PL222583B1 - Wax microemulsion based on recycled wax and a method for its preparation - Google Patents

Abstract

The wax microemulsion contains from 25 to 45% (m/m) of recycled waxes, obtained from the processing of waste, selected polyethylene and polypropylene plastics in the process of their thermocatalytic depolymerization, and then catalytic hydrorefining of the liquid product obtained in the process of depolymerization in the form of a residual fraction containing mainly saturated hydrocarbons with a high freezing point, or mixtures of these waxes with petroleum waxes or low-oil paraffin waxes, as well as hard waxes of mineral, vegetable or synthetic origin, from 2.5 to 4% (m/m) of a non-ionic emulsifier or a mixture of two emulsifiers non-ionic C14-C18 fatty acid ethoxylates, C12-C18 fatty alcohol ethoxylates or nonylphenol ethoxylates having an HLB of about 12, from 1.0 to 2.0% (m/m) of an anionic emulsifier of the sodium alkylarylsulfonate or sodium alkylsulfosuccinate type having an HLB of from 10 to 12, from 3.0 to 8.0% (m/m) of a 10% aqueous solution of sodium hydroxide or potassium hydroxide and from 61.0 to 73.5% (m/m) of demineralized water. Also described is a method of producing a wax microemulsion consisting in dispersing in water, in the presence of emulsifiers and pH regulators, melted recycled waxes obtained from the processing of waste, selected polyethylene and polypropylene plastics, or a mixture of recycled waxes with petroleum waxes or low-oil paraffin waxes, as well as with with hard waxes of mineral, vegetable or synthetic origin, and then homogenizing the thus obtained pre-emulsion.

Description

(12) PATENT DESCRIPTION (19) PL (11) 222583 (13) B1 (51) Int.Cl.

(21) Num ^er depth ^{of the} p ^{sions: 400629} C08L 91/06 (2006.01)

C09K 3/18 (2006.01) (22) Date of notification: 03/09/2012

The patent description has been reprinted due to noticed errors

Wax microemulsion based on recycled waxes and the method of its production

(73) The right holder of the patent: INSTITUTE OF PETROLEUM AND GAS - NATIONAL RESEARCH INSTITUTE, Kraków, PL (72) Inventor (s): (43) Application was announced: HALINA SYREK, Krakow, PL March 17, 2014 BUP 06/14 ARTUR ANTOSZ, Krakow, PL JACEK KAPELAK, Krakow, PL URSZULA GAWLAK-JÓZEFCZYK, Krakow, PL WOJCIECH WILK, Świniary, PL (45) The grant of the patent was announced: ANNA BARTYZEL, Krakow, PL August 31, 2016 WUP 08/16 JAN LUBOWICZ, Krakow, PL MAŁGORZATA LACHMAN, Wieliczka, PL ŁUKASZ JĘCZMIONEK, Krakow, PL (74) Representative: item. stalemate. Anna Doskoczyńska-Groyecka

PL 222 583 B1

Description of the invention

The subject of the invention is a wax microemulsion based on recycled waxes and a method for the production of this wax microemulsion, intended to protect various materials, especially fibrous materials such as furniture boards, veneers, yarns and other natural fibers against moisture and other factors. atmospheric.

Recycled waxes in the present description mean waxes derived from the processing of waste, selected polyethylene and polypropylene plastics.

The basic components of known wax microemulsions for impregnating fibrous materials are various petroleum waxes and substances containing petroleum waxes, such as slack wax with low oil content, as well as hard waxes of mineral (e.g. Mo ntana wax), vegetable (e.g. Carnauba wax) or synthetic waxes, including in particular oxidized or non-oxidized polyethylene wax.

The group of synthetic waxes suitable for the production of wax emulsions also includes residual products of a wax nature, derived from the recycling of waste polyolefin materials, i.e. waste polyethylene or polypropylene, in the form of used flexible packaging, used films as well as industrial waste and scrap.

There are many technical solutions regarding the process of depolymerization of plastics, the main purpose of which is to obtain fuel fractions, especially diesel fuel components.

A number of solutions concern the depolymerization process towards the production of light fuel fractions and heavy fractions, which in further operations can be divided into an oil fraction and a wax fraction.

For example, the solution according to the patent description PL-191650 concerns a method of processing plastics in the process of thermal or catalytic cracking and then catalytic hydrogenation of the obtained gaseous and liquid products towards the production of engine fuel components, i.e. gasoline and diesel fuels.

The subject of the patent application WO 02010049824 (analogue PL-211917) is a system for thermolysis of waste plastics and a method of continuous thermolysis, the products of this process are: a light hydrocarbon fraction with a boiling point of up to 180 ° C and a heavy hydrocarbon fraction with a temperature of boiling above 180 ° C.

The solution according to the application WO 2010136850, concerning the system for thermolysis of waste plastics and the method of thermolysis of waste plastics, is similar to the above-mentioned solution, except that the thermolysis products are subjected to hydrotreatment, secondary separation and finishing operations, obtaining, inter alia, the C24 + wax fraction. which is preferably mixed with heavy oils and subjected to a catalytic dewaxing process.

The patent application US 2012016169 discloses that waxes and base oils for the production of lubricants are obtained as a result of the catalytic depolymerization process of waste plastics.

Among the solutions for the depolymerization of plastics, and then the hydrotreatment of the obtained products of their decomposition and the secondary division of these products into a light fraction (fuel) and a heavy fraction (oil and wax), no solution has been found in which the obtained wax fraction is used to produce wax emulsions.

There are commonly known solutions for the production of wax emulsions based on mineral waxes: petroleum and earth waxes, natural and synthetic polar and non-polar waxes, with the use of ionic and non-ionic emulsifiers and their mixtures. Wax emulsions intended for impregnating fibrous materials usually contain from 20 to 60% (m / m) of wax and 3-10% of surfactants and are characterized by excellent hydrophobic properties, easy penetration into the fibers of the materials and their effective protection.

The solution according to the patent description PL 186522 concerns a wax emulsion for impregnation, containing 25-35% (m / m) of petroleum waxes, 4-6% synthetic oxidized wax, a cationic emulsifier obtained by reaction of stoichiometric amounts of stearin, olein and triethanolamine and a supplementary emulsifier: cationic or anionic.

According to the solution US 2006258558, the wax emulsion for treating textile fibers and textiles contains 15-30% (m / m) of a mixture of waxes with a melting point of 35 ° C to 60 ° C, 10-20% (m / m) of emulsifiers from groups of alkyl or alkenyl oligoglycocides or alkyl sulfate ethers

And 1-10% (m / m) of C12-C22 fatty acid ester-type crystallization regulators such as glycerols, polyglycerols or sorbitans.

Patent application US 2006009535 (A1) relates to an emulsion with a protective effect on gypsum and gypsum-chipboards. The following are used as cationic emulsifiers: heterocyclic compounds containing nitrogen and sulfur of the thiazole, imidazoles, isothiazoles with C1-C6 alkyl or alkoxy, amino, alkylamino, naphthyl, phenyl or alkoxyphenyl radicals.

In US 2005132926 relating to an anti-wetting composition for drainage protection, the subject emulsion comprises a wax and a non-ionic (nonylphenol ethoxylate) and anionic (sodium alkylarylsulfonate) surfactant composition.

The solution according to the application US 2003131763 (A1) is a wax emulsion for the protection of gypsum formulations, containing a wax composition with at least one oxidized wax, a starch complex compound, a polymerized alkylphenol, a strong base and a small amount of co-surfactant.

According to the present invention, the process consists in producing a wax emulsion based on recovered waxes, derived from the processing of waste, selected polyethylene and polypropylene materials, i.e. from the process of their thermocatalytic depolymerization, and then catalytic hydrotreatment of the liquid product obtained in the depolymerization process, i.e. heavy fraction. (residual fraction) consisting mainly of high pour point saturated hydrocarbons.

In accordance with the invention, to obtain the recovered wax constituting the base wax of the subject wax microemulsion, the waste polyolefin polyethylene and polypropylene plastics are selected to eliminate impurities, and then ground, melted and fed to a depolymerization reactor. The technology of thermocatalytic depolymerization consists in converting the polymer chain of polyethylene and polypropylene [-CH2-CH2-] _n and [-CH2-CH (CH3) -] _{n materials} to a mixture of saturated and unsaturated paraffinic hydrocarbons with a chain length of C ₁ to C ₆₀ .

The process is carried out in the presence of an Al / Al2O3 type catalyst, at temperatures from 250 ° C to 450 ° C and at a pressure of 0.1 + 0.2 MPa.

The product obtained as a result of decomposition (depolymerization) usually contains impurities, which are compounds of chlorine and nitrogen, the presence of which results from the not fully effective selection of plastics and the entry of admixtures of plastics containing heteroatoms, e.g. polyvinyl chloride, into the process.

The depolymerization product is distilled into a gasoline fraction, a fuel fraction and a residual fraction. The residual fraction, an intermediate for obtaining waxes, contains saturated and unsaturated paraffinic hydrocarbons with a chain length of more than C ₁₈ . The starting temperature for distillation of this fraction is between 270 and 280 ° C.

In order to eliminate unsaturated bonds as well as possible impurities, the crude residual fraction (heavy fraction) from the thermocatalytic depolymerization process is subjected to catalytic hydrotreatment. During this process, impurities (chlorine, sulfur, nitrogen compounds) are removed from the raw fraction, and unsaturated bonds occurring in paraffin chains and trace amounts of aromatic hydrocarbons are hydrogenated, which improves the color and smell of this product.

The catalytic hydrotreating process is carried out with the use of nickel-molybdenum (NiMo / Al ₂ O ₃ ) or cobalt-molybdenum (CoMo / Al ₂ O ₃ ) catalysts. The operating conditions are as follows: catalyst bed temperature of 300 to 350 ° C, space velocity of the feedstock flow of 0.5 to 3.0 h ^-, a pressure of from 3.0 to 9.0 MPa, the ratio of hydrogen / feedstock of from 100 to 1500 The obtained product is then subjected to a stabilization process in order to remove light gaseous hydrocarbons (C ₁ + C ₄ ) and gasoline hydrocarbons (C ₅ +).

The final product of the hydrotreating process is a hydrocarbon fraction with a boiling range from 270 ° C to 600 ° C, determined by the GC method according to ASTM D 6352, it contains only saturated hydrocarbons, including more than 25% (m / m) of n-paraffin hydrocarbons, determined by the GC method according to ASTM D 5442.

Fraction has a solidification point above 40 ° C, determined according to ASTM D 938, ₂ and a kinematic viscosity at 100 ° C in the range of 3.30 to 3.50 mm / s, determined according to DIN EN ISO 3104.

It was found that on the basis of the above-described hydrocarbon fraction, i.e. recovered waxes, using a mixture of one or two non-ionic emulsifiers having an HLB of about 12 and one anionic emulsifier with an HLB in the range of 10-12, as well as additives allowing to obtain the pH of the microemulsion at the level of 8.0 to 9.0 i. e. an aqueous solution

In the process of initial mixing of ingredients and then high-pressure or ultrasonic homogenization, or mechanical homogenization with a stirrer with a rotor-stator homogenizing tip and shock cooling of the produced product, it is possible to obtain a stable wax microemulsion with good properties physicochemical, i.e. a relatively low dynamic viscosity and a solid particle size below 0.5 micrometers, as well as favorable performance properties - good water resistance and high impregnability index.

A wax microemulsion containing petroleum waxes or mixtures of petroleum waxes with earth and / or vegetable waxes and / or synthetic waxes, emulsifiers, pH regulators and water, which is the subject of the invention, is characterized by the fact that it contains from 25 to 45% (m / m ) recovered waxes produced in a cycle of two processes, i.e. thermocatalic depolymerization carried out in the presence of an Al / Al2O3 type catalyst, at temperatures from 250 ° C to 450 ° C and a pressure of 0.1: 0.2 MPa and catalytic hydrotreatment of the residual fraction , obtained from depolymerization, carried out with the use of nickel-molybdenum (NiMo / Al2O3) or cobalt-molybdenum (CoMo / Al ₂ O ₃ ) catalysts under the conditions of the catalyst bed temperature from 300 to 350 ° C, the raw material volume velocity from 0.5 to 3.0 h ^- , a pressure from 3.0 to 9.0 MPa and a hydrogen / raw material ratio from 100 to 1500, including the final stabilization process, or contains mixtures of these waxes with petroleum waxes or slack waxes paraffinic, low-oil, as well as hard waxes of mineral, vegetable or synthetic waxes.

In addition, this microemulsion contains 2.5 to 4% (m / m) of a non-ionic emulsifier or a mixture of two non-ionic emulsifiers of the C14-C18 fatty acid ethoxylate, C12-C18 fatty alcohol ethoxylate or nonylphenol ethoxylate, showing an HLB of 11.5 to 12 5, from 1.0 to 2.0% (m / m) of an anionic emulsifier of the sodium alkylarylsulfonate or sodium alkylsulfosuccinate type, having an HLB of 10 to 12, from 3.0 to 8.0% (m / m) of water, 10 % sodium hydroxide or potassium hydroxide solution and from 61.0 to 73.5% (m / m) of demineralized water.

The method of producing a wax microemulsion consisting in mixing a molten petroleum wax or a mixture of petroleum waxes with earth and / or vegetable waxes and / or synthetic waxes and dispersing them in water in the presence of emulsifiers and pH regulators, the subject of the invention is characterized by the fact that it consists in melting of recovered waxes or their mixture with petroleum waxes, as well as hard waxes of mineral or vegetable origin or synthetic waxes, in the amount of 20 to 45% (m / m) of the finished product, with the addition of 2.5-4.0 % (m / m) of one or two non-ionic emulsifiers of the C14-C18 fatty acid ethoxylate, C12-C18 fatty alcohol ethoxylate or nonylphenol ethoxylated, showing an HLB of about 12, heating this mixture diaphragmically to a temperature of about 85-95 ° C using continuous stirring, adding thereto in portions of demineralized water at a temperature of 85 to 95 ° C, in an amount of 61.0 to 73.5% (m / m), containing from 1.0 to 2.0% (m / m) of an anionic emulsifier of the sodium alkylarylsulfonate or sodium alkylsulfosuccinate type, showing an HLB of 10 to 12, followed by gradual incorporation into the prepared pre-emulsion of 1.0 to 8.0% (m / m) of 10% aqueous sodium hydroxide or potassium hydroxide to adjust the pH to 8.0 to 9.0 and further mixing this emulsion for a period of 40 minutes using mixing speeds of 150 to 300 rpm.

The pre-emulsion thus obtained is subjected to a two-stage pressure homogenization process using pressures of 150 to 200 bar in the first stage and 50 bar in the second stage of homogenization.

Instead of high-pressure homogenization, the method can employ sonic homogenization using ultrasound at a frequency of 24 kHz.

The prepared pre-emulsion can also be subjected to a mechanical homogenization process using a rotor-stator homogenizing tip and a mixing speed ranging from 1000 to 3000 rpm.

After each of the homogenization processes used, the produced wax microemulsion is subjected to shock cooling under atmospheric pressure conditions, preferably in an efficient water cooler.

The obtained wax microemulsion is homogeneous and stable for a very long period of storage. Depending on the amount of emulsifiers used, homogenization parameters and the obtained pH, the average size of the dispersed wax particles in the produced

The size of the microemulsions is between 0.2 and 0.5 micrometers. The produced microemulsions are characterized by low dynamic viscosities, which has a positive effect on their fluidity and the ability to penetrate the structure of the impregnated materials.

The production of wax microemulsions based on recycled waxes allows for obtaining products with good performance properties, suitable for use in various industries, as well as for the management of recycling products for used packaging and polyolefin films. Thus, the production of wax microemulsions based on recycled waxes is a pro-ecological activity.

P r z k ł a d I

300 g of recovered waxes were introduced into a mixer with a capacity of 2 liters, equipped with a turbine agitator with adjustable rotational speed and a heating jacket, and heating was started. After melting, 15 g of ethoxylated (EO = 4) saturated fatty alcohol with a hydrocarbon chain length of C12-C14 and 15 g of a mixture of ethoxylated (EO = 22) fatty alcohols: saturated and unsaturated, with a hydrocarbon chain length of C16 were added to it with constant stirring. -C18. To this mixture, heated to 90 ° C and stirred intensively with a turbine stirrer, 625 g of deionized water, containing 10 g of sodium dodecylbenzenesulfonate and 35 g of a 10% aqueous NaOH solution were added in small portions. It was mixed for 15 minutes at 90 ° C and then passed through a high-pressure homogenizer operating in a two-stage system, with a capacity of 20 liters / hour, at the pressure in the first stage: 150 bar, and in the second stage: 50 bar. The exiting microemulsion exiting the homogenizer was intensively chilled in a spiral water cooler. The obtained E-1 microemulsion, with a temperature of about 40 ° C, was placed in a cylindrical separator with a capacity of 1 L. After 24 hours, tests of the physicochemical and functional properties of this microemulsion were carried out, the results of which are presented in Table 1.

P r z x l a d II

400 g of a mixture containing 300 g of recovered waxes and 100 slack wax with a solidification point of 53.5 ° C and an oil content of 3.89% were introduced into a mixer with a capacity of 2 liters, equipped with a turbine stirrer with adjustable rotational speed and a heating jacket. (m / m) and heating started. 15 g of C14-C16 fatty acid ethoxylated (EO = 3) and nonylphenol ethoxylated (EO = 22) 15 g were added to the molten wax blend with constant stirring. To this mixture, heated to 85 ° C and stirred intensively with a turbine stirrer, 525 g of demineralized water containing 15 g of sodium dodecylsulfosuccinate and 30 g of a 10% aqueous solution of NaOH were added in small portions. The mixture was stirred for 20 minutes at a temperature of about 85 ° C and then subjected to ultrasonic waves at a frequency of 24.4 kHz in a 400 W static homogenizer for 30 minutes using constant pulsation and full power of the device. The finished microemulsion was passed through a water condenser. The obtained E-2 microemulsion, cooled to a temperature of about 40 ° C, was placed in a cylinder-shaped separator with a capacity of 1 L. After 24 hours, tests of the physicochemical and functional properties of this microemulsion were carried out, the results of which are presented in Table 1.

P r x l a d III

Into the Dispermat mixer container with a rotor-stator type homogenizing tip with adjustable speed of rotation from 50 to 20,000 1 / min, equipped with a heating jacket with a heating medium circulating through a thermostat - silicone oil, 200 g of a wax mixture containing 150 g of recycled wax fraction and 50 g of partially oxidized polyethylene wax having a pour point of 98 ° C and heating and mixing at 300 rpm was started. 15 g of ethoxylated (EO = 3) nonylphenol and 15 g of ethoxylated (EO = 22) nonylphenol were introduced into the melt wax mixture at a temperature of about 95 ° C with constant stirring. In a second rack-mounted mixer, equipped with a turbine stirrer and a heating jacket, a mixture of 700 g of demineralized water containing 15 g of sodium dodecylbenzene sulphonate and 55 g of a 10% aqueous NaOH solution was prepared. This mixture, heated to 95 ° C, was introduced in small portions into the mixture of waxes with emulsifiers. The resulting pre-emulsion was homogenized for a period of 30 minutes at a temperature of about 90 ° C using high stirring speeds, in the range of 1500 rpm. The finished microemulsion was passed through an intensively operated water condenser. The obtained E-3 microemulsion, showing a temperature of about 40 ° C, was placed in a cylindrical separator with a capacity of 1 L. After 24 hours,

The physicochemical and functional properties of this microemulsion were tested, the results of which are presented in Table 1.

T a b l i c a 1

Emulsion Content wax, [% (m / m)] pH Viscosity dynamic [mPs] S-61,100 rpm. Dynamic diameter of the wax particle (Z-average) [pm] Waterproof [min.] Capacity down impregnation E-1 thirty 8.5 13.9 (at 20 ° C) 8.3 (at 40 ° C) 0.301 thirty (the emulsion film breaks off in the form of several pieces) 1.32 E-2 40 8.8 52.3 (at 20 ° C) 43.6 (at 40 ° C) 0.210 thirty (the emulsion film breaks off in the form of several pieces) 1.34 E-3 twenty 9.1 210.0 (at 20 ° C) 147.0 (at 40 ° C) 0.379 40 (the emulsion film breaks off as one piece) 2.01

The pH of the microemulsion was measured according to the PN-89 / C-04963 standard "Determination of the pH of aqueous solutions of chemical products".

The dynamic viscosity of the microemulsion was determined with a Brookfield viscometer (S-61, 100 rpm) at 20 ° C.

Measurements of the hydrodynamic diameter of the wax particles in the microemulsion (Z-avarage) were made by photon correlation spectroscopy, also called dynamic laser light scattering (DLS), using the Zetasizer Nano S apparatus, according to the procedure based on the standardized research method PN-ISO 13321 "Analysis granulometric. Photon Correlation Spectroscopy ".

The water resistance of the wax microemulsion was tested by the method of completely immersing the 2 mm thick emulsion layer on a glass plate in water, and determining the time after which this layer was detached in pieces or in the form of a sheet (whole) from the glass surface (the moment of loss of adhesiveness) . This determination is based on the ASTM D 870-05 method “Practice for Testing Water Resistance of Coatings Using Water Immersion.

The determination of the impregnation capacity of wax microemulsions consisted in comparing the water absorption efficiency of pine wood blocks, including a raw block and a block previously impregnated with the investigated microemulsion. The research was based on the method described in ASTM D 4446 "Method for determining the Anti-Swelling Effectivenes of Water-Repellent Formulations and Differential Swellingon Untreated Wood when Exposed to Liquid Water Environments".

The ratio of the weight gain of the non-impregnated block to the weight gain of the impregnated block, expressed as a percentage, was assumed as the impregnation capacity.

Claims (9)

Patent claims 1.Wax microemulsion, containing petroleum waxes or mixtures of petroleum waxes with earth and / or vegetable waxes and / or synthetic waxes, emulsifiers, pH regulators and water, characterized in that it contains from 25 to 45% (m / m) of waxes derived from recovery of selected polyethylene and polypropylene plastics obtained from the processing of waste, in the process of their thermocatalytic depolymerization, and then catalytic hydrotreatment of the liquid product obtained in the depolymerization process in the form of a residual fraction, containing mainly high-temperature saturated hydrocarbons Or mixtures of these waxes with petroleum waxes or low-oil paraffin waxes, as well as hard waxes of mineral, vegetable or synthetic wax origin, from 2.5 to 4% (m / m) of a non-ionic emulsifier or a mixture of two non-ionic emulsifiers of the type C14-C18 fatty acid ethoxylates, C12-C18 fatty alcohol ethoxylates or nonylphenol ethoxylates having an HLB of about 12, 1.0 to 2.0% (m / m) of an anionic sodium alkylarylsulfonate or sodium alkyl sulfosuccinate type emulsifier having an HLB of 10 to 12, from 3.0 to 8.0% (m / m) of an aqueous 10% solution of sodium hydroxide or potassium hydroxide and from 61.0 to 73.5% (m / m) of demineralized water. 2. A wax microemulsion according to claim 1 The method of claim 1, characterized in that the process of thermocatalytic depolymerization of waste polyolefins is carried out in the presence of a catalyst of the Al / Al2O3 type, at temperatures from 250 ° C to 450 ° C and pressure of 0.1-0.2 MPa. 3. A wax microemulsion according to claim 1, The method of claim 1, characterized in that the catalytic hydrotreatment of the residual fraction obtained from the depolymerization process is carried out with the use of nickel-molybdenum (NiMo / AbO3) or cobalt-molybdenum (CoMo / Al2O3) catalysts, at a catalyst bed temperature of 300 to 350 ° C , raw material flow rate from 0.5 to 3.0 h ^- , pressure from 3.0 to 9.0 MPa and hydrogen / raw material ratio from 100 to 1500. 4. A wax microemulsion according to claim 1, The process of claim 1, wherein the product of the catalytic hydrotreating of the residual fraction is subjected to a stabilization process. 5. A method of producing a wax microemulsion, which consists in mixing a molten petroleum wax or a mixture of petroleum waxes with earth and / or vegetable waxes and / or synthetic waxes and dispersing them in water in the presence of emulsifiers and pH regulators, characterized in that the molten waxes derived from recovery of selected polyethylene and polypropylene plastics obtained from the processing of waste materials in the process of their thermocatalytic depolymerization, and then catalytic hydrotreatment of the liquid product obtained in the depolymerization process in the form of a residual fraction containing mainly saturated hydrocarbons with a high solidification point, or a mixture of waxes with recovery or low-oil paraffin waxes, as well as hard waxes of mineral or vegetable origin or synthetic waxes, in the amount of 20 to 45% (m / m) of the finished product, added from 2.5 to 4.0% (m / m) ) one or two non-ion emulsifiers These types of ethoxylated C14-C18 fatty acids, ethoxylated C12-C18 fatty alcohols or ethoxylated nonylphenols having an HLB of about 12, diaphragm heating this mixture in a tank to a temperature of about 85-95 ° C, using continuous agitation with a turbine or propeller agitator, and then added demineralized water with a temperature of 85 to 95 ° C, in an amount of 61.0 to 73.5% (m / m), containing from 1.0 to 2.0% (m / m) of an anionic emulsifier of the type sodium alkylarylsulfonate or sodium alkylsulfosuccinate having an HLB of 10 to 12; from 3.0 to 8.0% (m / m) of an aqueous 10% solution of sodium hydroxide or potassium hydroxide is dosed into the mixture prepared to obtain a pH in the range from 8.0 to 9.0, and the mixture is continued to be mixed for 40 minutes, using mixing speeds of 150-300 rpm, the resulting pre-emulsion is then homogenized. 6. A method for producing a wax microemulsion according to claim 1, Process according to claim 5, characterized in that the pre-emulsion is subjected to a two-stage pressure process using pressures of 150 to 200 bar in the first stage and 50 bar in the second stage of homogenization. A method for producing a wax microemulsion according to claim 1, The process of claim 5, characterized in that the pre-emulsion is subjected to a sonic homogenization process using ultrasound at a frequency of 24 kHz. 8. A method for producing a wax microemulsion according to claim 1, 5. A method according to claim 5, characterized in that the pre-emulsion is subjected to a mechanical homogenization process using a rotor-stator homogenizing tip and a mixing speed ranging from 1000 to 2000 rpm. 9. A method for producing a wax microemulsion according to claim 1. 5. The method of claim 5, 6, 7 or 8, characterized in that, after the homogenization process, the produced wax microemulsion is subjected to shock cooling under atmospheric pressure conditions, preferably in an effective water cooler.