RU105543U1 - CONTACTLESS ELECTRIC MACHINE - Google Patents

Abstract

 A non-contact electric machine containing a stator with Z uniformly spaced teeth, on which the m phase winding and a rotor with 2p alternating poles are placed, the number of stator teeth Z being a multiple of the number of phases m, characterized in that the rotor is made with axial magnetization, and the ratio between the active length stator La and its maximum possible diameter Dm is defined as:! La / Dm = 0.5-0.01 Zi,! La is the active length of the stator, mm; ! Dm - the maximum allowable diameter of a contactless electric machine (Dm = 50 mm ... 150 mm); ! Zi is the number of stator teeth (Zi = 2 ... 36).

Description

The utility model relates to electrical engineering and can be used in an autonomous electric drive as an electric motor or a generator of direct or alternating current.

Known non-contact electric machine of the magnetoelectric type (RF Patent No. 2143777, NO2K 1/06, op. 27.12.1999), containing a stator with Z evenly spaced teeth, on which an m-phase winding and a rotor with 2p alternating poles are placed. The number of stator teeth Z is a multiple of the number of phases m and the number of poles of the rotor 2p is chosen so that the difference between them is ± 1, where 1 is the minimum integer, and the m-phase winding, each phase of which consists of 1-coil groups, is wound so so that the direction of winding on the stator teeth alternates inside each coil group and that on the teeth of one phase shifted by 180 ° / 1, the direction would be consistent with odd 1 and counter with even 1, and the shift between phases αm is defined as

when m = 2 · l;

for m = (2 · l + 1), where l = 1, 2, 3, ...

A non-contact electric magnetoelectric type machine is known (RF Patent No. 2190292, NO2K 29/00, 1/16 op. September 27, 2002) containing a stator with Z evenly spaced teeth, on which an m phase winding and a rotor with 2p alternating poles are placed.

The number of stator teeth Z, a multiple of the number of phases m and the number of poles of the rotor 2p, is selected as 2p = Z ± 1, with 1 the minimum integer. Moreover, its ratio between the active length L and its active diameter D and the number of evenly spaced stator teeth Z is defined as

at Z = 2p ± l;

Z is the number of stator teeth;

l is the minimum integer;

p is the number of pairs of poles.

The closest analogue is a non-contact electric machine (RF Patent No. 31070, НО2К 29/00 НО2К 1/16 НО2К 19/10 dated 10.07.2003) containing a stator with Z evenly spaced teeth, on which the m phase winding and rotor with 2p alternating are placed poles, and the number of stator teeth Z is a multiple of the number of phases m. Moreover, the ratio between the active length of the rotor L _a and its active diameter D _a is defined as

at ;

Z is the number of stator teeth;

p is the number of pairs of rotor poles.

A disadvantage of the known analogues, including the prototype, is the determination of the optimization criterion without taking into account the maximum allowable external diameter of the contactless machine (for example, if it is embedded in other nodes), and also without taking into account the limiting thermal limitations and cost factors of the product, which is mainly determined the cost of the active volume of the machine. In addition, different types of magnetic systems (with axial or radial excitation) cannot always be reduced to the general criterion of maximum rigidity of a mechanical characteristic with the same ratio (L _a / D _a ) _opt , since there are different conditions for the implementation of electromechanical characteristics even with the same active volume of the machine V _a .

In the prototype, these ratios are related by dependencies that lead to irrational ratios of the main parameters L _a and D _a not acceptable for this design while limiting the maximum possible diameter D _m ≤150 mm.

The objective of the utility model is to create a device that allows you to create the necessary electromagnetic moment on the shaft of the machine while limiting its outer diameter (not more than 150 mm) while limiting its thermal parameters and cost.

The technical result consists in increasing the optimization criterion, which allows to minimize heat loss by ensuring the maximum possible moment at the maximum constant diameter and allowable heating of the windings.

A new set of essential features is necessary and sufficient to achieve the specified technical result. A non-contact electric machine contains a stator with Z evenly spaced teeth, on which an m phase winding and a rotor with 2p alternating poles are placed, and the number of stator teeth Z is a multiple of the number of phases m. New is the implementation of the rotor with axial magnetization and the determination of the relationship between the active length of the stator L _a and the maximum possible diameter D _{m of a} contactless electric machine as:

L _a / D _m = 0.5-0.01 · Z _i ;

L _a - active stator length (mm);

D _m - the maximum allowable diameter of a contactless electric machine (D _m = 50 mm ... 150 mm);

Z _i - the number of stator teeth (Z _i = 2 ... 36);

The essence of the utility model is illustrated by the drawing, in Fig. 1 of which the main structural elements of the stator of a non-contact electric machine are shown, in Fig. 2 - the main structural elements of the rotor of a non-contact electric machine, and in Fig. 3 - a cross section (A-A) of a non-contact electric machine.

Figure 1 shows the following notation:

1. The stator disk.

2. The teeth of the stator.

3. Stator winding.

D _m - the maximum allowable diameter of a contactless electric machine (D _m = 50 mm ... 150 mm);

L _a - active length of a contactless electric machine (mm);

b _z is the width of the stator tooth (mm);

l _a is the active length of the stator tooth (mm);

b _k is the width of the stator coil (mm);

l _cp is the average length of the coil of the stator coil (mm);

D _a - active diameter of a contactless electric machine (mm);

Figure 2 shows the notation:

4. Rotor magnets.

5. The magnetic circuit of the rotor.

L _a - active rotor length (mm);

b _p - rotor pole width (mm);

l _a is the active length of the rotor pole (mm);

Figure 3 shows the notation:

1. The stator disk.

2. The teeth of the stator.

3. Stator winding.

4. Rotor magnets.

5. The magnetic circuit of the rotor.

h _{st s} - stator steel height (mm);

h _k - stator coil height (mm);

L _m - the height of the rotor magnet (mm);

h _{st R} is the height of the rotor steel (mm);

L _∑i is the variable active thickness of a contactless electric machine at i = 2 ... 36 (mm).

A non-contact electric machine consists of a stator 1 with Z teeth 2 of stator 1, on which there is an m phase winding 3, adjacent through the working gap to the end surfaces (2p) of the rotor magnets 4, magnetized along the axis of the machine and located symmetrically on the rotor disk magnetic circuit 5.

To select the optimal geometric relationships for a given maximum possible diameter Dm of a non-contact electric machine and to compare various modifications, it is proposed to use the above criterion for optimizing the specific stiffness of the mechanical characteristic K _oi per unit of the active volume of the machine V _ai .

;

M _∑i - total moment of the machine (Nm);

P _∑i - total (ohmic) losses in the car (W);

- the active volume of the machine (mm ³ );

D _m - the maximum allowable diameter of a contactless electric machine (D _m = 50 mm ... 150 mm);

L _∑i - variable active thickness of a contactless electric machine (mm);

L _∑i = h _{st s} + h _k + L _m + h _{st R} - variable active thickness of a contactless electric machine (mm);

h _{st s} - stator steel height (mm);

h _k - stator coil height (mm);

L _m - the height of the rotor magnet (mm);

h _{st R} - rotor steel height (mm).

Writing down: ;

Br is the residual induction of the rotor magnet (T);

l _ai = L _ai -2b _ki - variable active coil pole length (mm);

L _ai - variable active length of the machine (mm);

b _ki - variable value of the width of the stator coil (mm);

D _ai - variable active diameter of a contactless electric machine (mm);

Z _i - the number of stator teeth (Z _i = 2 ... 36);

jk is the current density in the stator coil (A / mm ² );

(qw _k ) _i is the variable value of the total copper section of the stator coil (mm ² ),

but - variable total (ohmic) losses in the car (W);

jk is the current density in the stator coil (A / mm ² );

ρ is the specific resistance of stator copper (Ohm · mm ² / m);

l _cpi - variable average stator coil length (mm);

(qw _k ) _i is the variable value of the total copper section of the stator coil (mm ² );

Z _i - the number of stator teeth (Z _i = 2 ... 36);

and takes into account that ;

A - linear load (A / mm);

Z _i - the number of stator teeth (Z _i = 2 ... 36);

D _ai - variable active diameter of a contactless electric machine (mm),

but ;

b _ki - variable value of the width of the stator coil (mm);

To ₃ - the fill factor of the copper stator coil;

A - linear load (A / mm);

- variable value of the width of the stator coil (mm);

b _zi = 2b _ki is the width of the stator tooth (mm);

b _pi = 3b _ki is the width of the rotor pole (mm);

D _ai - variable active diameter of a contactless electric machine (mm);

Z _i - the number of stator teeth (Z _i = 2 ... 36),

and setting the limiting values of A (linear load), jk (current density), we can, changing D _ai (variable active diameter of a non-contact electric machine) and L _ai (variable active length of a non-contact electric machine) depending on i, that is, on Z _i we find (after conversion) that K _oi (criterion for optimizing the specific stiffness of the mechanical characteristic) reaches a maximum at - the optimal number of teeth of the machine, which leads to the ratio

;

L _ai - variable active length of a contactless electric machine;

D _ai - variable active diameter of a contactless electric machine;

Z _o - the optimal number of teeth of a contactless electric machine;

Zmax = 36 - the maximum number of stator teeth;

then, with D _m = 50 mm ... 150 mm and Z _i = 2 ... 36,

(L _a ) _opt = 0.26D _m ;

(D _a ) _opt = 0.74D _m ;

(L _a ) _opt is the optimal active length of a contactless electric machine (mm);

(D _a ) _opt is the optimum active diameter of a contactless electric machine (mm);

D _m - the maximum allowable diameter of a contactless electric machine (D _m = 50 mm ... 150 mm);

These ratios allow you to determine the most important parameters in the engine. Provided that Z _i is specified, the number of stator teeth (in rotary devices, Z _{i is} set depending on the required angle of rotation of the actuator, that is, when the engine is running at m = 1 torque motor mode), which also drastically decreases the power consumption at given dimensions due to rational choice of L _a (active stator length), D _a (active diameter of the machine), h _k (stator coil height) and b _k (stator coil width).

The general formula for various Z _i (sometimes asked from the operational features of the use of these engines) will be as follows:

L _ai = Dm · (0.5-0.01 · Z _i );

D _ai = Dm · (0.5 + 0.01 · Z _i );

with Z _i = 2 ... 36 and D _m = 50 mm ... 150 mm

L _ai - variable active length of a contactless electric machine (mm);

D _ai - variable active diameter of a contactless electric machine (mm);

D _m - the maximum allowable diameter of a contactless electric machine (D _m = 50 mm ... 150 mm);

Z _i is the number of stator teeth (Z _i = 2 ... 36), i.e.

L _a / D _m = 0.5-0.01 · Z _i ;

L _ai - active stator length (mm);

Knowing these relations, it is possible to quickly and rationally select important relations both in the rotor and in the stator.

The non-contact electric machine, made according to this design scheme, weighing about 3 kg at a power of P = 8 × 24 = 192 W develops a maximum allowable moment of ≥8 Nm, which corresponds to C _m = m / I> 1.3 Nm, and in operating mode develops 3 Nm with a total power of P _∑ = I ² · R _∑ , P = 21 W with the maximum possible external diameter D _m = 100 mm and a length L _∑ = 50 mm.

Moreover, the dynamic parameters of the machine allow the input signals to be realized in the form of rectangular and triangular current pulses with an error not exceeding 10% and 2%, respectively.

Claims (1)

A non-contact electric machine containing a stator with Z uniformly spaced teeth, on which the m phase winding and a rotor with 2p alternating poles are placed, the number of stator teeth Z being a multiple of the number of phases m, characterized in that the rotor is made with axial magnetization, and the ratio between the active length the stator L _a and its maximum possible diameter D _m is defined as: L _a / D _m = 0.5-0.01 · Z _i , L _a is the active length of the stator, mm; D _m - the maximum allowable diameter of a contactless electric machine (D _m = 50 mm ... 150 mm); Z _i - the number of stator teeth (Z _i = 2 ... 36).