RO120366B1 - Ballast - Google Patents

Ballast Download PDF

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Publication number
RO120366B1
RO120366B1 ROA200200503A RO200200503A RO120366B1 RO 120366 B1 RO120366 B1 RO 120366B1 RO A200200503 A ROA200200503 A RO A200200503A RO 200200503 A RO200200503 A RO 200200503A RO 120366 B1 RO120366 B1 RO 120366B1
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RO
Romania
Prior art keywords
bath
liquid nitrogen
cryostat
cylinder
ballast
Prior art date
Application number
ROA200200503A
Other languages
Romanian (ro)
Inventor
Ioan Puflea
Elena Macamete
Original Assignee
Icpe - Cercetări Avansate S.A.
Priority date (The priority date is an assumption and is not a legal conclusion. Google has not performed a legal analysis and makes no representation as to the accuracy of the date listed.)
Filing date
Publication date
Application filed by Icpe - Cercetări Avansate S.A. filed Critical Icpe - Cercetări Avansate S.A.
Priority to ROA200200503A priority Critical patent/RO120366B1/en
Publication of RO120366B1 publication Critical patent/RO120366B1/en

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Classifications

    • YGENERAL TAGGING OF NEW TECHNOLOGICAL DEVELOPMENTS; GENERAL TAGGING OF CROSS-SECTIONAL TECHNOLOGIES SPANNING OVER SEVERAL SECTIONS OF THE IPC; TECHNICAL SUBJECTS COVERED BY FORMER USPC CROSS-REFERENCE ART COLLECTIONS [XRACs] AND DIGESTS
    • Y02TECHNOLOGIES OR APPLICATIONS FOR MITIGATION OR ADAPTATION AGAINST CLIMATE CHANGE
    • Y02EREDUCTION OF GREENHOUSE GAS [GHG] EMISSIONS, RELATED TO ENERGY GENERATION, TRANSMISSION OR DISTRIBUTION
    • Y02E40/00Technologies for an efficient electrical power generation, transmission or distribution
    • Y02E40/60Superconducting electric elements or equipment; Power systems integrating superconducting elements or equipment

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  • Emergency Protection Circuit Devices (AREA)

Abstract

The invention relates to a ballast, with a superconductive screen, which is incorporated inside an intense-current switch, of the type of the defect currents in the low voltage networks. According to the invention, the ballast consists of a primary coil (1) serially connected in the electric line to be protected, magnetically coupled, by means of a magnetic circuit (2), with superconductive cylinder (3), submerged in a liquid nitrogen bath (4), of a cryostat (5) whose end flange (6) is penetrated by two nozzles (7 and 8) by means which there is performed the liquid nitrogen uptake into the bath (4), the nitrogen vapour evacuation, respectively, the bath thermal insulation being ensured by the vacuumed enclosure (9) of the cryostat (5).

Description

Invenția se referă la un limitator de curent, care se încorporează într-un întrerupător de curenți intenși, de tipul curenților de avarie, din rețelele de joasă tensiune.The invention relates to a current limiter, which is incorporated into a switch of intense currents, such as fault currents, from low voltage networks.

Sunt cunoscute limitatoare de curent, pe bază de supraconductori, la temperatura heliului lichid sau a azotului lichid (supraconductori ceramici). Aceste limitatoare folosesc tranziția materialului de la starea supraconductoare la o stare progresiv rezistivă, la depășirea valorii critice a curentului, pentru a introduce în linia electrică, ce urmează a fi protejată, o impedanță mare, cu efect de limitare a curentului. Forma tranziției este determinată de proprietățile materialului supraconductor și de tipul constructiv al limitatorului.Current limiters, based on superconductors, at the temperature of liquid helium or liquid nitrogen (ceramic superconductors) are known. These limiters use the transition of the material from the superconducting state to a progressively resistive state, when exceeding the critical value of the current, in order to introduce into the electric line, to be protected, a high impedance, with effect of limiting the current. The shape of the transition is determined by the properties of the superconducting material and the constructive type of the limiter.

Tipurile constructive de limitare, descrise mai sus, au dezavantajele că înfășurările supraconductoare sunt dificil de bobinat, nu au o structură compactă și prezintă o legătură galvanică între înfășurarea supraconductoare răcită și elemente ale aparatului, aflate la temperatura camerei.The constructive types of limitation, described above, have the disadvantages that the superconducting windings are difficult to wind, do not have a compact structure and have a galvanic connection between the cooled superconducting winding and elements of the apparatus at room temperature.

Limitatorul de curent cu ecran supraconductor înlătură aceste dejavantaje, prin aceea că, în scopul limitării unor curenți intenși, este alcătuită dintr-o bobină primară, înseriată în linia electrică ce urmează a fi protejată, cuplată magnetic cu un ecran cilindric supraconductor, imersat în baia de azot lichid a unui criostat, a cărui flanșă de capăt este penetrată de două ștuțuri, prin care se realizează aducția azotului lichid în baie, respectiv evacuarea vaporilor de azot, izolația termică a băii de azot lichid fiind asigurată de incinta vidată a criostatului.The superconductor screen current limiter removes these disadvantages, in that, for the purpose of limiting intense currents, it is made up of a primary coil, inserted in the electrical line to be protected, magnetically coupled with a cylindrical superconductor screen, immersed in the bath. of liquid nitrogen of a cryostat, whose end flange is penetrated by two sockets, through which the liquid nitrogen is introduced into the bath, respectively the discharge of nitrogen vapors, the thermal insulation of the liquid nitrogen bath being provided by the vacuum chamber of the cryostat.

Invenția prezintă următoarele avantaje:The invention has the following advantages:

- ecranul cilindric care constituie înfășurarea supraconductoare are o formă geometrică simplă, compactă, ușor de realizat;- the cylindrical screen that constitutes the superconducting winding has a simple, compact geometric shape, easy to make;

- materialul supraconductor se află în contact intim cu azotul lichid, ceea ce asigură o bună conservare a stării supraconductoare;- the superconducting material is in close contact with liquid nitrogen, which ensures a good preservation of the superconducting state;

- nu există contact galvanic între ecranul supraconductor, răcit la temperatura azotului lichid și elementele aparatului aflate la temperatura camerei.- there is no galvanic contact between the superconductor screen, cooled to the temperature of liquid nitrogen and the elements of the device at room temperature.

Se dă, în continuare, un exemplu de realizare a invenției, cu referire la figura care reprezintă o secțiune axială a limitatorului de curent, conform invenției.The following is an example of an embodiment of the invention, with reference to the figure representing an axial section of the current limiter according to the invention.

Limitatorul de curent cu ecran supraconductor, conform invenției, este alcătuit dintr-o bobină primară 1, care se înseriază în linia electrică, ce urmează a fi protejată. Bobina primară 1 este cuplată cu un circuit magnetic 2, având înfășurarea secundară în scurtcircuit, în formă de cilindru 3, realizat dintr-un material cu proprietăți supraconductoare, bobina primară (1) fiind, astfel, magnetic cuplată cu un cilindrul (3), prin intermediul respectivului circuit magnetic (2).The superconductor screen current limiter, according to the invention, is made up of a primary coil 1, which is inserted into the power line, to be protected. The primary coil 1 is coupled with a magnetic circuit 2, having the secondary winding in the short circuit, in the form of a cylinder 3, made of a material with superconductive properties, the primary coil (1) being thus magnetically coupled with a cylinder (3), by means of said magnetic circuit (2).

Cilindrul 3 cu proprietăți supraconductoare este plasat într-o baie 4, de azot lichid, a unui criostat 5, a cărui flanșă de capăt 6 este penetrată de două ștuțuri 7 și 8 prin care se asigură alimentarea băii 4, de azot lichid, respectiv evacuarea vaporilor de azot.The cylinder 3 with superconductive properties is placed in a bath 4, of liquid nitrogen, of a cryostat 5, whose end flange 6 is penetrated by two sockets 7 and 8 through which the supply of bath 4 is provided, liquid nitrogen, respectively the discharge nitrogen vapors.

Izolația termica a băii 4 de azot lichid este asigurată de o incintă 9, vidată, a criostatului 5.The thermal insulation of the liquid nitrogen bath 4 is provided by a vacuum chamber 9 of the cryostat 5.

Dacă linia electrică este în regim nominal de funcționare, cilindrul 3 se află în stare supraconductoare și acționează ca un ecran magnetic, impedanța introdusă în circuit fiind determinată numai de fluxul de scăpări care se închide prin întrefierul dintre bobina primară 1 și cilindrul 3.If the power line is in nominal operating mode, cylinder 3 is in the superconducting state and acts as a magnetic screen, the impedance introduced into the circuit being determined only by the leakage flow that closes through the gap between the primary coil 1 and cylinder 3.

La apariția unui scurtcircuit în linie, curenții induși în cilindrul 3 cresc brusc la o valoare superioară valorii critice, materialul din care este realizat cilindrul 3 trece de la starea supraconductoare, la starea normal conductoare, iar efectul de ecran al cilindrului 3 dispare. Ca urmare, în circuit se introduce o impedanță mare, cu efect de limitare a curentului.When a short circuit appears in the line, the currents induced in the cylinder 3 suddenly increase to a value higher than the critical value, the material from which the cylinder 3 is made passes from the superconducting state, to the normal conducting state, and the screen effect of the cylinder 3 disappears. As a result, a high impedance is introduced into the circuit, with the effect of limiting the current.

Claims (1)

Revendicare 1Claim 1 Limitatorde curent, caracterizat prin aceea că, în scopul limitării unorcurenți intenși, 3 este alcătuit dintr-o bobină primară (1), care, fiind înseriată în linia electrică ce urmează a fi protejată, este cuplată magnetic, prin intermediul unui circuit magnetic (2), cu un cilindru(3), 5 realizat dintr-un material cu proprietăți supraconductoare, imersat într-o baie (4) de azot lichid, a unui criostat (5) a cărui flanșă de capăt (6) este penetrată de două ștuțuri (7 și 8), 7 prin care se realizează aducția azotului lichid în baie (4), respectiv, evacuarea vaporilor de azot, izolația termică a băii (4) fiind asigurată de o incintă (9), vidată, a criostatului (5). 9Limit order current, characterized in that, for the purpose of limiting intense unicurrent, 3 is composed of a primary coil (1), which, being inserted in the electric line to be protected, is magnetically coupled, through a magnetic circuit (2 ), with a cylinder (3), 5 made of a material with superconducting properties, immersed in a bath (4) of liquid nitrogen, of a cryostat (5) whose end flange (6) is penetrated by two sockets (7 and 8), 7 through which liquid nitrogen is added to the bath (4), respectively, the discharge of nitrogen vapors, the thermal insulation of the bath (4) being provided by an enclosure (9), vacuumed, of the cryostat (5) . 9
ROA200200503A 2002-04-23 2002-04-23 Ballast RO120366B1 (en)

Priority Applications (1)

Application Number Priority Date Filing Date Title
ROA200200503A RO120366B1 (en) 2002-04-23 2002-04-23 Ballast

Applications Claiming Priority (1)

Application Number Priority Date Filing Date Title
ROA200200503A RO120366B1 (en) 2002-04-23 2002-04-23 Ballast

Publications (1)

Publication Number Publication Date
RO120366B1 true RO120366B1 (en) 2005-12-30

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Family Applications (1)

Application Number Title Priority Date Filing Date
ROA200200503A RO120366B1 (en) 2002-04-23 2002-04-23 Ballast

Country Status (1)

Country Link
RO (1) RO120366B1 (en)

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