PL3207B1

PL3207B1 -

Info

Publication number: PL3207B1
Application number: PL3207A
Authority: PL
Filing date: 1923-10-05
Publication date: 1925-12-31

Description

Niniejszy wynalazek dotyczy aparatu do wyciagania oleju z lupków bitumicz¬ nych, która to nazwa objete sa wszelkie stale materjaly ziemne, zawierajace we¬ glowodory, które wydzielaja oleje, gdy pod¬ da sie je nagrzewaniu, czy to zapomoca de¬ stylacji czastkowiej, czy zwyklej destylacji; w szczególnosci wynalazek dotyczy dolne¬ go zamkniecia retorty komory lub zbiorni¬ ka, w którym lupek bitumiczny jest pod¬ grzewany.Wynalazek daje sie zastosowac do te¬ go, co nazywa sie „procesem przerywanym wewnetrznego spalania", zgodnie z którym granice spalania przesuwa sie stopniowo nadól poprzez ladunek lupku, zawartego w zamknietej komorze, czyli generatorze, z którego zuzyty lupek winien byc usu¬ niety po zakonczeniu operacji.Wedlug dctychczaisowego systemu, ko¬ mory te sa zaopatrzone w drzwiczki u spo¬ du bocznej scianki, tuz ponad rusztami i praca przy wyladowywaniu zuzytego1 lup¬ ku jest bardzo znaczna. Doswiadczenie wy¬ kazuje, ze potrzebna jest praca trzech lu¬ dzi w ciagu osmiu godzin dla wyladowania komory, czyli retorty pojemnosci dwu¬ dziestu tonn.Retorty, czyli zbiorniki, podgrzewane od zewnatrz, sa w tym celu tak umieszczone, ze ich zawartosci moga byc opróznione przez usuniecie plyty, czyli czesci podtrzy¬ mujacej ladunek z pod retorty, czyli zbior¬ nika. To zwykle bylo osiagane przez u- mieszczenie na zawiasach plyty, czyli cze¬ sci podtrzymujacej ladunek, przyczem swo- rzen zawias bywal umfleszczony z jednego boku retorty; równiez proponowano do-tychczas umieszczac plyte, czyli czesc pod- trzymujaca ladunek (która byla polozona w plaszczyznie poziomej) na kólkach tak, ze ta czesc, czyli plyta moglaby byc prze¬ suwana poziomo, poprzecznie do retorty.Wynalazek ninitejszy ma na celu umoz¬ liwic •wyladowywanie zuzytego lupku z re¬ tort lub generatorów (w szczególnosci ge¬ neratorów o wielkiej pojemnosci — okolo 20 tonn lub wiecej), w których ladunek lupku w generatorze podlega przejsciu w kierunku zgóry nadól linji spalania. Ta okolicznosc nasuwa trudnosci, które nie *; ij&ogly, byc' usuniete zapomoca sposobów i przyrzadów dotychczas proponowanych.Ruszta nie moga obracac sie na przegubach, poniewaz ogromny ciezar, dzialajacy na nile, robi wszelkie urzadzenie przegubowe niepozytecznem. Ciezar ten zapobiega u- zyciu czesci podtrzymujacej ladlinek, ma¬ jacej pozioma powierzchnie zastosowana do przesuwainia sie w plaszczyznie pozio¬ mej. Poza, tern dzieki spalaniu, przesuwaja¬ cemu sie ku dolowi wewnatrz retorty lub zbiornika, gdy spalanie to sie skonczy i na¬ lezy wyladowac zuzyty lupek, ruszta sa poddane najwiekszemu zarowi, co jeist od¬ wrotne do tego, gdyby spalanie postepowalo od dolu ku górze. Dzieki spalaniu wewnatrz retorty, pozostalosc, która mai byc wylado- waina, niepodobna jest do reszty pozostla- wtonej w retorcie, czyli komorze, podgrza¬ nej od zewnatrz.Zgodnie z tym wynalazkiem zamkniecie dolne sklada sie ze zbiornika oleju i kraty nad nim i jest zastosowane do utworzenia urzadzenia, nileprzepus-zczajacego powie¬ trza, Wraiz z; retorta lub komora podczas procesu spalania w niej, i do usuwania za¬ wartosci komory przez wysuwanie spodb.Uwazane jest za najlepsze umieszczenie zaimiknilecilal dolnego- na kólkafch* chodza¬ cych po szynach, i umieszcza sie dolny ko¬ niec retorty lub komory, do której jest zar stosowane zamkniecie, pod takim kaitem do plaszczyzny wózka,, ze wszystkie czesci tego zamkniecia, które sa przeznaczone do przyczepienia do wskazanego konca, moga byc przesuwane dla rozlaczenia z nim kolejno i bez ruchu wahadlowego, przez co tarcie pomiedzy kolumna lupku zuzytego i rusztami sprowadza sie do mi¬ nimum. Dalsze cechy wynalazku beda za¬ mieszczone w PLThe present invention relates to an apparatus for extracting oil from bituminous shale, which name covers all solid earth materials containing hydrocarbons which emit oils when subjected to heating, either by partial or simple distillation. distillation; in particular, the invention relates to the lower closure of a retort of a chamber or vessel in which the bituminous shale is heated. The invention is applicable to what is called "intermittent internal combustion process", whereby the combustion boundaries are shifted gradually follow the charge of the slate contained in a closed chamber, i.e. a generator, from which the used slate should be removed after the end of the operation. the work of discharging the spent loupe is very considerable. Experience has shown that it takes three people within eight hours to discharge the chamber, i.e. the twenty-tonne retorts. Retorts, i.e. tanks, heated from the outside, are for this purpose, positioned so that their contents can be emptied by removing the plate, i.e. the part supporting the cargo from the retort, i.e. the reservoir. it was achieved by placing the plate on the hinges, ie the part supporting the load, with the hinge pin being flared on one side of the retort; it has also been proposed so far to place the plate, i.e. the part supporting the load (which was placed in the horizontal plane) on the wheels so that this part, i.e. the plate, could be moved horizontally, transversely to the retort. • discharging spent slate from the rake or generators (in particular large capacity generators - about 20 tons or more), in which the slate charge in the generator passes towards the top of the combustion line. This circumstance presents difficulties which are not *; and, to be removed using the methods and devices proposed so far. The grate cannot turn on the joints, because the enormous weight acting on the nile makes any articulated device useless. This weight prevents the use of a load-bearing portion of the wedge, which has a horizontal surface that is used to slide in a horizontal plane. Besides, due to combustion moving downwards inside the retort or tank, when combustion is finished and the used slate is to be discharged, the grates are subjected to the greatest glow, which, on the contrary, if the combustion proceeded from the bottom to the bottom. Mountain. Due to the combustion inside the retort, the residue to be discharged is unlike the rest that is left in the retort, i.e. a chamber heated from the outside. According to this invention, the bottom closure consists of an oil reservoir and a grate above it and is used to form the device, non-permeable air, impression; a retort or chamber during the combustion process therein, and for the removal of the chamber contents by the sliding of the bottom. It is considered best to place the lower end of the lower wheel on the pulley running on the rails, and the lower end of the retort or chamber into which a closure is used, under such a cassette to the plane of the trolley, that all parts of the closure, which are intended to be attached to the indicated end, can be moved to disconnect with it sequentially and without swinging movement, thus friction between the used slate column and the grates it comes down to the minimum. Further features of the invention will be included in PL

Claims

patent claims, below. In the accompanying drawings the best embodiment of the invention is shown. Fig. 1 is a side view of the generator, fg. 2 is a sectional view along line 2-2 of FIG. 1, fitg. 3 is a median pib section through the lower part of the chamber, ie retorts, and Fig. 4 shows a variation. The retort, i.e. the chamber, has a shell 1 and is filled with this, that is, from the slate 2, resting on columns 3, which rest on horizontal beams 4, one of which 4 * is on the higher level, to leave room for closing the door on the bottom, shown in full as 5th Retort! that is, the best version of the tank is slightly oblique to the top. The closure 5 consists of grates 6, the surface of which is inclined; They sit on the walls of the oil reservoir 7, which is the closed bottom of the shell, while this closure is provided with wheels 8 rolling on rails 9. The side walls and sub-shells have such a shape at the bottom that the grates and the reservoir are The ¬ ny 7 forms a sealed device when this is in the normal position. The front wall of the port 7 has a pipe connection which is connected to the outlet pipe 11 for condensed oils. The bottom of the tank 7, in the best execution, is inclined with respect to the joint 10. The bottom closure is moved by means of a screw 12, fixed for this purpose in 13 and closed with a nut 14, driven by a suitable motor 15 The activity is visible. Upon completion of the landing, the nut 14 sets the aircraft in motion, while the bottom lock is extended from the under load and can rest on a trolley 16 which slides along rails 17 at the bottom of the generator1. It is clear that other forms of motor gear may be used to extend the lower pronoun, as well as that instead of having the top surface of the grates inclined, it may be horizontal when the track along which they travel rashta, is tilted. 4) shows this variation, since the result obtained is the same as when the tilt of the slope of the corner, i.e. the slope of the slope, changes the amount of movement to be stuck by the friction existing between the used slate column and the surface of the grates. In this case, the saime moves are horizontal, but the trajectory along which the recess follows is inclined forward towards the dolbwii. This drawing also show on; an example of the different ways to move the grates and the bottom; These may be the gear wheel 18 and the track, as a gear 19, with the motor 20 being attached to the frame of the carriage for driving one of the rollers of the gear transmission. Patent claims. 1. Apparatus for extracting the oil from all solid earth mafterials (bituminous shale), consisting of a vertical retort, i.e. a chamber in which a charge of bituminous shale is used to discharge the combustion line from the top to the bottom and from the bottom closure for this retort or chamber, the characteristic is that this closure consists of an oil reservoir and a grid above it and is used to form, together with the retort, or chamber, a sealing device during the combustion process and for the displacement of go1 from the poid of the chamber, for the purpose described. 2. Camera according to the button. 1 (1 the bottom closure of which is placed on the wheels used for rolling force along the rail track, characterized by the fact that the lower edge of the retort, i.e. the chamber to which the closure is fitted, is at such an angle to the plane that all parts of this closure, connected to the joining of the evil edge, can be pulled out from underneath it, either by motion or without an oscillating motion. 3. Apparatus according to table 1 or 2, characterized by the area that the oil reservoir has a side The first outlet (10), used to connect to the outlet pipe, when the bottom closure is in place under the retbrtal, i.e. the chamber. 4. Apparatus according to chart 3, characterized by the area, with the upper surface lying in a horizontal plane, and the tracks are inclined to the horizontal, the lower end of the retort, i.e. the chamber, is horizontal. 5. The apparatus according to the ziastrz. 3, the characteristic terrain, ie the tiors are horizontal, and the grates and the lower edge of the retort, i.e. the chamber, lie in a plane inclined to the horizontal 6. The apparatus according to claim 4 characterized in that the oil tank is inclined in the opposite direction to that of the tracks which are best in the shape of a gear rack. S. E. Company. Deputy: L Myszczynski, patent attorney. To the patent description No. 320 7. Ark. i. 3 3 ó 4 & 1 r2 V:. "¦'¦'¦'¦ ': ¦ 6': '¦'¦¦¦: ¦-: ¦'. '¦'¦" ¦. 17 ° C ° C ° TT ° 36 ° s 1.t) described in Patent No. 3207. Sheet.

2. Print by L. Boguslawski, Warsaw. PL