with the control center.

The disadvantage of this method of obtaining readings from metering devices is the use of metering devices with a pulse output, when consumption information is transmitted in the form of pulses to interface modules and local hubs, where they are digitized and transmitted to a home hub. In the house concentrator additional values are added to each apartment taking into account the energy consumption of common areas, losses and then the actual consumption values are sent to each local concentrator for display on the local displays of each apartment. Possible risks should be noted: the complexity of the calculation of readings associated with the passage of information through a number of devices to obtain the final result, the potential threat of hang of any of the devices, a break in the communication line between devices, possible interference on the communication line (both on cable lines and on the radio channel ), battery discharge. These and other factors can lead to loss of information about the instantaneous values of energy consumption and distortion of readings (skip a certain number of pulses and, as a result, get a discrepancy between the actual readings of the meter and the accumulated data on consumption in the concentrator). Such distortion makes it necessary to manually enter corrections in the accumulated data of the concentrators. Considering that the system has an algorithm for automatic distribution, at the level of a house concentrator, of common house losses and energy consumption in public places, then in case of loss of pulses from at least one device, manual adjustment will be required on all controllers of the house network. It should be borne in mind that house-wide losses can be of a different nature, the distribution of which may require the use of different algorithms from the hub. With such accounting and distribution, it is impossible to record consumption according to multi-tariff calculation schemes. The experience of implementing such metering schemes shows that, as a whole, the costs of maintaining the system will increase in the home and this factor will lead to the transition to manual metering and energy consumption calculations.

The indicated disadvantages are solved by the proposed utility model. The objective of the claimed utility model is to increase the accuracy of individual accounting of actual energy consumption for each apartment. The objective of the claimed system is to expand its functional and operational capabilities to global coverage of all life support systems while reducing consumer costs by providing more accurate individual metering, control and regulation of energy consumption.

The tasks are solved by the fact that the inventive system uses intelligent devices with built-in electronic modules for calculating the amount of consumption, data storage and storage modules. The use of such devices allows you to get the amount of consumption in digital form already at the counter level, to avoid data loss in the lines to the interface and counting devices, and in them. Risks associated with a broken house bus, failure of a computer module, will not lead to a stop of the entire counting system, because individual metering devices will continue to record consumption and the accumulation of results in their memory. Upon elimination of the malfunction on the home communication line, the accumulated information will be transmitted to control rooms.

The use of dial-up / leased line modem connection with the control center described in the analogue is fraught with a lot of errors in transmitting information, requiring periodic automatic or manual dial-up connection to the object through the modem. To dispatch objects with an interval of one hour and with a large number of serviced objects, from the control center, a large number of telephone lines and modems are required. The process of scheduling resource consumption requires large financial costs for maintaining and maintaining the health of the system as a whole.

In the inventive system, the testimony is obtained directly by the computer module: by sequentially sending commands to each meter for issuing the value of the current testimony and other parameters (according to the established schedule or with a given frequency of interrogation of devices). Receiving digital data from the meter, the computer module automatically transfers this data to the control room or to the remote module via a TCP Socket connection organized for the period of data transfer. In the absence of communication, data is accumulated in the computer module and, when restored, is transmitted to the control room. This method of transmitting readings allows you to distribute the load on the organization of the communication channel between the serviced objects. An Internet server of a control center connected to a local network or to a network receives a connection request from a computer module to an open port and organizes a separate SOCKET connection stream for each object to receive data. To simplify the reception and analysis of data packets on the server, ports are opened for different types of energy (for example, IP 192.168.1.1:11000 - for electricity, IP 192.168.1.1:12000 - for thermal energy, etc.). The quality of data transmission via TCP / IP is beyond doubt, however, to eliminate errors, each data packet is provided with a control number. When using open and public data transmission channels, standard ones are used - computer-based encryption algorithms and cryptographic protection of the transmitted data. The described algorithm for obtaining readings allows you to accumulate the readings of apartment and house metering devices at different levels (for example, an apartment, a house, a control center, a resource supplying organization), depending on the needs and accepted accounting schemes. Accounting for the actual energy consumption of each apartment / object will allow, on their basis, to build accepted in the region, city, settlement, HOA and legally approved charging algorithms for energy consumption, take into account multi-tariff schemes, produce balance methods for the distribution of losses and consumption of common areas, flexibly change these algorithms when changing accounting rules. There is an opportunity, at any of the indicated levels, to organize the “Customer’s Personal Account” system, where owners of apartments, offices, buildings can view information about the consumption of their facilities, the generated distributions of energy losses and the consumption of common areas, and monitor the quality of energy supplied to the facility ( for example, the temperature of the coolant in the supply and return piping, the pressure in the heating system, hot water and cold water, compliance with the schedule for maintaining the temperature of the return coolant to the given pairs etram, voltage, current, power, frequency of the power supply, graphs of outdoor temperatures, humidity, pressure, etc.).

The use of intelligent metering devices with digital interfaces will allow the organization responsible for calculating the object for energy consumed to perform a remote restriction on the power and energy consumption of a particular consumer or to remotely shut off the energy supply to the object by sending a shutdown command to the computer module.

The described energy consumption metering system allows you to create complex metering schemes through the use of distributed, interconnected or local computer modules with connected metering devices. In this case, the digital interfaces of metering devices can be different (RS-232, RS-485, Ethernet, USB, built-in PLC modules, etc.). Based on these interfaces, it is possible to build complex, branched circuits that integrate metering devices into digital networks (using splitters, signal amplifiers, converters of various interfaces). Such networks are connected to a computer module and can consist of several devices up to several hundred and include meters of various types of energy. The computer module, based on the protocol of exchange with each specific device, during sequential polling sets the required characteristics of speed, parity, packet size before interacting with the meter. Connection to a digital network of a new, previously unknown metering device will only require integration of an exchange command system with it into a computer module.

Such an organization of dispatching facilities allows you to connect, via digital interfaces, the regulators of the automation system of thermal, nodes such as Siemens, Danfoss and others. The exchange protocol with these regulators includes commands for obtaining all parameters of the operation of the heat point in the form of instantaneous values of the readings of the coolant temperature, fluid pressure, current schedules of the supply and return coolant, etc.

Integration of regulators into the inventive system will not only allow you to get the parameters of the engineering systems of the facility, but also remotely (via the communication channel from the control room) to change these parameters at any time, on the initiative of the dispatcher.

One of the advantages of the system is that in the event of an emergency at the facility, the claimed intelligent system will take measures to eliminate it (for example, it will shut off the water supply when it is detected and leaking, turn off the ventilation system in case of fire alarm, etc.), notification of responsible persons (for example, via voice informing, automatic redialling, SMS-informing or by e-mail) initiates an unscheduled communication with the control center for the transfer of all instant parameters of accounting systems, for counter Ole and analysis of the nature of the alarming event.

EFFECT: increased accuracy of individual accounting of actual energy consumption for each apartment / system as a whole, expansion of its functional and operational capabilities to global coverage of all life support systems while reducing consumer costs by providing more accurate individual metering, monitoring and regulation of energy consumption, process automation accounting, control and regulation of all life support systems.

The technical result is achieved by the fact that the intelligent life support automation system includes counters or signal sensors for each energy source consumed: gas, heat, hot and cold water, electricity, thermostatic valves for regulating the thermal regime, means for displaying energy information in units of their measurement, and unlike the prototype, it contains counters and sensors of signals for fire alarm, security, premises, control devices for household appliances and equipment m, devices for regulating and turning on / off the supply of each energy resource, using electronic meters with an intelligent output, a computer module that performs the functions of accounting, control and management, warning devices for events in the controlled system, devices that transmit information from the computer module via communication channels of local and / or global networks, special software based on built-in algorithms that changes the connection parameters of counters of various types and manufactures rer, as well as carrying out the union of all the necessary facilities in a single information space.

In the claimed system, the introduction into the apartment equipment of smart sensors for monitoring the parameters of heat and water supply systems, as well as apartment monitors and local concentrators, representing data collection devices with memory elements that allow collecting, displaying and monitoring information on energy consumption in each apartment and house, when used to optimize the heat consumption of a home heat meter of an individual heat point, it provides the ability to exchange information on different the level - apartment, house and system, allows the consumer to allocate an individual (apartment) and house share of energy consumption, and in conjunction with the installation of thermostatic valves in apartments - to regulate and optimize the heat supply mode, which in conjunction with the use of a computer at the central control center to perform identification functions objects of observation, storing energy consumption data and calculating the cost of energy consumed allows you to expand operational capabilities of the system, more accurately take into account the individual consumption of energy resources by the consumer and reduce consumer costs for utilities.

An essential feature of the claimed intellectual system, in contrast to the prototype, is that the control unit is based on a computer module (“KM”) consisting of a computer board (single board computer, modular computer, personal computer or laptop). When constructing a system of automation of vital processes, it is given to the use of single-board computers with low energy consumption (5-7 W) with a real-time timer, touch screen and interactive software. The use of one single-board computer with a workstation processor with a frequency of 200 MHz will allow the creation of an automated control system in a separate residential building, or the creation of a metering system for energy consumption of an apartment building. The use of more powerful processors will integrate the processing of video, audio streams and multimedia data into the system.

All equipment, devices, sensors are connected to the “KM” via digital interfaces (RS-232, RS-485, USB, Ethernet, etc.) The use of “KM” allows you to create systems with the required number of input / output ports (analog and digital) and have, at the same time, a large margin for their expansion. For example, the use of a microprocessor module with 24 I / O and ADC ports connected to the “KM” via the USB Function interface as an input / output module allows you to connect 127 such devices to one USB Host “KM” port and get 127 * 24 = 3048 I / O ports and 127 ADC ports. All of these ports are managed via the USB digital interface using a library of exchange commands.

Software can be updated automatically via the Internet or local area network. The update procedure can be performed even by an unprepared user. Connecting any equipment with a digital (computer) interface will require only a device driver from the manufacturer and a description of the system of commands for exchanging with the device (without overwriting all module software). The use of multitasking operating systems (for example, Unix-like, Windows, etc.) allows you to simultaneously perform many operations in different streams in real time (recording video, transmitting a video stream, polling sensors, receiving email messages, etc.) .d.). Management and collection of information from sensors / devices / equipment over structured cable networks, the Internet, and a radio channel will allow you to access any module of the system (both in the building and outside).

The combination of computer modules in local and distributed networks implies the possibility of integration into the claimed utility model of a video surveillance system using IP cameras, IP telephony without the use of additional equipment. At the same time, the video surveillance system is able to send video and audio data from the alarm zones of the monitoring object via communication channels to remote computers and servers in the form of video stream fragments or snapshots.

The use of Internet information resources allows you to supplement the claimed system with various service functions: receiving and displaying a weather forecast, synchronizing time with time servers, checking for letters in user mailboxes and informing the user.

System management via the integrated Web-interface allows to increase the reliability of the system due to redundancy of data transmission channels when failure of one communication channel leads to automatic switching to the backup channel (for example: Ethernet <-> Wi-fi <-> GPRS).

The construction of systems for collecting information from meter readings on the basis of the inventive system allows the use of a computer module without a display. The system can work autonomously and, according to a given schedule, exchange commands and data with metering devices and transmit the received and / or accumulated information in the indicated directions through existing communication channels (Internet, local area network, radio channel, etc.). Management and configuration of the system is done through remote access.

The method of organizing the communication channel between the computer module can be different (the connection is made with an optical cable, a wired interface or using a radio channel), and it is possible to use standard cryptographic protection tools for the transmitted information over the communication channels.

The inventive system based on a computer module is a single center for processing information and managing engineering systems and equipment of an object, which can be expanded by combining autonomous / local life-support systems into a network of interconnected objects, when the user may not realize that the film he requested to watch on multimedia - the system is physically recorded on a remote site. One computer module can be configured to control executive modules, receive meter readings, receive information from sensors from other, remote modules. The equipment, devices, executive modules and sensors of the remote modules are configured in any of the life support networks included in the network as virtual devices. In this case, the program shell itself monitors the physical location of the remote module and the device connected to it and transfers control commands and data from one module to another (house, apartment, country house, car, power supply company, etc.). The number of local and virtual devices configured to manage and exchange information in each computer module can be limited only by the amount of RAM and speed. In case of failure of the computer module, it can be temporarily replaced with any computer board, personal computer, laptop.

Functions for managing the life support system As a remote module of a computer module, a PDA or Smartphone can act through an organized communication channel (Internet (GPRS), IEEE 802.11, Bluetooth connection and others) and installed software or through a Web interface. And also through a cell phone by sending SMS messages, dialing a telephone number, switching to voice mode and interactively transmitting DTFM commands.

The management functions of the claimed intelligent system can be performed by transferring control commands to the system’s electronic mailbox (for control in this mode, it is possible to control only a small range of functions due to the sufficient vulnerability and openness of the E-mail message channels. However, the system does not read the mailbox constantly, with the Internet channel turned on and with a given frequency.

The inventive system includes a function of accounting for energy consumption with the automatic transfer of the readings of connected metering devices to control centers (power supply organizations, management company, service company). Information can be transmitted simultaneously for all types of energy in one direction or in different directions for types of energy consumption (to a service organization for all types of energy consumption, to a power supply for electricity consumption, to a heat supply organization for heat consumption, to a water utility for water consumption, to gas gas consumption service. Addressed transmission of indications can be flexibly configured). To implement the accounting function, the object must be equipped with metering devices with intelligent interfaces.

The essential features that distinguish the claimed system from the prototype also include the fact that the prototype uses an impulse system and additional pulse counting units, and in the inventive system, the entire energy consumption calculation unit is located inside energy meters / meters, calculation of indicators of final energy consumption with taking into account the consumption of common areas is not carried out in the communal controller, but the actual energy consumption for each meter is transferred to the energy sales company, which produces the final charging for use of energy while avoiding the calculation unit consumption obschedomovogo controller level.

The inventive utility model is illustrated by the images in figures 1-8:

figure 1 is a functional diagram where

1 - computer module ("KM");

2 - microprocessor input-output modules;

3 - providing the control function of relay modules, various devices, household appliances;

4 - lighting;

5 - at the command "KM" and receiving a change in the state of various sensors;

6 - relay modules (turning on / off equipment / devices);

7 - electric energy meters (single-phase and / or three-phase) (7);

8 - heat energy meters;

9 - water flow meters;

10 - gas flow meters;

11 - controllers control the thermal nodes of buildings;

12 - USB interface splitters (HUB-USB with external power supply) for connecting interface converters, input-output modules (2), Wi-Fi,

13 - telephone modems (analog / GSM / GPRS), - IP / GSM phones, video stream converters / IP video cameras, other peripheral equipment and household appliances (3) with a USB interface);

14 - uninterruptible power supply;

15 - power supply and voltage converters for a computer module, sensors, peripherals (+/- 5/9/12 / 15V);

16 - a local area network of an object for creating a computer network of an object, connecting a wired Internet, computers and printing devices, scanning;

17 - video cameras and video surveillance systems, ADSL modem access points, WI-Fi access points (12);

18 - hubs and routers;

19 - network screens, household appliances and other equipment with an Ethernet interface;

20 - access systems;

21 - multimedia systems;

figure 2 - organization of control and prevention of water leakage in the room;

figure 3 - implementation diagram of the relay modules;

figure 4 - graphs of hourly readings of energy meters;

5 is a block diagram of a software algorithm for obtaining readings from the meter;

6, 7 - implementation diagrams of an automated heating unit of a building;

Fig. 8 is a diagram of a visual display of the operation parameters of a thermal unit.

An example implementation of the proposed technical solution. The operation of the inventive intelligent system (figure 1) is implemented as follows. The intelligent system consists of a computer module (“KM”) (1); microprocessor input-output modules (2), which provide functions for controlling relay modules, various devices, household appliances (3), lighting (4), at the command of “KM” and receiving state changes of various sensors (5); relay modules (turning on / off equipment / devices) (6); electric energy meters (single-phase and / or three-phase) (7); heat energy meters (8); water flow meters (9); gas flow meters (10); controllers for controlling thermal units of buildings (11); USB interface splitters (HUB-USB with external power supply) (12). For connecting interface converters, input-output modules (2), Wi-Fi (12), telephone modems (analog / GSM / GPRS) (13), IP / GSM phones (14), video stream / IP video converters, other peripheral equipment and household appliances (3) with a USB interface); GSM modem / cell phone (13) (for exchanging SMS messages, organizing a GPRS communication channel); uninterruptible power supply (14); power supply and voltage converters for a computer module, sensors, peripherals (+/- 5/9/12 / 15V) (15); equipment of a local area network of an object (16) for creating a computer network of an object, connecting a wired Internet network, computers and printing devices, scanning, access points, Wi-Fi access points (12), hubs (18), ADSL modem (17), routers (18), firewalls (19), household appliances and other equipment with an Ethernet interface; access systems (20); video cameras and video surveillance systems (17); multimedia systems (21).

The computer module (“KM”) is the core of the system and is installed in a building, apartment, office, country house, car (hereinafter referred to as the object). KM using various interfaces (for example, GPIO, SPI, I2C, USB, RS-232, RS-485, Ethernet, wiring, etc.) connect peripheral devices, household appliances, monitoring sensors and status sensors, systems lighting, air conditioning and ventilation, energy metering devices, communication modules, local computer network, relay modules, video surveillance systems, multimedia systems, control modules for the X10 protocol, radio control modules, etc.

The core of the system.

“KM” (1) - a computer module in conjunction with installed software performs the role of a connecting and control element between all devices connected to it. “KM” (1) is a computer with a real-time timer installed by the operating system (Windows 7, Windows Vista, Windows XP, Windows CE 5.0, Windows CE 6.0, Linux, Unix-like and others). To create a compact model with a small set of functions, a single-board computer based on an AWP processor with a processor frequency of 200 MHz, a real-time timer and 64 MB RAM installed by the Windows CE / Lunix operating system and others is used. To organize the connection of devices and equipment, the computer must have a certain set of interfaces, which may include:

- VGA - display connection;

- HDMI ports;

- Ethernet - connection to a computer network, ADSl modem, HUB, hub, router, firewall of other cable equipment;

- RS-232, RS-485;

- audio interface (line output);

- USB host;

- GPIO I / O ports;

- SPI - synchronous serial interface;

- I2C - used to work with a real-time timer

- slot for connecting MicroSD / SD cards;

- TFT LCD - connection of the LCD display;

- touch screen interface Touch Screen;

- PS / 2 - keyboard, mouse (used in the absence of Touch Screen or in debug mode);

- IDE, SATA - connection of external hard drives / CF cards; and etc.

The use of an IBM PC family PC board with expansion buses (such as PCI) as a “KM” will allow you to install the necessary interface expansion cards and, if necessary, upgrade (UPGRADE) boards (replacement of accessories)

The use of single-board, embedded computers (AWP type processors) allows for low power consumption (5-7 W) of the “KM”, it has all the necessary interfaces for organizing the system on one board, it is silent since does not require a processor cooling module. It should be borne in mind that the possibility of expanding the amount of RAM, replacing the processor, increasing the clock frequency of the processor, replacing interfaces, replacing the operating system on these boards will be either difficult or impossible. A single board computer must have a USB host output.

The use of modern modular computers (Modular Computer) with small sizes, low power consumption, a powerful processor, a wide range of interfaces, the ability to install: various operating systems is an ideal solution for organizing the system core.

Connecting new equipment to KM should be accompanied by recording the manufacturer’s drivers and setting them up in the operating system. For some specialized devices (I / O card with USB interface, USB-Wi-Fi), it may be necessary to develop drivers for certain operating systems or make changes to existing ones (Windows CE, Lunix).

Device management.

The computer module is equipped with a built-in real-time timer, which, with a specified time interval, polls all the microprocessor-based I / O port control modules connected to it, buses with connected sensors and devices. Depending on the design of the microprocessor I / O module, devices and sensors, their connection to the computer module can be performed through the following interfaces: GPIO, SPI, I2C, USB, RS-232, RS-485, Ethernet, wiring, etc. When activity is detected on the input line of the microprocessor module or when a signal changes in its state from sensors or devices, the KM software performs the function laid down in the program. The following example explains the situation described: when water appears on the contacts of the leakage sensor, a circuit is closed, voltage appears on the input line of the microcontroller. The software of the computer module detects a change in the state on this line and issues a command to the microprocessor module or the “SHUT” device to supply water to the room where the leak is detected. As a device shutting off the water supply, there may be an electromagnetic valve or an electric ball valve. At the same time, the control functions of these devices are different: the electromagnetic valve will block the water when the voltage is removed from the electromagnet, and the ball valve is activated by applying voltage. Moreover, the supply voltage of the devices can be either direct current or alternating current. To interact with the voltage levels of microcontrollers, relay modules are used (4). Which, upon receipt of control voltage, remove or supply voltage to the actuators. In some devices, such control modules can be built-in, or contain a control module that accepts digital interface commands for a given device from a computer / microprocessor module to change state (turn on / off, open / close, and others).

The diagram (figure 2) shows an example: the organization of control leaks correction by electromagnetic valves. When liquid enters between the leakage sensors, the optocoupler opens and passes current to the input of the I / O microcontroller. The KM software in the polling mode of the I / O microcontroller determines the appearance of an active level at input 1 / O8, sets a programmed delay, after which if the active level at the input has not changed, sends a command to the I / O microcontroller to disconnect output line 1/09, the power supply (+ 12V) of the electromagnetic modules is stopped, the valve return mechanisms block the water supply.

To control devices / household appliances, it is possible to control relay modules (Fig. 3) installed in 220 V power sockets. An electromagnetic relay or relay module opto-relay should be designed for the switched voltage and the amount of current flowing through it. A signal / control command for switching on can be given via wiring, cable channel, radio channel, etc. As a device / appliance management system, the LanDrive / LanDrive2 bus topology of the RS-485 network can be used using the Modbus / RTU protocol. The RS-485 bus is connected to the “KM” using the USB-RS-485 interface converter. With this organization of the device network, up to 247 devices (sensors, relay modules) can be connected to one bus. All modules connected to the bus (such as LD2-R1000D, LD2-THD, LD2-4IND, LD-LS) have outputs for connecting +/- 12 V and RS-485 bus outputs, are controlled and interrogated by the program library. In complex control and management circuits, mixed connection schemes are implemented.

Algorithm for exchanging data with connected devices.

Communication “KM” (1) with devices is provided in the mode of transmitting commands and receiving a response in the form of data or command execution code. The formation of a package of commands and analysis of received packets during data exchange with devices is carried out directly on the "KM" (1). The generated command packet is sent to the device with a pause after each command to wait for a response packet. If an error occurs, the device is busy, the packet transmission is repeated, the number of attempts set for this device is repeated. The response from the device is received by "KM" and the response from the device is parsed. This operation algorithm allows you to quickly build a system based on almost any device with support for various interfaces, because the entire protocol for exchanging data with devices is implemented on “KM” (1) in the form of separate program libraries describing commands and the format of the received packet for each device and does not require software replacement.

Getting readings from metering devices.

The inventive intelligent system in conjunction with special software has a built-in system for cyclic interrogation of metering devices (7, 8, 9, 10) (Fig. 1). To organize the accounting of resource consumption of an object, the connection schemes of one meter (group of meters) for each type of energy or an extensive network of metering devices in a building (group of buildings) are used.

For each type of connected metering devices (7, 8, 9, 10) (Fig. 1), a library of control and data acquisition commands is developed. Depending on the intelligent interface of the meter, the following options are available for connecting meters to a computer module:

- metering devices with pulse output; in this case, the meter is connected to a pulse counter or to a device for collecting and transmitting readings (USPD) with a built-in pulse counter function. The connection is made with an optical cable, a wired interface or using a radio channel. The pulse counter or USPD are connected to the computer module via any available interface (RS-232, RS-485, USB, GPRS, Ethernet). Depending on the selected interface and the required number of meters, the connection of pulse counters or DRC is performed both locally and through the organization of a network of meters with the topology of a bus or a star. Low reliability of operation;

- metering devices with RS-232 output. The meter is connected to the RS-232 port of the computer module, or the RS-485 bus topology is organized and a group of counters are connected to the bus via RS-232-RS-485 interface converters, then the bus is connected to the computer module via the RS-485 to RS-interface converter 232 / USB / Ethernet;

- metering devices with RS-485 output. Like RS-232, only the connection is made to the RS-485 port of the computer module, or through a network bus topology and converters to the desired interface;

- metering devices with Ethernet output, metering device has an internal configurable IP address, connects to a local Ethernet network;

- metering devices (7, 8, 9, 10) (Fig. 1) with a PLC modem; at the same time, the meter has a built-in PLC modem. Data is exchanged using the available 220 volt wiring. To organize data exchange with metering devices, it is necessary to install a PLC modem on each phase of a three-phase network. This type of connection allows you to combine a group of counters of each phase of a three-phase network into information networks and sequentially poll all the counters in each branch of such a network;

- metering devices (7, 8, 9, 10) (figure 1) with different types of output interfaces. Mixed options for connecting metering devices through interface converters and integration into information network buses are possible.

The software must specify the connection port, type of device / devices and the period of cyclic polling (1 minute, 5 minutes, ... 1 hour, etc.).

The role of the computer module is to obtain meter readings, instrument operation parameters and energy quality, accumulate received data and transmit in real time to the servers of energy supply companies, the manager’s computer, etc. When transmitting the readings of metering devices (7, 8, 9, 10) (Fig. 1), an Internet connection (22) (Fig. 1) is created with remote objects or a local area connection (16) (Fig. 1), SOCKET is organized TCP / IP If there is no connection, the accumulated information is sent to the indicated addresses by e-mail. The setup of the system allows you to accumulate all the data obtained in the connected local and remote databases and display the result in tabular form and in the form of graphs (figure 4). The complex keeps track of the consumption of all connected objects, allows you to view consumption schedules and controls the set parameters and the quality of incoming energy. The use of electric energy metering devices (7) (Fig. 1) with a relay module (for example, manufactured by Energomera LLC, NPK INCOTEX LLC, etc.) provides for the possibility of remote limitation of energy and power consumption or disconnection of an object from energy consumption.

The software cyclically, sequentially polls metering devices with a specified interval between cycles or according to an entered schedule. On one segment of the metering device network, there can be devices of different types / brands for metering different types of energy, but with the same interface output, provided that the interface technology allows metering devices to be connected to a bus or network (RS-485, Ethernet, radio channel and others ) The use of computer technology, unlike microcontrollers, allows you to include any device with an electronic interface and an open (manufacturer of the device) protocol of exchange commands in the data / command exchange system. When using physical or virtual serial ports (COM), when exchanging data with metering devices, the serial port settings may differ, you must take this into account when writing a library of exchange commands with each counter. The program exchange procedure should begin by checking the port opening and setting the parameters required for this meter (exchange rate, parity, number of stop bits and others). The flowchart of the interrogation procedure of the counters is shown in the diagram (Fig. 5).

The procedure for reading data from the meter can begin or end with an optional procedure for writing the necessary parameters to the meter (correction of the instrument’s time according to the “KM” clock or time server, setting of tariff plans, limits, commands for switching the instrument off or on and others).

Automation of control and management of the heating system (Fig.6, 7). can be built using various electronic controllers (11). As an example, the connection description and control principles of the Danfoss ECL Comfort electronic controller (11) are given. ECL Comfort-electronic temperature controllers, which are used in various schemes of heat supply systems for individual buildings, apartment buildings and office buildings. The operation of the controller is based on the implementation of the program and adjustable parameters, which is recorded on the control card. The program operation parameters can be changed autonomously from the remote control on the front panel of the device and through remote software when connecting the device to automated systems via interface / communication channels. ECL Comfort has an integrated RS-232 communication module on the front panel of the device (under the cover) or an additional slot for installing an expansion card module. Connection to “KM” is carried out via RS-232 or through an installed expansion card. The use of Modbus ECA71 expansion cards allows the ECL controllers to be connected to a standard RS-485 or Modbus RTU bus, so that the controller can be networked with other devices that support RS-485 bus connection. At the same time, the process, with the combined devices in this way, must be separated in time and cannot be simultaneous.

The controller has thyristor inputs for controlling actuators of control valves and relay outputs for controlling pumps or burner devices of boilers. The controller has six outputs for connecting temperature sensors, remote panels and an additional relay module. The control cards C14-C75, A00, L10-L62 contain various program algorithms for controlling the controllers, and therefore ECL Comfort controllers can be used in air heating systems, control systems for burner devices, central heating systems for controlling valves and pumps of heating circuits and hot water supply, floor heating systems to control the flow temperature. In this case, the choice of a control card is determined by the existing heat supply scheme. Thus, the ECL controller (11) is an autonomous heat supply control system for the facility. The task of the software module of the intelligent system is to organize a dispatching system and control the heating system by adjusting the controller parameters and adjusting the comfort temperature in the room.

To implement the management and scheduling functions, programmatic reading and changing of the following ECL Comfort controller parameters is available (table).

Using a software exchange library with ECL Comfort (11) allows you to build a dispatch system for the operation of the heat supply system and monitor it in accordance with the parameters set by the user (Fig. 8).

Event processing is carried out as follows: the system monitors the status of all connected engineering systems of the object. When an alarm event is detected, the programmed action assigned to this event occurs (implementation examples):

- a change in the state of the leakage sensor (23) - “leakage” is detected, a pause of N-seconds is set, a repeat of the status request, with a positive repeat “KM” (1) generates a command to the electromagnetic valves “CLOSE VALVE”, turns on the audio system (21) and plays alarm message, SMS message “LEAKAGE” is generated, SMS messages are sent to the specified phone numbers or dialing and voice notification are made (13);

- a change in the state of the alarm loopback sensors has been detected, an N-second pause is set, the status request is repeated, with a positive repeat “KM” generates a command to turn on “SIREN” (24) (X-seconds), turns on the audio system (21) and plays an alarm message , an SMS message “LEAKAGE” is generated, SMS messages are sent to the indicated phone numbers or dialing and voice notification are made (13);

- a change in the state of the sensor of the entrance door of the object, “DOOR-CORRIDOR” (20), “KM” generates a command to turn on “LIGHT CORRIDOR” (25) for X-seconds;

- in the monitoring mode (object security mode is off), a change in the state of the motion sensor in the room is detected, “KM” checks the allowable processing time for this event, the event falls into the “NIGHT” phase, “KM” (1) generates a command to turn on “LIGHT-KITCHEN” (25) for X-seconds;

- the light “LIGHT-KITCHEN” (25) turned on, “KM” (1) forms a command to close the “CURTAINS-KITCHEN”;

- the user transferred the object from the “SURVEILLANCE” mode to the “SECURITY” mode, “KM” (1) generates the “ENERGY OFF” command for all relay and executive modules programmed for this event (lighting, water supply), signals devices not turned off ( the action of which is not programmed for this event), puts the heating system in economy mode;

- the user transferred the object to the “PRESENCE” mode of operation, “KM” generates commands to turn on / off “LIGHT-CORRIDOR” (25), close / open “BLINDS-HALL” and others according to a given schedule, to organize the effect of the presence of people in the room;

- an SMS message from a programmed user number or a command message via a SOCKET connection (16) from a remote object was received by a GSM modem (13), “KM” checks the user password, parses the message and executes commands from the message text (the “INTERNET” command was received -LOCK "," KM "will turn off the Internet connection channel (22) and block the button for turning it on -" parent lock function ");

- the user has turned on the “PROJECTOR”, “KM” generates the commands: close “CURTAINS-HALL”, “EMPTY SCREEN”, turn off “LIGHT-HALL”;

- the return temperature of the heating medium coolant goes beyond the set permissible limits within N-minutes, “KM” generates an audio message, turns on the audio system (21) and plays an alarm message, “TRANSFER” SMS message is generated, SMS messages are sent to the indicated phone numbers or dialing and voice notification (13);

- the room temperature goes beyond the set permissible limits for N-minutes, "KM" generates the message "TEMPERATURE BELOW THE NORM" ("TEMPERATURE ABOVE THE NORM");

- the time has come, coinciding in the date and time in the reminder database, “KM” generates an audio message, turns on the audio system (21) and plays it (“PASS CAR SERVICE”, “DR AT A FRIEND” and ...);

- the time has come that coincides in the date and time with the event in the base of actions - “MONTHLY HEAT CONSUMPTION LIST”, “KM” generates a monthly statement of heat consumption of the facility and sends it to the specified e-mail addresses.

Thus, the event of any sensor can be programmed for any action and any action to perform additional actions, subject to certain conditions. Scenarios can be all kinds of and take into account various execution conditions.

Weather widget.

To implement the various functions of the system, it is necessary to use weather forecasting procedures. To implement this function, a software algorithm for obtaining a weather forecast from the site of the weather informer can be applied.

Compared with the prototype, the claimed system allows more accurately take into account the individual consumption of energy resources, and the intelligent system of individual metering and regulation of energy consumption in the housing and communal services has wider operational capabilities for managing livelihoods while reducing consumer costs by improving the accuracy of individual metering of energy resources. The inventive system can be widely used in public utilities.

Table. TABLE OF PARAMETERS AVAILABLE FOR READING AND PROGRAMMING THE ECL COMFORT CONTROLLER PARAMETER Act Note Temperature sensor 6 Parameter Read Only Return temperature sensor for hot water Temperature sensor 5 Parameter Read Only Hot water supply temperature sensor Temperature sensor 4 Parameter Read Only Return temperature sensor Temperature sensor 3 Parameter Read Only Temperature sensor in the heating supply pipe Temperature sensor 2 Parameter Read Only Indoor temperature sensor Temperature sensor 1 Parameter Read Only Outdoor temperature sensor Estimated heating medium temperature Parameter Read Only Estimated temperature of the heating medium of the DHW circuit Parameter Read Only Estimated coolant temperature on the return pipe of the heating circuit Parameter Read Only Estimated coolant temperature on the return pipe of the DHW circuit Parameter Read Only Room temperature for heating circuit Parameter Read Only Room temperature for domestic hot water circuit Parameter Read Only PROGRAMMABLE PARAMETERS The effect of maximum room temperature on the heating circuit Read / write The effect of the minimum room temperature on the heating circuit Read / write Influence of the maximum room temperature on the DHW circuit Read / write Influence of the minimum room temperature on the DHW circuit Read / write

Heating slope Read / write Dependence of the temperature of the coolant in the supply pipe on the outside temperature Heating graph offset Read / write Shift of the graph relative to the axis of the outside air temperature Minimum heating medium temperature Read / write Minimum DHW temperature Read / write Maximum heating medium temperature Read / write Maximum DHW temperature Read / write Setting the summer mode of the heating circuit Read / write Setting the DHW summer mode Read / write Daytime Indoor Temperature Read / write Night temperature indoors Read / write DHW temperature in the DHW circuit Read / write DHW temperature at night Read / write Weekly temperature program Read / write Note: it should be noted that the read-only parameters indicated in the table have instantaneous values and reflect only the current state of operation of the heat supply system.

Claims (3)

1. An intelligent life-support automation system, including metering devices, meters and sensors for each energy source consumed: gas, heat, hot and cold water, electricity, additionally installed control devices for regulating the thermal regime and a means of displaying information about the consumed energy resources in units of their measurement, characterized in that it contains electronic meters with an intelligent output, a computer module that performs the functions of accounting, control and management, devices for walk and turn on / off the supply of each energy resource, a notification device about events in the controlled system, devices that provide information from the computer module via communication channels of local and / or global networks, special software based on built-in algorithms that changes the connection parameters of meters of different types and manufacturers, combining all the necessary objects into a single information space. 2. The intelligent system according to claim 1, characterized in that it contains counters and sensors of signals for fire alarms, room security, control devices for household appliances and equipment for security, fire alarms, household appliances. 3. The intelligent system according to claim 1, characterized in that it contains intelligent signal sensors and device control devices for monitoring emergency situations, video surveillance, IP-telephony, automatic irrigation and other life support equipment.