RU105780U1 - SYSTEM OF CONTROL AND MANAGEMENT OF OBJECTS AT DISTANCE - Google Patents

Abstract

 1. A system for monitoring and controlling objects at a distance, containing N remote controllers, each of which is made on the first microcontroller, the inputs and outputs of which are connected respectively through measuring and matching circuits to external sensors and through an Ethernet adapter through a data network with P processing servers and accumulation of information, and the measuring and matching circuits are implemented from the measuring circuits of fire and security loops, matching circuits of discrete inputs, matching circuits of discrete outputs, hell a pter of a single-wire serial interface, an RS485 interface adapter, an RS232 interface adapter, a CAN interface adapter, characterized in that up to M expansion modules are connected to each remote controller via data transfer interfaces, each of which is implemented on a second microcontroller, the inputs and outputs of which are connected respectively through measuring and matching circuits to external sensors, moreover, an electronic archive is entered into the remote controllers, and the measuring and matching chains of remote control ler and expansion modules, an analog signal measuring circuit has been added, in addition, information processing and storage servers are connected via a data network with Q monitoring and control terminals interacting with the user through a multimedia interface. ! 2. The system according to claim 1, characterized in that the expansion modules are implemented with the possibility of changing the configuration depending on the configuration of the measuring and matching circuits and the sensors connected to them. ! 3. The system according to claim 1, characterized in that the first microcontroller

Description

The technical solution relates to computer technology, namely to automated control and management systems with elements of computer technology, and can be used to carry out control, registration and management functions, including restrictions and access control, in fire alarm systems, in systems protection of premises from unauthorized access in the field of housing and communal services to provide remote control and metering of consumed energy resources, minimize losses from emergency x situations - to prevent and quickly respond to their consequences, as well as to save energy, increase comfort of use and improve security.

A known system for transmitting and processing signals about the state of an object (see, patent RU No. 2087036 IPC G08C 19/00, G08B 25/00, publication of 08/10/1997), containing sensors associated with objects of control, a station including a sensor connection unit, the output connected to the input of the data processing unit, at least one operator panel connected through a receiver and a transmitter of the butt signal to the data processing unit of the station, as well as additional stations, each of which contains a transmitter and receiver of the main signal and a transmitter and receiver additional signal, connected to the data processing unit, switches, differential systems. The stations are connected in such a way that the signal is transmitted in the direction opposite to the main signal, which reduces the loss of information in the event of failure of individual sections.

A known signal transmission and processing system (see, US patent No. 4442426 IPC G08B 01/08, publication of 1984) containing sensors about the state of objects, information about which is transmitted through the sensor connection unit to the central station, including the data processing unit, the signals are monitored from the output of the data processing unit and fed to the operator desks, which decode them and convert them to a form that provides the ability to indicate the status of objects.

The closest in technical essence and the achieved result is a system for monitoring and controlling objects at a distance (see patent RU No. 566034, IPC G08C 19/00, publication of 08/27/2006), consisting of separate standard modules, including a network controller that receives information from external sensors and transmitting the processed information through the network to a server that acts as an information storage device, command terminal and operator, and the network controller is represented by a base card on which an expansion card is located, and The new board consists of a microcontroller that processes information received from external sensors through the level converters of the expansion board, power supply, LED indicator, physical Ethernet controller, and the expansion board is configured to change configuration depending on the number of external sensors connected, while the network that transfers the processed information from the network controller to the server uses the Ethernet network, and the external sensors are fire sensors, tamper sensors, yes Chiki panic button, electronic key reader "Touch Memory".

The disadvantages of the prototype are the overestimated costs of building and maintaining the system when connecting more sensors and increasing the reliability of data transmission to the required level, as well as the lack of redundancy of the data transmission channel. Thus, the reduction in costs when connecting a network controller to remote sites is achieved through the use of a public Ethernet network, which, despite all the advantages, does not provide sufficient data transfer reliability necessary for managing and securing objects, and in the case of building a network specially designed for these purposes costs unnecessarily increase. In addition, to increase the number of connected sensors within the same facility, it is necessary to install additional network controllers by laying a special cable to them and installing additional network equipment, while connecting to the network controller of frequently used analog sensors is carried out through an external measuring device.

For a more complete understanding of the essence of the proposed technical solution, we clarify the terms used to describe it:

microcontroller (Micro Controller Unit, MCU) - a chip designed to control electronic devices, combines the functions of a processor and peripheral devices, contains random access memory (RAM) and read-only memory (ROM);

radio frequency transceiver (transceiver) - transceiver of radio waves;

CAN (Controller Area Network - a network of controllers) - a standard industrial network, focused on combining into a single network of various actuators and sensors;

“dry contact” is a term meaning that the contact does not have a galvanic connection with other electrical circuits, in particular with power supply and ground. For example, a “dry contact” is the contacts of an electromechanical button, a conventional or limit switch, a reed switch and a relay;

electronic key Touch Memory (literally, contact memory) is a data carrier for automatic contact identification of a unique code;

RFID (Radio Frequency Identification) is a method of automatic identification of objects in which data stored in the so-called transponders or RFID tags are read or written by means of radio signals;

RFID electronic key (RFID key fob, transponder, tag) is a data carrier for automatic contactless identification of a unique code;

terminal (terminal) - the end part of a certain system, which provides a system connection with the external environment;

security and fire loop - an electrical circuit connecting the output circuits of the detectors, including auxiliary elements and connecting wires and designed to transmit notifications to the control panel and, in some cases, to supply power to the detectors;

multimedia - a complex of hardware and software that allows the user to work in a dialogue mode with heterogeneous data (graphics, text, sound, video), organized in a single information environment.

The technical result of the proposed solution is to eliminate the disadvantages of the prototype, in particular, reducing the complexity of building and maintaining the system, increasing the reliability of the system, the reliability of the transmission and the information content of the data, connecting more external sensors, directly connecting analog sensors.

The technical result is achieved by the fact that in a system for monitoring and controlling objects at a distance, containing N remote controllers, each of which is made on the first microcontroller, the inputs and outputs of which are connected respectively through measuring and matching circuits to external sensors and through an Ethernet adapter via a data network with P servers for processing and accumulating information, and the measuring and matching circuits are implemented from the measuring circuits of fire and security loops, matching circuits of discrete inputs of matching digital output circuits, a single-wire serial interface adapter, an RS485 interface adapter, an RS232 interface adapter, a CAN interface adapter, in addition, up to M expansion modules are connected to each remote controller via data transfer interfaces, each of which is implemented on a second microcontroller, inputs and outputs which are connected respectively through measuring and matching circuits to external sensors, and an electronic archive is entered into remote controllers, and into measuring and lasuyuschie chain remote controllers and expanders added to the analog measuring signal path, and in addition information accumulation processing servers are connected through data network terminals Q monitoring and control interacting with the user via a multimedia interface.

Expansion modules are implemented with the possibility of changing the configuration depending on the configuration of the measuring and matching circuits and the sensors connected to them, and the first microcontrollers are connected to a data network via a mobile cellular transceiver.

In addition, the first microcontrollers are connected to radio sensors and expansion modules via a radio frequency transceiver, and a signal receiver of the global positioning system is introduced into each remote controller.

The essence of the proposed technical solution is that the system registers and accumulates information, manages and protects distributed stationary and mobile objects, while ensuring the distributed provision of a multimedia human-machine interface for monitoring and managing these objects through stationary and mobile terminals.

Moreover, the use of expansion modules allows connecting more sensors and reducing the cost of building a network due to their lower cost compared to a remote controller, while eliminating the need for additional network equipment and, in some cases, wiring. This provides increased reliability and reliability of signal transmission by duplicating the connection to the remote controller.

The introduction of an analog signal measuring circuit provides cost savings by directly connecting commonly used analog sensors without the need for external measuring instruments.

The introduction of a large-capacity electronic archive into a remote controller significantly increases the reliability and reliability of data transmission due to the long-term storage of data and events and, if necessary, the possibility of their repeated transmission to the server or saving to an external drive.

The introduction of a mobile cellular transceiver into the remote controller, through which an additional connection to the data network is provided, increases the reliability and reliability of data transmission, ensuring duplication of the connection by the processing and information storage server, as well as direct transmission of messages to the monitoring and control terminals.

The introduction of a global positioning system signal into a series of remote controllers of a receiver of signals increases the information content by automatically determining the coordinates of a managed object, which makes it possible to automatically display data on maps and diagrams, as well as grouping data by geographical feature.

Comparison of the proposed solution with the known technical solutions shows that it has a new set of essential features that, together with the known features, can successfully achieve the goal.

The essence of the technical solution is illustrated by drawings, where in Fig.1 shows a general diagram of the construction of the system, Fig.2 presents an expanded diagram of the construction of the system with details of the structure of the remote controller. Figure 3 is an expanded diagram of a system with a detailed structure of the expansion module.

The composition of the system:

1. Remote controller (network controller);

2. Extension module;

3. Data transmission network;

4. The server for processing the accumulation of information;

5. Monitoring and control terminal (stationary or mobile based on a personal or industrial computer, mobile phone or communicator);

6. Microcontroller remote controller;

7. Microcontroller expansion module;

8. Power supply;

9. The receiver of the signals of the global positioning system;

10. Measuring chains of security and fire loops;

11. Measuring circuit of an analog signal;

12. Matching circuits of discrete inputs;

13. Matching circuits of discrete outputs;

14. Single-wire serial interface adapter;

15. RS485 interface adapter;

16. The adapter of the RS232 interface;

17. CAN interface adapter;

18. The radio frequency transceiver;

19. Electronic archive;

20. Backup power circuits and real-time clock clocking;

21. Non-volatile storage device;

22. USB interface adapter;

23. Graphic liquid crystal display;

24. LED indicator;

25. Transceiver mobile cellular;

26. Ethernet interface adapter;

27. Data channel of a mobile telecom operator;

28. Data channel of a fixed telecom operator;

29. External storage medium with USB interface;

30. Fire and security announcers (sensors);

31. Sensors for measuring temperature, light, humidity and other physical quantities with an analog output;

32. Sensors with standard analog current or voltage output;

33. Meters for the consumption of water, gas, electricity and others with a pulsed telemetric output;

34. Sensors with an exit like "dry contact";

35. Executive devices;

36. Electronic key "Touch Memory";

37. The electronic key is "RFID";

38. Security and fire sensors and actuators with a radio interface;

39. Meters for the consumption of heat, water, gas, electricity, physical quantity meters, actuators, and other devices that provide information transfer via RS485, RS232, CAN interfaces;

40 ¹ , 40 ² Measuring and matching circuits of the remote controller and expansion module, respectively;

41 ¹ , 41 ² External sensors connected respectively to the remote controller and expansion module, including: security and fire sensors 30; reader of electronic key "Touch Memory"36; reader of the electronic key "RFID"37; metering devices for the consumption of water, gas, electricity and others with a pulsed telemetric output 33; dry contact sensors 34; actuators 35; temperature, light, humidity and other physical sensors with analog output 31; Sensors with standard analog current or voltage output 32; heat, water, gas consumption meters, physical quantity meters, actuators, and other devices 39 that provide information transfer via RS485, RS232, CAN 15, 16, 17 interfaces.

The composition of the electronic archive 19: backup power and clock circuits of the real-time clock 20, non-volatile storage device 21, USB 22 interface adapter, external data carrier with USB 29 interface.

The system operates as follows.

Access control and object security is based on the ability of the remote controller 1 directly or through expansion modules 2 to read codes from electronic keys 36, 37, to monitor the status of security and fire alarm loops 10, to which security and fire detectors 30 are connected, to receive messages from radio security fire detectors 38 through an RF transceiver 18, control actuators 35 through discrete inputs 12 and outputs 13, send messages and requests to information processing and storage servers Missions 4 and terminals 5.

Upon presentation of the electronic key 36, 37, the microcontroller 6 of the remote controller through a single-wire serial interface adapter 14 reads its unique electronic code. After that, the microcontroller 6 uses the built-in program to perform the authorization procedure, comparing the received code with the code table stored in non-volatile memory 21, and also sends a request via the data transfer network 3 to one of the information processing and storage servers 4. The record with the result of the authorization procedure is placed to the electronic archive 19 of the remote controller 1. If the authorization procedure is positive, the microcontroller 6, depending on the settings and its current state, gives a command to Starting the arming of the remote controller 1 and the control signal to the actuator 35 access control.

To detect an alarm situation, fire and security detectors 30 are connected to the measuring and discrete inputs of the remote controller 1 or expansion module 2. In addition, the remote controller 1 receives signals from security and fire detectors with a radio interface 38 through an RF transceiver 18.

Security and fire detectors 30 control various physical parameters, for example, infrared, magnetic contact detectors, glass break detectors, manual detectors and others were used to protect the premises, and heat, smoke, light, ionization, manual and other fire detectors were used to prevent fire, in addition sensors for detecting water leakage, gas leakage and others.

Upon detection of an alarm situation, the detector 30 transmits a signal to the input of the remote controller 1 or expansion module 2. The signal passes through the measuring and matching circuits 10 and is analyzed by the control program of the microcontroller 6, which stores a record of the alarm situation in the electronic archive 19 and displays the alarm message on the LED 24 and a graphical indicator 23, and also gives a control signal to the actuator 35 and an audible siren (siren) 35. After that, the remote controller 1, depending on settings, sends an informational message directly to mobile terminal 5 in the form of a voice and text message, as well as through one of the data transmission channels to the information processing and storage server 4. Server 4 processes the message, saves it in the database and transfers it to those connected to server 4 mobile or stationary monitoring and control terminals 5. The received message is converted by the control program and displayed through the multimedia terminal interface 5.

Accounting for the consumption of various resources and energy sources is based on reading the readings of the corresponding metering devices with pulsed telemetric output 33, as well as metering devices 39, which provide information transfer via RS485, RS232, CAN 15, 16, 17 interfaces.

For example, to account for the energy consumption, a power meter 33 is connected to the digital inputs of the remote controller 1 or expansion module 2, which records the energy consumption and, for each measured kWh, gives a predetermined number of pulses through the telemetry output to the input of the remote controller 1. Pulses through matching circuits 12 are fed to the input of the microcontroller 6, are calculated and converted into a flow value based on the parameters stored in non-volatile memory 21. Period Critically, after a specified time, a record containing the current flow rate is stored in the electronic archive 19 of the remote controller 1, and also sent to the information processing and accumulation server 4 through one of the data transfer channels 27, 28. Server 4 processes the message and saves it in the database data and transmits to the mobile or stationary monitoring and control terminals 5 connected to the server 4. The received message is converted by the control program and displayed through the multimedia interface of the terminal 5.

Accounting for the consumption of other resources is made in a similar way.

To measure physical quantities, the temperature, light, pressure, humidity and other sensors 31 are connected to the analog measuring circuits 11 of the remote controller 1 or expansion module 2, including sensors equipped with a standard analog output current or voltage 32. The signal from the sensors 31, 32 passes through the measuring circuit of the analog signal 11 and enters the analog-to-digital Converter, after which the control program of the microcontroller 6 converts it into a physical value based on the parameters stored in non-volatile memory 21. Periodically, after a specified time, the value is stored in the electronic archive 19 of the remote controller 1, and also through one of the data channels 27, 28 is sent to the server for processing and accumulating information 4. Server 4 processes the message, stores it in database and transmits to the connected to the server 4 mobile or stationary terminals for monitoring and control 5. The received message is converted by the control program and displayed through the multimedia interface of terminal 5.

Connecting more sensors and reducing the cost of building a network is achieved by using expansion modules 2, which are made on microcontrollers 7 and measuring and matching circuits 40 ² with the possibility of changing the configuration depending on the number of connected external sensors. M expansion modules 2 are connected to the remote controller 1 through a wired 15, 16, 17 and radio interface 18, providing increased reliability and reliability of signal transmission by duplicating the connection. In system nodes that do not require high reliability, only one of the interfaces is allowed, and the use of the radio interface 18 in this case provides an additional cost reduction due to the absence of the need for wiring.

Interface converters 14, 15, 16, 17, measuring 10, 11, and matching 12, 13 expansion module circuits 2 have similar architectures and operation algorithms similar to similar circuits of the remote controller 1.

To increase the reliability and reliability of data transmission, a mobile cellular transceiver 25 was introduced into the remote controller 1, through which an additional connection of the remote controller 1 with the data transmission network 3 is provided.

The mobile cellular transceiver 25 is connected to a power source 8 of the remote controller 1 and connected to the microcontroller 6 of the remote controller 1 through an internal serial interface through which the control program of the microcontroller 6 transmits and receives commands and data.

If there is no connection through the channel of the fixed operator 28, the control program of the microcontroller 6 after the programmed time instructs the transceiver 25 to establish a connection through the channel of the mobile operator 27. If it is successful, the program starts sending messages through this connection. Periodically, after a specified time, the program gives a command to open a connection through a channel of a fixed telecom operator 28 and, if successful, gives a command to a transceiver 25 to close a connection through a channel of a mobile telecom operator 27 and starts sending messages through a channel of a fixed telecom operator 28. If there is no connection with server 4 through both channels 27, 28, the control program generates and transmits messages directly to the monitoring and control terminal 5 in the form of a voice or text message via the mobile channel th operator 27. The system nodes without requiring high reliability, is allowed to use only one of the channels, and the application, in this case the mobile operator communication channel 27 provides additional cost savings by eliminating the need wiring.

To increase the reliability and reliability of data transfer to the remote controller 1, a large-capacity electronic archive 19 has also been introduced, which stores archived records of data and events and, if necessary, ensures their retransmission to server 4. The electronic archive also provides data transfer via the USB adapter 22 to an external medium 29.

The electronic archive 19 consists of a non-volatile memory chip 21 and a USB 22 interface adapter connected to the microcontroller 6, a real-time clock built into the microcontroller 6, and their clock and backup power circuits 20, as well as the control routine of the microcontroller 6. The electronic archive 19 works as follows way. The main program transfers the next record to the electronic archive routine 19, a time stamp received from the real-time clock and the current coordinates of the object are added to this record. After that, the record is stored in non-volatile memory 21.

When communication with server 4 is restored after its prolonged absence, the subroutine extracts the records accumulated during this time from the electronic archive 19 and transfers them to server 4. After losing information on server 4, server 4 transmits a request to remote controller 1, which sends records in response, accumulated for the specified time.

When you connect an external data medium 29 to the USB adapter 22, the electronic archive routine decrypts the key file stored on this medium 29, compares the received code with the code stored in non-volatile memory 21, and if they match, transfers the types of records indicated in the key file from electronic archive 19 to an external storage medium 29.

To increase the information content of the data and provide a simpler display of data on maps and diagrams, a receiver of the signals of the global positioning system 9 is introduced into the remote controller 1. The receiver 9 processes the satellite signals received through the antenna input, converts them into the coordinates of the object, which transmits them to the microcontroller 6 of the remote controller 1 via the internal serial interface. The control program of the microcontroller adds the received coordinates to the records of the electronic archive 19 and to information messages sent to the information processing and storage servers 4. Based on these coordinates, the program on server 4 groups data by the geographical location of the object, and the control program of terminal 5 processes and displays this data through a multimedia interface, including in the form of a map or diagram.

The technical and economic effect of the proposed utility model is a significant reduction in the cost of building and maintaining the system, the ability to connect more external sensors through the use of expansion modules, and the ability to directly connect commonly used analog sensors. In addition, a significant increase in the reliability and reliability of information transfer is achieved through redundancy of the data transmission channel and increase in archive depth, increased information content by automatically determining the coordinates of a managed object and providing a distributed multimedia interface for monitoring and managing objects.

Claims (5)

1. A system for monitoring and controlling objects at a distance, containing N remote controllers, each of which is made on the first microcontroller, the inputs and outputs of which are connected respectively through measuring and matching circuits to external sensors and through an Ethernet adapter through a data network with P processing servers and accumulation of information, and the measuring and matching circuits are implemented from the measuring circuits of fire and security loops, matching circuits of discrete inputs, matching circuits of discrete outputs, hell a pter of a single-wire serial interface, an RS485 interface adapter, an RS232 interface adapter, a CAN interface adapter, characterized in that up to M expansion modules are connected to each remote controller via data transfer interfaces, each of which is implemented on a second microcontroller, the inputs and outputs of which are connected respectively through measuring and matching circuits to external sensors, moreover, an electronic archive is entered into the remote controllers, and the measuring and matching chains of remote control ler and expansion modules, an analog signal measuring circuit has been added, in addition, information processing and storage servers are connected via a data network with Q monitoring and control terminals interacting with the user through a multimedia interface. 2. The system according to claim 1, characterized in that the expansion modules are implemented with the possibility of changing the configuration depending on the configuration of the measuring and matching circuits and the sensors connected to them. 3. The system according to claim 1, characterized in that the first microcontrollers are connected to a data network via a mobile cellular transceiver. 4. The system according to claim 1, characterized in that the first microcontrollers are connected to radio sensors and expansion modules via a radio frequency transceiver. 5. The system according to claim 1, characterized in that a signal receiver of the global positioning system is inserted into each remote controller.