RO116832B1

RO116832B1 - Device for treating exhaust gases

Info

Publication number: RO116832B1
Application number: RO98-00849A
Authority: RO
Inventors: Petru Jitariu
Original assignee: Petru Jitariu
Priority date: 1998-04-08
Filing date: 1998-04-08
Publication date: 2001-06-29

Abstract

The invention relates to a device for treating the exhaust gases which is employed in road vehicles propelled by combustion motors. According to the invention the device comprises an inlet pipe (1) linked to an inlet diffuser (2) in its turn attached to a front wall (3) welded onto an external jacket (4) on the side of the outlet of the exhaust gases a bias device (5) designed to eliminate the combustion product, some fore nozzles (6) being fastened onto the front wall (3), said nozzles being made of porous ceramics of the NACA 4415 profile and communicating with a primary noise damping chamber (7) which also discharges the exhaust gases into a secondary noise damping chamber (8) through a mean nozzles (9), the secondary noise damping chamber (8) communicating with the bias device (5) through an end nozzle (10).

Description

RO 116832 BRO 116832 B

Invenția se referă la dispozitiv pentru tratarea gazelor de eșapament, utilizat la autovehiculele rutiere, care sunt propulsate de motoare cu ardere internă.The invention relates to the device for treating exhaust gases, used in road vehicles, which are propelled by internal combustion engines.

Sunt cunoscute tobele de eșapament, care sunt alcătuite dintr-o incintă cilindrică sau eliptică, în care sunt montate niște labirinturi fonoabsorbante active, fie 5 camere de atenuare reactivă sau de rezonanță.Exhaust drums are known, which consist of a cylindrical or elliptical enclosure, in which some active sound-absorbing labyrinths are mounted, either 5 reactive attenuation or resonance chambers.

Aceste tobe de eșapament au dezavantajul că răcirea gazelor arse este deficitară, din cauza schimbului redus de căldură cu mediul.These mufflers have the disadvantage that the cooling of the burnt gases is poor, due to the reduced heat exchange with the environment.

Un alt dezavantaj constă în faptul că nu se reduc cantitățile de gaze sau particule nearse sau arse incomplet în motor.Another disadvantage is that the amounts of unburned or incompletely burned gases or particles in the engine are not reduced.

io De asemenea, o astfel de tobă de eșapament consumă o cantitate importantă din energia gazelor de ardere evacuate.io Also, such a muffler consumes a significant amount of the energy of the exhaust gases.

Dispozitivul pentru tratarea gazelor de eșapament, conform invenției, elimină dezavantajele soluției menționate anterior, prin aceea că este alcătuit dintr-o țeava de intrare, racordată la un difuzor de intrare, care este fixat, la rândul său, de un perete 15 frontal, sudat de o manta exterioară, la partea de ieșire a gazelor de ardere un confuzor are rolul de a elimina produsele arderii, iar de peretele frontal, sunt fixate niște ajutaje anterioare, confecționate din ceramică poroasă cu profil NACA 4415, care comunică cu o cameră primară de atenuare a zgomotului și care deversează gazele de ardere într-o cameră secundară de atenuare a zgomotelor prin intermediul 20 unui ajutaj median, camera secundară de atenuare a zgomotelor comunicând cu confuzorul, prin intermediul unui ajutaj final; fixarea camerelor de atenuare a zgomotelor pe mantaua exterioară se face prin intermediul unor pereți despărțitori; peretele frontal, pereții despărțitori și un perete de închidere, de care este fixat ajutajul final, au realizate niște orificii pentru circulația aerului atmosferic și a 25 amestecului aer-gaze de ardere; ajutajele din ceramică poroasă au realizate niște găuri pentru amorsarea oxidării gazelor de ardere.The device for treating exhaust gases, according to the invention, eliminates the disadvantages of the aforementioned solution, in that it consists of an inlet pipe, connected to an inlet diffuser, which is fixed, in turn, to a front wall 15, welded by an external mantle, at the outlet of the combustion gases, a baffle has the role of removing the products of combustion, and on the front wall, some previous nozzles, made of porous ceramics with a NACA 4415 profile, are fixed, which communicate with a primary chamber of noise attenuation and which discharges the combustion gases into a secondary noise attenuation chamber by means of a middle nozzle, the secondary noise attenuation chamber communicating with the mixer by means of an end nozzle; the fixing of the noise attenuation chambers on the outer shell is done by means of partition walls; the front wall, the partition walls and a closing wall, to which the final nozzle is fixed, have holes for the circulation of the atmospheric air and the air-combustion gas mixture; the porous ceramic nozzles have holes for priming combustion gas oxidation.

Prin aplicarea în practică a invenție, se obțin următoarele avantaje:By applying the invention in practice, the following advantages are obtained:

- reduce presiunea necesară evacuării gazelor arse din cilindru, de la circa 1,54-2,5 bari la 0,14-0,2 bari, asigurând astfel, o creștere a randamentului motorului 30 cu circa 104-15%;- reduces the pressure required to evacuate the burnt gases from the cylinder, from about 1.54-2.5 bar to 0.14-0.2 bar, thus ensuring an increase in the efficiency of the engine 30 by about 104-15%;

- reduce nivelul zgomotului cu circa 354-45 dB;- reduces the noise level by about 354-45 dB;

- reduce temperatura gazelor eșapate de la 3OO4-4OO°C, la 1204-15O°C, făcând posibilă funcționarea corectă a unui filtru pentru oxizi de Pb;- reduces the temperature of the exhaust gases from 3OO4-4OO°C, to 1204-15O°C, making possible the correct operation of a filter for Pb oxides;

- reduce cantitatea de gaze sau particule nearse sau arse incomplet prin 35 oxidarea lor catalitică pe suprafața exterioară a ajutajelor din ceramică poroasă.- reduces the amount of unburned or incompletely burned gases or particles by their catalytic oxidation on the outer surface of the porous ceramic nozzles.

Se dă, în continuare, un exemplu de realizare a invenției, în legătură și cu fig. 1...5, care reprezintă:Next, an example of the invention is given, also in connection with fig. 1...5, which represent:

- fig.1, secțiune longitudinală prin dispozitivul pentr tratarea gazelor de eșapament;- fig.1, longitudinal section through the exhaust gas treatment device;

0 - fig.2, secțiune longitudinală prin ajutajul din ceramică poroasă ca profil aeronautic NACA 4415;0 - fig.2, longitudinal section through the porous ceramic nozzle as aeronautical profile NACA 4415;

- fig.3, vedere laterală a ajutajului din ceramică poroasă cu profil aeronautic NACA 4415;- fig.3, side view of the porous ceramic nozzle with aeronautical profile NACA 4415;

- fig.4, secțiune longitudinală prin camera de atenuare activă și reactivă a 45 zgomotului;- fig.4, longitudinal section through the chamber for active and reactive attenuation of noise;

- fig.5, secțiune, după planul A-A, din fig.4.- fig.5, section, according to plan A-A, from fig.4.

Claims

RO 116832 B

The device for treating exhaust gases, according to the invention, consists of an inlet pipe 1, connected to an inlet diffuser 2, which is fixed, in turn, to a front wall 3, welded to an outer jacket 4. At on the outlet side of the combustion gases, a baffle 5 is welded, which removes the combustion products from the vehicle engine.

On the front wall 3, some previous nozzles 6, made of porous ceramics, with NADA profile, accelerators that perform a first stage of catalytic oxidation, are fixed.

The front nozzles 6 communicate with a primary, noise reduction chamber 7, which discharges the combustion gases into a secondary noise reduction chamber 8, by means of a middle nozzle 9, accelerator. The secondary noise reduction chamber 8 communicates with the mixer 5, by means of a final nozzle 10.

The fixing of the noise attenuation chambers 8 and 7, on the outer jacket 4, is carried out by means of partition walls 11.

The front wall 3, the partition walls 11 and a closing wall 12, to which the final nozzle 10 is fixed, have made some communication holes a, of the outer enclosure with the atmospheric air.

in the previous nozzles 6, a first stage of catalytic oxidation of the noxes is carried out.

The auxiliaries made of porous ceramics have made some holes b, for priming the oxidation of noxes and unburnt products.

For the damping of mechanical shocks and thermal insulation of the nozzles, some gaskets 13 made of asbestos are provided.

in inlet diffuser 2, there is a first reduction in the velocity, heat and noise of the flue gases.

The concrete values of the dimensions of the component parts of the device are established, in part, for each type of internal combustion engine.

For special cases, in engines with large cylinder capacity, the component elements can be coupled in parallel, to obtain a desired size and efficiency.

demand

1. Device for treating exhaust gases, used in road vehicles, which are propelled by internal combustion engines, characterized in that it consists of an inlet pipe (1), connected to an inlet diffuser (2), which is fixed, in turn, to a front wall [3], welded to an outer jacket (4), at the exit of the combustion gases, a mixer (5) has the role of removing the combustion products, and to the front wall (3), some front nozzles (6) are fixed, made of porous ceramic with profile NADA 4415, which communicate with a primary noise reduction chamber (7) and discharge the combustion gases into a secondary noise reduction chamber (8), by means of a middle nozzle (9), the secondary noise reduction chamber [8] communicating with the confusor (5), by means of a final nozzle (10).

RO 116832 Β

2. Device according to claim 1, characterized in that the fixing of the noise attenuation chambers [7 and 8) on the outer jacket (4) is done by means of partition walls (11).

95

3. Device according to claims 1 and 2, characterized in that the front wall (3), the partition walls (11) and a closing wall (12), to which the end nozzle (10) is fixed, have holes (a) , for the circulation of atmospheric air and the air-combustion gas mixture.

4. Device according to claims 1-f3, characterized in that the porous ceramic nozzles 100 have holes (b) for priming combustion gas oxidation.

The president of the examination committee: Eng. Gurzău loan

Expert: engineer Gruia Dan