PL190208B1 - Method of extinguishing fires in woodland areas - Google Patents

Abstract

A powder and sand fire extinguishing bomb, used for extinguishing forest fires, consisting of a bag, filled with an extinguishing agent, characterised in that the bag (1) with a volume of 100kg, contains a mix (2) of fire extinguishing powder and sand in a following proportion: 60 percent of the extinguishing powder and 40 percent of sand, an explosive charge (3) in a conical shape, with a lid (5) in the upper part. The lid has a through-hole (6) and a socket (7) is fixed inside the lid (5). The explosive charge is equipped with a detonator (8), connected to an igniting fuse (9), whereby the bag (1) is fitted with clamping belt (14), made of rubber strengthened with fabric. The belt has a longitudinal hole (15), a ball catch (16) and holes for the ball catch. 5. A method of extinguishing forest fires, consisting of transporting and then dropping the fire extinguishing agent from an aircraft onto the fire hazard zone, characterised in that the extinguishing agent, which is a powder and sand fire extinguishing bomb, consisting of a mix of an extinguishing powder and sand, placed in a bag (1) with an explosive charge (3), which is connected to a powder fuse (9), is dropped from the aircraft over the fire zone. The bomb enters the flame area while falling down, which causes the powder fuse (9), protruding from the bag, to ignite. The burning time of the powder fuse until the denotation time is conditioned by the powder fuse length. The detonation triggered by explosive charge reaction tears the powder and sand bomb apart, making the sand and the extinguishing agent fall down directly onto the fire zone.

Description

The subject of the invention is a powder-sand extinguishing bomb used to extinguish fires in forest areas and other terrain surfaces and a method of extinguishing forest areas under fire.

The previously known methods of extinguishing fires in large areas affected by fire are based on the transport of water by means of aircraft, i.e. fire planes or helicopters, over the endangered area, and then discharge of water from an acceptable height onto the fire area. Conducting firefighting actions using known methods is conditioned by the shape and location of the area covered by the fire. Often times, rescue units are unable to reach the scene of a fire, for example because access to unpaved areas is difficult or because of other natural or artificial obstacles. Moreover, with the use of a traditional extinguishing agent, which is water, the life of drinking water in the area affected by the disaster increases, which is taken from the intakes for the purpose of rescue. Often, its delivery is sometimes difficult due to the long distances of water intakes from the places covered by the fire. This reduces the effectiveness of extinguishing actions. Additionally, the very high temperature of the flames makes it impossible to carry out the action in close proximity to the area of the flames. On the other hand, water discharged from a longer distance is blown away by the wind and, as a result of high temperature, transformed into steam, without reaching the lowest parts affected by the fire. Moreover, the vapor combined with the smoke creates a heavy cloud suspended above the fire area, reducing visibility.

It is also known from the Polish invention no. 127 764, entitled A "fire damper" provided with a shutter with a fusible lock, comprising a support frame connected to a container filled with backfill, preferably sand. The container is divided in its vertical axis by diaphragms, and on the side walls it has a charging opening ended with a flange to which a flexible bag is attached, folded and permanently folded, with a size not smaller than that of the required fire barrier. The disadvantage of this solution is its use only in the passages of ventilation ducts through vertical fire partitions, and also only one use in the event of one fire

The method of extinguishing forest areas covered by a fire consists in dropping a powder-sand extinguishing bomb consisting of a mixture of extinguishing powder and sand, placed in a bag, preferably jute with a dense weave or foil, with an explosive charge, armed with a primer connected to a gunpowder fuse, above the flame zone. by plane, fire helicopter. The powder-sand extinguishing bomb, falling down, enters the flame zone, which ignites the gunpowder fuse protruding from the bag, and the fuse burning time until detonation depends on its length. Detonation, caused by the igniter's reaction, disrupts the powder-sand bomb, dropping sand directly onto the area covered with fire.

A powder-sand extinguishing bomb consists of a bag, preferably jute or foil, with a capacity of 100 kg, filled with a mixture of extinguishing powder, used in general firefighting, combined with sand in the proportion of 60% extinguishing powder and 40% sand. The explosive charge placed in the bag has the shape of a cone made of hardened paper with a concave bottom. It contains an explosive charge in the form of TNT weighing up to 300 g. The cone has a lid in the upper part with a through hole, with a sleeve for placing an igniter charge in it, connected to a gunpowder fuse, with a length that guarantees detonation above the fire source. The lid closes the sleeve opening, protecting the charge and the gunpowder fuse against moisture.

The filled and armed bag is equipped with a roller with a vertical opening through which the gunpowder fuse is inserted. The roller is connected to a tube whose cap connects the sleeve to the cone body. The tube connected with the roller form a whole. They are stiffened and made of plastic, which protects the gunpowder fuse and the explosive against moisture.

The bag is equipped with a clamp made of rubber, reinforced with a fabric, with a longitudinal hole for passing one end of the strap, a ball hook and holes for a ball hook, enabling the bag to be tied. The powder-sand fire-fighting bomb is carried by means of stretchers made of flexible fabric, preferably tent fabric, with plastic handles, mounted on metal rods, preferably steel or aluminum, placed in the fabric cutouts.

The method of extinguishing forest areas covered by fire with a powder-sand extinguishing bomb according to the invention allows for effective extinguishing of forest areas affected by fire regardless of terrain conditions, using extinguishing powder and sand as raw materials available in firefighting. Sand, unlike water, does not change its state of aggregation, being an effective agent used in extinguishing operations. The easy availability of raw materials by fire crews also allows the preparation of a supply of powder-sand bombs without the need to transport from further areas in the event of a fire, as is the case with the use of water as an extinguishing agent. This shortens the time of actions taken during firefighting actions, increasing the effectiveness of actions taken. Use of a stretcher with handles for carrying

190,208 powder-sand bombs can be easily transported by two people, eliminating the need to carry bags on the back, especially in mountainous areas.

Powder-sand extinguishing bomb with a stretcher according to the invention, in an exemplary embodiment is shown in the drawing, in which Fig. 1 shows a vertical section of a powder-sand extinguishing bomb, Fig. 2 shows a front view of the explosive charge, Fig. 3 shows a vertical section of the explosive charge Fig. 4 shows a front view of the roller, Fig. 5 shows the sack clamp in a top view and in section, Fig. 6 shows the stretcher with the handles in a top view.

A powder-sand extinguishing bomb according to the invention, consists of a bag 1 filled with a mixture 2 of extinguishing powder and sand, an explosive charge 3, cone-shaped, with a concave bottom 4, in the upper part with a lid 5 having a through-hole 6, with a lid placed in the lid 5, by means of a sleeve 7, in which there is an igniter 8 connected to a powder fuse 9. The armed bag 1 is provided with a roller 10 having a vertical opening 11 through which the powder fuse 9 is inserted. The roller 10 is connected with a tube 12, the cap of which 13 connects the sleeve 7 to the cone body.

The bag 1 is provided with a clamp strap 14 having a longitudinal opening 15, a ball hook 16 and holes 17 for a ball hook 16.

The bag 1 is transported by means of a stretcher 18 with handles 19, attached to metal bars 20, placed in the cutouts of the fabric 21.

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Publishing Department of the UP RP. Circulation of 50 copies. Price PLN 2.00.

Claims (5)

Patent claims 1. Powder-sand extinguishing bomb, used to extinguish forest fires, consisting of a bag filled with an extinguishing agent, characterized in that the bag (1) with a capacity of 100 kg contains a mixture of (2) extinguishing powder and sand in a proportion of 60% of powder up to 40% sand, explosive charge (3), cone-shaped, in the upper part with a cover (5) having a through hole (6), with a sleeve (7) placed in the cover (5), armed with an igniting cap (8) connected with a gunpowder fuse (9), the bag (1) is equipped with a clamp strap (14), made of fabric-reinforced rubber, with a longitudinal hole (15), a ball hook (16) and holes (15) for a ball hook (16) . 2. A powder-sand fire-fighting bomb according to claim The method of claim 1, characterized in that the explosive (3), made of hardened paper, placed in the bag (1) has the shape of a cone with a concave bottom (4), inside which an explosive charge (3) in the form of TNT weighing up to 300 g is placed. 3. A powder-sand fire-fighting bomb according to claim 1; The bag as claimed in claim 1 or 2, characterized in that the filled bag (1) is provided with a roller (10) having a vertical opening (11) through which a gunpowder fuse (9) is inserted, the roller (10) being connected to the tube (12). ), the cap (13) of which connects the sleeve (7) with the cone body, where the tube (12) and the roller (10) constitute a structural whole 4. A powder-sand fire-extinguishing bomb according to claim A stretcher according to claim 1, characterized in that it has a stretcher (18) for transport, with plastic handles (19), made of flexible fabric, preferably tent fabric, fixed on metal rods (20), preferably steel or aluminum, placed in the cutouts fabrics (21). 5. A method of extinguishing forest areas subject to fire, based on transporting and then dropping the extinguishing agent by means of aircraft into the area at risk of fire, characterized by the fact that the extinguishing agent is a powder-sand bomb, consisting of a mixture of (2) extinguishing powder and sand , placed in the bag (1), with an explosive charge (3) connected to the gunpowder fuse (9), is dropped from the aircraft over the fire area which, falling down, enters the flame zone, igniting the fuse protruding from the bag (1) powder fuse (9), while the time of burning the powder fuse until detonation is determined by the length of the powder fuse (9), where the detonation caused by the reaction of the explosive charge (3) breaks the powder-sand extinguishing bomb, dropping the sand with the extinguishing agent directly onto the occupied area fire.