RU107711U1 - TECHNOLOGICAL LINE FOR DRY PROCESSING INORGANIC RAW MATERIALS WITH PRODUCTION OF MULTIFUNCTIONAL MICRO- AND NANOPOWDERS - Google Patents

Abstract

 1. A production line, including equipment installed during the process and interconnected by transporting mechanisms in the technological chain, characterized in that the equipment is conditionally divided into three blocks, namely, a drying unit, including a drying chamber and an aspiration system, a grinding and classification unit comprising a centrifugal mill, at least two classifiers, a cyclone precipitator and a bag filter, as well as a deep processing unit including microclassification units, an ultra unit fine and / or nano-grinding, with individual blocks made with the possibility of ensuring the yield of finished products and equipped with packaging units. ! 2. The production line according to claim 1, characterized in that the production line is additionally equipped with a crushing unit for preparing the material for drying and subsequent grinding. ! 3. The production line according to claim 2, characterized in that the crushing unit is configured to provide output of finished products and is equipped with a node for sorting finished products. ! 4. The production line according to claim 2, characterized in that the crushing unit contains sequentially installed devices for large and medium crushing and screening. ! 5. The production line according to claim 2, characterized in that the crushing unit comprises a hopper feeder arranged in series, designed to receive material with a particle size of up to 1000 mm, a coarse crushing unit, preferably a jaw crusher, a medium crushing unit, preferably a cone crusher and a sorting unit. ! 6. The production line according to claim 1, characterized in that the unit aspiration system

Description

The utility model relates to devices for crushing, grinding, classification and enrichment of mineral raw materials, and can be used in the processing of rock mass balance and off-balance in terms of reserves and quality of mineral raw materials of solid mineral deposits, processing of current and stale crushing waste, current and stale tailings in areas with developed mining, mining, metallurgical and mining chemical industries, industrial wastes of metallurgical enterprises, before perceptions of chemical and other industries.

In Russia, there are quite a few lines for the production of micropowders of marble, mica, talc, barite, gypsum and a number of other components. All these lines are designed for the production of micropowders exclusively from selectively extracted, that is, initially high quality, raw materials. Stocks of such raw materials are limited and enterprises, as they are exhausted, gradually switch to the production of low-quality commercial products. The existing lines are mainly focused on the processing of imported raw materials, which have been previously prepared for further processing, which on the one hand facilitates the process of obtaining marketable products, but on the other hand, the absence of our own raw materials base and remoteness from sources of raw materials leads to an increase in production costs and a limited range of products commercial products.

The main disadvantage of the known lines is the direct dependence of the quality of manufactured products on the quality of the feedstock. Harmful mineral impurities, falling into the grinding chamber, are practically not removed from the process or are removed with a small amount of aspiration products. Which leads to a loss of quality of the final commercial products.

A device for grinding and separating materials is known, comprising a material feed hopper, a feeder, an inertial cone crusher, a drum mill, an electric mass classifier, electrical insulating sleeves and a finished product dispenser (see, for example, Patent RU 2099143 C1, 12.20.1997, B02C 19 / eighteen).

The disadvantages of this device are the low productivity and low quality of products during processing of raw materials with a high content of harmful impurities.

Closest to the claimed technological line is a technological line for the production of micropowders, which includes a number of units and equipment installed along the process and interconnected by transporting mechanisms in the technological chain and consisting of a receiving hopper, a conveyor for feeding material, a centrifugal impact grinding mill , a blower fan, a classifier, cyclones, a bag filter and a hopper for the delivery of finished products (see, for example, RU 38452 U1, 06/20/2004, B02C 19/00).

The disadvantages of this production line are:

- the inability to obtain products of narrow classes with a homogeneous mineral and chemical composition due to the impossibility of a phased withdrawal of harmful impurities from the process stream;

- a relatively low degree of grinding of raw materials;

- the impossibility of obtaining homogeneous powders of an ultrafine class due to the lack of deep processing units (microclassification, enrichment and separation of ultrafine and nanoscale powders).

The proposed line allows in a single technological process to obtain 5 groups of marketable products of various size classes: lumpy, grain, powder, fine, nanoscale. Moreover, the technological units that make up the line can work both in a single stream, processing specific raw materials, as well as autonomous.

The advantage of the proposed line is the possibility of phased removal of harmful mineral impurities from the process stream due to additional classification nodes. As a result of additional nodes of the classification and change of transport and suction ducts, the efficiency of the entire technological scheme increases and the quality of marketable products improves. 2-variant hardware layout allows you to adjust the circuit depending on the density of the extracted useful components.

The proposed layout of the processing line allows you to solve the following tasks:

- increasing the degree of grinding of mineral raw materials to the nanoscale class without using sophisticated technologies (laser evaporation, plasma technology, electric explosion method, chemical synthesis method);

- the possibility of obtaining from a single production line a significant number of powder products of narrow classes with a homogeneous mineral and chemical composition;

- the use, depending on the processed raw materials, of at least a three-stage classification that is not used in any of the existing production lines and allows using not only high-quality raw materials, whose reserves are limited, but also ordinary, as well as traditionally substandard, off-balance raw materials qualitative and quantitative indicators of deposits;

- the rational use of subsurface resources and the improvement of the ecological situation within the mining allotments of historically established mining and processing enterprises.

The problem is solved due to the fact that in the production line, including equipment installed in accordance with the technological process and interconnected by transporting mechanisms in the technological chain, according to the technical solution, the equipment is conditionally divided into three blocks, namely, a drying unit, including a drying chamber and an aspiration system, a grinding and classification unit comprising a centrifugal mill, at least two classifiers, a cyclone precipitator and a bag filter, as well as a depth unit Coy processing comprising mikroklassifikatsii nodes, the node microfine and / or nano-grinding, the individual blocks are configured to provide the output of finished product and provided with packing units.

The line can be additionally equipped with a crushing unit designed to prepare the material for drying and subsequent grinding.

The crushing unit can be made with the possibility of ensuring the yield of finished products and is equipped with a node for sorting finished products.

The crushing unit may contain sequentially installed devices for large and medium crushing and screening.

The crushing unit may contain a hopper-feeder arranged in series, designed to receive material with a particle size of up to 1000 mm, a coarse crushing unit, preferably a jaw crusher, a medium crushing unit, preferably a cone crusher and a sorting unit.

The aspiration system of the drying unit may include a cyclone precipitator, a bag filter and an aspiration fan.

The grinding and classification unit can be made with the possibility of ensuring the conclusion from the technological process of minerals and mineral aggregates of relatively low density and contains two classifiers made by centrifugal, as well as an additional vibrating screen.

The grinding and classification unit can be configured to ensure that minerals and mineral aggregates characterized by a relatively high density are withdrawn from the technological process, moreover, one of its classifiers is made centrifugal, and the other is made in the form of a combined three-product gravity classifier.

Transporting mechanisms can be made in the form of pneumatic conveying, equipped with transport fans, roller-free and belt conveyors, chain elevator.

The microclassification unit of a deep processing unit can be made in the form of parallel-connected electro-classifiers.

One of the parallel-connected electro-classifiers can be supplemented with an ultrafine grinding unit.

The deep processing unit can be additionally equipped with electrostatic and / or electromagnetic and / or triboelectric separators for the enrichment and classification of ultrafine powder materials.

The technical result provided by the given set of essential features is the possibility of processing mineral raw materials with various physical and mechanical properties by changing the transport direction of the processed material, obtaining at each stage of processing of marketable products, which at the same time is an intermediate product (industrial product) for subsequent stages of processing, stage-by-stage removal of harmful mineral impurities from the process stream due to additional nodes classifications placed in the grinding and classification unit and the deep processing unit, which also makes it possible to obtain from the same production line the required amount of powder products of narrow classes with a uniform mineral and chemical composition, increase the degree of grinding of mineral raw materials to a nanoscale class with an increase in the quality of marketable products without using complex and expensive technologies (laser evaporation, plasma technologies, electric explosion method, chemical synthesis method ) due to the inclusion in the line of a deep processing unit, including microclassification units and an ultrafine and nano-grinding unit, as well as a significant expansion of the range of marketable products, due to the possibility of its receipt at the exit from each unit of the processing line.

The production line, according to an independent claim, consists of equipment installed during the technological process and interconnected by transporting mechanisms in the technological chain, and the equipment is conditionally divided into three blocks, namely, a drying unit, including a drying chamber and an aspiration system, a grinding unit and classifications, including a centrifugal mill, at least two classifiers, a cyclone precipitator and a bag filter, as well as a deep processing unit, including microclass nodes ation, the node microfine and / or nano-grinding, the individual blocks are configured to provide the output of finished product and provided with packing units.

The work of the production line according to an independent claim is as follows.

The source rocks, which are not raw materials for the production of crushed stone, as well as raw materials from processing tailings are fed to the drying unit to prepare material of a certain moisture content for the purpose of its efficient processing in the grinding and classification unit. The coarsest particles and finest material are concentrated in the aspiration system of the drying unit, and the dust free air is emitted into the atmosphere, and the products of the aspiration system that are in demand are fed to the packaging unit of the finished product.

In the block of grinding and classification, depending on the physicomechanical properties of the recovered material, mineral raw materials are processed. After drying in the drying chamber, the raw material is sent to a centrifugal mill for grinding, from the centrifugal mill all the material is fed to one of the classifiers, from which a fine fraction is fed to the cyclone precipitator, and the coarse class is fed to the second classifier. The coarsest class as waste tailings is removed from the technological process, the middle class is sent to a centrifugal mill for regrinding, and the thin one is returned to the classifier.

The material from the cyclone precipitator is a commercial product and is fed to the packaging unit. A thin class from the cyclone precipitator enters the bag filter, in which it is concentrated in a marketable product of higher quality and is also fed to the packaging unit.

The products of the cyclone precipitator and / or bag filter can be sent to the deep processing unit to obtain ultrafine powder materials with a narrow range of fineness.

The crushed material obtained in the grinding and classification unit is fed to the deep processing unit. The products of the classifier and the cyclone-precipitator enter the microclassification units for subsequent grinding and separation of the material into fractions according to the specified parameters, after which the fine powders of narrow classes of fineness in the form of marketable products arrive at the packaging unit. After microclassification, the bag filter products enter the ultrafine grinding unit in order to obtain ultrafine and nanopowder materials, and then in the form of finished products to the packaging unit.

The use of the production line, to the extent of an independent claim, ensures the achievement of a technical result, namely, the possibility of processing mineral raw materials with various physical and mechanical properties and obtaining marketable products at each stage of processing, the possibility of phasing out harmful mineral impurities from the process stream and receiving technological line of the required number of powder products of narrow classes with a homogeneous mineral and chemical composition, increasing the degree and grinding of mineral raw materials to nano-sized class with an increase in the quality of commercial products, as well as a significant expansion of the range of commercial products.

The technical solution is illustrated by graphic material that does not cover and, moreover, does not limit the entire scope of the claims of this technical solution. The proposed production line is schematically depicted in one of the options for its implementation, namely, with an additional unit included in its composition - a crushing unit. Moreover, in this diagram, solid lines indicate the movement of the material, dash-dotted lines indicate the movement of the dust-air mixture, and double dash-dotted lines indicate the movement of the dust-air mixture when removing material with a relatively low particle density.

A technological line for dry processing of inorganic raw materials to produce multifunctional micro- and nanopowders consists of technological units indicated by a dotted line in the diagram: crushing unit - I, drying unit - II, grinding and classification unit - III and microclassification, enrichment and ultrafine grinding unit - IV installed during the process and interconnected by transporting mechanisms.

Block I consists of a hopper-feeder 1, a large crushing jaw crusher 2, a belt conveyor 3, a cone crusher 9, a belt conveyor 8 and a gravel sorting unit 7.

Block II consists of a drying chamber 10, a packaging unit 6, a rollerless conveyor 11, and an aspiration system including a group cyclone precipitator 4, a bag filter 5, and an aspiration fan 5a.

Block III consists of a vibrating screen 12, a conveyor belt 13, a classifier fan 14, a static centrifugal classifier 15, a chain elevator 16, a mill fan 17, a centrifugal mill 18, a dynamic centrifugal classifier 19, a group cyclone precipitator 20, a transport fan 20a, a bag filter 21, transport fan 21a, combined three-product gravity classifier 22, fan 23, packaging unit 24, roller-free conveyors 25, 26, 27.

Block IV consists of electro-classifiers 28, 29, 30, an ultrafine and nano-grinding unit 31, and a packaging unit 32.

In block 1, the initial mineral raw materials are crushed and sorted, and crushed stone fractions of -70 + 40, -65 + 25, -40 + 20, -20 + 5 mm and lump stone material -100 + 70 mm are obtained. The feedstock is fed through a hopper-feeder 1 to a coarse crushing unit - a jaw crusher 2, after which the -200 mm fraction material is fed through a conveyor belt 3 to a small crushing unit - a cone crusher 9, where the crushing of the raw material into -20 + 20 mm fractions takes place and by means of a belt conveyor 8, the material of the +20 mm fraction is fed to the crushed stone sorting unit 7, and the material of the fraction is -20 mm into the drying chamber 10, while the material of the +200 mm fraction is returned for completion.

Screenings crushing (fraction -5 mm) are fed to the II block of the production line. The source rocks, which by their physical and mechanical properties are not the raw materials for the production of crushed stone and intended only for the production of powder materials, depending on the size, are fed to the coarse or fine crushing unit and, bypassing the sorting unit, are fed to block II.

When processing tailings, the latter are fed for drying, bypassing block I.

In block II of drying, the preparation of crushed material of a certain moisture content (0.5-1.5%) is provided with the aim of its effective grinding and classification in block III. In the cyclone-precipitator 4, the coarsest particles of the dust extraction unit of the crushing, sorting, transporting unit I and exhaust gases of the drying chamber 10 are concentrated. The finer material is concentrated in the bag filter 5, and the dust free air is emitted into the atmosphere using an aspiration fan 5a, and In-demand aspiration system products are fed by a roller-free conveyor 11 to the finished product packaging unit 6.

The suction products of I-II blocks are characterized by the presence of a significant amount of natural harmful impurities (clay and carbonaceous clay minerals with iron hydroxides). Their timely withdrawal from further processing will ensure a higher quality of the final product.

In block III, depending on the physicomechanical properties of the extracted material, the mineral raw materials are processed in two versions.

During processing according to option 1, the main task is to maximize and timely withdrawal from the process of minerals and mineral aggregates of relatively low density. For example, upon receipt of barite micropowders, it is necessary to ensure that oxides of iron, quartz, calcite, clay particles and other minerals with a relatively low density are removed from the process.

For this, after drying in the drying chamber 10, finely crushed material is fed to a vibrating screen 12 with a sieve size of 5 (3) mm, the sieve material is fed to a static centrifugal classifier 15. Material with a particle size of less than 0.1-0.16 mm is removed from the further processing using a suction fan 5a. Coarse material with a particle size greater than 0.1 mm after centrifugal classification in classifier 15 is fed through a chain elevator 16 to a centrifugal mill 18. From a centrifugal mill 18 material with a particle size of less than 0.071 mm is sent to a dynamic centrifugal classifier 19, and the rough product of a dynamic centrifugal classifier 19 of class -0.071 + 0.040 mm is used either as a finished product, or is sent for re-grinding in a centrifugal mill 18. Thin class -0.040 mm dynamic centrifugal classifier 19 through the transport duct enters the group cyclone-precipitator 20, in the hopper of which the class -0.040 + 0.005 mm is concentrated, which is a commercial product. The class -0.005 mm from the cyclone-precipitator 20 enters the bag filter 21, in which relatively denser particles, which are a commercial product, are concentrated. The dust-free air through a closed duct is fed into a centrifugal mill 18 and a dynamic centrifugal classifier 19.

Depending on the challenges facing the production, the products of the cyclone precipitator 20 and / or bag filter 21 can be sent for deep processing to block IV to obtain ultrafine powder materials with a narrow particle size range.

During the processing of the material according to option 2, the main task is the timely and maximum withdrawal from the process of minerals and mineral aggregates, characterized by a relatively high density. For example, in the separation of talc, micaceous and clay minerals, it is necessary to maximally remove such minerals as magnetite, iron hydroxides sulfides, magnesite, etc.

For this, after drying in the drying chamber 10, finely crushed material is fed to a vibrating screen 12 with a sieve size of 5 (3) mm, material of class + 5-20 mm is conveyed by grinding conveyor 13 to grinding in an impact-centrifugal mill 18, from the centrifugal mill 18 the whole the material enters the dynamic centrifugal classifier 19, from which a fine fraction through the duct is fed to the group cyclone-precipitator 20. The coarse class from the classifier 19 is fed to a 3-product combined gravity classifier 22. The coarsest class in the quality of the tailings is removed from the technological process, the middle class is sent to the centrifugal mill 18 for refining through the transport duct, and the thin one is returned to the centrifugal classifier 19.

The material from the cyclone-precipitator 20 is a commercial product and is fed by a roller-free belt conveyor to the packaging unit 24. A thin class from the cyclone-precipitator 20 through the duct enters the bag filter 21, which is concentrated in a marketable product of higher quality and also using a rollerless conveyor is fed to the packaging unit 24. The air purified in the bag filter 21 is sent to the three-product gravity classifier 22, ensuring its operation.

In block IV, depending on the nomenclature of the products obtained, fine-tuning of powder materials is carried out according to the main quality indicators:

- average particle size;

- range of particle size distribution;

- homogeneity of the mineralogical composition.

The main technological processes used in the unit:

- microclassification by particle size;

- microclassification by density;

- microclassification of electrical and magnetic properties;

- ultrafine and nanodispersed grinding.

The crushed material obtained in block III by three streams using roller-free conveyors 25, 26, 27 is fed to the receiving hoppers of block IV of microclassification and enrichment. The products of the centrifugal classifier 19 (class -0.071 + 0.040 mm) and cyclone-precipitator 20 (class -0.040 + 0.005 mm) enter the electromass classifiers 29, 30 for subsequent grinding and separation of the material into fractions according to the specified parameters, after which fine powders of narrow particle size classes in the form of marketable products arrive at the node 32 packaging. The bag filter products 21 (class -0.005 mm) after microclassification in the electromassifier classifier 28 are supplied to the ultrafine grinding unit 31 to obtain ultrafine (-1000 + 100 nm) and nanopowder (-100 + 20 nm) materials, and then in the form of finished products packing unit 32.

Material is transported through the production line in the form of a dust-air mixture through transport and aspiration systems.

The use of the proposed production line ensures the rational, integrated use of mainly mineral raw materials, including the main and associated components of solid mineral deposits, main production waste (overburden, enrichment tailings, slag) and the improvement of the ecological situation within the mining allotments of historically established existing and planned mining and processing enterprises, increases the efficiency of field development by ensuring possible the involvement in commercial operation of off-balance reserves of traditionally substandard mineral raw materials, small deposits and small reserves, unprofitable for traditional development, as well as accumulated and current industrial waste (overburden, tailings, slags) to produce high-quality import-substituting products. The presence of packaging units in the line meets the requirements of GOST and TU for packaging transportation and storage of products.

Claims (12)

1. A production line, including equipment installed during the process and interconnected by transporting mechanisms in the technological chain, characterized in that the equipment is conditionally divided into three blocks, namely, a drying unit, including a drying chamber and an aspiration system, a grinding and classification unit comprising a centrifugal mill, at least two classifiers, a cyclone precipitator and a bag filter, as well as a deep processing unit including microclassification units, an ultra unit fine and / or nano-grinding, with individual blocks made with the possibility of ensuring the yield of finished products and equipped with packaging units. 2. The production line according to claim 1, characterized in that the production line is additionally equipped with a crushing unit for preparing the material for drying and subsequent grinding. 3. The production line according to claim 2, characterized in that the crushing unit is configured to provide output of finished products and is equipped with a node for sorting finished products. 4. The production line according to claim 2, characterized in that the crushing unit contains sequentially installed devices for large and medium crushing and screening. 5. The production line according to claim 2, characterized in that the crushing unit comprises a hopper feeder arranged in series, designed to receive material with a particle size of up to 1000 mm, a coarse crushing unit, preferably a jaw crusher, a medium crushing unit, preferably a cone crusher and a sorting unit. 6. The production line according to claim 1, characterized in that the drying unit aspiration system includes a cyclone precipitator, a bag filter and an aspiration fan. 7. The production line according to claim 1, characterized in that the grinding and classification unit is configured to provide output from the process of minerals and mineral aggregates of relatively low density and contains two classifiers made by centrifugal, as well as an additional vibrating screen. 8. The production line according to claim 1, characterized in that the grinding and classification unit is configured to provide output from the process of minerals and mineral aggregates characterized by a relatively high density, and one of its classifiers is made centrifugal, and the other is made in the form of a combined three-product gravity classifier. 9. The production line according to claim 1, characterized in that the conveying mechanisms are made in the form of pneumatic conveying, equipped with transport fans, roller-free and belt conveyors, chain elevator. 10. The production line according to claim 1, characterized in that the microclassification unit of the deep processing unit is made in the form of parallel-connected electric classifiers. 11. The production line according to claim 10, characterized in that one of the parallel-connected electro-classifiers is supplemented with an ultrafine grinding unit. 12. The production line according to claim 1, characterized in that the deep processing unit is additionally equipped with electrostatic and / or electromagnetic and / or triboelectric separators for the enrichment and classification of ultrafine powder materials.