PL25564B1 - A method of separating valuable ingredients from tobacco ground. - Google Patents
A method of separating valuable ingredients from tobacco ground. Download PDFInfo
- Publication number
- PL25564B1 PL25564B1 PL25564A PL2556436A PL25564B1 PL 25564 B1 PL25564 B1 PL 25564B1 PL 25564 A PL25564 A PL 25564A PL 2556436 A PL2556436 A PL 2556436A PL 25564 B1 PL25564 B1 PL 25564B1
- Authority
- PL
- Poland
- Prior art keywords
- tobacco
- leaching
- ground
- tobacco ground
- amount
- Prior art date
Links
- 241000208125 Nicotiana Species 0.000 title claims description 13
- 235000002637 Nicotiana tabacum Nutrition 0.000 title claims description 13
- 238000000034 method Methods 0.000 title claims description 12
- 239000004615 ingredient Substances 0.000 title claims description 4
- LFQSCWFLJHTTHZ-UHFFFAOYSA-N Ethanol Chemical compound CCO LFQSCWFLJHTTHZ-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 claims description 8
- QAOWNCQODCNURD-UHFFFAOYSA-N Sulfuric acid Chemical compound OS(O)(=O)=O QAOWNCQODCNURD-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 claims description 8
- 235000005985 organic acids Nutrition 0.000 claims description 8
- 150000007524 organic acids Chemical class 0.000 claims description 7
- CSCPPACGZOOCGX-UHFFFAOYSA-N Acetone Chemical compound CC(C)=O CSCPPACGZOOCGX-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 claims description 6
- 239000002904 solvent Substances 0.000 claims description 6
- 238000002386 leaching Methods 0.000 claims description 5
- 239000011347 resin Substances 0.000 claims description 5
- 229920005989 resin Polymers 0.000 claims description 5
- XLYOFNOQVPJJNP-UHFFFAOYSA-N water Substances O XLYOFNOQVPJJNP-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 claims description 5
- SNICXCGAKADSCV-JTQLQIEISA-N (-)-Nicotine Chemical compound CN1CCC[C@H]1C1=CC=CN=C1 SNICXCGAKADSCV-JTQLQIEISA-N 0.000 claims description 4
- 229960002715 nicotine Drugs 0.000 claims description 4
- SNICXCGAKADSCV-UHFFFAOYSA-N nicotine Natural products CN1CCCC1C1=CC=CN=C1 SNICXCGAKADSCV-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 claims description 4
- ZLMJMSJWJFRBEC-UHFFFAOYSA-N Potassium Chemical compound [K] ZLMJMSJWJFRBEC-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 claims description 3
- 238000009835 boiling Methods 0.000 claims description 3
- VTYYLEPIZMXCLO-UHFFFAOYSA-L calcium carbonate Substances [Ca+2].[O-]C([O-])=O VTYYLEPIZMXCLO-UHFFFAOYSA-L 0.000 claims description 3
- CDBYLPFSWZWCQE-UHFFFAOYSA-L sodium carbonate Substances [Na+].[Na+].[O-]C([O-])=O CDBYLPFSWZWCQE-UHFFFAOYSA-L 0.000 claims description 3
- 239000000126 substance Substances 0.000 claims description 3
- 239000000463 material Substances 0.000 claims description 2
- 239000011591 potassium Substances 0.000 claims description 2
- 229910052700 potassium Inorganic materials 0.000 claims description 2
- UHOVQNZJYSORNB-UHFFFAOYSA-N Benzene Chemical compound C1=CC=CC=C1 UHOVQNZJYSORNB-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 claims 3
- DGAQECJNVWCQMB-PUAWFVPOSA-M Ilexoside XXIX Chemical compound C[C@@H]1CC[C@@]2(CC[C@@]3(C(=CC[C@H]4[C@]3(CC[C@@H]5[C@@]4(CC[C@@H](C5(C)C)OS(=O)(=O)[O-])C)C)[C@@H]2[C@]1(C)O)C)C(=O)O[C@H]6[C@@H]([C@H]([C@@H]([C@H](O6)CO)O)O)O.[Na+] DGAQECJNVWCQMB-PUAWFVPOSA-M 0.000 claims 1
- QAOWNCQODCNURD-UHFFFAOYSA-L Sulfate Chemical compound [O-]S([O-])(=O)=O QAOWNCQODCNURD-UHFFFAOYSA-L 0.000 claims 1
- 235000010216 calcium carbonate Nutrition 0.000 claims 1
- BRPQOXSCLDDYGP-UHFFFAOYSA-N calcium oxide Chemical compound [O-2].[Ca+2] BRPQOXSCLDDYGP-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 claims 1
- 239000000292 calcium oxide Substances 0.000 claims 1
- ODINCKMPIJJUCX-UHFFFAOYSA-N calcium oxide Inorganic materials [Ca]=O ODINCKMPIJJUCX-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 claims 1
- 235000012255 calcium oxide Nutrition 0.000 claims 1
- 229910052708 sodium Inorganic materials 0.000 claims 1
- 235000011182 sodium carbonates Nutrition 0.000 claims 1
- 229910021653 sulphate ion Inorganic materials 0.000 claims 1
- 239000003021 water soluble solvent Substances 0.000 claims 1
- 235000019441 ethanol Nutrition 0.000 description 7
- PMZURENOXWZQFD-UHFFFAOYSA-L Sodium Sulfate Chemical class [Na+].[Na+].[O-]S([O-])(=O)=O PMZURENOXWZQFD-UHFFFAOYSA-L 0.000 description 3
- 230000001476 alcoholic effect Effects 0.000 description 3
- 239000002253 acid Substances 0.000 description 2
- 239000000654 additive Substances 0.000 description 2
- 159000000001 potassium salts Chemical class 0.000 description 2
- 235000011151 potassium sulphates Nutrition 0.000 description 2
- 229910052938 sodium sulfate Inorganic materials 0.000 description 2
- 235000011152 sodium sulphate Nutrition 0.000 description 2
- OYPRJOBELJOOCE-UHFFFAOYSA-N Calcium Chemical compound [Ca] OYPRJOBELJOOCE-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 description 1
- BVKZGUZCCUSVTD-UHFFFAOYSA-L Carbonate Chemical compound [O-]C([O-])=O BVKZGUZCCUSVTD-UHFFFAOYSA-L 0.000 description 1
- 230000002378 acidificating effect Effects 0.000 description 1
- 150000007513 acids Chemical class 0.000 description 1
- 150000001298 alcohols Chemical class 0.000 description 1
- 229910052791 calcium Inorganic materials 0.000 description 1
- 239000011575 calcium Substances 0.000 description 1
- 229910000019 calcium carbonate Inorganic materials 0.000 description 1
- AXCZMVOFGPJBDE-UHFFFAOYSA-L calcium dihydroxide Chemical compound [OH-].[OH-].[Ca+2] AXCZMVOFGPJBDE-UHFFFAOYSA-L 0.000 description 1
- 239000000920 calcium hydroxide Substances 0.000 description 1
- 229910001861 calcium hydroxide Inorganic materials 0.000 description 1
- 235000011132 calcium sulphate Nutrition 0.000 description 1
- 238000012993 chemical processing Methods 0.000 description 1
- 238000002425 crystallisation Methods 0.000 description 1
- 230000008025 crystallization Effects 0.000 description 1
- 238000006073 displacement reaction Methods 0.000 description 1
- 238000004821 distillation Methods 0.000 description 1
- 239000000428 dust Substances 0.000 description 1
- 230000000694 effects Effects 0.000 description 1
- 150000002148 esters Chemical class 0.000 description 1
- 150000002170 ethers Chemical class 0.000 description 1
- 229930195733 hydrocarbon Natural products 0.000 description 1
- 150000002430 hydrocarbons Chemical class 0.000 description 1
- -1 organic acids salts Chemical class 0.000 description 1
- 229910052939 potassium sulfate Inorganic materials 0.000 description 1
- 239000001120 potassium sulphate Substances 0.000 description 1
- 239000000843 powder Substances 0.000 description 1
- 238000010298 pulverizing process Methods 0.000 description 1
- 150000003839 salts Chemical class 0.000 description 1
- 229910000029 sodium carbonate Inorganic materials 0.000 description 1
- 239000002699 waste material Substances 0.000 description 1
Description
Mial tytoniowy jest traktowany jako bezuzyteczny material odpadkowy, aczkol¬ wiek zawiera on pewne skladniki, jak ni¬ kotyne, zywice tytoniowa, kwasy organicz¬ ne i sole potasowe, przedstawiajace lacznie znaczna wartosc i stanowiace % — ^4 ma¬ sy mialu.Kazda z tych substancji z osobna nie posiada dostatecznej wartosci, azeby mo¬ gla usprawiedliwic chemiczna przeróbke mialu.Sposób wedlug niniejszego wynalazku umozliwia prawie calkowite wydobycie wszystkich wymienionych skladników, gwa¬ rantujace zyskownosc calego procesu.Okazalo sie mianowicie, ze przez kolej¬ ne traktowanie tytoniu rozpuszczalnikami odpowiednio dobranymi i stale przez desty- lacje odzyskiwanymi mozna wyciagnac z niego najpierw zywice wraz z glówna cze¬ scia nikotyny, która latwo jest oddzielic w znany sposób od zywicy, nastepnie kwasy organiczne, a wreszcite! sole potasowe w po¬ staci dostatecznie czystej, umozliwiajacej dalsze zuzytkowanie tych produktów.W tym celu nalezy stosowac sredniol lo¬ tne rozpuszczalniki, ewentualnie w obecno* sci dodatków zasadowych lub kwasnych w celu odpowiedniego regulowania odczynu srodowiska.Pierwsza operacje mozna wykonac przy pomocy weglowodorów, eterów, estrów i w ogóle substancji trudno rozpuszczalnych w wodzie i posiadajacych temperature wrze- *) Wlasciciel patentu oswiadczyl, ze wynalazca jest dr. inz. Walenty Dominik.nia, wynoszaca okolo 100-C, a w kazdym razie nie o wiele wyzsza. Mozna tez proces pierwszego wyrugowania przeprowadzic za pomoca alkoholi o niskim punkcie wrzenia, które, jak wiadomo, latwo mieszaja sie z woda. Jezeli mial tytoniowy ma odczyn kwasny, przechodzi do roztworu równiez niewielka1 czesc kwasów organicznych. Aby i tej straty uniknac, nalezy proces wylugo¬ wania przeprowadzic w obecnosci takich substancji dodatkowych, jak wodorotlenek lub weglan wapnia albo tez weglan sodu, które same sa nierozpuszczalne w1 alkoholu i daja z kwasami organicznymi tytoniu sole trudno rozpuszczalne w alkoholu.Po przeprowadzeniu tego procesu lugo- wania mozliwie do konca, t. j. doi calkowi- tegoi usuniecia zywic i nikotyny z mialu ty¬ toniowego', przeprowadza sie wedlug niniej¬ szego sposobu drugi proces lugowania, ma¬ jacy na celu wyciagniecie kwasów organicz¬ nych z materialu wylugowywanego. Proces ten przeprowadza sie za ppmoca alkoholu latwo lotnego (np. etylowego) albo aceto¬ nu w obecnosci kwasu siarkowego, którego sole z zasadami, zawartymi w popiele ty¬ toniowym, sa w tych rozpuszczalnikach, praktycznie biorac, nierozpuszczalne. W tych, warunkach powstaja nierozpuszczalne siarczany wapnia, potasu i sodu, a równo¬ czesnie uwalniaja sie kwasy organiczne, które przechodza do roztworu acetonowego wzglednie alkoholowego. Poniewaz sa to alkoholokwasy wiec nie ulegaja one latwo estryfikacji w roztworze alkoholowym, któ¬ ry zawsze zawiera nieco wody. Aby! zas je¬ szcze bardziej ich estryfikacje utrudnic, dodaje sie do alkoholu kwasu siarkowego w, stfWiie rozwodnionym, (np. 40%-owym). Ma to jeszcze i ten dobry skutek, ze i kwas siarkowy trudno reaguje w tych warunkach z alkoholem.Po wyciagnieciu z masy obrabianego mialu tytoniowego kwasów organicznych i odpedzeniu rozpuszczalnika mozna z masy tej jeszcze wymyc za pomoca goracej wo¬ dy siarczan potasu i sodu, który z roztwo¬ ru daje sie wydzielic przez krystalizacje na zimno. PLTobacco grit is considered a useless waste material, although it contains certain ingredients such as nicotine, tobacco gum, organic acids and potassium salts, which together represent a significant value and constitute% - 4 times the weight of the ground powder. These substances alone are not of sufficient value to justify the chemical processing of the dust. The method according to the present invention makes it possible to almost completely extract all of the above-mentioned components, guaranteeing the profitability of the entire process. It has turned out that by subsequent treatment of tobacco with solvents, If selected and continuously by distillation to be recovered, it is possible to extract from it first the resins together with the major part of the nicotine which can be easily separated from the resin in a known manner, then the organic acids and then the resins! Potassium salts in a sufficiently pure form to allow the further use of these products. For this purpose, use medium volatile solvents, possibly in the presence of alkaline or acid additives to adequately regulate the pH of the environment. The first operation can be carried out with hydrocarbons, ethers, esters and, in general, substances that are hardly soluble in water and have a boiling temperature *) The patent owner stated that the inventor is Dr. Eng. Walenty Dominik.nia, amounting to about 100-C, and in any case not much higher. The first displacement process can also be carried out with alcohols with a low boiling point, which are known to mix easily with water. If the tobacco is acidic, also a small proportion of the organic acids goes into the solution. In order to avoid this loss, the leaching process should be carried out in the presence of additives such as calcium hydroxide or carbonate or sodium carbonate, which are themselves insoluble in alcohol and give tobacco organic acids salts that are difficult to dissolve in alcohol. As far as possible, ie to completely remove the resins and nicotine from the tobacco pulverization, a second leaching process is carried out in accordance with the present method to extract organic acids from the leached material. This process is carried out with a ppm of readily volatile alcohol (eg ethyl alcohol) or acetone in the presence of sulfuric acid, the salts of which with bases contained in tobacco ash are practically insoluble in these solvents. Under these conditions, insoluble calcium, potassium and sodium sulfates are formed, and at the same time organic acids are released, which pass into an acetone or alcoholic solution. Since they are alcoholic acids, they are not easily esterified in an alcoholic solution which always contains some water. To! and even more difficult to esterify them, adding sulfuric acid to alcohol in a dilute state (eg 40% strength). It also has the good effect that sulfuric acid hardly reacts with alcohol under these conditions. After removing the organic acids from the mass of the processed tobacco grind and removing the solvent, it can be washed with hot water with potassium and sodium sulphate, which can be isolated from the solution by cold crystallization. PL
Claims (3)
Publications (1)
| Publication Number | Publication Date |
|---|---|
| PL25564B1 true PL25564B1 (en) | 1937-10-30 |
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