RO129343B1 - Installation for decontaminating used water from a dental unit - Google Patents

Description

The invention relates to an installation for decontamination and treatment of wastewater from the dental unit and to be discharged into the sewer system.

A large number of practices or even medical-dental clinics are arranged in public buildings, and the water resulting from the medical process is discharged directly into the sewerage network, without being subjected to a decontamination treatment beforehand. There is a risk that wastewater from the dental unit may be contaminated with HIV-AIDS viruses, hepatitis A, B, C, TB, or other water-borne infectious diseases.

The current legislation stipulates, among other things, that wastewater from medical units and which, by the specificity of their activity, can cause contamination with pathogens-microbes, viruses, is discharged into the sewerage networks of localities only if they have been took all measures for disinfection, sterilization ....

Several methods and technical means are known to achieve the decontamination of wastewater from the dental unit.

JP 2013512738, entitled “Fluid conditioning system, discloses a conditioned fluid system, which is adapted to the state of the liquid used for medical and dental cutting, irrigation, evacuation, cleaning and drilling operations. The fluid can be conditioned by the addition of flavors, antiseptics and / or teeth whitening agents, such as peroxide, medications and pigments. A source of electromagnetic energy gives, in the interaction region, a maximum concentration of electromagnetic energy, having a wavelength that is substantially absorbed by the conditioned fluid. The disadvantage of the invention is the low efficiency of decontamination.

JP 2002253582 (A), in the 'Wastewatertreatmentequipmentfordentalchair unit', discloses a device with a sewage outlet from each dental chair unit, and which is provided with a sterilization tank for mixing wastewater with drinking water. ozone and discharged with wastewater outside.

The solution presented has the following disadvantages:

- the contaminated water is stored in a first basin (no. 25), during which time bacteria, viruses or other pathogens can grow and the blockage of the tap (solenoid valve no. 40d) can lead to the creation of a functional deficiency of the entire installation ;

- the existence of a single area where contact between the ozone mass and contaminated water takes place (No 29);

- lack of UV, germicidal lamps, as auxiliaries in water decontamination;

- the installation is intended to take contaminated water from a single dental unit.

There are also known ways to disinfect wastewater (“Disinfection of UASBTreated Municipal Wastewater by H ₂ O ₂ , UV, Ozone, PAA, H ₂ O ₂ / Sunlight, and Advanced Oxidation Processes: Potential Regrowth of Pathogens”), including treatment with ozone, disinfection with UV radiation and other processes, to remove pathogens and viruses from the water to be treated.

A device as well as a method for the efficient decontamination of wastewater (WO 01/30707 A1), in particular those from the dental unit, which may contain toxic substances, ensuring both mechanical and decontamination, is also known. Cleaning.

The technical problem solved by the invention consists in the construction of an installation which, attached to the dental unit, can simultaneously and efficiently collect contaminated wastewater, treat and sterilize it, and, finally, evacuate the water safely and hygienically. .

The installation for the decontamination of wastewater from the dental unit according to the invention, which uses ozone and ultraviolet lamps for decontamination, solves the technical problem and eliminates the mentioned disadvantages by the fact that it consists of a functional assembly.

RO 129343 Β1 independent, attached to the dental unit, having a closed and compartmentalized container having, in 1 middle part, a longitudinal wall dividing the container into two half-vessels, having between them a communication slot limited in height, the two half-vessels being provided 3 with baffles arranged so as to delimit several cells communicating with each other, alternately, at the top and then at the bottom of the cells, so that an inlet connection, arranged at the height H.] of an inlet chamber of will allow the collection and circulation of decontaminated water to an outlet chamber of the semi-container 7 provided with an outlet connection to the sewerage network and located at a height H ₂ lower than so that the circulation of water along the entire cell path is determined 9 level difference, on the principle of communicating vessels, during this route, by means of two electric pumps an air and ozone mixture generating assembly by sending an air / ozone mixture through the top of each cell in the half-vessel, except for the one provided with the inlet connection, for the first stage of decontamination of the wastewater 13, and at the upper part of the half-container, in front of each cell delimited by baffles, being mounted ultraviolet lamps, the active part of which is immersed in the decontaminated liquid, performing the second stage of decontamination and being connected to an electrical command and control group that includes a dimmer and some electronic ballasts, the operation of the installation 17 being done simultaneously with the operation of the dental unit to which it is connected through the inlet connection, and the decontaminated wastewater being discharged into the wastewater network through an outlet connection 19.

The installation for decontamination of wastewater from the dental unit according to the invention has 21 the following advantages:

- use of decontamination products produced by the installation (ozone) and 23 long-term consumables (germicidal UV lamps);

- efficient decontamination at a low electricity consumption, of about 1 Kwatt / h 25 to 16 h of operation of the installation;

- simple maintenance due to the need to replace germicidal UV lamps at 27 10000 ... 15000 h of operation;

- the possibility to monitor the operation of the installation; 29

- operational safety of the installation;

- the possibility of protecting the environment by removing chlorine as a disinfectant.

An embodiment of the invention is given below in connection with FIG. 1 ... 4 which 33 represent:

- fig. 1, cross-section in steps A-A through the installation, starting from the inlet connection 35;

- fig. 2, longitudinal section B-B through the compartment of cells activated with air and ozone; 37

- fig. 3, longitudinal section C-C through the compartment of ultraviolet-activated cells;

- fig. 4, photos of an experimental model of decontamination plant. 39

The installation for the decontamination of wastewater from the dental unit according to the invention consists of an independent functional assembly, attachable to the dental unit, which is connected to 41 for the collection of wastewater resulting from dental procedures. The independent functional assembly includes a closed and compartmentalized container 1, provided with baffles 2, arranged 43 so as to delimit several cells that communicate with each other alternately at the top and then at the bottom of the cells. in the middle part of the container 1, a wall 45 3 divides the container 1 in two, in a semi-container 1 a and a semi-container 1 b, having between them a communication slot 4 limited in height. Through the communication slot 4 is made 47

EN 129343 Β1 the connection between the compartments on either side of the container 1, so that an inlet connection 5, arranged at the height H.] of an inlet chamber 6, of the semi-container 1a, will allow the collection and circulation of the water to be decontaminated to another outlet chamber 7 of the half-vessel 1b, provided with an outlet connection 14, to the sewerage network and located at a height H ₂ , lower than so that the circulation of water from 6 to 7 along the entire path of the cells is determined by the level difference, on the principle of communicating vessels. The position of the inlet connection 5, determines the height of the baffles in the half-vessel 1a, and the position H ₂ determines the height of the baffles in the half-vessel 1b.

An air and ozone generator set 8 is mounted on the side of the container 1, which, by means of two electromagnetic pumps 9 and a distribution network 10, sends the air and ozone mixture to the top of each cell in the half-vessel 1a , except for that provided with inlet connection 5, for carrying out the first stage of decontamination of wastewater. On the upper part of the half-container 1 b, next to each cell delimited by the baffles 2, are mounted ultraviolet lamps 10, whose active part is immersed in the decontamination liquid, performing the second stage of decontamination and being connected to an electrical control unit. and control 11, which also includes a variator 12, respectively electronic ballasts 13. The operation of the installation is done simultaneously with the operation of the dental unit to which it is functionally connected through connection 5, and the decontaminated wastewater is discharged into the wastewater network through a connection output 14.

The technical and medical performance data obtained from the realization and testing of such a decontamination installation are provided in tables 1 ... 5.

Table 1

Water samples analyzed in laboratory no. 1

Road sign Road sign UM Milligram per liter Water sample before entering the treatment plant Ozone and UV treated water sample Sodium dichlorisocyanide treated water sample 2x2.72 g / 21 PH Water acidity mg / l 6.4 6.5 4.3 COD Chemical oxygen consumption every 5 days mg / l <15 <15 <15 CBO5 Biochemical oxygen consumption every 5 days mg / l 2 27 47 no ₃ Nitrogen - salt of nitric acid mg / l 4.8 5.8 8.8 no ₂ Nitrates - salt of nitric acid mg / l <0.07 <0.26 2.58 nh ₄ Ammonium ion - ammoniacal nitrogen mg / l 2.4 5.2 0.2 po ₄ Phosphate ion mg / l <0.2 <0.2 0.3

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Table 2

Water samples analyzed in laboratory no. 2

Test no. Content As, ug / L Arsen K Potassium Calcium ug / L Sodium Sodium ug / L As Calcium ug / L Mg Magnesium ug / L Mn Mangan ug / L Fe Fier ug / L Copper, Nickel, Chromium, Cadmium, Lead ug / L 1 Water before entering the Dental Unit <0.01 1.9144 18.86 20.86 6.83 <0.01 <0.01 <0.01 2 Water with human saliva and blood in the Dental Unit <0.01 8625 59.85 24.2 7.08 <0.01 2.81 <0.01 3 Water with human saliva and blood 5 minutes after treatment in the installation <0.01 2575 16.02 19.5 6.75 <0.01 <0.01 <0.01 4 Water with human saliva, blood 10 minutes of treatment in the installation <0.01 2,518 17.9 22.5 6.84 <0.01 <0.01 <0.01 5 Water with human saliva, blood 15 minutes of treatment in the installation <0.01 2.41 17.54 21.3 6796 <0.01 <0.01 <0.01 6 Water with human saliva, blood treated with sodium dichlorisocyanide <0.01 6102 256.9 20.54 6.5223 <0.01 <0.01 <0.01 7 Water treated with sodium dichlorisocyanide <0.01 1.7985 256.34 18.3 5652 <0.01 <0.01 <0.01

Table 3

Water samples analyzed in laboratory no. 3

Nr. current parameter Unit of measurement Value determined before entering the Dental Unit (drinking water) Value determined in the ozone and UV treatment plant Maximum permissible value (drinking water) according to SREN ISO and STAS 1 Smell - Acceptable Acceptable and no abnormal changes - 2 Taste - Acceptable Acceptable and no abnormal changes -

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Table 3 (continued)

Nr. current parameter Unit of measurement Value determined before entering the Dental Unit (drinking water) Value determined in the ozone and UV treatment plant Maximum permissible value (drinking water) according to SREN ISO and STAS 3 Color - Acceptable Acceptable and no abnormal changes - 4 PH PH unit 7.25 8.16 <9.5 5 turbidity F.T.U. 0.10 0.10 <5 6 Conductivity e ps / cm 164 281 2500 7 Ammonium mg / l absent absent 0.50 8 nitrite mg / l absent 0.10 0.50 9 nitrate mg / l 2.6 2.6 50 10 chloride mg / l 12.42 28,40 250 11 Residual chlorine mg / l 0.2 0.20 0.50 12 Hardness everything. degrees German 5 5.5 5 13 Iron g / s 20 40 two hundred 14 Manganese ug / l absent absent 50 15 oxidisability mg. O ₂ / l 1185 1975 5

Water samples analyzed in the microbiological laboratory

Network water analyzed, contaminated controlled with E.Coli ATCC 25922 starting from 0.5 F Mc.

Table 4

The result of the microbiological examination

parameter Determined value Analysis method Nr. E.Coli - before entering the decontamination plant 47 cfu / 100 ml ISO9308-1 Nr. E.Coli - at the exit of the decontamination installation 0 ISO9308-1

Water samples analyzed in the Histology laboratory

Terms used (after DEX):

- Histology, s. F., Part of biology that studies organic tissues, cells, non-cell formations (see note) and their structure microscopically;

- Smear, s. N., Prepared lying on a slide to be examined under a microscope;

- Scuamos, -oasă, adj., 1. which resembles the scales of a fish; with shells. 2. covered, protected by scales;

- Cell, cells, s. F., 1. fundamental constituent element of living organisms, consisting of membrane, cytoplasm and nucleus, representing the simplest anatomical unit;

RO 129343 Β1

- Nucleus, nuclei, s. N., 1. (phys.) Central particle of an atom composed of protons and neutrons, carrying positive electric charges, in which is concentrated almost the entire mass of the atom;

- Denudation, denudations, s. F., 1. complex process of leveling the earth's crust, under the action of external geographical agents, by disaggregation, alteration and erosion of rocks, removal of resulting materials and their subsequent accumulation in lower regions; denudation;

- Granulocyte, granulocytes, s. N., Leukocyte with several nuclei;

- Neutrophil, -ă, adj., S.n., (Leukocyte) with affinity for neutral dyes; able to live in an acid or alkaline environment;

- Microbial flora = the totality of vegetal microorganisms from a natural environment, from the oral cavity, from the intestine, etc .;

- Coke, cocci, s. M., Spherical bacterium, isolated or grouped together with others in the form of a chain, clusters, etc .;

- Anucleat, -ă, adj., Without nucleus;

- Inflammatory cell, -oare, inflammatory, -oare, adj., Which is manifested by an inflammation; which causes inflammation;

- Red blood cells, red blood cells, s. F., Red blood cell, due to the hemoglobin it contains; red blood cell, erythrocyte;

- Germs ~ i, m., 1. element (microscopic) from which a new organism develops, under favorable conditions;

- Bacteria ~ i, f., Microscopic unicellular microorganism, of vegetal nature, which causes some infectious diseases;

- Liză, s. F., 1. the phenomenon of disintegration of organic elements (tissues, cells, microbes) under the action of physical, chemical or biological agents.

Table 5

Water samples analyzed in the histology laboratory

Test no. Content Histological analysis 1 Water from the Dental Unit Dirty-looking smear, including relatively common superficial-type squamous epithelial cells (see Fig. 1_1.2 sample), anucleated and rare naked nude cell scales, and a neutrophilic granulocyte (see Fig. 1_1). Microbial flora present: rare coccyx colonies (see fig. Sample 11.3) 2 Water from the decontamination plant Clean-looking smear with rare anucleated cell scales (fig. Sample 2_1) 3 General purpose distilled water (control) Clean-looking smear on which 2 ... 3 nucleated cell scales are identified. 4 Water before entering the Dental Unit Clean smear without squamous epithelial nucleated cells or inflammatory cells 5 Water with saliva and blood from the Dental Unit Smear that includes relatively common superficial squamous epithelial cells, anucleated cell scales, and red blood cells (relatively rare)

RO 129343 Β1

Table 5 (continued)

Test no. Content Histological analysis 6 Water with saliva and blood in the decontamination plant, 5 min Clean smear that includes 2 ... 3 anucleated squamous cells, without red blood cells 7 Water with saliva and blood in the decontamination plant, 10 min Clean smear, without squamous epithelial cells (nucleated or anucleated), without red blood cells 8 Water with saliva and blood in the decontamination plant, 15 min Clean smear without squamous epithelial cells (nucleated or anucleated), without red blood cells 9 Water with saliva and blood with sodium dichlorisocyanide Smear with numerous blood cells, microbial flora (coccygeal colonies) and squamous epithelial cells (nucleated and anucleated) 10 Water with chlorine (sodium dichlorisocyanide), control Dirty-looking smear without cell elements

Claims (3)

claims 1. Installation for the decontamination of waste water from the dental unit, which uses ozone and ultraviolet lamps for decontamination, characterized in that it consists of 3 of an independent functional assembly attached to the dental unit, having a closed and compartmented container (1), which has , in the middle, a longitudinal wall (3) which separates the container (1) into two half-vessels (1a and 1b), having between them a communication slot (4) limited in height, the two half-vessels being provided with baffles ( 2) arranged 7 so as to delimit several cells communicating with each other, alternately, at the top and then at the bottom of the cells, so that an inlet connection (5) arranged at 9 H. height] of a chamber inlet (6) of the semi-container (1a) will allow the collection and circulation of decontamination water to an outlet chamber (7) of the semi-container (1b) provided 11 with an outlet connection (14) to the sewerage network and i located at a height H ₂ lower than so that the circulation of water along the entire path of the cells is determined by the difference of 13 level, on the principle of communicating vessels, during this route, by means of two electromagnetic pumps (9), a air and ozone mixture generator assembly (8) 15 by sending an air / ozone mixture through the top of each cell in the half-container (1a), except that provided with the inlet connection (5), to carry out the first decontamination step 17 of the waste water, and at the top of the semi-container (1b), next to each cell delimited by baffles (2) are mounted ultraviolet lamps (10) whose active part 19 is immersed in the decontamination liquid, performing the second stage of decontamination and being connected to an electrical command and control unit (11) which includes a drive (12) and some 21 electronic ballasts (13), the operation of the installation being done simultaneously with the operation the dental unit to which it is connected by the inlet connection (5), and the decontaminated waste water being discharged into the wastewater network through an outlet connection (14). Installation according to claim 1, wherein the position H.] of the inlet connection (5) determines the height of the baffles (5) in the half-container (1a) and the position H ₂ determines the height of the baffles in the half-container (1b). 27 Installation according to claim 1, wherein the ultraviolet lamps (10) used in the second stage of decontamination are of the C-class germicidal type.