RO130753A0 - Sound-proof and heat-insulating boards made of recycled abs wastes in a ratio of 90-100% and process for preparing the same - Google Patents

Abstract

The invention relates to a sound-proof and heat-insulating board for interior linings in constructions and to a process for making the same. According to the invention, the board is made of 90% acrylonitrile butadiene styrene wastes and, for the remainder, other wastes, such as wood dust, sunflower seed husks, paper wastes, the board exhibiting a volumetric mass of 240...250 kg/m, a thermal conductivity coefficient of 0.040...0.05 W/mK, low elasticity modulus and high elasticity. The process, as claimed by the invention, consists in that the homogeneous waste moulded in a mould is pressed at a temperature of 130°C and a pressure of 20 bar for 15 min, then conditioned for 24 h, after which it is shaped to the desired length and width.

Description

The invention relates to sound-absorbing and heat-insulating plates obtained from waste of ABS (acrylonitrile butadiene styrene) in a proportion of 90% -100% and the process of obtaining them. The plates to which the invention relates have thermal insulation and sound-absorbing properties, high resistance to water immersion, but low mechanical resistance, which is why they can be used for thermal insulation of civil and industrial constructions (for walls, ceilings and floors), as a core. sandwich plates for the manufacture of doors or for road signs with noise absorption along roads or highways.

The recycling process of ABS (United States Patent 6007005) is known for obtaining new products by injection. Inventions are also known for panels made of heat-insulating polyurethane foam (R0120280), polystyrene foam (RO 122770, RO121123), whose composition and method of production differ from those to which the invention relates. The researches in the field have studied the physical and mechanical properties of the native and recycled ABS, proving that they are close (Mantaux, O. and al., 2004, Recycling Study of End of Life Products Made of ABS resin, Journal of Material Science and Technology, Vol. 20, Suppl.l, 2004. http://www.jmst.org/fileup/PDF/20sl25.pdf.). Other research has shown the possibility of applying a recycling process of plastic and transforming it into small granules from which new products can be made, by known processes (Dubey, A. and al. (2010), Plastic Waste and its Recycling , VSRD Technical & Non - Technical Journal, vol.I (1),

2010, 30-34, http://www.vsrdjournals.com/vsrd/lssue/2010 Julv / 6 FINAL ReviewArticle

Julv 20102 Ashulosh Dubey.pdf.). Also known are plastic-wood composites made of wood waste mixed with plastic powder (including ABS), from which various products are replaced that replace the wood, either by the extrusion process or by casting (http: // www. thomasnet.com/articles/plastics- rubber / composite-wood-plastic).

The use of these products has the following disadvantages:

- the products obtained from the plastic recycling are obtained in a similar way to the new ones, by injection, extrusion or casting, but only after the old products have undergone a complex technological process of transforming them into plastic powders and granules respectively;

- the technological process of recycling is an expensive one, it requires specialized machinery and installations and a high energy consumption;

- heat-insulating polyurethane foam and polystyrene foam are not obtained from waste and cannot be recycled; /

- the known products that are obtained by recycling the plastic do not have the purpose of panels with

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The ABS waste resulting from the technological process of applying ABS edges to the movable PAL panels for furniture, as a result of the technological level of the leveling of the edge, are not used by the manufacturers nor stored separately, they are disposed together with the other waste collected by the system. exhaust.

The technical problem solved by the present invention consists in the manufacture of heat-insulating and sound-absorbing plates from ABS waste (90% -100%) so far not valued, as well as the process for obtaining them, a simple process, which does not require sophisticated recycling facilities and no high energy consumption. These plates can be used for the thermal insulation of civil and industrial constructions (for walls, ceilings and floors), as the core of sandwich panels intended for the manufacture of doors or for road signs with noise absorption along roads or highways. The plates from ABS waste (90% -100%), according to the invention, remove the disadvantages mentioned, in that the waste is used as such, without further processing, and the process of obtaining is a simple one, consisting of the following stages: waste ABS is screened using a 5mm diameter mesh screen; the carpet is formed in a forming mold (either only from ABS waste for 100% variant, or a mixed and homogeneous carpet obtained by mechanical mixing and containing at least 90% ABS waste, respectively maximum 10% other waste (wood sawdust, sunflower seed shells, small paper cut waste, etc.); pressing at 130 ° C and 20bar pressure for 15min, conditioning for 24 hours and formatting at length and width by The removal of lOmm from the edges. The plates are obtained in molds of frame type, with the dimensions desired by the beneficiary.

wood sawdust, sunflower seed shells, small paper cut waste, etc.) from the technological process of production of melamine laminated furniture, waste that is currently being thrown away;

- different thicknesses can be obtained (5-30 mm, by matching the amount of waste) and an attractive color, depending on the colors used for ABS edges.

- has a high coefficient of sound absorption;

- is resistant to water immersion;

- has low densities;

- has a higher thermal insulation capacity expressed by the coefficient of thermal conductivity below the value of 0.1 W / mK;

- is obtained through a simple process, which does not require investments in sophisticated installations and equipment;

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- the process of obtaining it requires a low energy consumption;

- low cost, because the product is obtained from waste, with a low energy consumption (pressing time at 130 ° C for 15 minutes).

The following are two examples of embodiments of the invention, in connection with Figure 1, which represent:

Fig.l, ABS waste plate.

Example 1. The invention relates to the production of a plate made of 100% ABS waste, with dimensions of 420 * 420 * 18mm. Sieve the ABS waste through a screen with 5mm diameter mesh, weighing 700g of the sieved waste at the technical balance. The entire amount of ABS waste is then deposited in the formation mold with dimensions of 420x420x18mm, inserted into the press and pressed at a uniform pressure of 20bar and at a temperature of 130 ° C for 15min. The plates are then conditioned for 24 hours at ambient temperature and formatted at around lcm.

The physical properties resulting from the plates made from ABS waste (100%) refer to the volumetric mass (p), the thermal conductivity coefficient (λ), the swelling on thickness after 24 hours of immersion (u _g ), and have the following values: p = 244kg / m ³ , λ = 0.040-0.046W / mK, and _g = 0.2%.

Example 2. Embodiment of the invention relates to obtaining a plate made of 94% ABS waste, with dimensions of 620 * 620 * 18mm. We sift the ABS waste through a screen with 5mm diameter mesh, weighing at the technical balance 1380g (respectively 94% of the total quantity) of the screened waste and 230g shells of sunflower seeds (respectively 6% of the total quantity). The two components are homogenized by mechanical mixing and the whole quantity is then deposited in the formation mold with the dimensions of 620x620x18mm, introduced into the press and pressed at a uniform pressure of 20bar and at a temperature of 130 ° C for 15min.

The plates are then conditioned for 24 hours at ambient temperature and formatted at around lcm.

The physical properties resulting from the plates made from ABS waste (94%) and sunflower seed shells (6%) refer to the volumetric mass (p), the thermal conductivity coefficient (λ), the swelling on thickness after 24 hours. immersion (ug), and have the following values: p = 255kg / m ³ , λ = 0.047W / mK, ug = 0.9%.

The mechanical properties resulting from plates made from ABS waste (94%) and sunflower seed shells (6%) refer to modulus of elasticity (Em), bending strength (fm), internal cohesion (ft), strength the maximum pullout of the screw (F _max) and have the following values: Em = 190 N / mm ¹ fm = 1.75N / ^mm: ft = 0.02 N / mm ^2, F _max = 100-123N. .

X

The plates made of ABS waste are noted for their very good immersion behavior

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in water for 24h (ug = 0.2% -0.9%, value well below the permissible limit imposed on OSB panels for outdoor conditions, respectively ugLOSB <25%). After the immersion test is completed, they retain their compact structure (they do not disintegrate or break down). Also, the plates made of ABS waste are noted for their low density (p = 240,250kg / m ³ ), very low thermal conductivity coefficient, close to that of expanded polystyrene (λ = 0.040-0.050W / mK) and a coefficient of very good sound absorption, of 0.87 for frequencies between 600 and 2000Hz.

Claims (1)

Sound-absorbing and heat-insulating plate made of ABS waste (acrylonitrile butadiene styrene), characterized by the fact that it is made of ABS waste (obtained from the technological process of applying the ABS edge on the pallet panels for furniture) at 100% or from ABS waste in a proportion of at least 90%, and the rest, up to 100%, from other wastes, such as: wood sawdust, sunflower seed shells, small paper cut waste, etc .; the plate is characterized by a small volumetric mass (p = 240 250 kg / m ³ ), a thermal conductivity coefficient close to that of the expanded polystyrene (X = 0.040-0.05W / mK), very low thickness swelling after 24 hours immersion in water (u _g = 0.2% -0.9%), low elasticity mode, so high elasticity (E _m = 190N / mm ² ), very good sound absorption coefficient (0.87 for frequencies between 600-2000Hz), but resistances poor mechanics, which is recommended for interior cladding or as a core material (sound-absorbing and heat-insulating) for sandwich structures in constructions or road panels, or for interior cladding in constructions. Claim 2: method claim Process for obtaining the plate, according to claim 1, characterized in that the waste of ABS is screened by means of a screen with 5 mm diameter mesh; the carpet is formed in a forming mold (either only from ABS waste for 100% variant, or a mixed and homogeneous carpet obtained by mechanical mixing and containing at least 90% ABS waste, and the rest up to 100% other types of ABS wastes (wood sawdust, agricultural: sunflower seed shells, small paper cut waste, etc.); pressing at 130 ° C and 20bar pressure for 15min, conditioning for 24 hours and long formatting and width by removing the mm from the edges.