PL177941B1 - Fabric decating method - Google Patents

Abstract

A textile fabric, opt. with an appreciable portion of wool fibres, is decatised in an autoclave together with a covering fabric while wound round a perforated decatising drum. The covering fabric is a surface structure of non-oriented fibres weighing less than 80 gm<-2> and having a water vapour permeability of more than 3500 gm<-2>/24 hours.

Description

The subject of the invention is a method of steaming a fabric made of wool or with a significant proportion of woolen fibers. The fabric with the running washer is wound on a perforated cylinder and the formed coil is heat treated in an autoclave.

In commonly known steaming methods, the beam is formed either outside the autoclave and then introduced into it, or is formed inside the autoclave, whereby it is not necessary to transport it back and forth. In this case, after the steaming process is completed, the fabric with the travel washer is removed from the perforated cylinder which remains in the autoclave.

Other technical-pressure and dimensional advantages of creating and disassembling the winding in an autoclave are described in DE-AS 17 85 460.

A common disadvantage of the hitherto known steaming methods results from the use of a stranded material for the traveling pad, the width and length dimensions of which must correspond to the dimensions of the fabric to be steamed. The pad is exposed to high pressures and temperatures, as well as to humidity and residual chemicals; especially acids with carbonization, reducing agents, surface preservatives, etc. These agents have a detrimental effect on the rootstock. In order for the pad to be able to maintain its durability for at least a limited period of use, it is made of a high-quality chemical fabric. However, this is not only costly, but also has significant further disadvantages. In order to meet the mechanical and chemical requirements, the washer should be made strong, but it is therefore relatively thick and has a correspondingly high surface weight. The thickness of the washer promotes undesirable markings on the stained fabric and also creates heat build-up, which can result in a non-uniform result in the processing. Finally, the thickness of the pad also limits the autoclave capacity for the fabric.

The object of the invention is to improve the steaming process described in the introduction in such a way that it can be carried out more economically compared to conventional methods and, moreover, qualitatively better results can be obtained.

The method of steaming a fabric made of wool or with a significant proportion of wool fibers, in which the fabric with a co-rotating pad is wound on a perforated cylinder and the formed coil is heat treated in an autoclave, is characterized according to the invention by the fact that a flat product is used for the co-rotating pad consisting of not oriented fibers 941 które177 it has a surface weight less than 80 g / m ² and the water vapor permeability is not less than 3,500 g / m2 / 24 h.

Preferably, the fabric is wound with a final moisture content of 10-100% by weight on the perforated cylinder and heat treated in that state.

Preferably, the residual moisture content of the fabric in the autoclave required during the treatment is maintained and regulated by an external steam supply.

The flat product used according to the invention for the underlay may, for example, consist of an inexpensive, fine non-woven fabric made of synthetic fibers of polypropylene or polyethylene or the like, the fibers may be joined together in the form of a needle-punched non-woven fabric, or by chemical or thermal bonding. Important is the low weight of the pad used and its good water vapor permeability. However, it is possible to resign from high mechanical strength, because the low costs associated with the production of the washer allow, while maintaining profitability, to replace it with a new one after only a few applications. In addition, commercially available inexpensive surface material suitable for shims is also recyclable, so that it can be reworked into shim material.

According to the method according to the invention, a fabric with a residual moisture of 10-100% by weight is rolled on a perforated cylinder and, in this state, subjected to a thermal process.

A particular advantage of this method is that wet-wound fabrics to be steamed do not require intermediate drying after dyeing and prior to the steaming process, but only have to be kneaded to the desired final moisture. Conventional pads, on the other hand, require intermediate drying, because their high density causes a build-up of overheating when the fabric is wet.

Finally, according to the process of the invention, the residual moisture of the fabric in the autoclave required during the process is maintained and regulated by means of an external steam supply.

In order to explain the qualitative improvements that can be achieved with the method according to the invention over the conventional method, the following tests were carried out:

1. A pure wool worsted fabric with a width of 1.60 m, a running weight of 280 g / m and correspondingly with a weight per unit area of 280 g / m: 1.60 m = 175 g / m2 was decatised using a conventional pad weighing 440 g / m2.

2. A fabric of the same type as above was dehydrated under unchanged conditions using a non-woven backing with an area weight of only 18 g / m2.

In both steaming processes, worsted fabric was introduced into the autoclave in a dry state. During the steaming process, in both cases, moisture equal to 100% by weight was introduced via steam.

Testing a sample of a fabric that has been steamed with a conventional pad (sample I) and a sample that has been steamed with a pad according to the invention (sample II) gave the average values given for the following parameters:

A. Kawabata grip definition

1. Bending strength in pNm

Sample I:

warp mean value x 7.40; weft mean value x 5.89 Sample II:

warp mean value x 7.01; thread mean value x 6.23;

2. Height of bending hysteresis in mNm / m

Sample I:

warp mean value x 0.238; thread mean value x 0.181;

standard deviation s 0.299 deviation Εί3ηόεοάοοοχ 's 0.049 standard deviation s 0.346 standard deviation s 0.03 ^ 2 ⁷ standard deviation s deviation, ηιη6ϋΑ0οο \' ε s 0.0300

177 941

Sample II:

warp mean value x 0.230; thread mean value x 0.197;

3. Wall stiffness in N / m rad

Sample I:

warp mean value x 41; thread mean value x 40;

Sample II:

warp mean value x 23; thread mean value x 22;

4. Height of shear hysteresis at 0.5 ° in N / m

Sample I:

warp mean value x 0.6; thread mean value x 0.5;

Sample II:

warp mean value x 0.4; thread mean value x 0.4;

5. Height of shear hysteresis at 5 ° in N / m

Sample I:

standard deviation s 0.0524 standard deviation s 0.0272 standard deviation s 2.0 deviation s 1.4 ot ^^^^^ i ^ ni ^ standard s 0.7 standard deviation s 1.8 tdtit ^ ł ^ yil ^ s 0.01 standard deviation s 0.01 standard deviation s 0.04 standard deviation s 0.03 standard deviation s 0.02 standard deviation s 0.05 ssanclard deviation s 0, C ^ T2 odrhhlenie standard s 0.0% basis mean value x 1.5; weft average value x 1.4 Sample II:

warp mean value x 0.6 watt mean value x 0.6;

6. Elongation from the maximum tensile force at 500 cN / cm in%

Sample I:

warp mean value x 3.7; thread mean value x 5.7;

Sample II:

warp mean value x 6.7; thread mean value x 7.9;

7. Tensile work in J / m ²

Sample I:

warp mean value x 6.6; thread mean value x 9.6;

Sample II:

warp mean value x 9.6; thread mean value x 11.4;

8. Stress relief in%

Sample I:

warp mean value x 66; thread mean value x 65;

Sample II:

warp mean value x 67; thread mean value x 67;

9. Linearity

Sample I:

warp mean value x 0.74; thread mean value x 0.69;

Sample II:

warp mean value x 0.58; thread mean value x 0.59;

Standard deviation s 0.19 Standard deviation s 0.10 Standard deviation s 0.28 Standard deviation s 0.50 c ^ dc; Ł ^ yil ^ not standard s 0.28 s ^ liyil ^ not standard s 0.10 standard deviation s 0.22 ocic ^ liyii ^ not standard s 0.47 standard deviation s 1.1 standard deviation s 0.7 standard deviation s 0.4 standard deviation s 0.3 standard deviation s 0.014 standard deviation s 0.011 standard deviation s 0.012 standard deviation s 0.013

ΪΊΊ 941 standard deviation s 0.012 standard deviation Sfcm standard deviation e 0.026 standard deviation s Standard deviation s 0.00 standard deviation s 00) 3 standard deviation s 0.004 standard deviation s 00 ^ C63 ssttmc ^ iirtOw ^ is s 0.005 standard deviation s 0.001

B. The precipitation coefficient Sample I:

mean value x 0.756;

Sample II:

mean value x 0.690;

C. Gloss grade

Sample I:

mean value x 1.38;

Sample II:

mean value x 1.25;

D. Thickness and compressibility

1. Thickness at 2 cN / cm

Sample I:

mean value x 0.391;

Sample II:

mean value x 0.502;

2. Thickness at 20 cN / cm

Sample I:

mean value x 0.329;

Sample II:

mean value x 0.391;

3. Absolute compressibility in mm

Sample I: 0.062 (nil comparing mean values)

Sample II: 0.111 (nil comparing mean values)

4. Relative compressibility in%

Sample I: 15 (nil of mean value comparisons)

Sample II: 22 (nil compares of mean values)

E. Crushing the surface according to the AKu test (cylinder crushing method

1. SSopia naSychmiasS after unloading

Sample I: 2

Sample II: 4

One hundred trunk after 1 hour of relaxation

Sample I: 5

Sample II: 6-7

3. Sopiań after 2 hours to relax

Sample P 6

Sample II: 7

4. Sopia after 24 hours of relaxation

Sample I: 7-8

Sample II: 7-8 (grades 1 to 8: with grade 1 the worst result, and with grade 8 - the lowest).

F Solubility of urea bisulfite in% (as a measure for chemical change)

Sample I: 42.2

Sample II: 45.5

The thickness measurement was carried out according to DIN 53855 and the solubility of urea bisulfite according to IWTO (InSirnaSional Wool Tichnical OrganizaSion) 11-64.

The surface rot was carried out on the basis of Aku miSoda (miSoda rot in a cylinder) with a loading weight equal to 3.5 kg and approximately 25 minuS.

All trials took place in a normal climate.

Comparing the values of the average results of the trials showed that by the method of dicasizing the spectrum of the invention, the achievements of jisS were surprising polyshines of Skanina quality in several respects.

177 941

Publishing Department of the UP RP. Circulation of 70 copies Price PLN 2.00.

Claims (3)

Patent claims 1. A method of steaming a fabric made of wool or with a significant proportion of wool fibers, in which the fabric with a co-rotating pad is wound on a perforated cylinder and the formed coil is heat treated in an autoclave, characterized in that a co-rotating pad is made of non-oriented fiber flat article, which surface weight is less than 80 g / m ² and the water vapor permeability is not less than 3,500 g / m ^2/24 h. 2. The method according to p. The fabric of claim 1, wherein the fabric is wound onto a perforated cylinder with a final moisture content of 10-100% by weight, and heat treated in this state. 3. The method according to p. The method of claim 1 or 2, characterized in that the residual moisture content of the fabric in the autoclave required during the treatment is maintained and regulated by an external steam supply.