PL815B1 - Method of obtaining phenol from coal tar. - Google Patents
Method of obtaining phenol from coal tar. Download PDFInfo
- Publication number
- PL815B1 PL815B1 PL815A PL81522A PL815B1 PL 815 B1 PL815 B1 PL 815B1 PL 815 A PL815 A PL 815A PL 81522 A PL81522 A PL 81522A PL 815 B1 PL815 B1 PL 815B1
- Authority
- PL
- Poland
- Prior art keywords
- phenol
- coal tar
- homologues
- mixture
- pressure
- Prior art date
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- ISWSIDIOOBJBQZ-UHFFFAOYSA-N Phenol Chemical compound OC1=CC=CC=C1 ISWSIDIOOBJBQZ-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 title claims description 22
- 239000011280 coal tar Substances 0.000 title claims description 3
- 238000000034 method Methods 0.000 title claims description 3
- 239000000203 mixture Substances 0.000 claims description 7
- 239000002253 acid Substances 0.000 claims description 4
- ISWSIDIOOBJBQZ-UHFFFAOYSA-M phenolate Chemical compound [O-]C1=CC=CC=C1 ISWSIDIOOBJBQZ-UHFFFAOYSA-M 0.000 claims description 4
- 229940031826 phenolate Drugs 0.000 claims description 4
- 239000003513 alkali Substances 0.000 claims description 3
- 150000007513 acids Chemical class 0.000 claims description 2
- 239000012530 fluid Substances 0.000 claims 1
- 150000001875 compounds Chemical class 0.000 description 4
- XLYOFNOQVPJJNP-UHFFFAOYSA-N water Substances O XLYOFNOQVPJJNP-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 description 3
- QAOWNCQODCNURD-UHFFFAOYSA-N Sulfuric acid Chemical compound OS(O)(=O)=O QAOWNCQODCNURD-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 description 2
- 238000004821 distillation Methods 0.000 description 2
- 239000000126 substance Substances 0.000 description 2
- QAOWNCQODCNURD-UHFFFAOYSA-L Sulfate Chemical compound [O-]S([O-])(=O)=O QAOWNCQODCNURD-UHFFFAOYSA-L 0.000 description 1
- 239000007864 aqueous solution Substances 0.000 description 1
- 239000002585 base Substances 0.000 description 1
- 238000009835 boiling Methods 0.000 description 1
- 238000005119 centrifugation Methods 0.000 description 1
- 239000003245 coal Substances 0.000 description 1
- 150000001896 cresols Chemical class 0.000 description 1
- 238000002425 crystallisation Methods 0.000 description 1
- 230000008025 crystallization Effects 0.000 description 1
- 230000003292 diminished effect Effects 0.000 description 1
- 239000011286 gas tar Substances 0.000 description 1
- 239000012263 liquid product Substances 0.000 description 1
- 230000007774 longterm Effects 0.000 description 1
- 150000002989 phenols Chemical class 0.000 description 1
- 239000000047 product Substances 0.000 description 1
- 150000003839 salts Chemical class 0.000 description 1
- 229920006395 saturated elastomer Polymers 0.000 description 1
- 239000002689 soil Substances 0.000 description 1
- 239000000243 solution Substances 0.000 description 1
Description
Fenol ze smoly pogazowej1 otrzymuje sie w ten sposób, ze frakcje smoly pogazowej, zawierajaca fenol i jego hoimologi traktu¬ je sie rozlazyneim alkalji i &kfóaa; wte^ dy fenol i jego homologi' przechodza do rozczynu. W celu usuniecia rozpuszczo¬ nych jednoczesnie zwiazków iiiekwasnych, rozozyn fenolami i krezolanów gotuje sie tak dlugo, dopóki nie zniknie przykry zapach tych zwiazków. Nastepnie wytraca sie kwasem fenol i j;ego hotmologi, i w celu oddzielenia fenolu od homoiogów poddaje sie mieszanine czastkowej desitylacji badz pod cisnieniem zwyklem; badz zmniejiszor nem. Metoda ta wymaga kilkakrotnej! de*- stylacji, polaczonej z krystalizacja i odwi¬ rowywaniem plynnych produktów, albo wy¬ maga, tez bardzo zlozonych urzadzen, co w znacznej mierze wplywa na koszt same¬ go produktu.Zauwazono, ze dodanie odpowiedniej ilo¬ sci ailkalji, badzto do frakcji smoly pogazo¬ wej, zawierajacej fenol, badz tez do miesza¬ niny juz wytraconych fenolu i jego homo^ logów, wiaze tylko fenol, a jego homologi poizoistaja niezwiazane. Jezeli wiec do mie¬ szaniny fenolu i jego homoiogów' dodac tyle alkalji, ile odpowiada znajdujacemu sie w niej fenolowi i mieszanine poddac desty¬ lacji pod cisnieniem zmniejszoinem lub zwy¬ klem, to oddesitlyloiwuja sie hottniologi fenolu, a fenJol polzoisitanie w poistiaici feinoiajnu. Jezeli otrzymany fenolan ogrziewac pod cisnieniem zmnieijIsztoWem do temperaltury 180° to fuliajtl- niaja sie i zwiazki, nlakiajacie przykry zas¬ pach fenolowi. Otrzymany fenolan zadaje sie odpowiednia iloscia kwasu i wydzielony fe¬ nol pirzedestylowuje sie.Metode powyzsza mozna stosowac i w ten sposób, ze do wydzielonych ze smoly poga-zowej mieszaniny fenolanu i jogo homolo- gów dodaje sie ilosc kwasu odpowiadaja¬ ca zawartosci krezolanów i oddestylowuje sie pod cisnieniem zmniejszoneni Wydzielone krezole, a w naczyniu pozostaj© fenolan i sól uzytego kwasu i zasady.Przyklad.Do 100 czesci mieszaniny fenolu i wyz¬ szych homologów, o zawartosci fenolu 20°/0, dodaje sie 8,5 czesci wodorotlenku sodowe¬ go w rozczynie wodnym, dobrzie sklóca i mie¬ szanine poddaje sie destylacji pod cisnie¬ niem zmniiejisizonem. Najpierw przechodzi woda,, poitem wyzsze hottnioiogi fettnolu, wresz¬ cie, gdy temperatura naczynia piodhiesie sie do 180°, przechodza zwiazki, nadajace fenolowi przykry zapach. Pozostaly fenolan rozklada sie 10,4 czesciami kwasu siarko^ wego w rozczynie wodnym, wydzielony fe- n!ol dddzieliai sie od! Wddlneigo rolzozymi siar- tfzianu siodu i prziedestyjowuje sie. Najpierw przechodzi troche Wody, a potem fenol o sta¬ lej temperaturze wrzenia-, co wskazuje na, jego czystosc. • PL PLPhenol from coal tar1 is obtained by treating the phenol fractions of coal tar and its homology with diluted alkali and &kfóaa; then the phenol and its homologues pass into the solution. In order to remove the simultaneously dissolved acidic compounds, rosins with phenols and cresolates, the mixture is boiled until the odor of these compounds disappears. The phenol and its hotmologi are then precipitated with the acid, and the mixture is subjected to partial desitilation or normal pressure to separate the phenol from the homogeneous substances; be diminished. This method requires multiple times! distillation, combined with crystallization and centrifugation of liquid products, or requires very complex equipment, which largely affects the cost of the product itself. Gas tar, containing phenol, or to a mixture of already precipitated phenol and its homologues, binds only phenol, and its homologues are unrelated. Therefore, if to the mixture of phenol and its homogeneous substances, add as much alkali as the phenol contained in it, and subject the mixture to distillation under reduced or ordinary pressure, the phenol hottniology dissipates, and phenol polzoisite in the feinoi poistiaici. If the obtained phenolate is heated under pressure and reduced to a temperature of 180 °, then the compounds and compounds are fully saturated, and the unpleasant aroma of phenol is consumed. The obtained phenolate is mixed with an appropriate amount of acid, and the separated phenol is distilled. under pressure reduced. The released cresols, and the phenolate and the salt of the acid and base used remain in the vessel. diluted in water, good skins and the mixture is distilled under reduced pressure. First, the water passes through the higher fettnol hottnioiogi, and finally, when the temperature of the vessel reaches 180 °, the compounds that give the phenol an unpleasant odor pass. The remaining phenate is decomposed by 10.4 parts of sulfuric acid in the aqueous solution, the released phenol split apart from! In the long term, the soil of the sulfuric sulfate is transformed. Some Water passes first, then a constant boiling phenol - which indicates its purity. • PL PL
Claims (1)
Publications (1)
| Publication Number | Publication Date |
|---|---|
| PL815B1 true PL815B1 (en) | 1924-11-29 |
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