PL2946B1

PL2946B1 - Method of producing hydrocyanic acid.

Info

Publication number: PL2946B1
Application number: PL2946A
Authority: PL
Filing date: 1924-02-07
Publication date: 1925-10-31

Description

Wiadomo, ze przez wysokie ogrzewanie gazów, otrzymywanych przy zweglaniu lub destylacji substancyj organicznych, zawie¬ rajacych azot, jak np, brahy, mozna wyra¬ biac kwas cyjanowodorowy.Stwierdzono, ze mozna znacznie powiek¬ szyc wydatek tego kwasu, otrzymywanego przez takie procesy, jezeli w czasie lub przed cyjanizujacem ogrzewaniem dodaje sie do gazów amonjak w jakiejkolwiek po¬ staci. Dodawanie amonjaku moze sie od- bywac np. tak, ze do materjalu wyjsciowe¬ go, zawierajacego azot, np. do brahy, do¬ daje sie amonjaku lub wody anionjakalnej, poczem amonjakalna brahe destyluje sie, albo tez amonjak dodaje sie do gazów de¬ stylacyjnych brahy, wreszcie mozna tez sto¬ sowac obydwa sposoby.Dodawany amon jak mozna tez uzyski¬ wac czesciowo lub calkowicie ze zwiazków wydzielajacych amonjak. Mozna np. po¬ stapic w ten sposób, ze do materjalu wyj¬ sciowego, zawierajacego azot i poddawane¬ go destylacji dodaje sie cyjanamidu wapnio¬ wego lub innych cial, dajacych amonjak, przyczem ciala te mozna dodawac w zwy¬ klej postaci albo zarobione woda lub jako roztwory wodne.Stwierdzono dalej, ze równoczesne wpro¬ wadzanie innych gazów lub par, np. azotu, powietrza, kwasu weglowego, pary wodnej, metanu i innych lub mieszanin tych gazówalbo par, nie przeszkadza procesowi cyja- nizowania, a nawet moze byc czasem ko¬ rzystne. Na podstawie tego spostrzezenia mozna tez przerabiac mieszaniny gazowe, zawierajace amon jak bez koniecznosci u- przedniego wydzielenia z nich amonjaku.Wynalazek daje te korzysc ze dodany amen jak zamienia sie czesciowo na cenny kwas cyjanowodorowy, podczas gdy amo- njak niezamieniony na ten kwas nierozlo- zeny uchodzi z przegrzewacza.Z korzyscia postepuje sie np. w ten spo¬ sób, ze, w mysl wynalazku, spezytkowuje sie amenjak, opuszczajacy ogrzewacz, do¬ prowadzajac go — ewentualnie z dodatko¬ wa iloscia amonjaku — do cyjanizowanych gazów lub ich materjalów wyjsciowych.Poniewaz gazy destylacyjne brahy i t. p. substancyj zawieraja juz z natury pewne ilosci amonjaku, a z drugiej strony takze gazy odlotowe znanego procesu cyjanizo- wania zawieraja równiez amonjak, wiec szczególnie uderzajace jest to, ze przez do¬ mieszke dodatkowego amonjaku osiaga sie wiekszy wydatek kwasu cyjanowodorowego. PLIt is known that by high heating of gases obtained by carbonization or distillation of nitrogen-containing organic substances, such as, for example, brah, hydrocyanic acid can be produced. It has been found that the expenditure of this acid obtained by such processes can be significantly increased, if ammonia, in any form, is added to the gases during or prior to the cyanizing heating. The addition of ammonia can take place, for example, in such a way that ammonia or anionic water is added to the starting material containing nitrogen, e.g. braha, and then the ammonium brahe is distilled, or ammonia is added to the de-gases. styling brahy, and finally both methods can be used. The added ammonium can also be obtained partially or completely from compounds that secrete ammonia. For example, calcium cyanamide or other ammonia-giving bodies are added to the nitrogen-containing starting material and to be distilled, and these bodies can either be mixed with glue or mixed water. or as aqueous solutions. It has further been found that the simultaneous introduction of other gases or vapors, such as nitrogen, air, carbonic acid, water vapor, methane and others, or mixtures of these gases or vapors, does not interfere with the cyanization process and may even be sometimes favorable. On the basis of this observation, it is also possible to process gas mixtures containing ammonium without the need to isolate the ammonium from them first. zeny escapes from the superheater. It is advantageous, for example, that, according to the invention, the amenoid that leaves the heater is utilized, leading it - possibly with additional ammonia - to the cyanized gases or their starting materials Since the distillation gases of brahy and the like already contain a certain amount of ammonia by nature, and on the other hand also the exhaust gases of the known cyanidation process also contain ammonia, so it is particularly striking that through the addition of ammonia, a higher output of hydrocyanic acid is achieved. . PL

Claims

Patent claims. 1. The method of producing hydrocyanic acid by heating gases obtained during carbonization of organic substances, characterized by the fact that these gases, for example those formed by carbonization of braha, are supplied before or during cyanization by heating ammonium. such as, possibly in such a way that ammonium such as this is already added to organic bodies which give off exhaust gases.

2. The method according to claim The method of claim 1, wherein the additional ammonia is obtained partly or wholly from compounds that bind the ammonia.

3. The method according to p. 1 and 2, the significant point that in addition to ammonia, other gases are fed in. possibly such that the gas mixtures containing the ammonia are processed.

4. The method according to p. 1-3, a significant method whereby ammonium as contained in the cyanized gases is fed to the cyanized gases or their starting products, possibly with an admixture of additional ammonium. Deutsche Gold- und Silber-Scheideanstalt vormals Roessler. Deputy: M. Kryzan, patent attorney. Printed by L. Boguslawski, Warsaw-PL