RU104293U1 - DEVICE FOR CONVERSION OF LOW POTENTIAL THERMAL ENERGY ENVIRONMENT INTO MECHANICAL AND ELECTRIC ENERGY - Google Patents

Abstract

 A device for converting low-potential thermal energy of the environment into mechanical and electrical energy, containing a block of a high-potential heat source, a closed loop with an intermediate heat carrier, a power turbine, heat exchangers for heating and cooling the working fluid for converting the energy of the liquid and gas phases into mechanical and electrical energy through the use of the difference in ambient temperature when exposed to a low-boiling liquid, characterized in that the thermal energy storage device b the heat source lock is connected to the heat exchanger of the heat compressor housing through dividing ball valves, the membrane in the heat compressor housing is connected to the suction and discharge valves of the air medium, the gaseous and liquid phases of the low-temperature boiling liquid of the heat compressor housing are connected to the cooling chamber through the separation valves of the gaseous and liquid phases low-temperature boiling liquid, the cooling circuit of the cooling chamber is connected to the cooling unit, the control circuit times The vent valves of the gaseous and liquid phases of the low-temperature boiling liquid are connected to a power amplification unit, which is connected by a valve control circuit to a control device, which is connected by a power circuit to a control and control unit, and an input from an external source of electric energy is connected to the control and control unit (stationary industrial network and / or external independent source) for the initial start-up of the control device also comprises a current generator circuit, an electric current output circuit,

Description

Application area

The utility model relates to power engineering, and devices for converting low-potential thermal energy of the environment and / or technogenic processes through the use of their temperature difference when a temperature difference affects a low-temperature boiling liquid (for example, freon), and the use of its transitions to aggregate states from liquid to gaseous phase for the environmentally friendly conversion of the expansion energy of the gaseous phase of a low-temperature boiling liquid into the mechanical energy of an air membrane compressor, and the mechanical energy of rotation of the air turbine into electric.

State of the art

There is a method of obtaining mechanical rotation energy due to the integrated use of the temperature difference of sea water at different levels and gravitational interaction without spending fuel and energy resources. The essence of this invention is: uniformly around the circumference of a partially immersed rotor installed heat-sensitive elements (FC) associated with the load, made in the form of a massive rim, with the possibility of its radial movement with changing ambient temperature, which is achieved by creating in the upper and lower parts of the rotor respectively, heating and cooling zones, the first of which is ambient air, and the second is formed by a container in the form of a tray that communicates with the upper part of the pipeline, raise upward, as if in a communicating vessel, cold water from its deepest layers. The rotor is equipped with blades for mixing water along the tray from the top of the pipeline. The rotation of the rotor is due to the moment of gravity F generated by the groom at different distances P2 and P1 of the side parts of the rim from the axis depending on the heating and cooling of the fuel cell. (See METHOD FOR PRODUCING ENVIRONMENTALLY FRIENDLY MECHANICAL ENERGY OF ROTATION AND DEVICE FOR ITS IMPLEMENTATION BY B.F. KOCHETKOV) IPC 6 F03G 7/05, F03G 7/06).

However, this method allows the use of thermal energy only in a narrow temperature range, it also has significant inertia and cannot provide high efficiency for converting low-potential environmental energy (water and air) into mechanical energy.

Steam compression methods of thermal transformation are also known, including the evaporation of the working medium at reduced pressure, accompanied by the absorption of thermal energy of a low-temperature source, the compression of the working medium in the vapor state using a compressor, cooling and condensation of the working medium with the transfer of thermal energy released to the higher-temperature receiver, and lowering pressure of a working environment (as a rule, throttling) before evaporation. (See Energy fundamentals of heat transformation and cooling processes. - M .. Energy, 1968, p.185 - 212., and also the invention METHOD AND DEVICE FOR TRANSFORMATION OF HEAT ENERGY, RU 2161759, IPC 7 F25B 9/08, F25B 30 / 02).

However, the energy efficiency of such devices is relatively small and inferior in efficiency to methods based on low-temperature boiling liquids, since it requires the use of a device for transforming thermal energy (a refrigerator or a heat pump), including a circulation circuit with an evaporator, an inkjet apparatus, and a cooler installed in it in series ( condenser), a throttle or expander, and an additional circulation circuit (communications) containing a pump and a high pressure evaporator and connected to the main circuit on the pump side between the cooler and the choke, and on the high pressure evaporator side to the jet apparatus. Known heat power plant containing a high potential heat source, a closed loop with an intermediate heat carrier, a power turbine, heat exchangers for heating and cooling the working fluid. (See the invention HEAT-TUBE ENGINE, RU2287709, IPC F01K 25/00) The main disadvantages of such an installation:

- the complexity of the design, the need for sources of high temperatures, the inability to use low-grade heat in a wide temperature range from -50 degrees Celsius to +150 degrees Celsius, for example, from natural and / or man-made sources;

- low efficiency due to unproductive heat losses due to the formation and condensation of low-boiling liquid vapor, which is used to displace auxiliary liquid from the chamber, as well as the inability to use low-grade heat in the cycle to produce, for example, electricity and the formation of an environmentally friendly heat conversion system.

Closest to the proposed solution in terms of technical nature and the achieved result is a method of converting thermal energy into mechanical and electrical energy - a heat power plant containing a block of a high potential heat source, a closed loop with an intermediate heat carrier, a power turbine, heat exchangers for heating and cooling the working fluid for energy conversion liquid and gas phases into mechanical and electrical energy. (See the invention “POWER INSTALLATION AND METHOD FOR PREPARING ITS WORKING BODY”, RU 2013572, IPC 5 F01K 25/00).

The main disadvantages of such an installation are the need and complexity of the preparation technology of its working fluid and, as a result, the complexity of the design, the need for high temperature sources, the inability to use low potential heat, for example, from natural or man-made sources, low efficiency.

The purpose of the utility model is to create a device for converting low-potential thermal energy of the environment and / or technological processes by using the difference in their temperatures when a temperature difference affects a low-temperature boiling liquid (for example, freon), and using its transitions to aggregate states from liquid to gaseous phases for environmentally friendly conversion of the expansion energy of the gaseous phase of a low-temperature boiling liquid into the mechanical energy of an air compressor membrane ora, aeronautical and mechanical rotation of the turbine into electrical energy.

Utility Model Implementation

This goal is achieved due to the fact that a device for converting low-potential thermal energy of the environment into mechanical and electrical energy, containing a block of a high-potential heat source, a closed loop with an intermediate heat carrier, a power turbine, heat exchangers for heating and cooling the working fluid for converting liquid and gas phase energy into mechanical and electrical energy due to the use of the difference in ambient temperature when exposed to low-boiling liquid, excellent in that the heat energy storage unit of the heat source unit is connected to the heat exchanger of the heat compressor housing through dividing ball valves, the membrane in the heat compressor housing is connected to the suction and discharge valves of the air medium, the gaseous and liquid phases of the low-temperature boiling liquid of the heat compressor housing are connected to the cooling chamber through the separation valves of the gaseous and liquid phases of the low-temperature boiling liquid, the cooling circuit of the cooling chamber nen with a cooling unit, control circuits for dividing valves of gaseous and liquid phases of low-temperature boiling liquid are connected to a power amplification unit, which is connected by a valve control circuit to a control device, which is connected by a power circuit to a control and control unit, and an input from external source of electrical energy (stationary industrial network and / or external independent source) for the initial start-up of the control device also contains a generator circuit ka, an electric current output circuit, and the control and management unit is equipped with a control device power button, an offline control device switch button and an off button, and the air turbine is connected to the current generator shaft and connected through the pneumatic line to the discharge valve of the membrane of the heat compressor housing.

Brief Description of the Drawings

Figure 1 shows a structural diagram of a low-potential energy converter of the environment and / or industrial processes, where 1 is a heat source unit, 2 is a heat compressor unit, 3 is a cold source unit, 4 is a current generator unit, 5 is a thermal energy storage device, 6 - Heat heating circuit, 7 - Ball valves, 8 - Inlet pipe, 9 - Heat compressor housing, 10 - Freon, 11 - Heat exchanger, 12 - Membrane, 13 - Suction valve, 14 - Pressure valve, 15 - Pipe for the gas phase of freon , 16 - Branch pipe for a liquid phase of freon, 17 - The device at equalization, 18 - Valve control circuit, 19 - Power amplification unit, 20 - Freon gas phase isolator control circuit, 21 - Freon liquid phase isolator control circuit, 22 - Freon gas phase isolator valve, 23 - Freon liquid phase isolator valve, 24 - Cooling chamber, 25 - Cooling circuit, 26 - Cooling unit, 27 - Pneumatic main, 28 - Air turbine, 29 - Current generator, 30 - Monitoring and control unit, 31 - Current generator circuit, 32 - Input from external electric current source , 33 - Output electric unit current, 34 - Power supply circuit of the control device 17, 35 - Power button for the control device 17, 36 - Button for switching the control device to stand-alone mode from circuit 31, 37 - Power button. Figure 2. shows a diagram of the valve 21 draining the liquid phase of freon from the cooling chamber 24 into the housing of the thermal compressor 9.

In figure 3. shows a diagram of the valve 22 of the removal of the gaseous phase of freon from the housing of the thermal compressor 9 in the cooling chamber 24.

Figure 4. shows a diagram of the change in pressure of freon in the housing of the thermal compressor 9, acting on the membrane 12.

In the diagrams:

Тrk - operating time of the thermal compressor in the air injection mode,

Тsp - time of combined opening of valves 22 and 23, Тi - time of valve control pulse duration (the same for valves 22 and 23), Тп - time of control signal period (same for valves 22 and 23), Тсф - freon discharge time through valve 23 from the cooling chamber 24 to the heat pump body 9, ΔT is the time of the delay phase of the control signal of the valve 23 for draining the freon liquid phase from the cooling chamber 24, with respect to the control signal of the valve 22 for removing the gaseous phase of freon from the heat pump body 9.

Utility Model Implementation

The device can be implemented on the basis of a converter of low potential environmental energy and / or industrial processes.

Through the use of low-potential thermal energy of the environment and / or technogenic processes, namely, the difference in their temperature, by affecting a low-temperature boiling liquid (for example, freon), its aggregate state changes - the transition from the liquid to the gaseous phase and vice versa, an environmentally friendly the conversion energy of the expansion of the gaseous phase of the low-temperature boiling liquid into the mechanical energy of the membrane of the air compressor, and then into the mechanical energy of rotation Ear turbine into electrical energy.

The principle of operation of the device is based on the conversion of low-potential thermal energy of the environment and / or technogenic processes through the use of a temperature difference when a temperature difference affects a low-temperature boiling liquid (for example, freon), and the use of its transitions to aggregate states from liquid to gaseous phases for environmentally friendly conversion energy of expansion of the gaseous phase of a low-temperature boiling liquid into the mechanical energy of the membrane of an air compressor, and ical air turbine rotation energy into electrical energy. The device is implemented using a block of a high potential heat source, a closed loop with an intermediate heat carrier, a power turbine, heat exchangers for heating and cooling the working fluid to convert the energy of the liquid and gas phases into mechanical and electrical energy. The difference between the device is the thermal energy storage unit of the heat source unit is connected to the heat exchanger of the heat compressor casing through dividing ball valves, the membrane in the heat compressor casing is connected to the suction and discharge valves of the air medium, the gaseous and liquid phases of the low-temperature boiling liquid of the heat compressor casing are connected to the cooling chamber through isolation valves for the gaseous and liquid phases of the low-temperature boiling liquid, the cooling circuit of the chamber lodgement is connected to the cooling unit, the control circuit of the separation valves of the gaseous and liquid phases of the low-temperature boiling liquid is connected to the power amplification unit, which is connected by the valve control circuit to the control device, which is connected by a power circuit to the control and control unit, the input from an external source of electrical energy (stationary industrial network and / or an external independent source) for the initial start-up of the control device, the generator circuit and the electric current output circuit, and the control unit controls the power button is provided with a control device, the switching button control device in an autonomous mode and use off-air turbine is connected to the alternator shaft and connected through a discharge valve pnevmomagistral membrane thermal compressor housing.

The principle of operation of the low-potential energy converter of the environment and / or industrial processes is based on the following.

The initial state of the device. Ball valves - 7 closed. Low-temperature boiling liquid (for example, freon) - 10 is poured into the case of the thermal compressor - 9, through the filler pipe 8. Using the button - 36, the control device 17 is launched on the circuit 34 and on the circuit 18 through the power amplification unit 19, the control circuits 20 and 21 are received control signals of valves 22 and 23. A diagram of the operation of the valves is presented in Fig.2 and Fig.3.

The operation of the device. Ball valves - 7 are opened, and through the thermal heating circuit - 6 from the thermal energy storage 5 to the heat exchanger - 11 located in the housing of the thermal compressor - 9, thermal energy is supplied, which leads to a phase transition from the liquid phase of the low-temperature boiling liquid - 10 to phase gaseous state, and the pressure in the body of the heat pump - 9 increases (see Figure 4).

In accordance with Figure 2, Figure 3, the diagrams of operation of the valves - 22 and 23, and the cycle of operation of the thermal compressor - 9, occurs in accordance with the processes presented in Figure 4, which can be represented in the form of the following phases, determined through time parameters of valves 22 and 23.

Phase 1. Freon boiling and pressure increase in the case of the thermal compressor - 9 and air release from the valve - 14 (Тrk). Valves 22 and 23 are closed. Phase 2. Opening the valve - 22 and the gaseous phase of the low-temperature boiling liquid entering the cooling chamber - 24, a sharp drop in pressure in the cooling chamber - 24, and, as a result, the further absorption of the gaseous phase of the low-temperature boiling liquid into the cooling chamber - 24, and its condensation into the liquid in the lower part of the cooling chamber - 24 (Tsp).

Phase 3. Valve opening - 23 with the combined opening time of valves 22 and 23 (Tsp). Due to the excess pressure of the liquid phase of the low-temperature boiling liquid in the cooling chamber - 24, the latter enters the pipe 16 and then into the housing of the thermal compressor - 9. Transport delay of the liquid phase of the low-temperature boiling liquid during movement in the pipe - 16 and the time of the joint opening of valves 22 and 23 - Tsp, provides synchronization of the processes of phase transitions liquid - gas and vice versa.

Phase 4. Closing of the valve - 22 and valve - 23 (Trk). Transition to Phase 1. Next, the cycle of operation of the thermal compressor is repeated.

The change in pressure in the housing of the heat compressor - 9 pumps air into the membrane through valve 13 and through valve - 14 through the air line - 27 air enters the air turbine - 28, the rotary current generator - 29, the output of which is connected by a circuit 31 to the control and control unit - thirty.

Upon reaching the operating mode of the current generator - 29, the button 36 is switched to transfer the device to stand-alone operation and the output of the electric current - 33 is connected to the circuit - 31 of the current generator - 29.

Claims (1)

A device for converting low-potential thermal energy of the environment into mechanical and electrical energy, containing a block of a high-potential heat source, a closed loop with an intermediate heat carrier, a power turbine, heat exchangers for heating and cooling the working fluid for converting the energy of the liquid and gas phases into mechanical and electrical energy through the use of the difference in ambient temperature when exposed to a low boiling liquid, characterized in that the thermal energy storage device b the heat source lock is connected to the heat exchanger of the heat compressor housing through dividing ball valves, the membrane in the heat compressor housing is connected to the suction and discharge valves of the air medium, the gaseous and liquid phases of the low-temperature boiling liquid of the heat compressor housing are connected to the cooling chamber through the separation valves of the gaseous and liquid phases low-temperature boiling liquid, the cooling circuit of the cooling chamber is connected to the cooling unit, the control circuit times The vent valves of the gaseous and liquid phases of the low-temperature boiling liquid are connected to a power amplification unit, which is connected by a valve control circuit to a control device, which is connected by a power circuit to a control and control unit, and an input from an external source of electric energy is connected to the control and control unit (stationary industrial network and / or external independent source) for the initial start-up of the control device also comprises a current generator circuit, an electric current output circuit, the control and control unit is equipped with a control device power button, an autonomous mode switch button for the control device, and an off button, and the air turbine is connected to the shaft of the current generator and connected via a pneumatic line to the discharge valve of the membrane of the heat compressor housing.