PL227752B1 - Method for utilization of wastes from the production of mushrooms - Google Patents
Method for utilization of wastes from the production of mushrooms Download PDFInfo
- Publication number
- PL227752B1 PL227752B1 PL410899A PL41089915A PL227752B1 PL 227752 B1 PL227752 B1 PL 227752B1 PL 410899 A PL410899 A PL 410899A PL 41089915 A PL41089915 A PL 41089915A PL 227752 B1 PL227752 B1 PL 227752B1
- Authority
- PL
- Poland
- Prior art keywords
- weight
- amount
- potassium
- mushroom
- fertilizer
- Prior art date
Links
- 235000001674 Agaricus brunnescens Nutrition 0.000 title claims description 20
- 238000000034 method Methods 0.000 title claims description 17
- 239000002699 waste material Substances 0.000 title claims description 12
- 239000003337 fertilizer Substances 0.000 claims description 13
- 238000009264 composting Methods 0.000 claims description 10
- 239000002361 compost Substances 0.000 claims description 8
- 239000000758 substrate Substances 0.000 claims description 7
- YYRMJZQKEFZXMX-UHFFFAOYSA-N calcium;phosphoric acid Chemical compound [Ca+2].OP(O)(O)=O.OP(O)(O)=O YYRMJZQKEFZXMX-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 claims description 4
- 230000004720 fertilization Effects 0.000 claims description 4
- XAEFZNCEHLXOMS-UHFFFAOYSA-M potassium benzoate Chemical compound [K+].[O-]C(=O)C1=CC=CC=C1 XAEFZNCEHLXOMS-UHFFFAOYSA-M 0.000 claims description 4
- 239000002426 superphosphate Substances 0.000 claims description 4
- OAICVXFJPJFONN-UHFFFAOYSA-N Phosphorus Chemical compound [P] OAICVXFJPJFONN-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 claims description 3
- ZLMJMSJWJFRBEC-UHFFFAOYSA-N Potassium Chemical compound [K] ZLMJMSJWJFRBEC-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 claims description 3
- 229910052500 inorganic mineral Inorganic materials 0.000 claims description 3
- 239000011707 mineral Substances 0.000 claims description 3
- 239000011574 phosphorus Substances 0.000 claims description 3
- 229910052698 phosphorus Inorganic materials 0.000 claims description 3
- 239000011591 potassium Substances 0.000 claims description 3
- 229910052700 potassium Inorganic materials 0.000 claims description 3
- OTYBMLCTZGSZBG-UHFFFAOYSA-L potassium sulfate Chemical compound [K+].[K+].[O-]S([O-])(=O)=O OTYBMLCTZGSZBG-UHFFFAOYSA-L 0.000 claims description 3
- 229910052939 potassium sulfate Inorganic materials 0.000 claims description 3
- 235000011151 potassium sulphates Nutrition 0.000 claims description 3
- 239000000203 mixture Substances 0.000 claims description 2
- 239000001120 potassium sulphate Substances 0.000 claims description 2
- 230000001502 supplementing effect Effects 0.000 claims description 2
- 239000002245 particle Substances 0.000 claims 1
- IJGRMHOSHXDMSA-UHFFFAOYSA-N Atomic nitrogen Chemical compound N#N IJGRMHOSHXDMSA-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 description 2
- RYGMFSIKBFXOCR-UHFFFAOYSA-N Copper Chemical compound [Cu] RYGMFSIKBFXOCR-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 description 2
- BUGBHKTXTAQXES-UHFFFAOYSA-N Selenium Chemical compound [Se] BUGBHKTXTAQXES-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 description 2
- UIIMBOGNXHQVGW-UHFFFAOYSA-M Sodium bicarbonate Chemical compound [Na+].OC([O-])=O UIIMBOGNXHQVGW-UHFFFAOYSA-M 0.000 description 2
- HCHKCACWOHOZIP-UHFFFAOYSA-N Zinc Chemical compound [Zn] HCHKCACWOHOZIP-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 description 2
- 229910052802 copper Inorganic materials 0.000 description 2
- 239000010949 copper Substances 0.000 description 2
- 230000018109 developmental process Effects 0.000 description 2
- WPBNNNQJVZRUHP-UHFFFAOYSA-L manganese(2+);methyl n-[[2-(methoxycarbonylcarbamothioylamino)phenyl]carbamothioyl]carbamate;n-[2-(sulfidocarbothioylamino)ethyl]carbamodithioate Chemical compound [Mn+2].[S-]C(=S)NCCNC([S-])=S.COC(=O)NC(=S)NC1=CC=CC=C1NC(=S)NC(=O)OC WPBNNNQJVZRUHP-UHFFFAOYSA-L 0.000 description 2
- 239000011785 micronutrient Substances 0.000 description 2
- 235000013369 micronutrients Nutrition 0.000 description 2
- 235000010755 mineral Nutrition 0.000 description 2
- 239000011669 selenium Substances 0.000 description 2
- 229910052711 selenium Inorganic materials 0.000 description 2
- 239000010802 sludge Substances 0.000 description 2
- 239000002689 soil Substances 0.000 description 2
- 235000013311 vegetables Nutrition 0.000 description 2
- 239000011701 zinc Substances 0.000 description 2
- 229910052725 zinc Inorganic materials 0.000 description 2
- XSQUKJJJFZCRTK-UHFFFAOYSA-N Urea Chemical compound NC(N)=O XSQUKJJJFZCRTK-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 description 1
- 239000001506 calcium phosphate Substances 0.000 description 1
- 229910000389 calcium phosphate Inorganic materials 0.000 description 1
- 235000011010 calcium phosphates Nutrition 0.000 description 1
- 239000004202 carbamide Substances 0.000 description 1
- ZLNQQNXFFQJAID-UHFFFAOYSA-L magnesium carbonate Chemical compound [Mg+2].[O-]C([O-])=O ZLNQQNXFFQJAID-UHFFFAOYSA-L 0.000 description 1
- 239000001095 magnesium carbonate Substances 0.000 description 1
- 229910000021 magnesium carbonate Inorganic materials 0.000 description 1
- 244000005706 microflora Species 0.000 description 1
- 229910052757 nitrogen Inorganic materials 0.000 description 1
- 239000000618 nitrogen fertilizer Substances 0.000 description 1
- 235000015097 nutrients Nutrition 0.000 description 1
- 239000003895 organic fertilizer Substances 0.000 description 1
- 239000005416 organic matter Substances 0.000 description 1
- 230000000737 periodic effect Effects 0.000 description 1
- 230000008121 plant development Effects 0.000 description 1
- 229910000028 potassium bicarbonate Inorganic materials 0.000 description 1
- 235000015497 potassium bicarbonate Nutrition 0.000 description 1
- 239000011736 potassium bicarbonate Substances 0.000 description 1
- TYJJADVDDVDEDZ-UHFFFAOYSA-M potassium hydrogencarbonate Chemical compound [K+].OC([O-])=O TYJJADVDDVDEDZ-UHFFFAOYSA-M 0.000 description 1
- 239000002994 raw material Substances 0.000 description 1
- 239000010865 sewage Substances 0.000 description 1
- 229910000030 sodium bicarbonate Inorganic materials 0.000 description 1
- 235000017557 sodium bicarbonate Nutrition 0.000 description 1
- 239000010902 straw Substances 0.000 description 1
- 239000000126 substance Substances 0.000 description 1
- QORWJWZARLRLPR-UHFFFAOYSA-H tricalcium bis(phosphate) Chemical compound [Ca+2].[Ca+2].[Ca+2].[O-]P([O-])([O-])=O.[O-]P([O-])([O-])=O QORWJWZARLRLPR-UHFFFAOYSA-H 0.000 description 1
Classifications
-
- Y—GENERAL TAGGING OF NEW TECHNOLOGICAL DEVELOPMENTS; GENERAL TAGGING OF CROSS-SECTIONAL TECHNOLOGIES SPANNING OVER SEVERAL SECTIONS OF THE IPC; TECHNICAL SUBJECTS COVERED BY FORMER USPC CROSS-REFERENCE ART COLLECTIONS [XRACs] AND DIGESTS
- Y02—TECHNOLOGIES OR APPLICATIONS FOR MITIGATION OR ADAPTATION AGAINST CLIMATE CHANGE
- Y02A—TECHNOLOGIES FOR ADAPTATION TO CLIMATE CHANGE
- Y02A40/00—Adaptation technologies in agriculture, forestry, livestock or agroalimentary production
- Y02A40/10—Adaptation technologies in agriculture, forestry, livestock or agroalimentary production in agriculture
- Y02A40/20—Fertilizers of biological origin, e.g. guano or fertilizers made from animal corpses
-
- Y—GENERAL TAGGING OF NEW TECHNOLOGICAL DEVELOPMENTS; GENERAL TAGGING OF CROSS-SECTIONAL TECHNOLOGIES SPANNING OVER SEVERAL SECTIONS OF THE IPC; TECHNICAL SUBJECTS COVERED BY FORMER USPC CROSS-REFERENCE ART COLLECTIONS [XRACs] AND DIGESTS
- Y02—TECHNOLOGIES OR APPLICATIONS FOR MITIGATION OR ADAPTATION AGAINST CLIMATE CHANGE
- Y02W—CLIMATE CHANGE MITIGATION TECHNOLOGIES RELATED TO WASTEWATER TREATMENT OR WASTE MANAGEMENT
- Y02W30/00—Technologies for solid waste management
- Y02W30/40—Bio-organic fraction processing; Production of fertilisers from the organic fraction of waste or refuse
Landscapes
- Fertilizers (AREA)
- Processing Of Solid Wastes (AREA)
Description
Opis wynalazkuDescription of the invention
Przedmiotem wynalazku jest sposób utylizacji odpadów po produkcji pieczarek, stanowiących okrywę i nieużyteczne odpady poprodukcyjne, na cele nawozowe.The subject of the invention is a method of utilization of mushroom production waste, which is a casing and useless production waste, for fertilization purposes.
W polskim opisie patentowym nr 212 170 opisany jest sposób utylizacji podłoża po uprawie pieczarek na cele nawozowe. Do podłoża po uprawie wprowadza się 0,6-0,8% wagowych soli potasowej oraz osady z oczyszczalni ścieków komunalnych w stosunku wagowym 0,8:1,2, albo zamiast osadów wprowadza się 0,5-0,7% wagowych mocznika lub innego nawozu azotowego.The Polish patent specification No. 212 170 describes the method of utilization of the substrate after mushroom cultivation for fertilization purposes. After cultivation, 0.6-0.8% by weight of potassium salt and sludge from municipal sewage treatment plants in a weight ratio of 0.8: 1.2 are introduced into the substrate after cultivation, or 0.5-0.7% by weight of urea is introduced instead of sludge or other nitrogen fertilizer.
W Biuletynie Urzędu Patentowego nr 3/2014 opisany jest nawóz z podłoża po uprawie pieczarek i sposób jego wytwarzania. Nawóz składa się z podłoża popieczarkowego w ilości 50-70% wagowych, ewentualnie uzupełniony jest nieużytecznymi częściami pieczarek w ilości nieprzekraczającej 10% wagowych, oraz słomy w ilości 20-50% wagowych, tak aby stosunek C:N w surowcach do kompostowania wynosił nie mniej 30:1, a ponadto zawiera wodorowęglan sodu i/lub wodorowęglan potasu w ilości 1-4% wagowych, fosforan wapnia w ilości 1-3% wagowych, węglan magnezu w ilości 1-5% wagowych, oraz dodatkowe substancje odpadowe doprowadzające udział azotu w produkcie do poziomu 1 -5% suchej masy.The Patent Office Bulletin No. 3/2014 describes the fertilizer from the ground after mushroom cultivation and the method of its production. The fertilizer consists of the mushroom substrate in the amount of 50-70% by weight, possibly supplemented with useless parts of mushrooms in an amount not exceeding 10% by weight, and straw in the amount of 20-50% by weight, so that the C: N ratio in the raw materials for composting is not less than 30: 1, and additionally contains sodium bicarbonate and / or potassium bicarbonate in an amount of 1-4% by weight, calcium phosphate in an amount of 1-3% by weight, magnesium carbonate in an amount of 1-5% by weight, and additional waste substances providing nitrogen in the product to the level of 1-5% of dry matter.
Sposób utylizacji odpadów po produkcji pieczarek na cele nawozowe według wynalazku polegający na uzupełnieniu kompostowanej masy w nawozy mineralne, charakteryzuje się tym, że odpady poprodukcyjne pieczarek stanowiące zużyte podłoże, okrywę i ogonki pieczarek w ilości 50-65% wagowych miesza się z rozdrobnionymi pędami, korą drzew do wielkości nieprzekraczającej 1 cm i liśćmi drzew w ilości 20-35% wagowych, brąz z wywarem gorzelnianym w ilości 10-15% wagowych. Proces kompostowania mieszaniny prowadzi się w temperaturze 20 - 65°C, przy zachowaniu wilgotności kompostowanej masy w granicach 40-60% przez okres 3-5 miesięcy. Po zakończeniu kompostowania, kompost uzupełnia się dodatkowo nawozami fosforowymi w ilości 0,5-5,0% wagowych i nawozami potasowymi w ilości 0,5-5% wagowych, korzystnie superfosfatem potrójnym i siarczanem potasu lub solą potasową.The method of utilizing waste from mushroom production for fertilization purposes according to the invention, consisting in supplementing the composted mass with mineral fertilizers, characterized by the fact that mushroom production waste constituting used substrate, mushroom cover and tails in the amount of 50-65% by weight is mixed with shredded shoots, bark trees to a size not exceeding 1 cm and tree leaves in the amount of 20-35% by weight, brown with stillage in the amount of 10-15% by weight. The process of composting the mixture is carried out at a temperature of 20-65 ° C, while maintaining the humidity of the composted mass within 40-60% for a period of 3-5 months. After the composting is completed, the compost is additionally supplemented with phosphorus fertilizers in the amount of 0.5-5.0% by weight and with potassium fertilizers in the amount of 0.5-5% by weight, preferably triple superphosphate and potassium sulphate or potassium salt.
Okazało się nieoczekiwanie, że odpady po produkcji pieczarek wymieszane z rozdrobnionymi pędami, korą drzew, liśćmi, oraz wywarem gorzelnianym stanowią idealne warunki dla rozwoju mikroflory i mikrofauny powodującej rozkład materii organicznej i wzbogacenie rozkładanej masy w łatwo przyswajalne składniki pokarmowe dla roślin uprawnych. Po przekompostowaniu i dodaniu nawozów mineralnych otrzymuje się nawóz organiczny o stosunku C:N<20:1 zawierający optymalny stosunek N:P:K dla rozwoju roślin uprawnych, a także zawierający niezbędne mikroelementy przyswajalne dla roślin cynk, miedź, mangan, selen.It turned out unexpectedly that the mushroom production waste mixed with shredded shoots, tree bark, leaves and stillage are ideal conditions for the development of microflora and microfauna that breaks down organic matter and enriches the decomposed mass with easily digestible nutrients for crops. After composting and adding mineral fertilizers, an organic fertilizer with a C: N <20: 1 ratio is obtained, containing the optimal N: P: K ratio for the development of crops, as well as containing the necessary micronutrients available for plants: zinc, copper, manganese, and selenium.
Sposób utylizacji odpadów po produkcji pieczarek jest bliżej przedstawiony w przykładach wykonania.The method of utilizing waste from mushroom production is presented in more detail in the examples of implementation.
P r z y k ł a d IP r z k ł a d I
Do 5 ton podłoża po produkcji pieczarek wraz z okrywą dodaje się 1 tonę ogonków z pieczarek wraz z nieużytecznymi odpadami pieczarek, oraz 2 tony liści z drzew i 1 tonę rozdrobnionych pędów drzew do wielkości nieprzekraczającej 1 cm, a także 1 tonę wywaru gorzelnianego. Wymieszane komponenty układa się w pryzmę o szerokości 1 do 2 m i wysokości 1 do 1,5 m. Proces kompostowania prowadzi się przez okres 4 miesięcy, utrzymując temperaturę pryzmy w granicach 20-65°C i wilgotność w granicach 40-60% stosując okresowe zraszanie. Po zakończeniu kompostowania do otrzymanego nawozu dodaje się 50 kg superfosfatu potrójnego i 100 kg siarczanu potasu. Kompost zawiera optymalny stosunek N:P:K oraz niezbędne mikroelementy: cynk, miedź, mangan, selen, dla rozwoju roślin. Kompost stosuje się w ilości 30 ton na 1 ha gleby pod uprawę warzyw.To 5 tons of substrate after mushroom production, together with the cover, 1 ton of mushroom stalks along with unusable mushroom waste, and 2 tons of leaves from trees and 1 ton of shredded shoots of trees up to a size not exceeding 1 cm, as well as 1 ton of stillage stock are added. The mixed components are placed in a pile 1 to 2 m wide and 1 to 1.5 m high. The composting process is carried out for a period of 4 months, maintaining the temperature of the pile at 20-65 ° C and humidity within 40-60% using periodic sprinkling. . After the composting is completed, 50 kg of triple superphosphate and 100 kg of potassium sulfate are added to the obtained fertilizer. Compost contains the optimal N: P: K ratio and the necessary micronutrients: zinc, copper, manganese, selenium for plant development. Compost is used in the amount of 30 tons per 1 ha of soil for growing vegetables.
P r z y k ł a d IIP r z x l a d II
Do 4,5 tony podłoża po produkcji pieczarek łącznie z okrywą dodaje się 1 tonę ogonków pieczarek wraz z nieużytecznymi odpadami pieczarek i 2 tony liści drzew, oraz 1 tonę trocin wraz z rozdro bnioną korą drzew do wielkości nieprzekraczającej 1 cm. Całość miesza się z 1,5 tony wywaru gorzelnianego. Proces kompostowania prowadzi się jak w przykładzie I. Po zakończeniu kompostowania dodaje się do otrzymanego kompostu 60 kg superfosfatu potrójnego i 50 kg soli potasowej 60%. Kompostem nawozi się glebę pod uprawę kwiatów i warzyw korzeniowych stosując 25 ton kompostu na 1 ha.After the production of mushrooms, 4.5 tons of substrate, including the cover, are supplemented with 1 ton of mushroom stalks together with unusable mushroom waste and 2 tons of tree leaves, and 1 ton of sawdust with shredded tree bark to a size not exceeding 1 cm. It is mixed with 1.5 tons of stillage. The composting process is carried out as in Example 1. After the composting is completed, 60 kg of triple superphosphate and 50 kg of 60% potassium salt are added to the obtained compost. Compost is used to fertilize the soil for the cultivation of flowers and root vegetables, using 25 tons of compost per 1 ha.
Claims (4)
Priority Applications (1)
| Application Number | Priority Date | Filing Date | Title |
|---|---|---|---|
| PL410899A PL227752B1 (en) | 2015-01-08 | 2015-01-08 | Method for utilization of wastes from the production of mushrooms |
Applications Claiming Priority (1)
| Application Number | Priority Date | Filing Date | Title |
|---|---|---|---|
| PL410899A PL227752B1 (en) | 2015-01-08 | 2015-01-08 | Method for utilization of wastes from the production of mushrooms |
Publications (2)
| Publication Number | Publication Date |
|---|---|
| PL410899A1 PL410899A1 (en) | 2016-07-18 |
| PL227752B1 true PL227752B1 (en) | 2018-01-31 |
Family
ID=56370006
Family Applications (1)
| Application Number | Title | Priority Date | Filing Date |
|---|---|---|---|
| PL410899A PL227752B1 (en) | 2015-01-08 | 2015-01-08 | Method for utilization of wastes from the production of mushrooms |
Country Status (1)
| Country | Link |
|---|---|
| PL (1) | PL227752B1 (en) |
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2015
- 2015-01-08 PL PL410899A patent/PL227752B1/en unknown
Also Published As
| Publication number | Publication date |
|---|---|
| PL410899A1 (en) | 2016-07-18 |
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