RO130985A0 - Air-conditioning and engine cooling installation for motor vehicles, using exhaust gases - Google Patents

Abstract

The invention relates to an installation for air-conditioning and for cooling the internal combustion engine, using exhaust gases, which drives the motor vehicles, with no consumption of engine power and which may be used in the machine building industry for passengers and freight transportation means, utility vehicles, tractors, agricultural machines, special equipments for constructions and other equipments driven by internal combustion engines. According to the invention, the installation consists of a suction apparatus (A) with multiple pipes, a heat exchanger (B), some filters (f, f, fand f) for filtering the atmospheric air and some adjustable electrovalves (e,..., e) meant to adjust the air flow which circulates through pipes, which are controlled by a board computer or an electronic unit, separated from the control, the suction apparatus (A) absorbing the atmospheric air through a filter (f), an electrovalve (e), the heat exchanger (B), a pipe (2), another electrovalve (e), the air getting into the suction apparatus (A), wherefrom, through a pipe (3) is lead into a pipe (T) of the exhaust box, where it is mixed with the exhaust gas and it is discharged into the atmosphere, in the heat exchanger (B), this air circuit cooling the air from the second circuit (4) in some concentrical pipes (4, 5 and 6), air which is sent by an air-blower (E) into the vehicle, the circuit (4) comprising the air-blower (E), which absorbs the atmospheric air through the filter (f), the electrovalve (e) and the heat exchanger (B), where the air has to be very well filtered for removing impurities, pollen, other allergenic substances, while providing a certain humidity.

Description

AIR CONDITIONING AND ENGINE COOLING INSTALLATION

WITH THE HELP OF EXHAUST GASES

The invention relates to an air conditioning and cooling installation of an internal combustion engine that drives motor vehicles. It solves problems with a solution other than the existing ones, without consuming any of the engine power. The invention can be used in the automobile manufacturing industry such as: automobiles, means of transport of goods and people, special vehicles, tractors, machines used in agriculture, special construction equipment and other equipment driven by internal combustion engines.

The existing air conditioning systems are driven by the car's engine and consume part of the engine's power, which leads to increased fuel consumption by approx. 1 litre. The car engine drives a compressor that compresses the coolant to approx. 15 bar. The compressed liquid is cooled in a condenser, after which it evaporates in a vaporizer and thus absorbs heat from the air conditioning. The coolant contains environmentally harmful chemicals.

The car's engine is currently cooled by water or a special coolant, which is then cooled in a radiator by a fan driven by the car's engine. The fan consumes part of the engine power, which leads to a reduction in engine power and an increase in fuel consumption.

The invention solves the problem of air conditioning and cooling with the help of a vacuum cleaner, which works with the help of the residual heat of the engine exhaust gases. The air absorbed by the vacuum cleaner passes through a heat exchanger, in which the air required for air conditioning is cooled. The same vacuum cleaner absorbs air through a cooler, in which the water needed to cool the engine is cooled.

The invention solves the problem of air conditioning and engine cooling in all types of internal combustion engines (spark ignition engines and compression ignition engines), which drive the vehicles.

The invention is composed of two interrelated parts:

a. AIR CONDITIONING INSTALLATION that provides air conditioning in summer and winter.

b. COOLING INSTALLATION that ensures engine cooling.

1 5 - - 00376 (3 -ββ- 2015

Both parts work with the help of a vacuum cleaner (A), (fig. La), a vacuum cleaner that works with the help of the residual heat of the exhaust gases.

a. Air conditioning installation

The air conditioning system consists of a vacuum cleaner with multiple pipes (A), heat exchanger (B), filter for air filtration and electric valves (fig. La):

- fi, f ₂ , fs - filters for filtering atmospheric air.

- they, ..... β6 - adjustable electric valves with the help of which the air flow is regulated, which circulates through pipes. The "ei, ..... ee" solenoid valves are controlled by an on-board computer or electronic unit, separate from the control. The required temperature inside the car is set, and the on-board computer controls the solenoid valves, which are adjustable and thus adjust the required air flow in the heat exchanger to cool the air conditioning, which goes inside the car. The electric flaps work similarly to the carburetor flap. The flaps can also be controlled manually with the help of levers and cables.

The vacuum cleaner with multiple pipes (A), (fig. La), absorbs the atmospheric air through the filter (fi), the solenoid valve (e ₂ ), the heat exchanger (B), the pipe (2), the solenoid valve (s). Air enters the vacuum cleaner (A), from where it is sent through the pipe (3), into the exhaust pipe (T), where it mixes with the exhaust gas and is released into the atmosphere.

In the heat exchanger, this air circuit cools in some concentric pipes the air from the second circuit (4), (fig. La), air that is sent by the blower (E), inside the machine. The circuit (4) consists of the blower (E), which absorbs atmospheric air through the filter (f ₂ ), the solenoid valve (es) and the heat exchanger (B). This circuit is very important because the air must be filtered very well by impurities, pollen, other allergic substances and a certain humidity must be ensured.

The vacuum cleaner with multiple pipes is simplified in (fig. 2). It consists of a housing (1), in the shape of a rectangular parallelepiped. The housing (1) consists of two basins (2 and 3), joined together by metal pipes (4). The exhaust gas, which comes from the engine, enters the housing (1) through the orifice (5). The gas surrounds the pipes (4), which it heats and exits through the hole (6), through the exhaust pipe (1), (fig. La), the drum (T) and exits through the pipe (10), (fig. 1b) , in the atmosphere. The air, which comes from the heat exchanger (B), enters the basin (2), (fig. 2), through the orifice (7), passes through the pipes (4), heats up and rises alone in the basin (3), from where it goes through the hole (8) through the pipe (3), (fig. la), to the exhaust pipe of the muffler (T).

¢ 2015--00376ν ο -ΙΛΓ £ U 13

The multi-pipe vacuum cleaner works according to the following principle: in a metal pipe in a vertical or inclined position, if it is heated by any means, the air inside the pipe heats up and will circulate from the bottom up at a speed directly proportional to the temperature warming up. On this principle we built this vacuum cleaner with multiple pipes, which by increasing the number of pipes (pipes that can be placed in a row or several rows depending on needs) can be obtained a fairly powerful vacuum cleaner to provide the necessary air for cooling. The exhaust gas temperature is above 600 ° C, sufficient temperature to ensure optimal operation with a sufficiently high flow rate.

The exhaust pipe (T), (fig. 1b), has a special construction. It consists of the actual pipe (9), through which the exhaust gas leaves the drum, which is surrounded by another pipe (10), into which the hot air coming from the vacuum cleaner enters through the orifice (11). The exhaust gas, which flows through the pipe (9), comes out at a fairly high speed and thus absorbs the hot air between the two pipes, with which it mixes and is released into the atmosphere. Thus, the exhaust gas helps to make the vacuum cleaner work better. The air flow, which comes from the vacuum cleaner, is quite high, so that in the mixture with the exhaust gas a mixture is obtained, which is breathable.

The exhaust gas has a higher specific gravity than the air. Mixing the exhaust gas with the hot air results in a mixture with a specific gravity close to that of the air. This warm mixture mixes with the surrounding air and will rise much faster in the atmosphere, so that at ground level you will get cleaner air than before. In this way the invention also contributes to the improvement of the environment.

The heat exchanger is shown in a simplified drawing in (fig. 3). It consists of two basins (1) and (2), connected by a system of concentric pipes (3). The pipe system (3) consists of three concentric pipes (4), (5) and (6), (fig. 3a). Basin (1) is divided into three separate sectors (7), (8) and (9). Sector (7) and (8), (fig. 3a), communicate with each other. The basin (2) is divided into three separate sectors (10), (11) and (12), (fig. 3a). Sector (10) and (11) communicate with each other. The two basins (1) and (2) are connected by a system of concentric pipes (4), (5) and (6), (Fig. 3a), as follows:

- sector (11) communicates with sector (7) through pipes (5);

- sector (10) communicates with sector (8) through pipes (4);

- the sector (12) communicates with the sector (9) through pipes (6).

The group of concentric pipes (4), (5) and (6) are placed in two rows (fig. 3c). The number of pipes and the number of rows are determined according to the need for air.

The air absorbed by the vacuum cleaner (A), through the filter (fi), (fig. 3a), the solenoid valve (62), the orifice ^ 2015-- 00376ίΐ 3 -ΰϋ- 20ί5 (13), enters the sector (11), from where through pipes (5), passes into sector (7). As the sector (11) is joined to the sector (10), the air in the sector (11) passes into the sector (10), from where it passes through the space between the pipes (4) and (6) into the sector (8). Sector (8) communicates with sector (7) and so the air exits through the orifice (14), from where through the pipe (2), (fig. La), goes to the vacuum cleaner (A), passes through the pipes of the vacuum cleaner and reaches through the pipe ( 3), to the exhaust pipe (T). Sector (9), (fig. 3a), communicates with sector (12) through the space between the pipes (5) and (6). The air drawn in by the blower (E), (fig. La), is cooled in the heat exchanger (B).

The air sucked by the blower (E) passes through the filter (fz), the solenoid valve (es), (fig. La), through the orifice (15), (fig. 3a), reaches the sector (9), from where through the space between the pipes (5) and (6), reaches the sector (12), and through the hole (16) reaches the blower (E), then is sent inside the machine. As can be seen, the pipes (5) and (6) are in contact with the air drawn in by the vacuum cleaner, which takes over some of the heat from the air, which circulates between the pipes (5) and (6) and thus this air is cooled. The pipes (3) and (4), respectively (fig. 3a, 3b), pass through some metal plates (17).

The heat exchanger is mounted in front of the engine and in this way the air resulting from the movement of the machine cools the plates (17) and the pipes (4), thus further increasing the amount of heat taken up by the circuit (4). This is how the heat exchanger works, and with the help of electric valves you can adjust the air flow, which circulates through the two circuits. This is how cooling air at the desired temperature is obtained at the outlet of the blower (E).

The pipes (4), (5), (6) and the plates (17) can be made of aluminum and the basins of plastic. Pipes and plates can also be made of brass or copper, but they are heavier and more expensive.

Winter air conditioning: During the winter, the solenoid valve (62) is closed (fig. La), and the solenoid valve (64) is opened; Hot air enters the heat exchanger (B) through the duct (5), which will heat the air flowing through the duct (4). With the help of the blower (E) the hot air will reach the inside of the car. By combining hot and cold air, the programmed temperature can be obtained inside the machine.

b. Engine cooling system

The engine cooling system consists of the multi-pipe vacuum cleaner (A) and the cooler (C), (fig. La and fig. 4):

- the circuit (6), through which the vacuum cleaner (A) absorbs atmospheric air through the filter (fa), the solenoid valve (es), the cooler (C) and the solenoid valve (ee);

- the hot water circuit (7), through which the hot water, coming from the engine (M), is sent by means of a pump to the cooler (C). In the cooler the water is cooled in a system with concentric pipes, with the help of the air sucked by the vacuum cleaner;

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- the cold water circuit (8), through which the cooled water goes to the engine (M).

By opening the solenoid valves (e ₅ ) and (ee), (fig. La), the air circulates through the pipes (4) and (5), (fig. 4b), of the cooler (C) and cools the water, which circulates through the pipes ( 6), (fig. 4b), of the cooler (C).

With the help of the vacuum cleaner (A) a sufficient air flow can be ensured so that the engine coolant can be cooled under any conditions. The vacuum cleaner (A) can be constructed in such a way that by increasing the number of pipes (4), (fig. 2), it is possible to ensure the amount of air necessary to cool the coolant. The cooler (C) cools the engine coolant through the air drawn in by the vacuum cleaner, as well as through the air resulting from the movement of the machine, which cools the plates (17) and the pipes (4), (fig. 4b).

The vacuum cleaner ensures a sufficient air flow to cool the water and the radiator cooling fan can be dispensed with, thus increasing the useful power of the engine.

The cooler is shown by a simplified drawing in (fig. 4). It consists of two basins (1) and (2), connected by a system of concentric pipes (3):

- the pipe system (3) consists of three concentric pipes (4), (5) and (6);

- basin (1) is divided into three sectors (7), (8) and (9). Sector (7) communicates with sector (8);

- basin (2) is divided into three sectors (10), (11) and (12). Sector (10) and (11) communicate with each other;

- sector (11) communicates with sector (7) through pipes (5);

- sector (10) communicates with sector (8) through pipes (4);

- sector (12) communicates with sector (9) through pipes (6).

The group of concentric pipes (4), (5) and (6) are arranged in two rows. The number of pipes and the number of rows are determined according to the need for air.

The air drawn in by the vacuum cleaner (A) enters the atmosphere through the filter (fa), the solenoid valve (es), the orifice (13), in sector (11), from where it passes through sector (7) through pipes (5). As the sector (11) communicates with the sector (10), the air in the sector (11) passes into the sector (10), from where it passes through the pipes (4) into the sector (8). Sector (8) communicates with sector (7) and thus the air exits through the orifice (14), from where through the duct (6), (fig. 1), goes to the vacuum cleaner (A), passes through the vacuum cleaner pipes and through the duct (3). ) reaches the exhaust pipe (T). Sector (9) communicates with sector (12) through the space between pipes (5) and (6).

The hot water, which comes from the engine, enters through the hole (15) in the sector (9) and through the space between the pipes (5) and (6) reaches the sector (12), from where through the hole (16) it returns to the engine . The pipes (5) and (6) are in contact with the air sucked by the vacuum cleaner, which takes the heat from the water, which circulates through the pipes (6), cools it and thus the water reaches the engine at approx. 30 ° C and cools the engine.

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The pipes (4) pass through some metal plates (17).

The cooler is placed in front of the engine, the air resulting from the movement of the machine cools the plates (17) and pipes (4), thus further increasing the amount of heat taken from the water. In this way the chiller works and with the help of the electric valves (ej) and (ee) the volume of air required for water cooling can be adjusted.

The pipes are placed in two rows. The number of rows and the number of pipes shall be set in such a way as to provide the air necessary for cooling the water under any conditions.

This system ensures a very good cooling of the engine in any condition and you can give up the fan used so far. By giving up the fan, the useful power increases, the vibrations and the engine noise are reduced.

This invention consists of components with a simple construction, easy to make from common materials:

- the vacuum cleaner with multiple pipes (fig. 2) is a simple construction, being composed of a housing (1), which can be made of welded steel sheet, which can withstand temperatures above 600 ° C. The pipes (4) are made of steel, which must withstand a temperature above 600 ° C;

- the concentric pipe cooler (fig. 4) consists of two basins (1) and (2), the pipes (4), (5) and (6) and the plates (17). The pools can be made of plastic, but can also be made of aluminum sheet, copper or brass. Pipes (4), (5) and (6) are normal aluminum, brass or copper pipes. The plates (17) may be of aluminum sheet, brass or copper;

- the electric flaps are known and work similarly to the carburetor flap.

In addition, a simple car floor heating system can be made, as it is known that during the winter a layer of snow and ice forms under the car, which slows down the movement of the car and leads to increased fuel consumption. Through a simple construction with the help of pipes, which start from the vacuum cleaner, pass over the wheels, through the sills, to the exhaust pipe, the floor of the car is heated with the help of the warm air obtained and no ice is formed under the vehicle.

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In relation to the present state of the art in this field, the invention has the following advantages'.

- ensures optimal air conditioning in summer and winter without consuming any of the engine power;

- reduces fuel consumption by approx. 1 litre;

- uses the residual heat of the exhaust gases, heat, which is currently released into the atmosphere;

- does not contain moving parts;

- does not use environmentally harmful chemicals;

- a breathable mixture comes out of the car's exhaust pipe;

- the mixture of the exhaust gas with the hot air leads to a decrease in the specific gravity of the exhaust gas, which is close to that of the air. This mixture at the outlet of the muffler mixes with the atmospheric air, and thus rises faster in the atmosphere, which leads to improved air quality at ground level;

- an optimal cooling of the engine is ensured without consuming anything of its power;

- the engine is cooled by the heat of the exhaust gases;

- the motor fan is discontinued, which leads to an increase in the useful power of the motor, a reduction in vibration and noise;

- when calculating the efficiency as a ratio between the useful heat and the total heat resulting from the combustion of fuel, there is an improvement in the efficiency of the engine, because part of the heat is used to cool the engine;

- the air required for combustion in the cylinders can also be cooled. By cooling the engine supply air, the filling coefficient of the cylinders increases and an increase in engine power is obtained;

- the exhaust gas temperature is reduced by more than 50%, the efficiency of the catalyst is improved and its service life is increased;

- by creating a warm floor, without additional costs, avoids the formation of ice under the car, reduces fuel consumption, avoids the rusting effect of the sheet and welds, does not consume anything of engine power and the car owner takes advantage of parking a car clean and dry in the garage.

The invention presents a new solution, which can be used in the automotive industry, because compared to existing solutions it has a number of advantages listed above.

Claims (4)

1) Air conditioning system for motor vehicles with the help of the heat of the engine exhaust gases It is characterized by the use of a multi-pipe vacuum cleaner (A), which works with the residual heat of the exhaust gases and absorbs atmospheric air through a concentric pipe heat exchanger (B), where it cools the air required for air conditioning. 2) Internal combustion engine cooling system It is characterized by the use of a multi-pipe vacuum cleaner (A), which operates on the residual heat of the exhaust gases and absorbs atmospheric air through a concentric pipe cooler, where the water required to cool the engine is cooled. 3) Vacuum cleaner with multiple pipes (A) It is characterized by the use of residual heat from the exhaust gases, which heats the air in vertical pipes (4), inside a housing (1), in which the exhaust gas circulates, which surrounds the pipes (4) and makes the air in the pipes to circulate alone, from the bottom up, and to absorb the atmospheric air, which it sends into the atmosphere. 4) Concentric pipe cooler (C) It is characterized by the use of a multi-pipe vacuum cleaner (A), which works with the residual heat of the exhaust gases and absorbs atmospheric air through concentric pipes (4), (5) and (6), where the water required for cooling is cooled. engine.