PL3798B3 - The method of producing sodium sulphate and potassium sulphate. - Google Patents
The method of producing sodium sulphate and potassium sulphate. Download PDFInfo
- Publication number
- PL3798B3 PL3798B3 PL3798A PL379820A PL3798B3 PL 3798 B3 PL3798 B3 PL 3798B3 PL 3798 A PL3798 A PL 3798A PL 379820 A PL379820 A PL 379820A PL 3798 B3 PL3798 B3 PL 3798B3
- Authority
- PL
- Poland
- Prior art keywords
- alkali
- sulphate
- magnesium
- sulphates
- melt
- Prior art date
Links
- 238000000034 method Methods 0.000 title claims description 10
- OTYBMLCTZGSZBG-UHFFFAOYSA-L potassium sulfate Chemical compound [K+].[K+].[O-]S([O-])(=O)=O OTYBMLCTZGSZBG-UHFFFAOYSA-L 0.000 title claims description 5
- 229910052939 potassium sulfate Inorganic materials 0.000 title claims description 5
- 235000011151 potassium sulphates Nutrition 0.000 title claims description 5
- 239000001120 potassium sulphate Substances 0.000 title description 4
- PMZURENOXWZQFD-UHFFFAOYSA-L Sodium Sulfate Chemical compound [Na+].[Na+].[O-]S([O-])(=O)=O PMZURENOXWZQFD-UHFFFAOYSA-L 0.000 title description 3
- 229910052938 sodium sulfate Inorganic materials 0.000 title description 2
- 235000011152 sodium sulphate Nutrition 0.000 title description 2
- VEXZGXHMUGYJMC-UHFFFAOYSA-N Hydrochloric acid Chemical compound Cl VEXZGXHMUGYJMC-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 claims description 18
- 239000003513 alkali Substances 0.000 claims description 14
- CSNNHWWHGAXBCP-UHFFFAOYSA-L Magnesium sulfate Chemical compound [Mg+2].[O-][S+2]([O-])([O-])[O-] CSNNHWWHGAXBCP-UHFFFAOYSA-L 0.000 claims description 10
- CPLXHLVBOLITMK-UHFFFAOYSA-N magnesium oxide Inorganic materials [Mg]=O CPLXHLVBOLITMK-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 claims description 8
- 239000011777 magnesium Substances 0.000 claims description 6
- 150000003467 sulfuric acid derivatives Chemical class 0.000 claims description 6
- 239000007788 liquid Substances 0.000 claims description 5
- 239000000395 magnesium oxide Substances 0.000 claims description 5
- 229910000272 alkali metal oxide Inorganic materials 0.000 claims description 4
- 239000000956 alloy Substances 0.000 claims description 4
- 229910045601 alloy Inorganic materials 0.000 claims description 4
- 150000001805 chlorine compounds Chemical class 0.000 claims description 4
- 229910052943 magnesium sulfate Inorganic materials 0.000 claims description 4
- 235000019341 magnesium sulphate Nutrition 0.000 claims description 4
- 239000000203 mixture Substances 0.000 claims description 4
- 238000004519 manufacturing process Methods 0.000 claims description 3
- FYYHWMGAXLPEAU-UHFFFAOYSA-N Magnesium Chemical compound [Mg] FYYHWMGAXLPEAU-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 claims description 2
- 229910052749 magnesium Inorganic materials 0.000 claims description 2
- 159000000003 magnesium salts Chemical class 0.000 claims description 2
- AXZKOIWUVFPNLO-UHFFFAOYSA-N magnesium;oxygen(2-) Chemical compound [O-2].[Mg+2] AXZKOIWUVFPNLO-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 claims description 2
- 239000002244 precipitate Substances 0.000 claims description 2
- 150000001447 alkali salts Chemical class 0.000 claims 1
- 230000015572 biosynthetic process Effects 0.000 claims 1
- 239000000155 melt Substances 0.000 claims 1
- XLYOFNOQVPJJNP-UHFFFAOYSA-N water Chemical compound O XLYOFNOQVPJJNP-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 claims 1
- 150000003839 salts Chemical class 0.000 description 6
- 238000006243 chemical reaction Methods 0.000 description 4
- 239000000460 chlorine Substances 0.000 description 4
- TWRXJAOTZQYOKJ-UHFFFAOYSA-L Magnesium chloride Chemical compound [Mg+2].[Cl-].[Cl-] TWRXJAOTZQYOKJ-UHFFFAOYSA-L 0.000 description 3
- 239000007858 starting material Substances 0.000 description 3
- 235000008733 Citrus aurantifolia Nutrition 0.000 description 2
- DGAQECJNVWCQMB-PUAWFVPOSA-M Ilexoside XXIX Chemical compound C[C@@H]1CC[C@@]2(CC[C@@]3(C(=CC[C@H]4[C@]3(CC[C@@H]5[C@@]4(CC[C@@H](C5(C)C)OS(=O)(=O)[O-])C)C)[C@@H]2[C@]1(C)O)C)C(=O)O[C@H]6[C@@H]([C@H]([C@@H]([C@H](O6)CO)O)O)O.[Na+] DGAQECJNVWCQMB-PUAWFVPOSA-M 0.000 description 2
- ZLMJMSJWJFRBEC-UHFFFAOYSA-N Potassium Chemical group [K] ZLMJMSJWJFRBEC-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 description 2
- FAPWRFPIFSIZLT-UHFFFAOYSA-M Sodium chloride Chemical compound [Na+].[Cl-] FAPWRFPIFSIZLT-UHFFFAOYSA-M 0.000 description 2
- QAOWNCQODCNURD-UHFFFAOYSA-L Sulfate Chemical compound [O-]S([O-])(=O)=O QAOWNCQODCNURD-UHFFFAOYSA-L 0.000 description 2
- QAOWNCQODCNURD-UHFFFAOYSA-N Sulfuric acid Chemical compound OS(O)(=O)=O QAOWNCQODCNURD-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 description 2
- 235000011941 Tilia x europaea Nutrition 0.000 description 2
- 239000002253 acid Substances 0.000 description 2
- 229910001854 alkali hydroxide Inorganic materials 0.000 description 2
- 150000008044 alkali metal hydroxides Chemical class 0.000 description 2
- 229910052928 kieserite Inorganic materials 0.000 description 2
- 239000004571 lime Substances 0.000 description 2
- PALNZFJYSCMLBK-UHFFFAOYSA-K magnesium;potassium;trichloride;hexahydrate Chemical compound O.O.O.O.O.O.[Mg+2].[Cl-].[Cl-].[Cl-].[K+] PALNZFJYSCMLBK-UHFFFAOYSA-K 0.000 description 2
- 239000011591 potassium Substances 0.000 description 2
- 229910052700 potassium Inorganic materials 0.000 description 2
- VEXZGXHMUGYJMC-UHFFFAOYSA-M Chloride anion Chemical compound [Cl-] VEXZGXHMUGYJMC-UHFFFAOYSA-M 0.000 description 1
- KZBUYRJDOAKODT-UHFFFAOYSA-N Chlorine Chemical compound ClCl KZBUYRJDOAKODT-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 description 1
- ZAMOUSCENKQFHK-UHFFFAOYSA-N Chlorine atom Chemical compound [Cl] ZAMOUSCENKQFHK-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 description 1
- 239000002585 base Substances 0.000 description 1
- 238000007664 blowing Methods 0.000 description 1
- 229910052801 chlorine Inorganic materials 0.000 description 1
- 230000008030 elimination Effects 0.000 description 1
- 238000003379 elimination reaction Methods 0.000 description 1
- 239000012467 final product Substances 0.000 description 1
- 230000005484 gravity Effects 0.000 description 1
- 238000010438 heat treatment Methods 0.000 description 1
- 238000002386 leaching Methods 0.000 description 1
- 229910001629 magnesium chloride Inorganic materials 0.000 description 1
- FXBYOMANNHFNQV-UHFFFAOYSA-L magnesium;hydrogen sulfate Chemical compound [Mg+2].OS([O-])(=O)=O.OS([O-])(=O)=O FXBYOMANNHFNQV-UHFFFAOYSA-L 0.000 description 1
- BMQVDVJKPMGHDO-UHFFFAOYSA-K magnesium;potassium;chloride;sulfate;trihydrate Chemical compound O.O.O.[Mg+2].[Cl-].[K+].[O-]S([O-])(=O)=O BMQVDVJKPMGHDO-UHFFFAOYSA-K 0.000 description 1
- 230000007935 neutral effect Effects 0.000 description 1
- 150000003109 potassium Chemical class 0.000 description 1
- 159000000001 potassium salts Chemical class 0.000 description 1
- 238000000926 separation method Methods 0.000 description 1
- 239000011734 sodium Chemical group 0.000 description 1
- 229910052708 sodium Chemical group 0.000 description 1
- 239000011780 sodium chloride Substances 0.000 description 1
- 239000000126 substance Substances 0.000 description 1
- 229910021653 sulphate ion Inorganic materials 0.000 description 1
- 239000002699 waste material Substances 0.000 description 1
Description
Przedmiotem niniejszego wynalazku jest dalszy rozwój punktu zasadniczego, podlug którego nasycanie soli potasowych odbywa sie dzieki temu, ze po przedmucha¬ niu przegrzanej pary wcdhej przez stopio¬ na sól, nastepuje wydzielanie sie soli ma¬ gnezowych majacych wysoki ciezar wla¬ sciwy, w formie Mg O z cieklo plynnego (przegrzanego) stopu — droga osiadania na dno, poczem niezwlocznie odbywa sie wypuszczenie nasyconego potasu, jako pro¬ duktu ostatecznego. W danym wypadku mozna ze szczególnem powodzeniem za¬ stosowac zasadnicza mysl patentu glówne¬ go dla wytwarzania siarczanu sodu albo potasu, Dotychczas wytwarzano te sole prze¬ waznie podlug sposobu Leblanc'a i Hargre- aves'a.Próbowano dzialac na chlorek sodowy podczas zimowego chlodu zapomoca odpad¬ ków kizerytu, zawierajacego przewaznie siarczan magnezu. Czyniono równiez próby wywolywania wymiennej reakcji podlug równania: 2 Na Cl+Mg SO, = Na2 SO^A-Mg C/2 zapomoca nagrzewania. Lecz wszystkie te metody sprowadzaly sie w ostatecznosci do procedur lugowania.W danym wynalazku zostaje wiec roz¬ lozony chlorek magnezowy jak równiez isiarczan magnezowy z równoczesnem wy¬ dzielaniem sie tlenku magnezu jako osadu *j przy ul^m^iu\sie kwasu solnego, pod- *czae gdyvkWfs siarczany siarczanu magne¬ zowego w zupelnosci zostaje zwiazany z potasem lub sodem, a wiec nie ulatnia sie.Reakcja wymienna nastepuje podlug równania: Z powyzszego wyplywa sposób wytwa¬ rzania siarczanu potasowego lub siarczanu sodowego/ z chlorku potasu lub chlorku sodowego przez wymiane z siarczanem magnezowym (kizeryt) jako stop plynny przy wdmuchiwaniu pary wodnej.Równoznaczne ilosci tych soli obrabia sie jako stop plynny zapomoca przegrzanej pary wodnej; sklarowany (po ustaniu sie) stop przedstawia gotowy siarczan.Mysl zasadnicza, przedstawionego u- przednio sposobu, daje sie rozwinac tak dalece, ze mozna wogóle jako z materjahi wyjsciowego z jednej strony chlorków al- kaljów i alkaljów ziemnych lub tlenochlor¬ ków, z drugiej strony z siarczanów alkal¬ jów, siarczanów alkaljów ziemnych, wodo¬ rotlenków alkaljów i alkaljów ziemnych lub tlenków, wreszcie soli mieszalnych najroz¬ maitszego gatunku chlorków i siarczanów alkaljów z ziem alkalicznych i przy odpo¬ wiedniej temperaturze, zapomoca przedmu¬ chiwania pary wodnej (w danym wypadku zmieszanej z powietrzem lub gazem obo¬ jetnym) w stanie plynno-stopionym osia¬ gnac co nastepuje: 1. Zostaje wyparowana taka ilosc kwei- su solnego, jaka odpowiada ogólnej ilosci ziem alkalicznych bez ogólnej zawartosci kwasu siarczanego (obydwa w oblicze¬ niu na równoznaczniki chemiczne). 2. Wydziela sie taka ilosc tlenku alka¬ ljów ziemnych lub wodorotlenku tychze, ja¬ ka odpowiada wyparowanemu kwasowi solnemu.Tak wiec w rezultacie tworzy sie stop, w którym pozostaja i schodza sie w zalez¬ nosci od materjalu wyjsciowego resztki kwasu i tlenki, odpowiadajace obydwóm powyzszym warunkom. 1 wlasnie w szczególniejszy sposób re¬ zultat jest w zupelnosci niezalezny od te¬ go, czy naprzyklad kwas siarczany zostal wprowadzony w zwiazku z ajkaljami ziem- nemi lub alkaljami. W drodze przykladu otrzymuje sie podlug tego wynalazku na¬ stepujace trzy nieoczekiwane reakcje: 1. Kainit + karnalit = siarczanowi po¬ tasowemu + magnezja + kwas solny: Mg 504 K Cl + Mg Cl2 K Cl + +2 H2 0=2 Mg 0-\-4 H Cl2-\-K2 S04 2. Polihalit + karnalit = siarczanowi potasu + wapno + magnezja + kwas solny: 2 Ca SO^.Mg 504 K2 SOL + + 6 (K Cl.Mg CLJ +9 H20 = =4K2SO,-\-2 Ca 0 f7 Mg 0+18 H Cl Równiez mozna wprowadzac do stopu zasadniczego tlenki albo tlenochlorki. Na¬ stepnie mozna równiez osiagnac przez od¬ powiedni sklad mieszaniny zasadniczej za¬ miast czystych soli mieszane sole pozada¬ nego skladu lub przez niezupelne przepro¬ wadzenie reakcji otrzymac tlenochlorki.Biorac rzecz bardzo ogólnie, mozna po¬ wiedziec co nastepuje: 1. Podlug niniejszego wynalazku jest moznosc wydalenia ze stopów, ulozonych planowo w dowolnej formie pierwotnej, wydzielic równoznaczne ilosci tlenków al¬ kaljów ziemnych i kwasu solnego, nieza¬ leznie od tego w jakim zwiazku zostaly wprowadzone tlenki alkaljów ziemnych i kwas solny.Mozna równiez otrzymac chlorki w po¬ zadanej formie przy wykorzystaniu tego faktu, ze wypedzenie kwasu solnego odby- — 2 —wa sie w dlwu odstepach. Pierwszy odstep siega dotad, az wydzieli sie osad magnezu.Dopiero, gdy cala, przeznaczona do stra¬ cenia magnezja zostanie stracona, zaczyna wydzielac sie wapno. Jest wiec latwo o- trzymac w stopie takie ilosci chloru, któ¬ re sa równowartosciowe obecnej ilosci po¬ tasu. PLIt is an object of the present invention to further develop the principle whereby the saturation of the potassium salts is accomplished by the fact that when the superheated steam is blown through the molten salt, magnesium salts having a high specific gravity are released in the form of Mg. From the liquid of the liquid (overheated) melt - the way to the bottom, then the discharge of saturated potassium as a final product is carried out immediately. In this case, the basic idea of the master patent for the production of sodium or potassium sulphate can be applied with particular success. Hitherto these salts have been prepared mainly by the method of Leblanc and Hargreaves. Efforts have been made to treat sodium chloride during the winter cold. with the aid of kieserite waste, mainly containing magnesium sulphate. Attempts were also made to induce an exchange reaction according to the equation: 2 Na Cl + Mg SO, = Na2 SO ^ A-Mg C / 2 by means of heating. But all these methods ultimately boiled down to the leaching procedures. In this invention, therefore, the magnesium chloride and also the magnesium sulphate are decomposed, with the simultaneous separation of magnesium oxide as a precipitate with the addition of hydrochloric acid under - * sometimes, when the magnesium sulfate sulfate is completely bound to potassium or sodium, it does not evaporate. The exchange reaction follows the equation: exchanged with magnesium sulphate (kieserite) as a liquid melt when steam is injected. Equivalent amounts of these salts are treated as a liquid melt by superheated steam; the clarified alloy (after it has come to an end) represents the finished sulfate. The basic idea of the process described above can be developed to such an extent that it can be developed as a starting material on the one hand of alkali and earth alkali or oxychlorides on the one hand, and on the other hand the side of alkali sulphates, earth alkali sulphates, alkali hydroxides and earth alkali or oxides, and finally the miscible salts of the most diverse types of alkaline earth chlorides and sulphates and at the appropriate temperature, by means of steam blowing (in in a given case mixed with air or a neutral gas) in a liquid-molten state, the following is achieved: 1. The amount of hydrochloric acid is evaporated, which corresponds to the total amount of alkaline earth without the total content of sulfuric acid (both in the calculation to chemical equivalents). 2.A quantity of earth alkali oxide or alkali hydroxide is released as corresponds to evaporated hydrochloric acid. Thus, an alloy is formed in which acid residues and oxides corresponding to the starting material remain and collapse depending on the starting material. both of the above. In this particular way, the result is completely independent of whether, for example, sulphate acid has been introduced in connection with earth alkali or alkali. By way of example, three unexpected reactions are obtained according to this invention: 1. Kainite + carnallite = potassium sulphate + magnesia + hydrochloric acid: Mg 504 K Cl + Mg Cl2 K Cl + +2 H2 0 = 2 Mg 0- \ -4 H Cl2 - \ - K2 SO4 2. Polyhalite + carnallite = potassium sulphate + lime + magnesia + hydrochloric acid: 2 Ca SO ^ .Mg 504 K2 SOL + + 6 (K Cl.Mg CLJ +9 H20 = = 4K2SO Also, oxides or oxychlorides can be introduced into the base melt. It can also be achieved by a suitable composition of the basic mixture instead of pure salts mixed salts of the desired composition or by incomplete reaction to obtain chloride oxides. In general terms, the following can be said: 1. The purpose of the present invention is to be able to expel from alloys, arranged in any original form, to extract equivalent amounts of earth alkali oxides and hydrochloric acid, no matter what the alkali oxides are introduced into in earthen and hydrochloric acid. It is also possible to obtain chlorides in the desired form using the fact that the elimination of hydrochloric acid takes place in two intervals. The first interval goes back to the point where a magnesium deposit is released. It is only when all the magnesia to be lost has been lost that lime begins to form. It is therefore easy to melt such amounts of chlorine as are equivalent to the amount of potassium present. PL
Claims (3)
Publications (1)
| Publication Number | Publication Date |
|---|---|
| PL3798B3 true PL3798B3 (en) | 1926-02-27 |
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