RU101740U1 - ROTARY WIND WHEEL WITH COMBINED BLADES FOR A WIND ENGINE - Google Patents

Abstract

 1. The rotary wind wheel of the wind turbine, characterized in that it contains at least two blades radially arranged around the boss and blades rigidly attached to it of two different types: driving and driven, kinematically connected to each other using a gear mechanism, the gear ratio of which is selected from the conditions of optimal operation the driven blade, while the boss is made with the possibility of fixing on the working shaft of the wind turbine. ! 2. The rotary wind wheel according to claim 1, characterized in that the driving blade contains a self-rotating Savonius rotor, and the driven blade is made in the form of a Fletner rotor-cylinder. ! 3. The rotary wind wheel according to claim 1, characterized in that the transmission mechanism is made in the form of a belt drive. ! 4. The rotary wind wheel according to claim 1, characterized in that the transmission mechanism is made in the form of a gear transmission. ! 5. The rotary wind wheel according to claim 1, characterized in that the kinematic connection of the blades is carried out by means of a frontal friction gear. ! 6. The rotary wind wheel according to claim 2, characterized in that a stiffening frame is included in the design of both the driving and driven rotors. ! 7. The rotary wind wheel according to claim 2, characterized in that the leading rotors include a uncoupling mechanism of the friction centrifugal clutch located between the leading rotor and the introduced angular gear transmission. ! 8. The rotor wind wheel according to claim 2, characterized in that the driving rotor is equipped with an electric generator, and the driven rotor contains an electric motor. ! 9. The rotary wind wheel according to claim 6, characterized in that it is equipped with a flywheel-accumulator, is placed�

Description

The utility model relates to energy and can be used in wind turbines to convert wind energy into mechanical energy.

A working (rotary) wind wheel is known to work due to the Magnus effect (with the number of blades more than one). The blades of the wind wheel are Savonius rotors, both with and without aerodynamic end washers, located radially with respect to the working shaft and rigidly fastened to it (see B.N. Kondrashov, V.V. Antonov, “Two aerodynamic effects of rotor of wind engines ", Interuniversity collection. Issues of Applied Physics, SSU, Issue 7, 2001, p.16).

The disadvantages of such a wind wheel are the lower aerodynamic quality of the Savonius self-rotating rotor compared to forcibly rotating cylinders.

Known rotor wind turbine operating on the Magnus effect, in which the rotor cylinders included in the impeller are rotated, through a gear system, with a traditional blade wind turbine located in front of the rotor wind wheel and coaxial with it (see RF patent No. 2067211, IPC F03D 1/00, F03D 1/06).

However, the separation in the wind turbines of the impellers on the drive and working, in essence, leads to the union of two wind-wheels located one after another. Moreover, the rotor wind wheel is located in a perturbed air stream created by the blade wind wheel, which negatively affects the aerodynamics of the impeller rotors.

A wind turbine with Magnus rotors is known, containing a wind wheel with a horizontal shaft, radial blades in the form of cylinders with end disks, drives for rotating cylinders and an electric generator, the drives being made in the form of Savonius rotors that are mounted on the axes of rotation of the cylinders and are rigidly connected to them (see RF patent No. 2189494, IPC F03D 1/00).

However, when combined in one blade and the rotor-cylinder, and the Savonius rotor rigidly connected with it, it is not possible to create the optimal mode between the angular speed of rotation of rotors of a heterogeneous design and the speed of the incoming flow.

A known wind turbine with rotor blades and three degrees of freedom, a working wind wheel, which consists of a Savonius rotor and a Fletner rotor cylinder, rigidly fastened on a common axis and located on opposite sides of the boss relative to the working shaft. The introduced additional axis turns the rotors into a system with three degrees of freedom, and the working movement of the wind wheel is carried out due to Magnus forces and gyroscopic forces (see RF patent No. 2317440, IPC F03D 1/00).

However, the combination on one common axis of two rotors - self-rotating - Savonius and the Fletner rotor-cylinder rotated by them, located on opposite sides relative to the axis of the working shaft, leads to the emergence of forces acting in opposite directions, thereby reducing the contribution of aerodynamic forces to the working movement of the wind wheel and gyroscopic forces make the main contribution to the movement.

The objective of the utility model is to increase the aerodynamic quality of the working (rotary) wind turbine of a wind turbine with rotor blades using the Magnus effect as the main one for bringing the working wind wheel into rotation.

The technical result consists in combining in one working wind wheel rotor blades for various purposes, self-rotating - leading and driven by leading - driven blades.

The problem is achieved in that the rotor wind wheel of the wind turbine contains at least two blades radially arranged around the boss and blades rigidly fastened with it of two different types: driving and driven, kinematically connected to each other using a gear mechanism, the gear ratio of which is selected from the conditions of the optimal mode the work of the driven blade, while the boss is made with the possibility of fixing on the working shaft of the wind turbine.

The leading blade contains a self-rotating Savonius rotor, and the driven blade is made in the form of a Fletner rotor-cylinder.

The transmission mechanism is made in the form of a belt drive or in the form of a gear transmission.

The kinematic connection of the blades is carried out by means of a frontal friction transmission.

The design of both the leading and driven rotors includes a stiffness frame.

The rotor wind wheel is equipped with a flywheel-accumulator located on the stiffness frame.

The leading rotors include the uncoupling mechanism of the friction centrifugal clutch located between the leading rotor and the introduced angular gear transmission.

The leading rotor is equipped with an electric generator, and the driven rotor contains an electric motor.

The utility model is illustrated by drawings, where in Fig. 1 is a general view of a two-blade wind wheel with belt transmission (drive) of torque from a driving blade to a driven one (side view); figure 2 - shows a General view of a two-blade wind turbine with gear transmission of torque from the leading blade to the driven (side view); figure 3 - shows a General view of a wind wheel with any number of blades and a drive from the leading blade to the driven using a frontal friction gear (side view); figure 4 - shows a General view of the wind wheel with any number of blades angular bevel gear, centrifugal friction clutch, frame stiffness and flywheel (side view); figure 5 - shows a General view of a rotary wind turbine with any number of blades and electric transmission of torque (side view),

Where

1. axis of the driving rotor;

2. drive rotor (Savonius rotor);

3. drive pulley;

4. intermediate pulley;

5. driven rotor (Fletner rotor-cylinder);

6. axis of the driven rotor;

7. boss;

8. working shaft;

9. stiffness frame;

10. axle of intermediate pulleys;

11. driven pulley;

12. pinion gear;

13. intermediate gears;

14. driven gear;

15. front wheel drive;

16. intermediate disk frontal transmission;

17. driven wheel frontal transmission;

18. flywheel-accumulator (shell);

19. friction centrifugal clutch;

20. electric generator rotor;

21. electric motor.

The rotor blade of a wind turbine is a wind receiving element of a wind turbine, which is part of the construction of the wind turbine, which is one or another type of rotating rotor, the axis of which is located radially relative to the axis of the working shaft and fastened with it in one way or another, in order to transmit torque, arising from the interaction of the air flow with a rotating rotor to the working shaft.

In the claimed utility model, the blades are divided according to their purpose into two types - leading and driven.

The leading blade contains a self-rotating Savonius rotor, which when interacting with the incoming air stream creates a large torque relative to the axis of the rotor, but not too large torque relative to the working shaft arising due to Magnus force, when the incident flow interacts with the Savonius rotor.

The Savonius rotor rotating in the air stream, the so-called wing rotor, does not require an external drive and is a self-rotating device.

The Fletner cylinder is driven into rotation by some engine external to it; in our case, this function is performed by the Savonius rotor.

The leading blade consists of a Savonius rotor 2 self-rotating on the axis of the leading rotor 1, and the axis of the rotor 1 is connected in one way or another to the boss 7, which transfers torque from the Savonius rotor 2 to the working shaft of the wind turbine 8.

The driven blade contains a cylinder 5, rotated around the axis 6, by some external device, the so-called Fletner rotor-cylinder, which when interacting with the incoming air flow creates due to the Magnus force the maximum torque possible for the rotors relative to the axis of the working shaft 8.

The device (figure 1) is a working wind turbine of a wind turbine, consisting of two blades located radially and symmetrically relative to the boss 7, fastened to the working shaft 8 of the wind turbine. Moreover, according to the decision, one of the blades is a self-rotating rotor - for example, a Savonius rotor 2, equipped with end aerodynamic washers, rotating around axis 1, rigidly fastened to the boss 7 - this is the leading blade. The second blade is a driven one, which is a cylinder with end aerodynamic washers - the Fletner rotor-cylinder 5, which can rotate around an axis 6, rigidly fastened to the boss 7. Torque is transmitted from the driving blade to the driven one by a belt drive consisting of a driving pulley 3, rigidly coupled to a self-rotating rotor 2, intermediate pulleys 4 fastened to the axis of the intermediate pulleys 10 and the driven pulley 11, rigidly connected with the rotor-cylinder Fletner 5, and the rotation of the leading and driven blades roiskhodit in opposite directions.

The device (figure 2) is a two-blade working wind wheel similar to the above, but the transmission of torque from the driving blade 2 to the driven 5 is carried out by a gear transmission consisting of a driving gear 12, rigidly connected by a Savonius rotor 2, a driving blade, intermediate gears 13 and driven gear 14, rigidly connected with the rotor-cylinder of Fletner 6 - driven blades.

The device (figure 3) is a working wind wheel, consisting of any number of blades located radially relative to the boss 7, fastened to the working shaft 8. Some of the blades are self-rotating around the axis 1, rigidly fastened to the boss 7, the rotors of Savonius 2, and part of the blades rotors -Fletner cylinders 5, capable of rotating around axles 6, rigidly fastened to the boss 7. Transmission of torque (rotational) moment from the Savonius rotors 2 to the Fletner 5 rotor cylinders due to the frontal friction gear and consisting of a driving wheel 15, rigidly fastened to the Savonius rotor 2, driven wheel 17, rigidly associated with the rotor-Fletnera cylinder 5 and the intermediate disk frontal friction gear 16.

The device (figure 4) is a working wind wheel, consisting of any number of blades located radially relative to the boss 7, rigidly fastened to the working shaft 8, as in the previous case, the blades are divided into driven and leading. But, unlike the previous version, the axes of the blades 1 and 6 have additional support points due to the introduction of the stiffening frame 9 fixed to the boss 7 into the blades of the working wind wheel. In addition, according to the solution, the flywheel-accumulator 18, which is a hoop, is introduced into the working wind wheel , covering the blades of the working wind wheel, fastened to the end of the stiffening frame 9 far from the boss 7 and located symmetrically with respect to the axis of the working shaft 8. The torque is transmitted from the driving blade 2 to the driven 5 I helical pinion gear consisting of a pinion 12 associated with the Savonius rotor 2 via a centrifugal clutch 19, the friction, the driven gear 14 rigidly connected to the cylinder-Fletnera rotor 5 and the intermediate gear 13.

The device (figure 5) is a working wind wheel, consisting of any number of blades located radially relative to the boss 7, rigidly fastened to the working shaft 8, as in previous cases. But here, the drive blade drives the current generator, rigidly, or through, for example, a friction centrifugal clutch connected to the Savonius rotor 2 (not shown in FIG. 5, but similar to clutch 19, shown in FIG. 4). The energy received by the generator is transmitted to the driven blades, which include Fletner 5 rotor cylinders, driven by electric motors of the drives, the axes of which are connected to the axes of the electric motors (in order not to load a figure, there are no wires transmitting electricity from the generator to the motor and electronic control units of the electric motor ) One driving blade with a generator can provide energy from one to several driven blades.

In figures 1-5, so as not to load them, devices that limit the axial displacement of parts of the working wind wheel, for example, retaining rings, are not shown, and the number of rotors shown is limited to two. Among other things, for self-rotating rotors - the name Savonius rotor is used, although it is possible to use any other self-rotating rotors and turbines, for example Gorlov turbines.

The working wind wheel shown in figure 1, operates as follows.

The impeller is guided by the wind, i.e., so that the axis of the working shaft 8 coincides with the direction of the wind, the working wind wheel towards the wind. The air flow incident on the windwheel spins the freely rotating Savonius rotor 2, which enters the driving blade, around the axis 1 and transmits torque through the transmission mechanism from the Savonius rotor 2, through the driving 3, intermediate 4 and driven 11 pulley belt pulleys to the Fletner rotor-cylinder 5 entering the driven blade. The blades, leading and driven, begin to rotate around their axes 1 and 6, and, in opposite directions and interacting with the incoming air flow, under the action of the Magnus force they create a pair of forces, the torque of which causes the working wind wheel, and with it the working shaft 8, rotate around the axis of the working shaft.

The two-bladed working wind wheel shown in FIG. 2 works in a similar way. The difference from the previous version is that the torque from the driving blade 2 to the driven 5 is carried out by a gear from the driving gear 12 coupled to the Savonius rotor 2, through the intermediate gears 13, to the driven gear 14 coupled to the Fletner rotor-cylinder 5.

The working wind wheel shown in figure 3 may contain any number of leading and driven blades, both odd and even, and one Savonius rotor 2, can rotate at least one rotor-cylinder Fletner 5.

Working wind wheel, shown in figure 3, works as follows.

The working wind wheel is guided, as in previous versions, to the wind, an incoming air stream spins the Savonius rotor 2, which transmits torque from the driving wheel 15, rigidly coupled to the Savonius rotor 2 through the intermediate disk 16 of the frontal friction transmission to the driven wheel 17, rigidly connected with the Fletner rotor-cylinder 5 through the frontal friction gear. Spinning Savonius rotors 2 and Fletner 5 rotors-cylinders, interacting with the incoming air stream, under the influence of the aerodynamic force of Magnus, give the whole working wind wheel and working shaft 8 rigidly connected to it, torque around the axis of the working shaft 1 or 6.

The working wind wheel shown in figure 4, may include any number of blades, both leading and driven, but not less than two, one of which must be leading. The wind wheel works as follows.

The working wind wheel is oriented to the wind, i.e. so that the axis of the working shaft coincides with the direction of the wind, with a working wind wheel towards the wind. The air flow incident on the windwheel spins the Savonius 2 rotor freely rotating on axis 1. The torque arising from this is transmitted to the friction centrifugal clutch 19, which initially disconnects the Savonius 2 rotor from the mechanism transmitting torque from the driving blade to the driven one, which reduces the value of the moving moment and allows us to reduce to the minimum, for this type of self-rotating rotor, the air flow velocity at which the rotor is set in motion. When the rotor reaches the calculated rotation speed, the friction centrifugal clutch 19 engages the Savonius rotor 2 with the pinion gear 12 of the angular gear transmission and it transmits torque through the intermediate gear 13, the driven gear 14, rigidly coupled to the Fletner rotor-cylinder 5. The transmission mechanism is not only provides torque transmission from the leading blade 2 to the driven 5, but also determines the desired direction of rotation and the optimal rotation speed of the Fletner rotor-cylinder 5, which is determined by the design of the gear mechanism and its reduction. The rotor blades that came into rotation, both driven and driven, interacting with the incoming air flow create, under the influence of Magnus aerodynamic force, the rotational moment of the rotors included in both the driving and driven blades, and, consequently, the entire working wind wheel, rigidly through the boss 7 associated with the working shaft 8, relative to the axis of the working shaft. Thus, the working movement of the wind wheel is carried out.

The working wind wheel shown in figure 5 works as follows. The incoming air stream spins the Savonius rotor 2. It transmits torque to the rotor of the electric generator 20, which, through the control unit, transfers electricity to the electric motor 21 of the driven blade. The electric motor 21 drives the Fletner rotor-cylinder 5, which is rigidly connected with it, which can include any number of blades, both leading and driven, but not less than two, but with any number of blades, at least one of them must be leading. A self-rotating rotor, for example, a Savonius rotor 2, which is part of the driving blade, rotates the rotor of the electric generator 20, the axis of which is rigidly, or through couplings and a gearbox not shown in the figure, connected with a self-rotating rotor. The electric energy obtained in the electric generator 20 is transmitted through an electronic control unit (not shown in FIG. 5) to an electric motor 21, which is part of the driven blade, the axis of the electric motor being rigidly connected to the Savonius rotor 2.

The combination of rotor blades for different purposes allows you to get maximum torque on the leading blades and maximum aerodynamic effect on the driven blades.

Claims (9)

1. The rotary wind wheel of the wind turbine, characterized in that it contains at least two blades radially arranged around the boss and blades rigidly attached to it of two different types: driving and driven, kinematically connected to each other using a gear mechanism, the gear ratio of which is selected from the conditions of optimal operation the driven blade, while the boss is made with the possibility of fixing on the working shaft of the wind turbine. 2. The rotary wind wheel according to claim 1, characterized in that the driving blade contains a self-rotating Savonius rotor, and the driven blade is made in the form of a Fletner rotor-cylinder. 3. The rotary wind wheel according to claim 1, characterized in that the transmission mechanism is made in the form of a belt drive. 4. The rotary wind wheel according to claim 1, characterized in that the transmission mechanism is made in the form of a gear transmission. 5. The rotary wind wheel according to claim 1, characterized in that the kinematic connection of the blades is carried out by means of a frontal friction gear. 6. The rotary wind wheel according to claim 2, characterized in that a stiffening frame is included in the design of both the driving and driven rotors. 7. The rotary wind wheel according to claim 2, characterized in that the leading rotors include a uncoupling mechanism of the friction centrifugal clutch located between the leading rotor and the introduced angular gear transmission. 8. The rotor wind wheel according to claim 2, characterized in that the driving rotor is equipped with an electric generator, and the driven rotor contains an electric motor. 9. The rotary wind wheel according to claim 6, characterized in that it is equipped with a flywheel-battery located on the stiffness frame.