PL245400B1 - Flow air cleaner - Google Patents

Abstract

The subject of the invention is a flow air purifier. The invention is applicable to purifying urban air from organic and inorganic pollutants. It can be implemented as a stationary device or as a device mounted on vehicles, in both cases permanently or detachably, in particular on city or intercity transport vehicles. A flow-through air purifier with a housing (1) has an air duct (2) with a variable air flow direction placed in this housing (1) and a filtration system (3) for purifying gases and for capturing and preferably collecting solid particles and dust. The air duct (2) has at least one air inlet opening (4) with an outer cover (5) and a gate limiter (6) for the inlet stream and at least one air outlet opening (7) with an outer cover (5), while the filtration system ( 3) is equipped with a particulate filter (8) and a dust filter (9), at least one each, both types with high filtration efficiency, and behind them in the air duct (2) a photocatalytic filter (10) with a UV lamp (11) , as an anti-microbial gas purifier (12). In the air duct (2) there is a fan (13) and at least one chamber (14) in the air path. The particulate filter (8) is largely separated from the dust filter (9) because, being the waste chamber (14'), it is located in a blinded branch of the air duct (2), and the air duct (2) has at least one narrowing (15). located on the curve (16) of the air duct (2), the waste chamber (14') being located behind the constriction (15), on the opposite side of the inner arc (16') of the curve (16) of the air duct (2), and is separated from it by an openwork screen (17), preferably with adjustable clearance. Only at the end of the air duct (2), before the main outlet opening (7') of the air duct (2), is there a dust filter (9), of which the waste chamber (14') is used to collect solid particles in the form of granular particles. from PM10 to PM1. The invention also concerns a method of gas purification using an innovative flow air purifier and its use for gas purification.

Description

Description of the invention

TECHNICAL FIELD

The subject of the invention is a flow air purifier. The invention is applicable to purifying urban air from organic and inorganic pollutants. It can be implemented as a stationary device or as a device mounted on vehicles, in particular on city or intercity transport vehicles, i.e. on buses, trolleybuses, trams, but also on buses, trucks or trains, respectively. The invention also concerns a method of gas purification using an innovative flow air purifier and its use for gas purification.

STATE OF TECHNOLOGY

There is a known process of air purification from organic and inorganic pollutants using filters, including HEPA and/or ULPA filters. During filtration, the principle of sieving is used, analogous to the functionality of a sieve, physical absorption and adsorption, with the function of attachment, inertia and diffusion of filtered particles.

Photocatalysis is also used to disinfect the air, based on the fact that particles of air polluting compounds decompose into safe substances during the reaction in the presence of titanium dioxide (TiO2) under the action of ultraviolet light with a wavelength in the range of 200-400 nm. The bactericidal effect of ultraviolet lamps and light diodes is also known, the effect of which is enhanced in the presence of titanium dioxide.

To use the functions indicated above, air purification devices have been compiled, among others, and are presented below, with reference to the disclosed documentation containing their detailed design description.

A filter system for public transport is known from the Korean patent KR101944134B1, which describes a dust filter installed in motor vehicles, designed to separate particles based on the principle of filtered air flow.

The invention application US20200031204A1 discloses a road vehicle equipped with a device for purifying the surrounding air, with flirting elements intended to remove dust, hard particles and gases from the air, in particular that surrounding the vehicle, and it was mounted under the vehicle or in the structural frame. vehicle.

From the US invention application with procedure number US20190337360A1, for a similar design principle intended for a vehicle, it is possible to learn about a group of filters for collecting dust, particles and gases. The group of filters was mounted in a duct with a variable air flow direction, with the filters located across the entire width of the duct, and the entire air stream flowing through the duct successively penetrated each of the filters.

In the international application WO2019/110223A1, an air purifier was proposed, mounted in front of the radiator under the hood of the car, but it seems that in this case its functionality may be limited only to the vehicle's own needs.

The international application WO2019/110780A1 discloses an air filter mounted in a bumper, where the shape of the filter fills the internal space of the bumper.

In the international application WO2019/111072A1, a roof-mounted filter module for removing urban smog was proposed, with a flow-through air suction system forced by the air pressure associated with the movement of the vehicle at a specific speed.

Finally, international application number WO2020/147872A1 disclosed a stationary dust collector with replaceable cassettes.

The system for cleaning and regulating the air flow is known from the Polish patent number PL231710B1. It contains a body consisting of an external part mounted on appropriate insulation in the building wall and an internal part. The body is provided with an air inlet port with an outer cover, an air flow channel located in the inner body and an air outlet port with an adjustable inner cover. In the internal part of the body, on the air inlet side, a hydrophobic elastic membrane is mounted, stimulated to vibrate by a magnet with a coil attached to it. Behind the membrane, towards the outlet towards the inner part, a resistance-heated metal mesh with a very dense weave with a layer of silver nanoparticles is attached. Then, the first high-efficiency particulate filter and the first layer of the TiO2 photocatalytic filter are placed, behind which there is a fan, a UV lamp and the second layer of the TiO2 photocatalytic filter, behind which the first layer of activated carbon nonwoven monolith with silver nano-particles is placed. Behind this first monolith layer there is a negative ion generator chamber with the generator, and behind it there is a second monolith layer of activated carbon nonwoven fabric with silver nano-particles applied. Behind the second layer of the monolith, a second high-efficiency particulate filter is placed. A magnet with a coil, a resistance-heated mesh, a UV lamp, a fan and a negative ion generator are connected to the controller equipped with sound and light signals via a control and power supply line. Optionally, the system has HEPA and/or ULPA filters, as well as filter bed overflow and filtered air quality sensors. The solution may be a stationary, improved version of a room air conditioner, which not only allows you to filter particles from polluted air mechanically and thermally adapt this air to the comfort zone, but also the system allows you to neutralize microorganisms and break down particles, ionizing the flowing stream.

The PL207010B1 patent discloses a photocatalytic air purification device that can be conveniently mounted and moved for maintenance purposes. The photocatalytic purification device, according to this known solution, removes unpleasant odors, volatile organic compounds and bioaerosols from the air directed through a duct or fan convector. The fan convector, in turn, has a coil, a blower and two channels: an air supply and a return duct, respectively. The fan convector, in turn, contains at least one modular photocatalytic purification device located at the coil. The purification device includes a modular housing having a retractable positioning mechanism. A plurality of support structures are positioned within the modular housing, each having a catalytic layer applied thereon, and at least one ultraviolet lamp is positioned between the plurality of support structures. They may be coupled with a control unit that turns on the power supply to the ultraviolet lamp depending on the operating mode of the fan convector. The presented photocatalytic purification device is suitable for both industrial and residential applications and can be installed as a self-sufficient system or as an additional module in existing installations.

Unfortunately, the presented devices are not universal solutions with an extended operating mode, i.e. without the need to frequently unblock the filter beds, especially when highly polluted air is subject to filtration, including air from industrial processes or from environments highly exposed to smoke, including those with engine exhaust gases, unwanted particulate structures, from PM10 to PM1, through gaseous particles, to viruses, fungi, molds and bacteria.

DISCLOSURE OF THE INVENTION

The solution according to the invention eliminates these inconveniences, because thanks to a dedicated flow structure with a profiled air flow channel, it meets all these assumptions simultaneously. Thanks to this, a comprehensive purification effect is achieved in one device, from dust and toxic gases to microorganisms. Surprisingly, there is no need to dispose of used filters, and the device can effectively operate much longer between only rare technical breaks for the maintenance of mechanisms, preferably every one one, two, three, four years, preferably every five years, especially when used in an environment with moderate pollution.

The presented goal is also achieved by separating the filtration of mechanical particles from the filtration and neutralization of gases and/or microorganisms.

In detail, the solution consists in the following design of a device whose operation allows to achieve all the goals assumed for the task.

A flow-through air purifier with a housing has an air duct with variable air flow direction in the housing and a filtration system for purifying gases and for capturing and preferably collecting solid particles and dust. The air duct has at least one air inlet with an outer cover and a gate inlet flow limiter and at least one air outlet with an outer cover, while the filtration system is equipped with a particulate filter and a dust filter, at least one each, both types of high filtration efficiency, and behind them in the air duct a photocatalytic filter with a UV lamp, which cleans and decomposes organic and inorganic pollutants, e.g. oils, fats, car exhaust fumes, gaseous pollutants, and also acts as an anti-microbial gas purifier. The air duct contains a fan and at least one chamber along the air path. The solution is characterized by the fact that the particulate filter is significantly separated from the dust filter, because, as a waste chamber, it is located in a plugged branch of the air duct, and the air duct has at least one narrowing located on the curve of the air duct, with the waste chamber located behind the narrowing, on the opposite side of the internal arc of the air duct curvature, and is separated from it by an openwork screen, preferably with adjustable clearance. Only at the end of the air duct, before the main outlet of the air duct, there is a dust filter, of which the waste chamber is used to collect solid particles in the form of particles with a granularity from PM10 to PM1.

Preferably, the measure of the internal angle of the air duct curvature has a value greater than 90°.

Preferably, the measure of the angle of the external arc of curvature of the air duct has a value greater than 45°.

The fan is preferably placed between the dust filter and the gas purifier in the form of a photocatalytic filter with a UV lamp.

Preferably, the dust filter is located behind the last curve of the air duct. There are preferably more than one dust filters, and they are placed sequentially in relation to each other.

Preferably, the gate inlet air flow limiter is a shutter with an adjustable flow area of the inlet air flow.

Preferably, the flow air purifier is additionally equipped with a pollution sensor, preferably located at the outlet, preferably before the main outlet opening of the air duct.

Preferably, the openwork screen has openings and/or slots, with the holes having a circular, elliptical or rectangular shape, and the slots are elongated.

Preferably, the openwork cover is a tilting shutter, preferably directed towards the inside of the waste chamber.

The waste chamber is preferably located in front of the constriction, behind or next to the air duct.

The waste chamber is preferably divided into pockets, where each subsequent one in the sequence, through the air flow in the air duct, is used to separate particles of smaller granularity.

Preferably, the air duct has the shape of a circle, an ellipse or a rectangle in cross-section.

The flow-through air purifier is preferably equipped with sensors, an overflow sensor located in the waste chamber and/or in the dust filter and/or a filtered air quality sensor located in the inlet opening and/or in the main outlet opening.

Preferably, the gas purifier has a flat metal support and a catalyst applied to the support in the form of a titanium dioxide coating, preferably in the form of a crystalline structure of anatase, rutile or a combination thereof.

Preferably, the UV lamp propagates ultraviolet radiation with a wavelength ranging from 200 nm to 400 nm.

Preferably, the dust filter is a cleanable electrostatic filter.

Preferably, the outer cover is a mesh or grid.

Preferably, a compressed air tank is mounted in the housing, preferably constituting a pressure cavity, preferably located between the air duct and the housing, where the tank has an outlet to the air duct or has an outlet to the particulate filter and/or dust filter, the outlet of which is preferably a valve. steerable and/or steerable nozzle.

Preferably, the tank constituting the pressure cavity is located before the narrowing, preferably behind the wall of the air duct in its straight line.

Preferably, the air duct is led internally from the inlet opening to the main outlet opening, with a serpentine running line, longitudinally through its housing, preferably vertically, while the air duct in the housing is complemented by each waste chamber and possibly a tank.

Preferably, the waste chamber and/or dust filter has an outlet opening which is an auxiliary outlet, and the opening of the outlet opening is preferably triggered by a control system or by a filter bed overflow sensor and/or a filtered air quality sensor.

The waste chamber and/or tank are preferably mounted removably in the housing.

Preferably, the casing is equipped with photovoltaic panels, which are a source of power supply for its current receivers, preferably for the UV lamp, control system, fan, openwork diaphragm, valve, nozzle, and outlet holes.

Preferably, the casing is equipped with an autonomous battery power source, which is a source of power for its current receivers, preferably for the UV lamp, control system, fan, openwork diaphragm, valve, nozzle, and outlet holes.

The flow air purifier is preferably equipped with a GSM modem and/or a GPS receiver.

The flow-through air purifier preferably has at least one carbon dioxide absorber, preferably mounted in the air duct between the dust filter and the gas purifier.

The flow air purifier is preferably installed permanently, preferably stationary outdoors as an element of urban architecture.

The flow air purifier is preferably an element of vehicle equipment, preferably removably mounted outside the vehicle, preferably on the roof of the vehicle, more preferably located under the vehicle. A flow air purifier that is part of the vehicle's equipment may be built into another element of the vehicle, for example a bumper, placed under the hood of the vehicle, etc.

The flow air purifier preferably has the shape of a regular spatial shape, preferably a cuboid, with a length from the inlet to the outlet of not more than 5 m, a width of not more than 2.5 m and a height of not more than 0.25 m, preferably weighing not more than 10 kg. The invention also relates to a method for purifying gases from pollutants, including a step in which the polluted gas is passed through a flow-through air purifier according to the invention, the purified gas being preferably polluted air, preferably the air in large urban agglomerations.

The invention also relates to the use of a flow purifier according to the invention for purifying gases from pollutants, wherein the purified gas is preferably polluted air, preferably the air in large urban agglomerations.

The undoubted advantage of the presented technical solution is auto-separation, in the sense of using the centrifugal force for a stream of dirty air, where the flowing air stream spontaneously, in the bends of its course, releases contaminant particles one by one, from the largest to the smallest, because they are subject to the centrifugal force intensified by the reduced pressure. occurring as a result of the local acceleration of the air flow in the narrowing, where just behind the narrowing the particles will, as it were, deliver themselves to the waste chamber, which serves as a settling tank. Thanks to this, mechanical and pass-through filtration, taking into account the further flow of air, will only take place when the air is substantially depleted of particles, so the mechanical and photocatalytic UV filters will not be at risk of being clogged with particles. These filters will be able to function properly much longer, and their durability and functionality will increase. Additionally, this process will be supported by periodic cleaning with compressed air collected in the tank for the purpose of forced blowing of the air duct, which turns out to be sufficient for the presented structure to eliminate the need to replace the dust filter and the photocatalytic UV filter.

The advantage is the optional activation of the valve between the pressure cavity and the air duct with the possibility of simultaneously opening the outlet hole for a temporary excess of air, thanks to which possible contamination of the air duct and the dust filter and the waste chamber will occur without creating a dust hazard for the UV photocatalytic section.

The advantage is the possibility of blowing through using an external source without posing a threat to the photocatalytic section with UV, of course using the outlet holes.

The advantage is the two-fold possibility of restoring the full capacity of the system: first, when the waste chambers are mounted detachably for emptying and then there is no need for pressure cavities, and second, when the waste chambers are attached inseparably, but have at least one outlet per waste chamber, in order to in a dedicated place intended for this purpose, 'discharge' previously auto-separated solid particles.

The advantage is the multi-threaded possibility of using the device, through permanent installation, in particular outside and inside residential and production buildings, along communication roads, at bus stops, etc., as well as mobile use.

The advantage is the ability to direct the air stream vertically, alternating up and down, especially downwards, where in the case of such a solution, the force of gravity favors the entry of a large number of particles from the flowing polluted air into the waste chamber, extending the period between service activities.

The advantage is, for versions with long dimensions of the device, the possibility of multiplying the functional elements, including extending the air duct, and at the same time duplicating the principle of operation for the second narrowing and the second waste chamber in one housing.

The operation of the device is as follows. Air enters the device through an air inlet opening with an outer cover that blocks large objects from entering the device, e.g. pests, insects, leaves, birds, etc. An air outlet opening with its own second outer cover, at the main outlet, has the same purpose. air from the device. Behind the outer cover, there is a gate limiter for the inlet flow that regulates the amount of incoming air. It can be mentioned that the gate inlet flow limiter can completely block the air flow through the device during washing, precipitation, dust anomalies that may damage or block the device. The air flow is supported by a fan. Holes have been made on the wall of the air duct on the side affected by centrifugal forces, into which particles of dirt, especially large ones, such as sand, tire particles, soot, etc., enter. The use of an electrostatic dust filter is preferred because the air has undergone preliminary inertial purification, and the electrostatic filter does not require replacement and disposal of the filter element, which is a serious problem for other filters, e.g. HEPA. Further, behind the dust filter, in the air duct there is a UV light source illuminating the catalytic converter. The catalyst is preferably coated with TiO2. Under the influence of UV light, OH, O2 ^- , H2O2, ^1O2 , or O2 free radicals are produced on the surface of the TiO2-coated catalyst, mainly the hydroxyl radical. Radicals, especially hydroxyl radicals, have very strong oxidizing properties, thanks to which all kinds of organic pollutants are decomposed, e.g. oils, fats, exhaust gases, car exhaust fumes, gases with an undesirable odor (malodorous), as well as neutralizing microorganisms, fungi, bacteria, and viruses. Under the action of UV light, oxidation reactions take place on the catalyst, leading to the decomposition of harmful substances such as benzene, phenol, nitrogen oxides (NOx) and others, as well as the oxidation of carbon monoxide to carbon dioxide. Microorganisms are additionally killed by direct exposure to UV radiation, so they are disposed of in two stages. The end product of photocatalysis is the transformation of harmful compounds into neutral products such as water and carbon dioxide. Filtering of particles (from PM1 to PM10), as mentioned, is provided by the waste chamber. Its purpose is to block as many solid particles as possible, which over time, even though measured in months or even years, would settle on the photocatalyst panels, gradually making its operation more difficult. Only a photocatalytic filter is able to cleanse the atmosphere of unwanted air polluting particles, compounds found in exhaust gases, other gaseous pollutants as well as viruses, fungi, molds and bacteria. Therefore, the waste chamber and dust filter, combined with photocatalysis, comprehensively clean the air flowing through the device. The effectiveness and uniqueness of the flow air purifier according to the invention are due to the synergy of various technological solutions included in one device.

DESCRIPTION OF THE DRAWING FIGURES

The invention is presented in an embodiment in the drawing, in which Fig. 1 shows a single-stream device with a variable flow of purified air, located on the vehicle in the first embodiment, in a schematic-functional, cross-sectional side view, Fig. 2 shows a single-stream device with a variable flow purified air, permanently mounted as an element of landscape architecture, in the second embodiment, in a schematic-functional, cross-sectional top view, Fig. 3 shows a two-stream device with a variable flow of purified air, permanently mounted as an element of landscape architecture, in the third embodiment, in a schematic -functional, cross-sectional view from the top.

METHODS OF MAKING THE INVENTION

The following examples are provided solely for the purpose of illustrating the invention and explaining particular aspects thereof and are not intended to limit it and should not be construed as constituting the entire scope thereof as defined in the appended claims.

EXAMPLES

Example 1

The flow-through air purifier has a housing 1, an air channel 2 with variable air flow direction placed in this housing 1, and a filtration system 3 for purifying gases and for capturing and collecting solid particles and dust. The air duct 2 has at least one, in this version one, air inlet hole 4 with an outer cover 5 and a gate limiter 6 for the inlet stream and at least one, in this version one, air outlet hole 7 with an outer cover 5, while the system filtration 3 is equipped with a particulate filter 8 and a dust filter 9, at least one each, in this version one each, both types with high filtration efficiency, and behind them in the air duct 2 a photocatalytic filter 10 with a UV lamp 11, as a gas purifier 12, which decomposes organic and inorganic pollutants and has anti-microbial properties. In the air duct 2, there is a fan 13 along the air path, as well as at least one chamber 14, in this version one chamber. The particulate filter 8 is significantly separated from the dust filter 9 because, constituting the waste chamber 14', it is located in the plugged branch of the air duct 2, and the air duct 2 has at least one, in this version one, narrowing 15 located at the bend 16 of the channel. air 2, wherein the waste chamber 14' is located behind the narrowing 15, on the opposite side of the internal arc 16' of the curve 16 of the air duct 2, and is separated from it by an openwork screen 17 with adjustable clearance. Only at the end of the air duct 2, before the main outlet 7' of the air duct 2, is there a dust filter 9, of which the waste chamber 14' is used to collect solid particles in the form of particles with a granularity from PM10 to PM1.

The measure of the internal angle of the arc 16' of the curvature 16 of the air duct 2 has a value greater than 90°, this time 95°, and the measure of the external angle of the arc 16 of the curvature 16 of the air duct 2 has a value greater than 45°, this time 60°.

The fan 13 is placed between the dust filter 9 and the gas purifier 12 in the form of a photocatalytic filter 10 with a UV lamp 11. The dust filter 9 is located behind the last curve 16 of the air channel 2. There is one dust filter 6 in this version. The gate restrictor 6 of the inlet air stream is a shutter with an adjustable flow area of the inlet air stream. The openwork shutter 17 has slotted openwork and the slots are elongated. The openwork cover 17 is a tilting shutter directed towards the inside of the waste chamber 14'. The waste chamber 14' is located in front of the narrowing 15, both behind and next to the air duct 2. The waste chamber 14' is divided into pockets 18, where each subsequent one in the sequence, along the air path in the air duct 2, is used to separate particles of smaller and smaller granularity. The air duct 2 has the shape of an ellipse in cross-section. The flow air purifier in this version is equipped with sensors 19, an overflow sensor 19' located in the waste chamber 14' and in the dust filter 9 and a filtered air quality sensor 19' located in the inlet opening 4 and in the main outlet opening 7'. The gas purifier 12 has a flat metal support and a catalyst deposited on the support in the form of a titanium dioxide coating, preferably in a crystalline structure of a combination of anatase and rutile. The UV lamp 11 propagates ultraviolet radiation with a wavelength ranging from 200 nm to 400 nm, in this version approximately 300 nm. The dust filter 9 is a cleanable electrostatic filter. The outer cover 5 is a mesh. A compressed air tank 20 is mounted in the housing 1, constituting a pressure cavity 20', located between the air duct 2 and the housing 1, and the tank 20 has an outlet 21 into the air duct 2, of which the outlet 21 is a controllable valve 21' and at the same time a controllable nozzle 21". The tank 20 constituting the pressure cavity 20' is located before the narrowing 15, preferably behind the wall of the air duct 2 in its straight line. The air duct 2 is led internally from the inlet opening 4 to the main outlet opening 7', with a serpentine running line, longitudinally and vertically through its housing 1, while the air duct 2 in the housing 1 is complemented by each waste chamber 14' and the tank 20. The casing 1 is equipped with photovoltaic panels 22, which are the source of power for its current receivers, the UV lamp 11, the control system 23, the fan 13, the openwork diaphragm 17, the valve 21', and the nozzle 21". The casing 1 is equipped with an autonomous battery power source 24, which is also a source of power for its current receivers, the UV lamp 11, the control system 23, the fan 13, the openwork shutter 17, the valve 21', the nozzle 21. The flow air purifier is equipped with GSM modem 27 and GPS receiver 25. The flow air purifier has one carbon dioxide absorber 26, mounted in the air duct 2 between the dust filter 9 and the gas purifier 12. The flow air purifier is an element of the vehicle equipment, detachably mounted on the outside of the vehicle, this time on the roof vehicle. The flow air purifier has the shape of a regular spatial block, a cuboid, with a length from the inlet opening 4 to the outlet opening 7 of not more than 5 m, a width of not more than 2.5 m and a height of not more than 0.25 m and a weight of not more than 10kg.

Example 2

The flow air purifier was manufactured as in Example 1 with the following changes.

The measure of the internal angle 16' of the curve 16 of the air duct 2 is 150°, and the measure of the external angle 16' of the arc 16 of the air duct 2 is 75°. The waste chamber 14' is not divided into pockets 18. The air duct 2 has a circular cross-section. The catalyst 10 is in the form of a titanium dioxide coating in the anatase crystal structure. The UV lamp 11 propagates ultraviolet radiation with a wavelength of 200 nm. The outer casing 5 is a grid. The air duct 2 has a serpentine running line longitudinally and horizontally through its housing 1. The waste chamber 14' and the dust filter 9 have an outlet opening which is an auxiliary outlet opening 7", and the opening of the outlet opening is triggered by the control system 23, based on the signal from the overflow sensors 19' filter bed and filtered air quality sensors 19. The flow-through air purifier is permanently installed outdoors as an element of urban architecture.

Example 3

The flow air purifier was manufactured as in Example 1 with the following changes.

The air duct 2 has two air outlet openings 7 with an external cover 5, while the filtration system 3 is equipped with a particulate filter 8 and a dust filter 9, two pieces of each. The air duct 2 has two constrictions 15 located on the curve 16 of the air duct 2, arranged symmetrically on both sides of the housing 1, vis-à-vis, whereby the air duct 2 is thus divided into two air streams, and there is a reservoir between both constrictions 15 20. As mentioned, there are two waste chambers 14' located according to the same principle behind each narrowing 15, but this time the openwork shutter 17 has a constant clearance without adjustment.

The measure of the internal angle of the arc 16' of the curvature 16 of the air duct 2 has a value of 135°, and the measure of the external angle of the arc 16' of the curvature 16 of the air duct 2 has a value of 55°. There are two dust filters 9, and they are placed sequentially in relation to each other. The openwork shutter 17 has openwork holes, the holes of which are elliptical and rectangular in shape, and the openwork shutter 17 is not turned inside the waste chamber 14'. The waste chamber 14' is located in front of the narrowing 15, only behind, but not next to, the air duct 2. The waste chamber 14' is not divided into pockets 18. The air duct 2 has a rectangular cross-section. No 19” filtered air quality sensors. The catalyst 10 is in the form of a titanium dioxide coating in a rutile crystalline structure. The UV lamp 11 propagates ultraviolet radiation with a wavelength of 400 nm. The compressed air tank 20 is located between two air ducts 2, centrally in the housing 1, and the compressed air tank 20 has an outlet 21 to both particulate filters 8 and one dust filter 9, of which the outlet 21 is always a controllable valve 21 in this version. '. The air duct 2 is divided into two having a serpentine running line, longitudinally and horizontally by its housing 1. The tank 20 is detachably mounted in the housing 1. The flow-through air purifier is permanently installed, stationary in the open air as an element of urban architecture.

LIST OF MARKINGS:

casing air duct filtration system inlet opening external cover gate stop outlet opening 'main outlet opening particulate filter dust filter photocatalytic filter/catalyst UV lamp gas purifier fan chamber 'waste chamber narrowing, curvature 'internal arc of curvature' external arc of curvature openwork diaphragm pockets sensor ' overflow sensor ' filtered air quality sensor compressed air tank ' pressure cavity outlet ' controllable valve (outlet from)

21" steerable nozzle (outlet) photovoltaic panels control system power source GPS receiver carbon dioxide absorber GSM modem

Claims (31)

1. A flow-through air purifier with a housing has an air duct with variable air flow direction in the housing and a filtration system for purifying gases and for capturing and preferably collecting solid particles and dust, of which the air duct has at least one air inlet opening. with an outer cover and a gantry limiter for the inlet flow and at least one air outlet opening with an outer cover, while the filtration system is equipped with a particulate filter and a dust filter, at least one each, both types with high filtration efficiency, and behind them in the air duct a photocatalytic filter with a UV lamp, as a gas purifier, with a fan in the air duct along the air path, as well as at least one chamber, characterized in that the particulate filter (8) is significantly separated from the dust filter (9), because, constituting the waste chamber (14'), it is located in the plugged branch of the air duct (2), and the air duct (2) has at least one narrowing (15) located on the curve (16) of the air duct (2), and the chamber waste (14') is located behind the narrowing (15), on the opposite side of the internal arc (16') of the curvature (16) of the air duct (2), and is separated from it by an openwork diaphragm (17), preferably with adjustable clearance, and only at the end of the air duct (2), in front of the main outlet (7') of the air duct (2), there is a dust filter (9), of which the waste chamber (14') is used to collect solid particles in the form of particles with a grain size ranging from PM10 to PM1. 2. Flow air purifier according to claim. 1, characterized in that the measure of the internal angle of the arc (16') of the curvature (16) of the air duct (2) has a value greater than 90°. 3. Flow air purifier according to claim. 1-2, characterized in that the measure of the angle of the external arc (16) of the curvature (16) of the air duct (2) has a value greater than 45°. 4. Flow air purifier according to claim. 1-3, characterized in that the fan (13) is placed between the dust filter (9) and the gas purifier (12) in the form of a photocatalytic filter (10) with a UV lamp (11). 5. Flow air purifier according to claim. 1-4, characterized in that the dust filter (9) is located behind the last curve (16) of the air duct (2). 6. Flow air purifier according to claim. 1-5, characterized in that there is more than one dust filters (9), and they are placed sequentially relative to each other. 7. Flow air purifier according to claim. 1-6, characterized in that the dust filter (9) is a cleanable electrostatic filter. 8. Flow air purifier according to claim. 1-7, characterized in that the gate limiter (6) of the inlet flow is a shutter with an adjustable flow area of the inlet air stream. 9. Flow air purifier according to claim. 1-8, characterized in that the openwork screen (17) has openings and/or slots, of which the holes have a circular, elliptical or rectangular shape, and the slots are elongated. 10. Flow air purifier according to claim. 1-9, characterized in that the openwork screen (17) is a tilting shutter, preferably directed towards the inside of the waste chamber (14'). 11. Flow air purifier according to claim. 1-10, characterized in that the waste chamber (14') is located in front of the narrowing (15), behind or next to the air duct (2). 12. Flow air purifier according to claim. 1-11, characterized in that the waste chamber (14') is divided into pockets (18), where each subsequent pocket in the sequence, along the air path in the air duct (2), is used to separate smaller particles. granularity. 13. Flow air purifier according to claim. 1-12, characterized in that the air duct (2) in cross-section has the shape of a circle, an ellipse or a rectangle. 14. Flow air purifier according to claim. 1-13, characterized in that it is equipped with sensors (19), an overflow sensor (19') located in the waste chamber (14') and/or in the dust filter (9) and/or a quality sensor (19") of filtered air located in the inlet port (4) and/or in the main outlet port (7'). 15. Flow air purifier according to claim. 1-14, characterized in that the gas purifier (12) has a flat metal support and a catalyst (10) applied to the support in the form of a titanium dioxide coating, preferably in the crystal structure of anatase, rutile or a combination thereof. 16. Flow air purifier according to claim. 1-15, characterized in that the UV lamp (11) propagates ultraviolet radiation with a wavelength ranging from 200 nm to 400 nm. 17. Flow air purifier according to claim. 1-16, characterized in that the outer cover (5) is a mesh or grid. 18. Flow air purifier according to claim. 1-17, characterized in that a compressed air tank (20) is mounted in the housing (1), preferably constituting a pressure cavity (20'), preferably located between the air duct (2) and the housing (1), and the tank (20 ) has an outlet (21) to the air duct (2), or has an outlet (21) to the particulate filter (8) and/or dust filter (9), of which the outlet (21) is preferably a controllable valve (21') and /or steerable nozzle (21”). 19. Flow air purifier according to claim. 1-18, characterized in that the tank (20) constituting the pressure cavity (20') is located in front of the narrowing (15), preferably behind the wall of the air duct (2) in its straight line. 20. Flow air purifier according to claim. 1-19, characterized in that the air duct (2) is led internally from the inlet opening (4) to the outlet opening (7), and has a serpentine running line, longitudinally through its housing (1), preferably vertically, and complements the duct air (2) in the housing (1) there is each waste chamber (14') and possibly a tank (20). 21. Flow air purifier according to claim. 1-20, characterized in that the waste chamber (14') and/or dust filter (9) has an outlet opening which is an auxiliary outlet opening (7"), the opening of the outlet opening is preferably triggered by the control system (23) or by overflow sensor (19') of the filter bed and/or quality sensor (19") of filtered air. 22. Flow air purifier according to claim. 1-21, characterized in that the waste chamber (14') and/or the tank (20) are removably mounted in the housing (1). 23. Flow air purifier according to claim. 1-22, characterized in that the casing (1) is equipped with photovoltaic panels (22), which are a source of power supply for its current receivers, preferably for the UV lamp (11), control system (23), fan (13), openwork diaphragm (17), valve (21'), nozzle (21"), outlet holes (7). 24. Flow air purifier according to claim. 1-23, characterized in that the housing (1) is equipped with an autonomous battery power source (24), which is a source of current for its current receivers, preferably for the UV lamp (11), the control system (23), and the fan (13). , openwork diaphragm (17), valve (21'), nozzle (21), outlet holes (7"). 25. Flow air purifier according to claim. 1-24, characterized in that it is equipped with a GSM modem (27) and/or a GPS receiver (25). 26. Flow air purifier according to claim. 1-25, characterized in that it has at least one carbon dioxide absorber (26), preferably mounted in the air duct (2) between the dust filter (9) and the gas purifier (12). 27. Flow air purifier according to claim. 1-26, characterized in that it is installed inseparably, preferably stationary in the open air as an element of architecture, preferably urban architecture. 28. Flow air purifier according to claim. 1-27, characterized in that it is an element of vehicle equipment, preferably mounted removably on the outside of the vehicle, preferably mounted on the roof of the vehicle, more preferably under the vehicle. 29. Flow air purifier according to claim. 1-28, characterized in that it has the shape of a regular spatial block, preferably a cuboid, with a length from the entrance opening to the exit opening not more than 5 m, a width not more than 2.5 m and a height not more than 0.25 m and weighing no more than 10 kg. 30. A method of purifying gases from pollutants, comprising the step of passing the polluted gas through a flow-through air purifier as defined in claim. 1-29, where the gas to be purified is preferably polluted air, preferably air in urban agglomerations. 31. Use of a flow air purifier as defined in claim. 1-29 for purifying gases from pollutants, wherein the purified gas is preferably polluted air, preferably air in urban agglomerations.