RU103323U1 - DEVICE FOR PRESSING PRODUCTS FROM BUILDING MIXES - Google Patents

Abstract

 1. A device for pressing products from building mixtures, including a fixed bed, a table with vibrators, connected to the bed by means of vibration-isolating supports, a traverse with punches and a bottomless matrix closed along the perimeter, contacting through the pallet with the table surface, cylinders of vertical movements of the matrix and traverse of the punches, characterized in that the traverse of the punches and the matrix are connected to the respective cylinders of vertical displacements mounted on a cylinder common to each pair in the matrix and traverse rods with fixed removable pistons. ! 2. The device according to claim 1, characterized in that the rods are mounted on a vibrating table. ! 3. The device according to claim 1, characterized in that the rods are mounted on a bed, and the matrix is connected to the respective cylinders by means of vibration isolating supports.

Description

The utility model relates to the construction industry, namely, devices for pressing concrete products.

Known devices for pressing products from concrete mixtures containing a punch, a matrix, a vibrating table with a pallet mounted on a bed with the possibility of mutual movement (AS USSR No. 10004097, B28B 1/08, AS No. 1269997, B28B 1/08, RF patents No. 2038210, B28B 5/04, No. 2112643, B28B 3/04, 1/08).

The disadvantages of these devices include an overly complex design due to the fact that special guide columns are used to center the forming tooling, and separate hydraulic cylinders are used for vertical movement.

Closest to the proposed device is a device according to the patent of the Russian Federation No. 2230659, B28 1/08, 2002

The device includes a fixed bed, a movable table with vibrators, guiding columns, casing guiding columns of the yoke with a punch and a bottomless matrix closed around the perimeter, mounted on brackets and in contact with the table surface through the pallet, cylinders for vertical movements of the matrix and punch. The bed is equipped with fixed table supports and elastic bushings with guides, vibration-isolating column supports located in the upper part of the bed, and columns with stops on top are fixedly mounted on the matrix brackets with their lower part. In addition, the matrix and the punch are connected directly to the table with cylinders of vertical movements mounted on the table.

The disadvantages of the known device include the excessive complexity of the design.

The task to which the proposed utility model is directed is to simplify the design and reduce the mass of the vibrating parts.

The problem is solved in that in the device for pressing products from building mixtures, including a fixed bed, a table with vibrators, connected to the bed by means of vibration-isolating supports, a traverse with punches and a bottomless matrix closed around the perimeter that contacts through the pallet with the table surface, cylinders of vertical displacements of a matrix and a traverse of punches, according to a useful model of a traverse of punches and a matrix are connected with the corresponding cylinders of vertical displacements, embedded on the rods common to each pair of cylinders of the matrix and traverse with fixed removable pistons. The rods can be rods mounted on a vibrating table or mounted on a bed, and the matrix is connected to the respective cylinders by means of vibration isolating supports.

The inventive device differs from the closest analogue in that it does not have special guide columns, and their purpose is performed by the rods common to the cylinders of the matrix and punch, there are no sliding units, their functions are performed by hydraulic cylinders.

The proposed design consists of a significantly smaller number of parts, which allows to reduce the mass of the vibrating parts, and, consequently, the energy consumption for vibration.

The problem is solved without the use of special materials and technologies, that is, the technical solution meets the criterion of "industrial applicability".

The essence of the utility model is illustrated by drawings, where Fig. 1 schematically shows a device in the pressing position upon application of vibrational influences; figure 2 - embodiment of a removable piston; figure 3 a section along aa in figure 2; figure 4 is a variant of the device with rods - guides mounted on the frame.

The device includes a fixed frame 1, on which a vibration table 3 with unbalance-vibrators 4 is installed through vibration-absorbing supports 2.

On the vibrating table 3 there is a pallet 5, pressed by a bottomless matrix 6, which includes punches 7 mounted on a crosshead 8 connected to hydraulic cylinders 9 of the vertical movements of the punches. The matrix 6 is mounted on the cylinders 10 of the vertical displacements of the matrix 6.

The cylinders 9 and 10 of the vertical displacements are mounted on rods 11 common to them with removable pistons 12 fixedly mounted on the rods 11. The rods 11 are fixedly mounted on the vibration table 3.

The traverse of the punches 8 is made in the form of a “shifter”, that is, it can be fixed as shown in FIG. 1 with long punches 7 or can be turned upside down to fix short punches. This is done to reduce the stroke of the hydraulic cylinders 9 in order to reduce the total height of the rods.

Figure 2 shows one of the options for fixing the removable piston 12 on the rod 11.

The piston 12 is equipped with fixed seals 13 and a movable seal 14 (for example, of the SELEMASTER type), which is supported through the ring 15 with split inserts 16 that are installed in the grooves of the rod 11 and screwed onto the piston 12, as well as fixed by a lock 17 in the form of an elastic (spring) ring ) wire.

The shape of the latch 17 is shown in figure 3, which also shows the plane of the connector I-I split liners 16.

Figure 4 shows a variant of the arrangement of the device, the feature of which is that the rod guides 11 are fixed on the frame 1 motionless, and the matrix 6 is connected to the cylinders of its vertical displacements 10 by means of vibration isolating supports 18. It is possible to manufacture these supports from sheet rubber (with design stiffnesses of these elements).

The device operates as follows.

The pallet 5 is mounted on the vibrating table 3 and the matrix 6 is lowered onto the pallet 5, pressing the pallet 5 against the vibrating table with a certain controlled force, determined by the pressure in the corresponding cavity of the cylinder 10 of the movements of the matrix 6.

The punches 7 mounted on the crosshead 8 are lifted by means of cylinders 9 to the upper position.

The mixture is loaded into the matrix 6, the mixture is briefly turned on by vibration of the vibrating table, the mixture is distributed throughout the matrix, adding the mixture to the upper cut of the matrix.

The punch 7 is lowered into the matrix 6, moving the crosshead 8 downwards through the cylinders 9 with a certain “load” force due to the pressure difference in the cavities of the cylinders 9 above and below the pistons 12.

Turn vibration on by unbalance rotation 4.

Under the influence of vibration acceleration and the efforts of the “load”, the mixture is laid to the required height of the product, after which the vibration is stopped and the position of the punches is fixed by locking the cavities above and below the pistons of the 12 cylinders 9.

Then the matrix 6 is lifted up, after the product is released, the punches are lifted up.

The pallet with the products is removed from the vibrating table, after which the cycle repeats.

By changing the pressure in the respective cavities of the hydraulic cylinders 9 and 10, the interaction forces of the structural elements are regulated, which in turn determines the magnitude of the vibration accelerations acting on the mixture, i.e. degree (quality) of styling.

For more massive dies, respectively, and punches and rod guides, the preferred arrangement of the device shown in Fig.4.

In the proposed device, it is possible to change the forces of interaction of structural elements even during laying of the mixture, i.e. during exposure to vibration (“on the go”) by changing the pressure in the cavities of the hydraulic cylinders of the drive for vertical displacements of the matrix and the crosshead of the punches.

The positive properties of the proposed design include the unification of cylinder covers, pistons, rods, which is important for serial production of devices.

Claims (3)

1. A device for pressing products from building mixtures, including a fixed bed, a table with vibrators, connected to the bed by means of vibration-isolating supports, a traverse with punches and a bottomless matrix closed along the perimeter, contacting through the pallet with the table surface, cylinders of vertical movements of the matrix and traverse of the punches, characterized in that the traverse of the punches and the matrix are connected to the respective cylinders of vertical displacements mounted on a cylinder common to each pair in the matrix and traverse rods with fixed removable pistons. 2. The device according to claim 1, characterized in that the rods are mounted on a vibrating table. 3. The device according to claim 1, characterized in that the rods are mounted on a bed, and the matrix is connected to the respective cylinders by means of vibration isolating supports.