PL234566B1 - Protective element with hidden image, a document protected and method for producing a protective element - Google Patents

Description

Description of the invention

Technical field

The present invention relates to a latent image security element, a security document comprising such a security element and a method for producing such a security element, the security element consisting of a background layer in the form of a sequence of first lines parallel to one another and an embossing structure with such parameters as different color effects of individual fragments of the image constituting the security element.

State of the art

In the field of value and / or security documents, especially bank notes, securities, it is known to provide one or more security elements of various types in order to protect these documents against forgery, copying or counterfeiting.

The security elements in the form of embossed optically variable structures give unique effects. A value and / or security document containing an optically embossed variable structure element is easy to recognize, both visually and tactile, but difficult to manufacture and fake.

Security elements with an angular effect are made by printing a line at a right angle to each other. The embossed lines forming the security pattern are perpendicular to the background of the substrate. The angular effect becomes visible because the paint applied to the substrate is of considerable thickness and the pattern is dark or light at the right angle.

One group of security elements comprises printed security elements applied by a printing technique containing a pattern of fine lines. Thin lines are used here with a line frequency per unit area that the observer looking at the value and / or security document does not first see individual lines, but a surface with a certain texture or a certain color. The brightness and / or intensity with which a color is seen depends, for example, on the number of lines per unit area.

Moreover, known security elements are formed of a plurality of embossed lines divided into partial areas in which the lines run horizontally or vertically to form a raster structure. These lines are directly adjacent to each other and are usually characterized by a profile with a triangular cross-section. In this case, depending on the viewing angle, either a security element of almost uniform color or only part of it is discernible. It is also possible to arrange the triangular-shaped convex lines in the security element in such a way that grooves result from joining the two lines. Each of the lines in the partial area is a convex line in terms of width and mutual spacing between the lines, made with dimensions such that the order of the lines in the partial area encodes the picture or pictures. The graphic element is printed on the substrate of the value and / or security document.

It is also known to design the raster profile in such a way that the color effect is achieved in such a way that when the observation axis is rotated by 180 °, the colors are mixed and the CMY (Cyan-Magenta-Yellow) colors of the print are visible as RGB (R - red (red), G - green and B - blue.

The technique of hiding the security element in a print on a document is a latent image technique in gravure printing. The background is embossed with or without ink according to the first line halftone and the given slope, and the hidden security element is placed to break the screen according to a different angle, for example perpendicular to the first slope, so that the latent image is difficult to view. detected when viewed in the normal viewing direction to the ground plane, but detectable when viewed obliquely.

There are also known from the prior art solutions of security elements with complex graphic design made by various printing techniques. These security elements are made of single-color or multi-colored parallel lines or a network of parallel lines that are differently oriented with respect to the convex lines. Moreover, depending on the viewing angle, some color effects occur due to the moiré phenomenon. This effect is a visual interference phenomenon resulting from the overlapping (crossing) of at least two regular raster grids with irregular lines.

The main disadvantage of this type of solutions currently operating on the market is that in order to create a multicolored hidden image, it is necessary to create rasters of different colors on the substrate.

And performing an appropriate embossing in the appropriate direction, or dividing the security element into multiple parts with different engraving profiles in order to obtain sufficient contrast between the areas and thus reveal the latent image. The implementation of such protection requires a lot of specialist knowledge, as well as machines, but it is also labor-consuming and expensive in technological implementation.

The essence of the invention

The object of the present invention is to overcome these disadvantages by proposing a security element comprising a background layer in the form of a sequence of first lines parallel to each other and an embossed structure of any shape creating a multi-colored latent image with a clear color division of the individual image fragments, a document containing such a security element and a method for its implementation, which is very simple and cheap to implement, and at the same time difficult to counterfeit and easy to verify.

The expression security and / or valuable document in accordance with the invention is understood to mean all documents, such as banknotes, personal documents, driving licenses, checks, securities, tickets, passports, as well as other valuable and secure documents and data carriers being a carrier of secure information storage. . The expressions secure document or value document are used interchangeably.

The substrate can be, for example, paper, paper-like and / or paper-like materials such as teslin, polymer, incl. polypropylene (PP) and / or polyamide (PA), as well as a hybrid background based on a combination of paper and polymer.

An illuminant is a radiation source with a power distribution defined in the wavelength range capable of producing light sensations 380 nm <λ <780 nm. There are different sources of light - illuminants. They include, among others different shades of daylight, different colors of artificial light sources, colors of spectral lines and colors of phosphors. There are also secondary light sources that shine with reflected or transmitted light, such as stained glass, the color of which depends on the primary source they are illuminated with. Thus, when finding that a security element has a specific color, it should be indicated with which lighting it occurs.

Objects are viewed in the light passing through them (such as liquids, stained glass) or reflected from their surface (walls, paintings). The eye receives a stream from the illuminant passed through the viewed object or reflected from the viewed object. The color of an object that reflects or transmits light depends on the light in which it was observed. A colored object seen in the light of fluorescent lamps has a different color, different in daylight, and still different when it is illuminated by a light bulb. The illuminant with the trichromatic coordinates x = 0.31006, y = 0.31616 corresponds approximately to the color of the scattered daylight of the northern hemisphere. This illuminant has a color temperature of 6774 K and gives the impression of cold light of the CW (Cool White) type. At the same time, there are other illuminants corresponding to light scattered in different geographic conditions. For the purposes of the present invention, it is assumed that a security and / or value document is observed in scattered light.

The security and / or value document includes a latent image security element. According to the invention, the image can have any complex shape and be solid or multi-colored. The security element consists of a sequence of parallel first lines superimposed on the substrate and consisting of at least two parallel colored lines of equal width. One of these lines in the sequence may have a ground color with the same line width. According to the invention, the background layer consists of a sequence of parallel first lines with the number of different colors L, repeated any number of times. One sequence of first lines may consist of two, three or four lines of different colors, as well as, for example, 16 colors, and then the color the ground can be an additional line color in the sequence of the first lines. This solution is not limited to a specific number of colors in one sequence of first lines. According to the invention, the sequence of the first lines is formed individually or jointly by the colors most preferably from the CMY range: C - Cyan, M - Magenta, Y - Yellow, but PANTONE colors are also used. The term Cyan indicates a shade of blue, but a little paler and more faded, it can be described as bluish gray or bluish blue. The most similar colors are blue, sapphire and turquoise. The color Magenta in additive synthesis is the color obtained by combining red and blue. The most similar colors are fuchsia, magenta and amaranth, while the color Yellow is a color similar to yellow, but slightly paler than the typical saturated yellow. It is a color that is obtained in additive synthesis by combining red and green. According to the invention the sequence of first lines

They can also form individually or jointly colors from the RGB range: R - Red (red), G - Green (green) and B - Blue (blue). It is a model resulting from the receiving properties of the human eye, in which the sensation of seeing any color can be created by mixing three light beams of red, green and blue in fixed proportions. Additive synthesis applies to the RGB space, in which the lowest values mean black, and the highest - white.

During the reproduction of colors, the process of mixing the selected primary colors does not always take place. More often, colors are created by illuminating colored objects with white light. An example is placing a color filter (stained glass) or multiple filters in a cascade in the path of light to the eye. Filters absorb a certain color (a certain part of the spectrum), and the observer receives light having a complementary color to the absorbed one. When the filter absorbs red, the observer comes Cyan (C), while green, the observer sees Magenta (M), when it absorbs blue, the observer sees yellow (Y). In complex cases, the observer sees the effect of mixing C, M, Y colors. Primary colors of the CMY system are complementary to RGB.

The subject of the invention is a security element in the form of a hidden image, consisting of:

- a background layer applied to the substrate of a security and / or value document, the background layer being a multiple of a sequence of first lines parallel to each other, and one sequence of first lines parallel to each other includes at least three lines of different color which are repeated in the same order , the ground color may be one of the colors of the first line sequence, and the lines in the first line sequence are of the same width and with:

- at least one embossed structure on the background layer, the embossing structure being first geometric figures equidistant from each other, and the latent image being obtained by embossing the first geometric figures of the embossing structure with an offset relative to the sequence of the first lines of the background layer.

Additionally, the security element may have at least one dyed embossing structure consisting of second geometric figures equidistant from one another embossed and covered with ink on the background layer.

The geometrical figures according to the invention are equidistant when the lines passing through the centers of the geometrical figures, drawn perpendicular to the displacement direction, are equidistant within one part of the hidden or visible image.

The security device may comprise a latent image and a visible image obtained by embossing the second geometric figures of the in-colored embossing structure with an offset from the sequence of the first lines of the background layer. Preferably, the displacement of the first geometrical figures of the embossing structure and / or the second geometrical figures of the embossed structure with respect to the sequence of the first lines of the background layer is parallel.

The shift value p is calculated from the formula p = Ln, where L is the number of different colors in the sequence of first lines, and n is the width of one line in the sequence of first lines, or alternatively from the formula p = Ln + w or p = Ln - w, where w is calculated from the following formula:

w - Ln / i _s where:

L is the number of different colors in the sequence of first lines, n is the width of a single line in the sequence of first lines, and s is the number of sequences of first lines in the area of the embossing structure.

The w factor is responsible for one color transition. To get from color transitions, the coefficient w is multiplied by the value z-1.

Alternatively, the first geometrical figures of the embossment structure and / or the second geometrical figures of the embossed structure described above may be tilted from the sequence of the first lines by a predetermined angle clockwise or counter-clockwise. The predetermined angle is from 1 ° to 12 °, preferably it is 6 °.

The security element according to the invention has an embossing structure, which are first geometric figures equidistant from each other, and the embossed embossed structure consists of second geometric figures equidistant from each other, which are in the form of a grid of various elements, the shape of which depends on the designed latent image and / or the visible image. security element.

PL 234 566 B1

By the embossing of the first geometric figures of the embossing structure with an offset relative to the sequence of the first lines of the background layer, a first element and / or an image fragment hidden in at least one color of the background layer is obtained. On the other hand, by forcing the first geometric figures of the embossed structure with an offset relative to the sequence of the first lines of the background layer by an integer multiple of the line width, the first element and / or a fragment of the image hidden in one color of the background layer are obtained, the width of a single first geometric figure cannot be greater than n, and the single first figure of the embossing structure is positioned within a single line of the background layer. The second element and / or the hidden image fragment in at least one other color of the background layer is obtained by the embossing of the first geometrical figures of the embossed structure of the second element and / or the fragment offset by an additional distance from the first geometrical figures of the embossed structure of the first element and / or the hidden image fragment. Preferably, by forcing the first geometric figures of the embossed structure of the second element and / or the hidden image fragment with an offset by an additional distance equal to a total multiple of the width of the first lines of the background layer relative to the first geometric figures of the embossed structure of the first element and / or the hidden image fragment, the second element and / or a fragment of an image hidden in one other color of the background layer, where the width of a single first geometric figure cannot be greater than n.

Preferably the dyed embossing structure is dyed with at least one steel engraving ink.

A single geometric figure of the first geometric shapes of the embossment has a width ranging from n-50% n to n + 50% n, and the single geometric figure of the second geometric figures of the embossed structure has a width in the range n to Ln - 1, where:

L is the number of different colors in the sequence of first lines, n is the width of a single line in the sequence of first lines.

According to the invention, the angle at the base of the profile to obtain a single geometric figure from the first geometrical figures of the embossed structure and / or the angle at the base of the profile to obtain a single geometrical figure from the second geometrical figures of the embossed structure is between 75 [deg.] And 90 [deg.].

The invention also relates to a method for making a security element in the form of a latent image on a security and / or value document, comprising the following steps:

a) applying a background layer to the substrate, wherein the background layer is a multiple of the sequence of parallel first lines, and one sequence of parallel first lines comprises at least three lines of different colors repeated in the same order, the color of the substrate may be one of the colors of the sequence of the first lines of the background layer, and the lines in the sequence of the first lines are of the same width,

b) an embossing on the background layer of at least one embossed structure, the embossing structure being first geometric figures equidistant from each other, shifted from the sequence of first lines, the hidden image being obtained by embossing the first geometric figures of the embossing structure with an offset relative to the sequence of first lines.

Alternatively, the method includes the following step:

c) an embossing on the background layer of at least one dyed embossing structure, the embossed embossed structure being equidistant second geometric figures covered with paint shifted in relation to the sequence of first lines, the visible image being obtained by wet embossing the second geometric figures of the embossing structure with an offset relative to the sequence of the first lines of the background layer.

Preferably, the first geometrical figures of the embossment structure and / or the second geometrical figures of the embossed structure are moved parallel to the sequence of the first lines of the background layer.

The p shift value is calculated from the formula p = Ln, where L is the number of different colors in the sequence of the first lines, and n is the width of one line in the sequence of the first lines of the background layer (108) or from the formula p = Ln + w or p = Ln - w, where the coefficient w is calculated from the following formula:

w - Ln / i _s

PL 234 566 B1 where:

L is the number of different colors in the sequence of first lines, n is the width of a single line in the sequence of first lines, and s is the number of sequences of first lines in the area of the embossing structure.

According to the invention, the first geometrical figures of the embossed structure and / or the second geometrical figures of the dyed embossing can be tilted with respect to the sequence of first lines by a predetermined angle, either clockwise or counter-clockwise. The predetermined angle is from 1 ° to 12 °, preferably it is 6 °.

The embossed structure is the first geometric figures equidistant from each other, and the embossed embossed structure is the equidistant second geometric figures which are in the form of a grid of various elements, the shape of which depends on the designed latent image and / or the visible image of the security element.

The first geometric figures of the embossing structure according to the invention are shifted with respect to the sequence of the first lines of the background layer by the shift value p, and by this shift a first element and / or a fragment of an image hidden in at least one color is obtained. If the first geometric figures of the embossed structure are shifted in relation to the sequence of the first lines of the embossed structure by an integer multiple of the line width, the result is the first element and / or a fragment of the image hidden in one color of the background layer, and the width of a single first geometric figure of the embossed structure cannot be greater than n, and the single first figure of the embossing structure is positioned within a single line of the background layer. In turn, the second element and / or the hidden image fragment in at least one other color of the background layer is obtained by shifting the first geometric figures of the embossed structure of the second element and / or the fragment by an additional distance from the first geometric figures of the embossed structure of the first element and / or the hidden image fragment. Preferably, in order to obtain the second element and / or a fragment of the image hidden in one different color of the background layer, the first geometric figures of the embossed structure of the second element and / or the fragment are shifted by an additional distance equal to a total multiple of the width of the first lines of the background layer relative to the first geometric figures of the embossed structure of the first element and / or a portion of a latent image, where a single first geometric figure width is not greater than n.

According to the invention, the sequences of the parallel first lines of the background layer are made in offset, letterpress or flexographic printing. The embossing of the embossed structure is performed by dry embossing, and the embossing of the dyed embossing is performed by wet embossing using at least one steel engraving paint.

Preferably the dyed embossing structure is embossed in the same course as the first geometrical figures of the dry embossed structure.

According to the invention, a single figure from the first geometric figures of a dry-stamped structure is made with a width ranging from n-50% n to n + 50% n, and a single figure from the second geometric figures of the dyed embossing structure is made with a width in the range n to Ln - 1, where:

L is the number of different colors in the sequence of first lines, n is the width of a single line in the sequence of first lines.

The invention also relates to a security and / or value document comprising a security element according to the features described above.

A security and / or value document is made of one: paper, polymer, a combination of materials and / or glued materials of paper, paper-like and / or polymeric materials.

The present invention will be understood and appreciated more fully from the following detailed description taken in conjunction with the drawing, in which:

Fig. 1 shows a simplified plan view of a security and / or value document containing the security element;

Fig. 2 shows the background layer of the security device consisting of a sequence of first lines of the background layer;

Fig. 3 shows an offset of the first geometrical figures of the embossing structure according to the invention;

Fig. 4 shows a cross-section of a fragment of a steel engraving mold with different angles of inclination of the sides of the forcing elements;

PL 234 566 B1

Fig. 5 is a schematic diagram of a hidden security device image according to the invention - first embodiment of the invention;

Fig. 6 shows a diagram of the security element according to a second embodiment of the invention;

Fig. 7 shows a cross-section of the security element and the background layer according to a second embodiment of the invention;

Fig. 8shows a cross section of the security element and its observation points according to a second embodiment of the invention;

Fig. 9 shows a diagram of a security element according to a second embodiment of the invention in a further variant;

Fig. 10shows a cross section of a security element and its observation points according to a second embodiment of the invention in a further variant;

Fig. 11shows a cross section of the security element and background layer according to a third embodiment of the invention;

Fig. 12 shows a diagram of the security element according to a third embodiment of the invention;

Fig. 13 shows a diagram of a security element according to a fourth embodiment of the invention;

Fig. 14 shows a partially sectioned perspective view of a security element according to a fourth embodiment of the invention;

Fig. 15 shows a diagram of a security element according to a fifth embodiment of the invention.

Below, in the present description, there are presented embodiments of a security element, a security document and a method of making a security element consisting of a background layer in the form of a sequence of first lines parallel to each other and an embossing structure with such parameters, thanks to which different color effects of the individual image fragments constituting the security element are obtained. . It should be emphasized, however, that the examples described below are not intended to limit the scope of protection, but merely to illustrate one of the many possible applications of the present invention. The present invention is applicable wherever it is required to create a multi-color latent image with a clear color division of individual image fragments, as well as to produce a multi-colored latent image visually linked to the visible image.

Detailed description

In the present invention, the security and / or value document 100 is in the form and format of a banknote, check, ticket or other value document.

The security and / or value document 100 shown in Fig. 1 comprises a substrate 107, made of, for example, paper, polymer, incl. polypropylene (PP) and / or polyamide (PA), a combination of paper materials and polymers and / or glued paper materials, paper-like and / or paper-like materials such as teslin, or hybrids based on a combination of paper and polymer. The invention is not limited to a particular material. The base material 107 can also have a multi-layer structure having several layers bonded together.

The security element 106 in the form of a latent image on a security and / or value document 100 consists of a background layer 108, as shown in Fig. 2, applied to the substrate 107, and a second intaglio layer ( dry gravure printing) shown in Fig. 3. By application to the substrate 107 is meant offset printing, typo-offset printing, and by dry structure is meant embossing without ink on the substrate 107.

The background or background layer 108 according to the invention is a subprint made of a sequence of parallel first lines with a constant width n and any number of colors L. The sequence of the first lines follows from the pattern Ln. Depending on what color angular effect is to be achieved, the background layer 108 may consist of a sequence of first lines containing one colored line of width n, and may also be made of a sequence of first lines consisting of two, three or any number of mutually to each other parallel lines of different colors L of the same width n. If one horizontal line is applied to the ground, 107, the ground color, 107 becomes the second color of the sequence of first lines with a width n, i.e. the width of the first line imposed

To substrate 107. Also in other cases, i.e. with many different L colors in the sequence of first lines, the color of the substrate, 107, may be used as the next color in the sequence of first lines. If the sequence of first lines consists of first, 101, second, 102, and third colors, 103, then such sequence of first lines is indicated by 3n. When the sequence of the first lines consists of two colors then it will be marked as 2n. This notation applies accordingly to any number of colors constituting one sequence of the first lines. In accordance with the present invention, the background layer 108 may be at least one sequence of first lines as well as any number thereof, preferably with the sequence of the colors in each sequence of first lines. This means that if the sequence of first lines is the first, 101, second, 102, and the third color, 103, then each successive sequence of first lines is made of the same colors following each other in the same order, i.e. again first, 101, second, 102 , third color, 103. Thus, the parallel line of the third color, 103, of the preceding sequence of first lines, is edge-to-edge with the parallel line of the first color, 101, of the following sequence of first lines. Preferably, according to the invention, the first color, 101, is Cyan, the second color, 102, is Yellow, and the third color, 103, is Magenta. The terms line, first line, line in the sequence of the first lines of the background layer, and the line of the background layer are used interchangeably.

According to the invention, the width of the n lines in the sequence of first lines may be different, which affects the readability of the hidden image. The width n is in the range 100 to 400 µm, preferably 120 to 250 µm and most preferably 150-200 µm. The legibility of the hidden image is more influenced by the number of L colors used in the sequence of first lines than the width of n of these lines. The background layer 108 is composed of more sequences of first lines per unit area of the background 108, and therefore more parallel lines of the same color, the more individual first line sequences become narrower and parallel lines on the same color in adjacent sequences of the first lines are getting closer to each other.

The first line sequence can be overprinted with a colored ink such as, for example, offset, letterpress or flexographic ink.

According to the invention, an embossing structure is then carried out over the solid, striped background layer 108 described above. The embossing structure constitutes a second layer of the security element 106 containing the designed latent image. This layer is pressed with a steel engraving machine and is convex. It can reflect any complex image of a plant, animal or any other object, or abstract graphics. The embossed structure may be a grid of first geometric figures equidistant from each other. The first geometrical figures within one hidden picture fragment are equidistant when the lines passing through the centers of these geometric figures, drawn perpendicular to the displacement direction, are equidistant within one hidden picture fragment. In some embodiments, the extreme geometric figures of a hidden image are less wide than the rest of the geometric figures of the hidden image, and for such extreme geometric figures the distance from the line passing through the center of the geometric figure to the line passing through the center of the adjacent geometric figure will be smaller than for the non-extreme geometric figures. within one fragment of the hidden image. The first geometric figure is understood to mean, for example, a rectangle, square, triangle, trapezoid, circle, ellipse, rhombus, as well as other figures with complex structures (fractal structures) or lines. A special example of equality is parallelism.

In the case when the mesh of the embossed structure consists of first geometric figures equidistant from each other, then it is advantageous if they are obtained using a semicircular rite profile. Moreover, the rite profile is symmetrical. The solution is not limited to this profile and is also applicable to V-shaped or W-shaped profiles. According to the invention, the first geometrical figures of the embossed structure are not directly adjacent to each other because they are spaced apart by the displacement p (Fig. 3). ), which, depending on the embossed image and the effect to be achieved, ranges from 50 to 400 mic.

According to the invention, in the case of an embossing structure obtained by a dry embossing, only the color that is on the sides and edges of the embossing is visible. So if the combination of two colors 101 and 102 falls on the side or close to the edge, then the mixed color will reach our eyes. By using the semi-circular profile, a gentle blending of colors is achieved. The edges of the embossment are understood as the fragment from the half of the side of the embossed element to the half of the crest tip.

PL 234 566 B1

The security element 106 in the form of a multi-colored latent image is obtained by embossing the first geometrical figures of the embossed structure of the various elements and / or fragments constituting the latent image with an offset by the appropriate value of the shift p with respect to the sequence of the first lines of the background layer 108. The value of the shift p may thus be the total or incomplete width of the first lines or a multiple thereof, generally the width of a single first geometric figure should be in the range 50% n to 150% n, where n is the width of a single line in the sequence of first lines. Whenever in the present description it is mentioned to obtain a hidden image by shifting the first geometrical figures of an embossed structure with respect to the sequence of first lines, it is about embossing the first geometrical figures of an embossing structure with an offset relative to the sequence of the first lines of the background layer. These terms are used interchangeably. Similarly, the designation geometric figure and figure are used interchangeably to denote a single first geometric figure of an embossed structure.

Other colors of individual, other elements and / or fragments of the hidden image are obtained by shifting the first geometric figures of the embossed structure of these other elements and / or fragments by an additional distance upwards or downwards in relation to the first geometric figures of the embossed structure of the previous element and / or fragment a latent image, 105. This additional distance is the width or a multiple of the width of a single first line in the sequence of the background layer 108. Preferably, the first geometrical figures of the embossing structure are shifted parallel to the sequence of the first lines, however, rotation by a given angle is also possible.

According to the invention, shifting the embossed structure by the value p of the embossed structure relative to the sequence of first lines by a distance measured even in hundredths of a millimeter causes a change in the shade of the subsequent image effect of the hidden security element, 106. Moreover, depending on the preparation of the steel engraving die, different color effects may be obtained for individual fragments a latent image serving as a security feature, 106.

The depth of the engraving for the embossing of the first geometric figures is 30 to 80 µm, preferably 40 to 60 µm.

The width of the first geometric figures of the embossed structure can be any wider n + 50% n or narrower n-50% n. The width of a single figure from the first geometric figures of the embossed structure depends on the number of colors L in the sequence of first lines and the width of n these lines and the color effect that is planned to be achieved for the image of the hidden security element, 106. The more different colors there are in the sequence of the first lines, the greater the width of a single geometric figure from the first geometric figures of the embossing structure. And conversely. The fewer different colors there are in the sequence of first lines, the smaller the width of a single geometric figure from the first geometric figures of the embossing structure. The width of a single geometric figure of the first geometric figures of the embossment structure is from 50 to 600 microns, preferably from 150 to 250 microns.

It turned out that in order to obtain a multicolored hidden image with a clear color division of individual parts of the hidden image, the angle α, of the inclination of the sides of the embossing (printing) elements at the base of the engraving shown in Fig. 4, is important. Preferably, this angle is from 75 ° to 90 °. The first geometrical figures of the embossing structure have the same angle.

Thus, when looking at the security element 106 from above in scattered light or parallel to the sequence of first lines, the observer sees only a uniformly striped background, 108. The image hidden in the security element 106 is not visible. In turn, when the observer looks almost perpendicular to the direction of the printed lines and the security and / or value document 100 is tilted more and more parallel to the line of sight, then the image becomes visible. The image is visible under almost all lighting conditions, however it is preferred that when viewing the security element 106, the light shines on the security and / or value document 100 on the back of the observer. Then the light perfectly illuminates the front surfaces of the embossed security element, making the colors more visible.

According to the invention, if the background layer 108 is illuminated with side light, the hidden image will be visible even when viewed perpendicularly, obliquely, or otherwise.

According to the first embodiment shown in Fig. 5, the security element 106, in the form of a latent image, consists of a background layer 108 applied to a substrate 107 of a security and / or value document 100. The background layer 108 is at least one sequence of first lines parallel to each other containing at least two lines of different color, wherein

The ground color 107 may be one of the colors of the first line sequence, and the lines in the first line sequence are of the same width. The security element also consists of at least one embossing structure 104 on the background layer 108, the embossing structure 104 being equidistant first geometric figures and the latent image 105 is obtained by embossing the first geometric figures of the embossing structure , 104, offset from the sequence of the first background layer lines, 108.

According to a second embodiment of the present invention, the security element 106, in the form of a latent image, 105 is divided into a plurality of color distinct and thereby distinct portions 105a, 105b. For this purpose, a background layer 108 of the security element 106 is printed on the substrate 107, consisting of a plurality of sequences of first lines parallel to each other including at least two lines of different color, the background layer 108 consisting of any first line sequence multiples. The lines in the sequence have the same width n.

The background layer 108 shown in Fig. 6 consists of a sequence of first lines Ln = 3n, i.e. a sequence of first lines with three colors: first, 101, second, 102 and third, 103. On the background layer 108, then embossed is a dry embossed structure 104, consisting of convex equidistant first geometric figures which result from permanent deformation of the substrate 107, thereby emphasizing portions of the sequence of first lines. The length of the first geometrical figures of the embossing structure 104 depends on the effect to be obtained. An image 105, consisting for example of a first element, 105b, in a single color is obtained by embossing the first geometrical figures of the embossing structure, 104b, shifted by an offset value p = Ln, i.e. here p = 3n, with respect to the sequence of the first lines of the background layer. 108. If a single image element 105b is to be visible in the second color 102, then the first geometric shapes of the embossment structure 104b are embossed with an offset value p = 3n from the sequence of first lines counting from the second color line 102 which causes the embossing structure 104b to occur only on the first lines of the second color 102. This is shown in Fig. 7, which is a cross-section of the image element, 105b, and the background layer 108 along the β-β axis. According to the invention, it is also possible that all image elements in one color and / or with the same shape are obtained by embossing the first geometrical figures of the embossing structure, 104b, shifted by the offset value p = Ln, i.e. p = 3n.

In turn, a different color of the portion in the latent image 105 is obtained by an embossing offset by an additional distance of the first geometrical figures of the embossing structure 104a of the second element 105a with respect to the first geometrical figures of the embossing structure 104b of the first element 105b. According to this example, a different color is obtained when the width of the first geometrical figures of the embossing structure is not greater than n by shifting the first geometrical figures of the embossing structure 104a, of the second element 105a by an offset value p = n with respect to the first geometrical figures of the embossing structure 104b first element, 105b. The first geometrical figures of the embossing structure 104a, 104b in accordance with the present embodiment are preferably within a single line of the background layer 108.

If the image 105 consists, for example, of two separate elements, as is also shown in Fig. 6, then the first geometrical figures of the embossing structure of both elements, 105a, 105b, are embossed with an offset of 3n from the sequence of the first lines, 108, but additionally, the second graphic item 105a is shifted relative to the first graphic item 105b by an additional line width n such that the two graphic items acquire a different color. Depending on the color effect to be achieved, the shift by line width n takes place upwards and / or downwards of the first workpiece, 105b. In the embodiment shown, consisting of two graphic elements 105a, 105b, embossed on the background layer 108, consisting of a plurality of sequences of three parallel lines 3n, an image 105 is obtained which, under sharp viewing angles in diffused light, shows the embossed elements in color a first, 101, for the second workpiece, 105a, and a second color, 102, for the first workpiece, 105b.

Thus, when looking at the security device 106 as a latent image 105 from above in diffuse light (C direction) or parallel to the sequence of first lines as shown in Fig. 8, the observer sees only a uniformly striped background, 108. If the security element 106 is viewed at an acute angle (direction A or B) or in a side view (D), a second color image of the first graphic item 105b 102 is visible. Similarly, what is not shown in Fig. 8, the image of the second graphic item 105a is shown in a first color, 101.

PL 234 566 B1

This principle also applies to the picture 105, which is composed of many elements, each of which is a different color, as well as to pictures which are composed of many colored fragments. By over-embossing and shifting the first geometrical figures of the embossed structure, 104, by the total multiple of the width of a single line in the sequence of first lines with respect to the first fragment or graphic element, as well as subsequent fragments or elements constituting part of the hidden image, multi-colored images are created with a clear color division of individual image fragments , 105. However, the width of a single first geometric figure must not be greater than the width of a single line in the sequence of first lines, and the geometric figures are within the single lines of the background layer.

Alternatively, it is also possible that the graphic elements of the picture 105 fall on a combination of colors as shown in Fig. 9. This applies when the offset p is an integer multiple, for example p = 2n, 3n. For a better understanding of this embodiment, Fig. 10 shows a cross section of the first graphic item 105b and a background layer 108 along the β-β axis and a cross section of the second graphic item 105a and background layer 108 along the γ-γ axis. . For example, when the second graphic item 105a falls on the combination of the first color, 101, and the third color, 103, and the first graphic item, 105b, falls on the combination of the second color, 102 and the first color, 101, then when viewed at an acute angle, the image 105b will be visible from direction A, with the first graphic item 105a visible in the first color, 101, and the second graphic item 105a visible in the second color 102b, and the second graphic item 105a visible from the direction B , in the third color 103 and in the first color 101, the first graphic item 105b will be visible. If a side light (D) is placed at ground level, 107, perpendicular to the first geometric figures of the embossed structure, 104, then the entire color effect of the two graphic elements, 105a, 105b, is visible from the directions A, B, C and elsewhere, the color will be visible from the given viewing direction.

In accordance with the present embodiment, the invention may consist of a plurality of multi-color graphic elements constituting a latent image of the security device 106 according to the present embodiment.

The purpose of the third embodiment is to obtain multi-color color gradations in the image 205 of the security element 106 creating a rainbow impression. According to the invention, a rainbow is understood to mean a uniform transition on a certain surface from one color to another or from one shade of the same color to another shade thereof. A rainbow impression in the conventional sense of the term is realizable, however, when the background layer 108 is formed by first line sequences of at least Magenta, Yellow and Cyan. On the other hand, when using pantone colors, for example red, purple, brown, you will not get a rainbow in the classic sense, but a uniform transition from one color with its shades to another color with its shades. According to this embodiment, the background layer 108 of the security device 106 consists of at least three sequences of parallel first lines of at least two colors, where the color of one of the first lines in the sequence may be the color of the substrate 107. The layer 107 background 108 consists of any number of sequences of first lines with the same width n. Then, a dry embossing of the background layer 108 is performed with an embossing structure 204 in the form of first geometric figures equidistant from each other. The width of the first geometrical figures of the embossing structure 204 depends on the effect to be achieved and ranges from n-50% n to n + 50% n. The embossed, multicolored image 205, which is a combination of the background colored layer 108 with the embossed structure 204, is obtained by embossing the first geometric figures of the embossing structure 204 with an offset from the sequence of the first lines by the shift value p = Ln + w or p = Ln - w, where the coefficient w is calculated from the following formula:

w = Ln / i _s where:

L is the number of different colors in the sequence of first lines, n is the width of a single line in the sequence of first lines, and _s is the number of the sequence of first lines in the area of the embossing structure, 204.

Preferably, the first geometrical figures of the embossing structure 204 are embossed with an offset parallel to the background layer 108, however, an embossing with a parallel displacement by a predetermined angle is also possible.

PL 234 566 B1

According to the invention, for obtaining the rainbow effect, it is irrelevant whether the shift value p is calculated by adding the coefficient w to the value of Ln or by subtracting it. In the case where the coefficient w is subtracted from the value of Ln, then the effect of the color transition is obtained, but inverted by 180 °.

The speed of the color transitions depends on the number of sequences in which the graphic element 205 is placed, as illustrated by the two following listing examples a and b. The greater the number of first line sequences in the background layer 108 in the area of the graphic element 205, whereby the value of w is smaller and "longer" there is a color transition from the first color, 101, with its shades through the second color, 102, with its shades up to the third color, 103, with its shades. The greater the value of the w factor, the "faster" this transition is.

P r z k ł a d a

If the graphic element of the image, 205, is contained in 17 sequences of first lines of three colors, and the width of a single line n is 150 microns, then the offset value p calculated from the formula p = Ln + w (where w = Ln / is) will be:

w = 3 x 150 mic / 17 w = ~ 26 mic p = 3 x 150 mic + w p = 450 mic + 26 mic p = 476 mic

P r z k ł a d b

If the graphic element of the image, 205, is contained in 24 sequences of first lines of three colors, and the width of a single line n is 150 microns, then the offset value p calculated from the formula p = Ln + w (where w = Ln / iS) will be:

w = 3 x 150 mic / 24 w = ~ 18.8 mic p = 3 x 150 mic + w p = 450 mic +18.8 mic p = 468.8 mic

Although the graphic elements of the image 205 described in the above examples are of different heights, as evidenced by the number of sequences of the first lines of the same width in which this element is contained, there is one color transition within both of these graphic elements in the same colors and the same order, except that on the graphic element of the picture, 205, contained in the 24 sequences of first lines, the transition is longer.

The embossed structure 204 is adjusted to obtain the desired colors of the security element 106. The shade of the color obtained in the embossing depends on the degree of overlap of two adjacent colors on the embossing. The degree of overlap according to the invention means that two adjacent colors are mixed in different proportions on the side profiles of the embossing structure 204. This is shown in Fig. 11. For example, one rib has 100% of the first color, 101, or 10% of the first color, 101, and 90% of the second color, 102, or 50% of the first color, 101, and 50% of the second color. , 102, then 100% of the second color, 102, or 10% of the second color, 102, and 90% of the third color, 103 or 50% of the second color, 102, and 50% of the third color, 103, then 100% of the third color, 103 , or 10% of the third color, 103, and 90% of the first color, 101, or 50% of the third color, 103, and 50% of the first color, 101, wherein the mixing ratios of the colors on the profiles of the embossing structure 204 are arbitrary. The more the embossed structure area 204 covers the more first line sequences, the slower the colors blend to form a whole gamut of shades within one color transition between the first line sequence colors.

Alternatively, the color transition between the colors of the first line sequence may be repeated many times in the area of the graphic element 205. In order to obtain any number of color transitions then the coefficient w, which corresponds to one color transition, is multiplied by the value z-1. For example, if there are 205 five color transitions in the image, then the w factor is multiplied by z - 1, i.e. 4. Using the data from example b, where p = 450 mic + 18.8 mic, then multiplying the w factor by 4 value would be obtained

PL 234 566 B1 displacement p = 450 mic + 18.8 mic x 4 = 525 mic. Consequently, in order to obtain five color transitions in one image, 205, the first geometric shapes of the embossing structure, 204, must be shifted from the tricolor background layer, 108, consisting of 24 sequences of first lines, by the offset value p = 525 microns.

Fig. 12 shows a preferred embodiment in which the background layer 108 of the security element 106 in the form of a latent image 205 consists of 6 sequences of parallel lines of three colors with the same width n, with a color of one line in the form of a latent image. the sequence of first lines can be the color of the base, 107. On the background layer 108, then the embossing structure 204 has been dry-embossed. The multicolored image, 205, is obtained by shifting the first geometrical figures of the embossing structure, 204, by the displacement value p, where p = 3n -w where the w factor is calculated from the following formula:

w = Ln / i _s where:

Ln is the number of colored lines in the sequence of first lines, and s is the number of sequences of first lines in the area of the embossing structure, 204.

In this example, Ln is 3n and is is 6, hence:

w = 3n / 6 = ½ ^.

p = 3 - p = 2.5n

Consequently, to obtain a multi-colored image 205 in all color tones 101, 102 and 103, the first geometric figures of the embossing structure 204 have to be embossed with an offset from the three-color background layer 108 by an offset value p = 2.5n. The embossed structure 204 consists of the first geometric figures parallel to each other forming an oval pattern, "exploded" by the shift value p = 2.5n.

If the first geometric figure from the first geometric figures of the embossed structure, 204, at p = 2.5n, starts with the first color (counting from the top of the drawing), 101, then the next figure of the first geometric figures highlights two colors - the third color, 103, and the first color, 101, the next geometric figure from the first geometric figures only the third color, 103, another one again two colors, where it will be the second color, 102, and the third color, 103, then only the second color, 102, another two colors - the first color 101 and a second color 102 and finally one color 101. In case the first color, 101, is Cyan, the second color, 102, Yellow, and the third color, 103, Magenta, then by making the first geometrical figures of the structure embossed, 204, with the line shift value p = 2.5n we get the transition: Cyan - Violet - Magenta - Orange - Yellow - Green - Cyan.

Alternatively, according to the invention, it is also possible to use colors from the PANTONE system.

Alternatively, the size of the embossment 204 can be larger than the structure of the first lines, and embossed beyond the background layer 108, the security element 106 then has a hidden image over the entire surface of the printed background, 108 and the embossing outside the first line structure is not it is visible, that is, it gives no hidden image. Thereby, the risk of the embossing structure 204 being mismatched with the background layer 108 is reduced.

According to different exemplary embodiments, each of the examples 1 to 5 can be supplemented with an extrusion beyond the structure of the first lines as described above.

In accordance with the fourth embodiment of the present invention, a multicolored security device 106 exhibits a moiré image in the form of a latent image 305. This is the result of a different arrangement of the first geometric figures of the embossing structure 304 from the previous embodiments. To this end, the background layer 108 described above is dry embossed with the embossed structure 304 consisting of convex first geometric figures parallel to one another, they deviate from the sequence of first lines, 108, by a predetermined angle. The width of the first geometrical figures of the embossing structure 304 can be any wider n + 50% n or narrower n -50% n.

PL 234 566 B1

The security element 106, formed by superimposed first geometrical figures of the embossing structure 304 on the background layer 108, consisting of at least two sequences of first lines in three different colors, when viewed in scattered light when viewed perpendicular to the surface or parallel to the surface. line, is in a solid color. If the security element 106 is viewed at a sharp angle, a moiré effect is observed. This effect, according to the invention, is obtained because each individual figure of the embossed geometric structure 304 has successive colors 101, 102, 103, sometimes several times, instead of one color of the background layer 108 instead of one background layer color. Thus, rotating the embossed structure 304 by a predetermined angle with respect to the sequence of the first lines of the background layer 108 causes the image 305 in the security element 106 to transition from a uniform color to a multi-color image with colors that change from the first color 101 to the second. color, 102, followed by a third color, 103. The color transition occurs in a diffuse / interlocking fashion from one color to another by creating, for example, linear stripes of different colors resulting from mixing the three primary colors of the background layer 108 and their intermediate shades.

The first geometrical figures of the embossing structure 304 according to the invention can form any shape, from simple to highly complex patterns reflecting leaves, butterflies, drops or other motifs.

The predetermined angle is from 1 ° to 12 °, preferably it is from 3 ° to 6 °. Rotating the first geometric shapes of the embossing structure 304 a greater angle with respect to the background layer 108 increases the moiré effect.

Fig. 13 shows the security device 106 as a latent image 305 made in accordance with this embodiment. To better understand the invention, the background layer 108 is six sequences of first lines, each sequence containing three lines of three different colors, hence Ln = 3n. The color of the substrate, 107, may be one of the colors in the sequence of the first 3n lines. The lines have the same width n. The image 305 of the security element 106 is formed by a dry embossing in the background layer 108 of the first geometric figures of the embossing structure 304 that are offset from the sequence of the first lines of the background layer 108 by the offset amount p and are deviating from the sequence of first lines by an angle of 6 °. The first geometrical figures of the embossing structure 304, together with the background layer 108, can form any pattern. Depending on the length of the first geometrical figures of the embossing structure 304, a single figure may contain multiple consecutive colors, sometimes multiple colors. Fig. 14 shows an example of the security device 106 with three repeating lines of different colors within a single geometric figure of the embossing structure 304.

Moreover, according to the invention, a moiré effect can be obtained both by rotating the embossing structure 104, shown in the first embodiment, by a predetermined angle, and the embossment structure 204 in the second embodiment. Moreover, the security element 106 may consist of a number of different fragments, of which in each fragment its first geometrical figures of the embossing structure are deviated and offset differently from one another.

According to an alternate embodiment, the first geometrical figures of the embossing structure 104, 204, 304 are tilted through a predetermined angle either clockwise or counterclockwise. For example, the hidden image 105 of the first embodiment may consist of three portions, the top portion of the hidden image, 105, is rotated, for example, by an angle of 6 °, the bottom image portion, 105, is rotated by an angle of -6 °, and the middle portion the fragment is displaced by the line width n and is rotated by 6 °.

A fifth embodiment is the security element 106 shown in Fig. 15. The security element 106, in the form of a latent image, on a security and / or value document 100 consists of a background layer 108 applied to the substrate 107. and at least one embossing structure 404, which are first geometric figures equidistant from each other, the latent image 405 obtained by embossing the first geometric figures of the embossing structure with an offset from the sequence of the first lines of the background layer 108. According to this example In another embodiment, the security element 106 also has at least one dyed embossing structure, XXX, of equidistant second geometric shapes embossed and inked on the background layer 108.

Accordingly, the security element 106, in addition to the latent image, 405, also comprises a visible image, XXX ', obtained by embossing the second geometric figures of a colored structure.

The visible image, XXX ', may be any image, preferably the visible image complements, repeats, or a mirror image of a latent image, XXX, offset from the sequence of the first lines of the background layer, 108. .

The dyed embossing structure XXX may be a lattice of equidistant second geometric figures. The second geometrical figures within one visible image fragment are equidistant when the lines passing through the centers of the geometrical figures, drawn perpendicular to the displacement direction, are equidistant within one visible image fragment. In some embodiments, the extreme geometrical figures of a picture are smaller than the rest of the geometrical figures of the picture and for such extreme geometrical figures the distance from the line passing through the center of the geometric figure to the line passing through the center of the adjacent geometrical figure will be smaller than for the non-extreme geometrical figures within one fragment of the picture. The second geometric figure is understood to mean, for example, a rectangle, square, triangle, trapezoid, circle, ellipse, rhombus, as well as other figures with complex structures (fractal structures) or lines. A special example of equality is parallelism.

For example, the embossed dyed structure XXX can be a grid of squares with a side depending on the planned effect. The width of the second geometric shapes of the dyed embossing structure ranges from n to Ln-1. This means that the first geometrical figures of the embossment structure 404 and the second geometrical figures of the embossed structure may have the same width but may also have different widths. Thus, when the intention is to cover two colors from the tricolor background layer 108, then the side width of the square 2n and the offset 3n are used. When the intention is to cover one color of the four-color background layer 108, then the side of the square n and an offset of 4n are used. When viewed perpendicularly and elsewhere to the security and / or value document 100, you can see the color effect created by the dyed elements, with the visible colors of the background layer 108 remaining those not covered by the ink, and when viewed at an acute angle or in use. side illumination, a second effect appears in the form of those elements of the first geometric figures of the embossed structure, 404 which have not been dyed, complemented by a visible image, XXX ', and which constitute a hidden image, 405.

By inking the second geometrical figures of the embossing structure XXX, the same effects are obtained as obtained by dry embossing the background layer 108, - with the difference that the effect is not hidden, but visible under all lighting conditions. All paint colors can be used according to the invention. If, for example, white is used, then a pastel effect is obtained, while using black, a more intense color is obtained for a given part of the background layer 108 which has not been covered by the paint. The advantage of this solution is obtaining colored fragments of images visible using at least one steel engraving paint.

When the background layer 108 is 4 colors and for example the line width in the sequence of first lines is 150 µm, and the width of one of the second geometric shapes of the dyed embossment, XXX, is 2n = 300 µm, then the dyed embossing, XXX, covers two colors and a color resulting from two uncovered colors becomes visible. On the other hand, when the width of one geometric figure from the second geometric figures of the dyed embossment, XXX, has a width of 3n, then the fourth uncovered color is visible, and when the width of one geometric figure from the second geometric figures of the in-dyed embossment, XXX, has the width n, then the visible color is the resultant of three uncovered colors. Depending on which color is used to dye the embossing structure, XXX, the resultant color will be observed in a darker or lighter shade respectively.

Fig. 15 shows an embodiment showing the coexistence in the security device 106 of a latent image 405 with a visible image XXX '. According to this embodiment, the background layer 108 consists of 6 sequences of parallel lines of three colors: first, 101, second, 102, and third, 103, with the same line width n. On the background layer 108, it has then been embossed with dry embossed structure, 404, in the form of a grid of squares with a side width n with a parallel shift of 3n in relation to the sequence of the first lines of the background layer, 108, and in the same course, a dyed embossed structure, XXX, in the form of a square grid with a width of side 2n with an offset of 3n parallel to the sequence of the first lines of the background layer 108. The embossed embossed structure XXX thus covers the two colors of the background layer 108 with the paint used, i.e. the first color, 101, and the second color, 102, and one color is visible - the third color, 103, in a shade respectively darker or lighter, depending on

The color of the paint used to paint the embossing structure, XXX. The visible image, XXX ', in this case is thus a free-form image resulting from the combination of paint covering the first color, 101, and the second color, 102, and the visible elements of the third color, 103. The same third color, 103, is on the embossing structure. dry concealed image, 405.

According to further embodiments of the present invention, the first geometrical figures of the embossing structure 404 as well as the second geometrical figures of the in-dyed embossing structure XXX may be freely shifted according to the second embodiment, and may also be shifted with a deviation by a predetermined angle. detailed in the fourth embodiment.

In accordance with different embodiments, each of Examples 1 to 4 can be supplemented with a visible image, XXX ', made as described in the fifth embodiment. The visible image is not limited to a square grid, but applies to any shape of equidistant geometric figures. Moreover, it should be most emphatically emphasized that the security element may consist of a plurality of emboss structures and a plurality of dyed emboss structures.

The invention also relates to a method for making a security element 106 in the form of a latent image on a security and / or value document 100. A background layer 108 is applied to the substrate 107 of a security and / or valuable document 100. at least one sequence of parallel first lines containing at least two lines of different color. The substrate color, 107, may be one of the colors of the first line sequence of the background layer 108, and the lines in the first line sequence are the same width n. The sequences of the parallel first lines are offset, type-offset, or flexographic. Preferably, the sequence of the first lines is three different colors, first, 101, second, 102, third, 103. Preferably, they are CMY or PANTONE colors. Then, a second layer of security element 106 is applied, containing the designed latent image. This layer is pressed with a steel engraving machine. Preferably, a gravure printing plate is used for this purpose. According to the invention, the image can be etched, irradiated and washed, engraved or laser-burned on the steel engraving plate. The engineered image forms an embossed structure 104, 204, 304, 404. In an alternate embodiment, the image comprises an embossed structure 104, 204, 304, 404 and an in-dyed embossing structure XXX. The embossing structure 104, 204, 304, 404, and / or the dyed embossing structure XXX may be a lattice of geometric figures equidistant from one another. A grid of geometric figures is understood as a grid of circles, squares, rhombuses, ellipses, rectangles, triangles, etc., they can also be segments of curved or straight lines. The shape of the first geometrical figures of the embossed structure 104, 204, 304, 404 and the second geometrical figures of the embossed embossing structure XXX depends on the shape of the hidden image and the visible image to be achieved. A single figure from the first geometrical figures of the embossing structure 104, 204, 304, 404 is made with a width ranging from n-50% n to n + 50% n. In turn, a single figure of the second geometric figures of the dyed embossment, XXX, is made in the range from n to Ln-1. Preferably, the first geometrical figures of the embossment 104, 204, 404 and / or the second geometrical figures of the embossed structure XXX are embossed with an offset parallel to the sequence of the first lines of the background layer 108, depending on the effect to be achieved. Depending on the effect of the color transition, the value of the p shift is calculated from the formula p = Ln or from the formula p = Ln + w or p = Ln - w, where w is the coefficient calculated from the formula:

w = Ln / i _s

L is the number of different colors in the sequence of first lines, n is the width of a single line in the sequence of first lines, and s is the number of sequences of first lines in the area of the embossing structure.

Thus, the value of the p shift may be an integer or incomplete multiple of the widths of the first lines, the width of a single first figure of the geometric embossing structure being in the range of 50% n to 150% n.

According to the invention, the embossing of the embossing 104, 204, 304, 404 in the form of a designed image can be made by gravure printing. The embossing of the embossing 104, 204, 304, 404 is performed by dry embossing, and the embossing of the dyed embossing, XXX, is performed wet using at least one steel engraving paint.

PL 234 566 B1

When, in a variant of the invention, the security element 106 consists of a latent image 405 and a visible image XXX ', then according to the method of the invention, in the same run, the embossing structure 404 is dry-stamped with an offset relative to the sequence of the first lines. of the background layer 108 by a given p shift value is applied to the dyed embossment, XXX. Individual colors are applied to the wet-stamping mold using special stencils for applying steel engraving (or paints). Each color has a separate template and may contain a different shape, therefore, by appropriate shapes on the various templates, the second geometric figures of the dyed embossing structure can be dyed in different colors. In the structure of the second geometric figures of the dyed embossing structure, one or, for example, five areas can be defined which are dyed with different colors. The dyed embossing structure is made by wet embossing on the background layer, 108, i.e. using at least one steel engraving paint, which paint is applied over the colored lines of the background layer, 108. Preferably, a mesh of embossed structure elements with areas in the dyed, XXX, and non-dyed areas. , 404, is moved parallel.

The dyed embossed structure, XXX, can take the form of a grid of figures with a shape depending on the desired effect. For example, when the grid of the second geometric figures is a grid of squares, then when two colors are covered from the tricolor background layer 108, then the side width 2n and the offset 3n are used. When one color of the four-color background layer 108 is covered, the side of the square n and an offset of 4n are used. Then, when viewed perpendicularly, the colors of the background layer 108 which are not covered by the paint and the visible image, XXX ', are visible. If, according to the invention, a latent image of the security element 106 is observed, then, in addition, when viewed at an acute angle or when side lighting is used, a second effect occurs in the form of these elements of the first geometrical figures of the embossed structure 404 which is a latent image 405 and complements which there is a picture visible, XXX '.

According to the method of the invention, in order to obtain any number of color transitions in a latent image, the p-shift value is calculated by adding to the Ln value or subtracting the w coefficient therefrom. The w coefficient represents one color transition. The color transition between the colors of the first line sequence may be repeated many times in the area of the graphic element of a hidden image. For this purpose, the coefficient w is multiplied by the value z-1. After calculating the value of the coefficient w taking into account the desired number of color transitions, the value of the shift p of the first geometrical figures of the embossed structure relative to the first lines of the background layer 108 is calculated. The problem of color transitions in the hidden image has been described in detail above.

According to a further embodiment of the invention, when the dyed embossing structure XXX is a grid of squares, rectangles, oval or circular elements, and if the color transition effect of both visible XXX 'and hidden 405 images is to be obtained, the p-shift value for the dyed portion is the same as for dry embossing.

Moreover, the first geometrical figures of the embossing structure 104, 204, 304 are tilted through a predetermined angle either clockwise or counterclockwise to achieve a moiré effect. The predetermined angle is from 1 ° to 12 °, preferably it is 6 °.

In order to obtain an element and / or a fragment of a latent image 105, in a single color, the first geometric figures of the embossing structure 104 are embossed with an offset from the sequence of the first lines of the background layer 108 by the shift value p = Ln, for this purpose a single the figure of the embossing structure 104 should lie within a single line of the background layer 108. In turn, the second element and / or part 105a of the latent image 105 is obtained by shifting the first geometrical figures of the embossing structure 104a of the second element and / or the portion 105a of the latent image 105 by an additional distance upwards and / or downwards to the first geometrical figures of the embossed structure 104b, the first element and / or the fragment 105b the latent image 105. The additional distance is equal to an integer multiple of the width of the first lines, i.e., for example, n, the width of a single geometric figure being the first the ych of geometrical figures cannot be greater than n.

The invention also relates to a security and / or valuable document 100 comprising the security element 106 described above.

According to the invention, it is possible to freely combine the individual features described above to obtain the security element 106.

Claims (38)

Patent claims A security element (106) in the form of a latent image, characterized in that it comprises: - a background layer (108) applied to the substrate (107) of the security and / or value document (100), the background layer (108) being a multiple of the sequence of parallel first lines, and one sequence of parallel first lines comprising at least three lines of different colors that repeat in the same order, where the ground color (107) may be one of the colors of the first line sequence, and lines in the first line sequence are of the same width, and with: - at least one embossing structure (104, 204, 304, 404) on the background layer (108), the embossing structure (104, 204, 304, 404) being first geometric figures equidistant from each other and a latent image (105, 205) , 305, 405) is obtained by embossing the first geometrical figures of the embossing structure (104, 204, 304, 404) with an offset from the sequence of the first lines of the background layer (108). 2. The security element according to claim 1, characterized in that it has: - at least one dyed embossing structure (XXX) consisting of equidistant second geometric shapes embossed and covered with ink on the background layer (108). 3. The security element according to claim The method of claim 1 or 2, characterized in that the geometric figures are equidistant, when the lines passing through the centers of the geometric figures, drawn perpendicular to the displacement direction, are equidistant within one fragment of the hidden or visible image. 4. The security element according to claim 1 The method of claim 2 or 3, characterized in that it comprises a latent image (105, 205, 305, 405) and a visible image (XXX ') obtained by embossing the second geometric figures of the in-colored embossing structure (XXX) with an offset from the sequence of the first lines of the background layer (108) . The security element according to one of the preceding claims, characterized in that the displacement of the first geometrical figures of the embossing structure (104, 204, 404) and / or the second geometrical figures of the embossed structure (XXX) with respect to the sequence of the first lines of the background layer (108) is parallel. Security element according to one of the preceding claims, characterized in that the offset value p is calculated from the formula p = Ln, where L is the number of different colors in the sequence of first lines and n is the width of one line in the sequence of first lines. The security element according to one of the claims 1-5, characterized in that the value of the shift p is calculated from the formula p = Ln + w or p = Ln - w, where the coefficient w is calculated from the following formula: w = Ln / i _s where: L is the number of different colors in the sequence of first lines, n is the width of a single line in the sequence of first lines, and s is the number of sequences of first lines in the area of the embossing structure. 8. The security element according to claim 1 1-4 and 6-7, characterized in that the first geometrical figures of the embossing structure (104, 204, 304, 404) and / or the second geometrical figures of the embossed structure (XXX) are deflected with respect to the sequence of first lines by a predetermined angle according to the movement. clockwise or counterclockwise. The security element according to one of the preceding claims, characterized in that the embossing structure (104, 204, 304, 404) consists of first geometric figures equidistant from each other and the dyed embossing structure (XXX) are second geometric figures equidistant from each other, which they take the form of a grid of various elements, the shape of which depends on the designed latent image (105, 205, 305,405) and / or the visible image (XXX ') of the security element (106). The security element according to one of the preceding claims, characterized in that by the embossing of the first geometrical figures of the embossing structure (104) offset to the sequence of the first lines of the background layer (108), the first element and / or a latent image fragment (105b) (105b) is obtained. 105) in at least one color of the background layer (108). PL 234 566 B1 11. The security element according to claim 1 The method according to claim 10, characterized in that by forcing the first geometric figures of the embossing structure (104b) with an offset relative to the sequence of the first lines of the background layer (108) by an integer multiple of the line width, the first element and / or fragment (105b) of the latent image (105) is obtained in one the color of the background layer (108), the width of a single first geometric figure not greater than n, and a single first figure of the embossed structure (104b) is within a single line of the background layer (108). 12. The security element according to claim 1 The method of claim 10 or 11, characterized in that the second element and / or part (105a) of the latent image (105) in at least one other color of the background layer (108) is obtained by embossing the first geometrical figures of the embossing structure (104a) of the second element and / or the part (105a) offset by an additional distance from the first geometrical figures of the embossing structure (104b) of the first element and / or the fragment (105b) of the latent image (105). 13. The security element according to claim 1 11. The method of claim 11, characterized in that by forcing the first geometrical figures of the embossed structure (104a) of the second element and / or a fragment (105a) of the latent image (105) with an offset by an additional distance equal to a total multiple of the width of the first lines of the background layer (108) with respect to the first geometrical figures the embossed structure (104b) of the first element and / or part (105b) of the latent image, the second element and / or part (105a) of the latent image (105) is obtained in one different color of the background layer (108), the width of the single first geometric figure not may be greater than n. 14. The security element according to claim 1 The method according to claim 8, characterized in that the predetermined angle is from 1 ° to 12 °, preferably it is an angle of 6 °. 15. Security element according to one of the preceding claims. 2-9 or 14, characterized in that the dyed embossing structure (XXX) is dyed with at least one steel engraving ink. 16. The security element according to one of the preceding claims. 1-10, 12, 14-15, characterized in that the single geometric figure of the first geometric figures of the embossing structure (104, 204, 304, 404) has a width ranging from n-50% n to n + 50% n, and a single geometric figure from the second geometric figures of the dyed embossing structure (XXX) has a width in the range n to Ln - 1, where: L is the number of different colors in the sequence of first lines, n is the width of a single line in the sequence of first lines. The security element according to one of the preceding claims, characterized in that the angle at the base of the profile to obtain a single geometric figure from the first geometric figures of the embossed structure (104, 204, 304, 404) and / or the angle at the base of the profile to obtain a single geometric figure of the second geometrical figures of the dyed embossment (XXX) is between 75 [deg.] and 90 [deg.]. 18. The security element according to claim 1 The method of claim 7, characterized in that the coefficient w is responsible for one color transition. 19. The security element according to claim 1 The method of claim 18, wherein the coefficient w is multiplied by the value z-1 to obtain the color transitions. 20. A method for making a security element (106) in the form of a latent image on a security and / or value document (100), characterized by the following steps: a) applying to the substrate (107) a background layer (108), wherein the background layer (108) is a multiple of a sequence of parallel first lines, and one sequence of parallel first lines comprises at least three lines of different color repeating itself in the same order, the substrate color (107) may be one of the colors of the sequence of the first lines of the background layer (108), and the lines in the sequence of first lines are of the same width, b) an embossing on the background layer (108) of at least one embossing structure (104, 204, 304, 404), the embossing structure being first geometric figures equidistant from each other, shifted from the sequence of the first lines, the latent image (105, 205, 305, 405) is obtained by embossing the first figures The embossed geometric structures (104, 204, 304, 404) are offset from the sequence of the first lines. 21. The method of p. 20, characterized in that it comprises the following step: c) an embossing on the background layer (108) of at least one dyed embossing structure (XXX), wherein the dyed embossing is constituted by equidistant ink coated second geometric figures shifted from the sequence of first lines, the visible image (XXX ') being obtained by wet embossing of the second geometrical figures of the embossing structure (XXX) with an offset to the sequence of the first lines of the background layer (108). 22. The method according to p. 20 or 21, characterized in that the first geometrical figures of the embossing structure (104, 204, 404) and / or the second geometrical figures of the embossed structure (XXX) shift parallel to the sequence of the first lines of the background layer (108). 23. The method according to any one of claims The method of 20-22, characterized in that the offset value p is calculated from the formula p = Ln, where L is the number of different colors in the sequence of first lines and n is the width of one line in the sequence of first lines of the background layer (108). 24. The method according to p. 20-22, characterized in that the shift value p is calculated from the formula p = Ln + w or p = Ln - w, where the coefficient w is calculated from the following formula: w = Ln / i _s where: L is the number of different colors in the sequence of first lines, n is the width of a single line in the sequence of first lines, and s is the number of sequences of first lines in the area of the embossing structure. 25. The method according to any one of claims 1 to 25 20 or 21, characterized in that the first geometrical figures of the embossed structure (104, 204, 304, 404) and / or the second geometrical figures of the embossed embossment (XXX) are deflected with respect to the sequence of the first lines by a given angle clockwise or counterclockwise. to move. 26. The method according to any one of claims 1 to 26. 21-25, characterized in that the embossing structure (104, 204, 304, 404) is formed by first geometric figures equidistant from each other, and the dyed embossing structure (XXX) are second geometric figures equidistant from each other, which are in the form of a grid of various elements whose the shape depends on the designed latent image (105, 205, 305, 405) and / or the visible image (XXX ') of the security element (106). 27. A method according to any one of the preceding claims. 20-23, characterized in that the first geometrical figures of the embossing structure (104b) are shifted with respect to the sequence of the first lines of the background layer (108) by the amount of shift pi by this shift, the first element and / or fragment (105b) of the latent image (105) is obtained. in at least one color. 28. The method according to p. 27, characterized in that when the first geometrical figures of the embossing structure (104b) are shifted from the sequence of the first lines of the background layer (108) by an integer multiple of the line width, the first element and / or fragment (105b) of the latent image (105) is obtained in one the color of the background layer (108), the width of a single first geometric figure of the embossment structure (104b) cannot be greater than n, and the single first figure of the embossment (104b) is within a single line of the background layer (108). 29. The method according to p. 27 or 28, characterized in that the second element and / or part (105a) of the latent image (105) in at least one other color of the background layer (108) is obtained by shifting the first geometrical figures of the embossed structure (104a) of the second element and / or part ( 105a) by an additional distance to the first geometrical figures of the embossed structure (104b) of the first element and / or the fragment (105b) of the latent image (105). 30. The method according to p. The method of claim 28, characterized in that in order to obtain the second element and / or fragment (105a) of the latent image (105) in one different color of the background layer (108), the first geometric figures of the embossing structure (104a) of the second element and / or the fragment are shifted by an additional distance equal to an integer multiple of the width of the first lines of the layer The background (108) is relative to the first geometrical figures of the embossing structure (104b) of the first element and / or a fragment (105b) of the latent image (105), the width of a single first geometrical figure not greater than n. 31. The method according to p. 25, characterized in that the predetermined angle is from 1 ° to 12 °, preferably it is an angle of 6 °. 32. The method according to p. The method of claim 20, wherein the sequences of the parallel first lines of the background layer (108) are offset, type-offset, or flexographic. 33. The method according to p. 20, characterized in that the embossing of the embossing structure (104, 204, 304, 404) is provided by dry embossing. 34. The method of p. 21, characterized in that the embossing of the dyed embossing structure (XXX) is performed by wet embossing using at least one steel engraving paint. 35. The method according to p. 21, characterized in that the dyed embossing structure (XXX) is embossed in the same course as the first geometric figures of the dry embossed structure (104, 204, 304, 404). 36. The method according to p. 20-27, 29, 31-35, characterized in that a single figure from the first geometric figures of the dry-stamped structure (104, 204, 304, 404) is made with a width ranging from n-50% n to n + 50% n, and a single figure from the second geometric figures of the dyed embossed structure (XXX) is made with a width in the range n to Ln - 1, where: L is the number of different colors in the sequence of first lines, n is the width of a single line in the sequence of first lines. 37. A security and / or value document (100), characterized in that it comprises a security element (106) as defined in one of claims 1-19. 38. A security and / or valuable document (100) as claimed in claim 38 The process of claim 37, characterized in that it is made of one: paper, polymer, a combination of materials and / or glued materials of paper, paper-like and / or polymer materials.