PL214302B1 - Wind power plant - Google Patents

Description

(22) Date of notification: May 22, 2006 (19) PL (11) 214302 (13) B1 (51) Int.Cl.

F03D 1/02 (2006.01) F03D 11/02 (2006.01) F03D 9/00 (2006.01)

Patent Office of the Republic of Poland (54)

Wind power plant

(73) The right holder of the patent: SILESIAN UNIVERSITY OF TECHNOLOGY, Gliwice, PL (72) Inventor (s): (43) Application was announced: TADEUSZ GLINKA, Gliwice, PL November 26, 2007 BUP 24/07 EUGENIUSZ ŚWITOŃSKI, Gliwice, PL STANISŁAW PIECUCH, Gliwice, PL WLADYSŁAW PIECUCH, Tarnowskie Góry, PL ANTONI JĘDO, Gliwice, PL (45) The grant of the patent was announced: ARTUR JERZAK, Gliwice, PL 31.07.2013 WUP 07/13 ZBIGNIEW POTOCZNY, Gliwice, PL JERZY RACZYŃSKI, Zabrze, PL (74) Representative: item. stalemate. Urszula Ziółkowska

PL 214 302 B1

Description of the invention

The subject of the invention is a wind power plant adapted to low wind speeds.

There are known solutions of wind power plants with a blade wind turbine and a horizontal axis of rotation. The number of blades used is from one to four, with three blades being the most common. These types of turbines begin to rotate at wind speeds greater than 4 m / s and operate up to wind speeds of around 20 m / s. Ring turbines with several dozen blades and a horizontal axis of rotation are also known. Ring turbines rotate at a wind speed of about 1 m / s, but the allowable safe upper wind speed is several m / s. A blade or ring wind turbine drives, via a mechanical transmission, an asynchronous or synchronous electric generator. The wind turbine, mechanical transmission and electric generator are usually placed on a movable, about a vertical axis, nacelle at the top of the tower. This solution raises the center of gravity of the entire structure on which the wind farm is placed and makes it difficult to access the wind farm. Electric generator with a horizontal axis must have power output through slip rings, which reduce the reliability of its operation. It is known from the patent WO 96/00349 A1 a vertical arrangement of the generator in a tower with a wind turbine with a horizontal axis. In this case, the generator is coupled to the shaft of the wind turbine via an angular gear.

The wind power plant according to the invention, consisting of a steel or reinforced concrete tower with a rotating nacelle, a wind turbine, a two-stage mechanical transmission, a turntable, a transmission shaft, an electric generator located vertically, is characterized in that the wind turbine has two turbines: a blade and a ring one, located on opposite sides nacelle and mounted on a common horizontal shaft, on which is also mounted a two-stage mechanical transmission. The two-stage mechanical gear of the wind power plant consists of a planetary gear and an angular gear, where the large gear of the planetary gear is mounted on a common shaft with the wind turbines, and the small gear of the planetary gear is rigidly connected by a hollow shaft to the large gear of the bevel gear, and the small gear of the bevel gear is connected, via a clutch, to the vertical transmission shaft. The ring turbine blades are attached to the supporting structure by means of mechanical fuses.

An example of a wind turbine solution according to the invention is shown in Fig. 1 to Fig. 4, in which there are drawn: Fig. 1 - construction diagram of a wind farm, Fig. 2 - three-blade wind turbine, Fig. 3 - ring wind turbine and Fig. 4 - annular turbine blade. The basis of the wind power plant is a steel or reinforced concrete tower (9), ended with a gondola (4) mounted on a turntable (10). On the nacelle (4) there are power devices of the wind power plant: a blade turbine (1) and a ring turbine (2) and a two-stage mechanical transmission. The blade turbine (1) and the ring turbine (2) are located on opposite sides of the nacelle (4) and are mounted on a common horizontal shaft (3), on which a two-stage mechanical transmission is also mounted, which consists of a planetary gear (5) and the angular gear (6). Under the nacelle (4) there is a turntable (10) driven by an electric motor (SE) through a self-locking worm gear (11). The large gear (12) of the planetary gear (5) is fixed on the shaft (3), and the small gear (13) of the planetary gear (5) is rigidly connected to the hollow shaft (14) with the large gear (15) of the gear angular (6). The shaft (3) of the wind turbine passes through the hollow shaft (14). The small gear (16) of the bevel gear (6) is connected via a clutch (17) to the vertical transmission shaft (7). The vertical transmission shaft (7) is connected via a cardan shaft (18) to the shaft of the electric generator GE (8) of vertical construction. The design of wind turbines is standard. A bladed turbine (1) is three bladed as shown in Fig. 2, it may also have a different number of blades. The ring turbine (2) has several dozen airfoils as shown in Fig. 3. The shape of the airfoils (19) of the ring turbine (2) is rectangular as in Fig. 4. The blades (19) can be made of any material, e.g. sheet metal, plexiglass, and even sailcloth. The airfoils (19) are fixed to the ring turbine's supporting structure (2) by means of safety fasteners. If the blades (19) of the annular turbine (2) are made of sailcloth, the seams (20) can be used as fuses, as shown in Fig. 4. The wind turbines (1) and (2) are placed on both sides of the nacelle ( 4) and load the turntable, through the double-cantilever shaft (3), evenly around the circumference at any angle of its twist in relation to the tower (9). The small wheel shaft (16) of the bevel gear (6) and the vertical transmission shaft (7) lie in the rotational axis of the nacelle (4).

PL 214 302 B1

The wind power plant constructed according to the invention will already operate at wind speeds of about 1 m / s and higher. At low wind speeds, the torque will be generated by the ring turbine (2). At wind speeds of 4 m / s and higher, both turbines (1) and (2) will work actively, while the wind speed on the blades (19) of the ring turbine (2) will be correspondingly lower, because the wind loses a significant part of the energy on the blade turbine (1). ). The rotational speed of the shaft (3) of the wind turbines (1) and (2) is low, a few to several revolutions per minute. The two-stage mechanical transmission (5) and (6) increases the rotational speed of the electric generator (8) about 10 times. The generator (8) will run between 100 and 200 rpm. The angular gear (6), with the axis of the small gear wheel (16), lying in the axis of rotation of the nacelle (4), enables the positioning of the electric generator (8), of vertical construction, also in the axis of rotation of the nacelle (4), thus the electric generator (8) ) can be fixed to the foundation of the tower (9) and the electrical power output from the generator (8) does not require slip rings. The turntable (10) performs two functions: at wind speeds up to about 20 m / s, it positions the wind turbines (1) and (2) perpendicular to the wind, and during hurricane winds it positions the wind turbines (1) and (2) parallel to the direction of the wind. them like this from being destroyed. The ring turbine (2) is a slow-speed turbine, more susceptible to damage at high wind speeds, therefore it should have additional protection. An additional protection of the ring turbine (2) against damage in ^: during a hurricane wind may be mechanical fuses (20) installed on the blades (19) or on the connectors fixing the blades (19) to the supporting structure of the ring turbine (2). In the case of the sailcloth panels (19), additional seams (20) can be used as fuses.

Claims (3)

Patent claims 1. A wind power plant consisting of a steel or reinforced concrete tower ended with a rotating nacelle, a wind turbine, a two-stage mechanical transmission, a turntable, a transmission shaft and an electric generator, characterized in that the wind turbine has two turbines: blade (1) and ring (2) located on opposite sides of the nacelle (4) and mounted on a common horizontal shaft (3), on which is also mounted a two-stage mechanical transmission. 2. A wind farm according to claim 1. The method of claim 1, characterized in that the mechanical gear consists of a planetary gear (5) and an angular gear (6), the large gear wheel (12) of the planetary gear (5) being mounted on a common shaft (3) with a blade turbine (1). and ring gear (2), and the small gear (13) of the planetary gear (5) is rigidly connected to the hollow shaft (14) with the large gear (15) of the bevel gear (6), and the small gear (16) of the bevel gear (6) is connected, via a clutch (17), to the vertical transmission shaft (7). 3. A wind farm according to claim The ring turbine (2) as claimed in claim 1, characterized in that the ring turbine (2) has airfoils (19) attached to the supporting structure by mechanical fuses (20).