RU105581U1 - DEVICE FOR FIXING A PARTIAL REMOVABLE PROSTHESIS - Google Patents

Abstract

 A device for fixing a partial removable prosthesis, including a bent wire clasp, characterized in that it contains a block of artificial crowns, on the vestibular surface of which there are protrusions, the protrusion closest to the exit point of the clasp shoulder located in the lower half of the cervical part of the artificial crown, the distal protrusion in the upper half of the cervical part of the adjacent artificial crown, and the clasp is made in the form of two half arcs connected to each other.

Description

The utility model relates to medicine, its section of orthopedic dentistry, and can be used in the prosthetic treatment of patients with periodontitis and dentition defects to achieve complete fixation and stabilization of a removable denture.

Existing designs of partial removable dentures (direct and permanent) most often use mechanical devices to fix the prosthesis to the abutment teeth - bent retaining clasps, which can contribute to the functional overload of the periodontal separately functioning abutment teeth, the uneven distribution of chewing pressure between the remaining abutment teeth and the mucous membrane, which especially important for optimal fixation and stabilization of oral prostheses in patients with vaniyami periodontitis. [Trezuboe V.N., Scherbakov A.S., Mishnev L.M. Orthopedic Dentistry (Faculty course): Textbook for medical schools. - St. Petersburg .: Tome, 2005. - S.225-236].

The disadvantages of the design of bent clasps is that with the loss of the reserve forces of periodontal tissues, it is impossible to fully immobilize the teeth and include the remaining teeth in the implementation of the masticatory function, optimally distributing the masticatory load.

Closest to the claimed design of the device for fixing a partial removable prosthesis is a single-arm wire bent clasp.

The disadvantages of the prototype are: the distribution of the masticatory load on only one supporting tooth, which contributes to the creation of excessive pressure on the periodontal tissue, and this is unacceptable in patients with periodontal disease; the difficulty of creating a uniform fit of the shoulder of the clasp, leading to a sharp increase in pressure with the movement of the prosthesis; it covers only one tooth, which exerts a constant springing effect, which leads to increased tooth mobility, and this is unacceptable with periodontitis, since the reserve forces of the teeth periodontium are reduced or completely exhausted compared to normal values [Trezubov V.N., Scherbakov A. S., Mishnev L.M. Orthopedic Dentistry (Faculty course): Textbook for medical schools. - St. Petersburg: Tome, 2005. - S.307-339].

We first proposed the design of a device for fixing a partial denture, which can significantly reduce the functional overload of periodontal tissues of the supporting teeth, with lost reserve forces, due to the presence of a system of artificial crowns, on the vestibular surface of which there are two protrusions, and a wire bent clasp made in the form of two half-arcs connected among themselves, the shoulder of which is located between the protrusions.

A device for fixing a partial removable denture is shown in figure 1

where 1 is a bent wire clasp;

2 - the protrusion on the artificial crown closest to the exit point of the shoulder of the wire double bent clasp;

3 - a protrusion on an adjacent artificial crown, farthest from the exit point of the shoulder of the wire double bent clasp.

The proposed design of a device for fixing a partial removable prosthesis consists of a bent wire clamper 1 (Fig. 1), made in the form of two half arcs interconnected, two artificial crowns with protrusions made on their vestibular surface, the protrusion 2 closest to the exit point of the clasp arm ( figure 1), is located in the lower half of the cervical part of the artificial crown, the far ledge 3 (figure 1) is in the upper half of the cervical part of the adjacent artificial crown. The shoulder of the wire bent clasp, relying on the near protrusion, loads it, then the shoulder of the wire bent clasp is located under the far ledge and abuts against it, due to this, the load on the mined tooth block is partially compensated, which allows evenly distributing chewing pressure between the remaining teeth.

It is known that the basis of a partial removable prosthesis, relying on the mucosa of the prosthetic bed during masticatory loading, has vertical mobility corresponding to the compression of the mucous membrane of the prosthetic bed. When using a device for fixing a partial denture, the chewing load from the antagonists is transferred evenly to the abutment teeth. Reducing the load on periodontal tissue is due to the combination of two or more teeth in the block using thin-walled or cast crowns with protrusions, as well as the use of bent wire clasp made in the form of two half-arcs connected to each other, which allows you to hold and functionally reduce the vertical load on the remaining periodontal tissue.

Clinical observations have shown that the use in practice of orthopedic dentists of a device for fixing a partial denture allows for uniform distribution of chewing pressure on the supporting tissues of the teeth with reduced reserve forces, which made it possible to carry out prosthetic treatment and save the remaining teeth to patients with periodontal diseases in cases of when the use of other methods of fixation was ineffective or their use was contraindicated, which increased the quality Life Span and allowed patients to achieve their good social rehabilitation.

Claims (1)

A device for fixing a partial removable prosthesis, including a bent wire clasp, characterized in that it contains a block of artificial crowns, on the vestibular surface of which protrusions are made, the protrusion closest to the exit point of the clasp shoulder located in the lower half of the cervical part of the artificial crown, the distal protrusion in the upper half of the cervical part of the adjacent artificial crown, and the clasp is made in the form of two half arcs connected to each other.