PL143177B1 - Agent for preparation of quenching baths - Google Patents

Agent for preparation of quenching baths Download PDF

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Publication number
PL143177B1
PL143177B1 PL25092784A PL25092784A PL143177B1 PL 143177 B1 PL143177 B1 PL 143177B1 PL 25092784 A PL25092784 A PL 25092784A PL 25092784 A PL25092784 A PL 25092784A PL 143177 B1 PL143177 B1 PL 143177B1
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PL
Poland
Prior art keywords
weight
agent
water
quenching
oil
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PL25092784A
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Polish (pl)
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PL250927A1 (en
Inventor
Jerzy Wszkowski
Stanislaw Sobol
Eugeniusz Tomaniak
Tomasz Zagorny
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Inst Mech Precyz
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Priority to PL25092784A priority Critical patent/PL143177B1/en
Publication of PL250927A1 publication Critical patent/PL250927A1/en
Publication of PL143177B1 publication Critical patent/PL143177B1/en

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Description

Przedmiotem wynalazku jest srodek do sporzadzania kapieli hartowniczych zastepujacych wode lub olej hartowniczy, o skutecznosci dzialania w zakresie temperatur od 1° do 90°C. Znane sa wodne srodki hartownicze zawierajace dodatki zwiazków organicznych lub nieorganicznych, zmieniajacych wlasnosci fizyko-chemiczne i zwiazane z tym zdolnosci chlodzace wody. Od rodzaju zastosowanego srodka chlodzacego zaleza w znacznym stopniu wlasnosci mechaniczne obrabianych cieplnie metali, takie jak twardosc, wytrzymalosc dorazna i zme¬ czeniowa, udarnosc i plastycznosc. Wada znanych wodnych srodków z dodatkiem chemicznych zwiazków orga¬ nicznych i nieorganicznych jest zbyt duza szybkosc chlodzenia w zakresie srednich i niskich temperatur uniemo¬ zliwiajaca hartowanie stali o wyzszej stopowosci.Znany srodek z polskiego opisu patentowego nr 120 857 zawiera 20-70% wagowych wielocukrów, ko¬ rzystnie skrobie lub jej pochodne, 80-30% wagowych wody, 0,05—5% wagowych srodków bakteriobójczych, korzystnie pochodne akrydyny. Ponadto srodek zawiera zwiazki sodu — czteroboran sodu lub wodorotlenek sodu, kazdy w ilosci 0,01—6% wagowych, srodek antypieniacy, korzystnie olej metylofenylosilikonowy w ilosci 0,01—2% wagowych. Srodek ten sluzy do sporzadzania kapieli hartowniczych o wlasnosciach zblizonych do oleju hartowniczego.Wada tego srodka jest to, ze posiada duza agresywnosc korozyjna w stosunku do urzadzen i hartowanych w nich przedmiotów oraz to ze nie mozna sporzadzac z niego kapieli do hartowania stali wysokostopowych do pracy na goraco, wymagajacych hartowania w oleju, jak tez to, ze kapiele hartownicze zastepujace olej do pracy na zimno, wymagaja duzych stezen srodka w kapieli hartowniczej.Wad tych nie posiada srodek wedlug wynalazku do sporzadzania kapieli hartowniczych pozwalajacych, w zaleznosci od stezenia, na calkowite zastapienie roztworów wodnych soli, lugów i olejów hartowniczych, w tym oleju hartowniczego do pracy na goraco, jak ido sporzadzania kapieli wykazujacych brak korozyjnego oddzialywania na zbiorniki i hartowane przedmioty. Srodek wykazuje najwyzsza odpornosc korozyjna okreslona wedlug PN-78/H-046010 równa 10 i jest bardziej wydajny, kapiele wymagaja mniejszych stezen. Srodek wedlug wynalazku do sporzadzania kapieli hartowniczych zawiera 0,1—30% wagowych zwiazków kwasu fosforowego, korzystnie trój polifosforan sodowy jako srodek zmieniajacy zdolnosc chlodzaca wody i stanowiacy jednoczesnie dodatek antykorozyjny, 0,1—20% wagowych pochodnych celulozy, korzystnie sól sodowa karboksymetylocelu- lozy lub jej pochodne i 99,3-50% wagowych wody, oraz 0,5-10% wagowych srodka anty pieniacego, korzystnie 143 1772 143177 mieszanine mydel glinowych wyzszych kwasów tluszczowych w oleju mineralnym. Przedmiot wynalazku przed¬ stawiono w nastepujacych przykladach wykonania.Przyklad I. W kapieli hartowniczej o skladzie: 5% wagowych trójpolifosforanu sodowego, 4% wagowe soli sodowej karboksymetylocelulozy, 86% wagowych wody i 5% wagowych srodka antypieniacego w postaci mieszaniny mydel glinowych wyzszych kwasów tluszczowych i oleju mineralnego zahartowano próbki ze stali SW7M i SW12C. Dla porównania zahartowano równiez podobne próbki w oleju hartowniczym OH—160. Uzyska¬ no twardosc w kapieli wedlug wynalazku 62-64 HRC w oleju 61-64 HRC. W obydwu przypadkach nie stwier¬ dzono pekniec hartowniczych.Przyklad II. W kapieli hartowniczej o skladzie: 3% wagowe trójpolifosforanu sodowego, 2% wagowe soli sodowej karboksymetylocelulozy, 94% wagowe wody, 1% wagowy srodka antypieniacego w postaci mieszani¬ ny mydel glinowych wyzszych kwasów tluszczowych i oleju mineralnego zahartowano próbki ze stali 65G i LH15. Dla porównania zahartowano podobne próbki woleju OH—70 wedlug BN-75/0535-40. Uzyskano twar¬ dosc w kapieli wedlug wynalazku 62-63 HRC, w oleju 60-64 HRC.Przyklad III. W kapieli hartowniczej o skladzie: 1% wagowy trójpolifosforanu sodowego, 1% wagowy soli sodowej karboksymetylocelulozy, 97% wagowych wody, 1% wagowy srodka antypieniacego w postaci mie¬ szaniny mydel glinowych wyzszych kwasów tluszczowych i oleju mineralnego zahartowano próbki ze stali „35".Dla porównania zahartowano podobne próbki w wodzie. Uzyskano twardosc w kapieli wedlug wynalazku 42-44 HRC, w wodzie 42-45 HRC.Na zalaczonym rysunku fig. 1 przedstawiono krzywe chlodzenia srebrnego próbnika w roztworach wod¬ nych o róznym stezeniu srodka wedlug wynalc-zku i dla porównania — w oleju, wodzie wodociagowej i srodku wedlug polskiego opisu patentowego nr 120 857. Na osi rzednej oznaczono temperature kapieli, a na osi odcietej czas chlodzenia. 1 oznacza krzywa chlodzenia wody wodociagowej, 2 krzywa chlodzenia oleju OH—70, 3 krzywa chlodzenia srodka wedlug wynalazku o stezeniu 3%, 4 krzywa chlodzenia srodka wedlug wynalazku o stezeniu 6%, 5 krzywa chlodzenia srodka wedlug wynalazku o stezeniu 9%, 6 krzywa chlodzenia w 20% roztworze srodka wedlug polskiego opisu patentowego nr 120 857, 7 krzywa chlodzenia srodka w 2% roztworze srodka wedlug polskiego opisu patentowego nr 120 857. Z analizy krzywych kapieli hartowniczych sporzadzo¬ nych ze srodka wedlug wynalazku wynika, ze srodek ten wywiera duzy wplyw na zmiane zdolnosci chlodzacej wody i umozliwia hartowanie wszystkich gatunków stali.Zastrzezenie patentowe Srodek do sporzadzania kapieli hartowniczych, znamienny tym, ze zawiera 0,1—30% wagowych zwiazków kwasu fosforowego, korzystnie trójpolifosforan sodowy, 0,1-20% wagowych pochodnych celulozy, korzystnie sól sodowa karboksymetylocelulozy lub jej pochodne, 99,3-50% wagowych wody, oraz 0,5-10% wagowych srodka antypieniacego, korzystnie mieszanine mydel glinowych wyzszych kwasów tluszczowych i oleju mineralnego.143 177 0^v Temperatura w C to *NjU PLThe subject of the invention is an agent for making quenching baths, replacing water or quenching oil, with the effectiveness in the temperature range from 1 ° to 90 ° C. Water quenching agents containing additives of organic or inorganic compounds, changing the physico-chemical properties and the related cooling capacity of water, are known. The mechanical properties of the heat-treated metals, such as hardness, wear and fatigue strength, impact strength and plasticity, to a large extent depend on the type of coolant used. The disadvantage of known aqueous agents with the addition of organic and inorganic chemical compounds is too high cooling speed in the range of medium and low temperatures, which makes it impossible to harden steel of higher alloyingness. The agent known from Polish patent description No. 120 857 contains 20-70% by weight of polysaccharides, preferably starches or their derivatives, 80-30% by weight of water, 0.05-5% by weight of bactericides, preferably acridine derivatives. In addition, the agent contains sodium compounds - sodium tetraborate or sodium hydroxide, each in an amount of 0.01-6% by weight, an antifoam agent, preferably methylphenyl silicone oil in an amount of 0.01-2% by weight. This agent is used to prepare quenching baths with properties similar to quenching oil. The disadvantage of this agent is that it has a high corrosive aggressiveness towards devices and objects hardened in them, and that it cannot be used to make a bath for hardening high-alloy steels for work on heat, requiring quenching in oil, as well as the fact that quenching baths replacing oil for cold work, require high concentration of the agent in the quenching bath. These defects do not have the means, according to the invention, for the preparation of quenching baths, which, depending on the concentration, allow for complete replacement aqueous solutions of salt, lyes and quenching oils, including quenching oil for hot work as well as for the preparation of baths showing no corrosive effects on tanks and hardened objects. The agent has the highest corrosion resistance, determined according to PN-78 / H-046010, equal to 10, and is more efficient, the baths require lower concentrations. The agent according to the invention for making quenching baths contains 0.1-30% by weight of phosphoric acid compounds, preferably sodium tripolyphosphate as an agent changing the cooling capacity of water and at the same time constituting an anti-corrosion additive, 0.1-20% by weight of cellulose derivatives, preferably sodium carboxymethylcell - loos or derivatives thereof and 99.3-50% by weight of water, and 0.5-10% by weight of anti-foaming agent, preferably a mixture of aluminum soaps of higher fatty acids in mineral oil. The subject of the invention is presented in the following examples: Example I. In a quench bath composed of: 5% by weight of sodium tripolyphosphate, 4% by weight of sodium carboxymethylcellulose, 86% by weight of water and 5% by weight of an antifoam in the form of a mixture of aluminum soaps of higher fatty acids and mineral oil, samples made of SW7M and SW12C steel were hardened. For comparison, similar samples in the OH-160 quenching oil were also quenched. A bath hardness according to the invention of 62-64 HRC in oil of 61-64 HRC was obtained. In both cases, no hardening cracks were found. Example II. In a quench bath composed of: 3% by weight of sodium tripolyphosphate, 2% by weight of sodium carboxymethylcellulose, 94% by weight of water, 1% by weight of an antifoam in the form of a mixture of aluminum soaps of higher fatty acids and mineral oil, 65G and LH15 steel samples were quenched. For comparison, similar samples of OH-70 oil according to BN-75 / 0535-40 were tempered. The bath hardness was obtained according to the invention 62-63 HRC, in oil 60-64 HRC. Example III. In a quench bath composed of: 1% by weight of sodium tripolyphosphate, 1% by weight of sodium carboxymethylcellulose, 97% by weight of water, 1% by weight of an antifoam in the form of a mixture of aluminum soaps of higher fatty acids and mineral oil, samples from "35" steel were quenched. For comparison, similar samples were quenched in water. The bath hardness according to the invention was obtained 42-44 HRC, in water 42-45 HRC. Fig. 1 shows the cooling curves of the silver probe in aqueous solutions with different concentration of the agent according to the invention and for comparison - in oil, tap water and the agent according to Polish patent description No. 120 857. The bath temperature is marked on the ordinate, and the cooling time on the shaded axis. 1 is the tap water cooling curve, 2 the oil cooling curve OH — 70, 3 cooling of the agent according to the invention with a concentration of 3%, 4 cooling curve of the agent according to the invention with a concentration of 6%, 5 cooling curve of the agent according to the invention with a concentration and in 9%, 6 the cooling curve in a 20% solution of the agent according to Polish patent specification No. 120 857, 7 the cooling curve of the medium in 2% solution of the agent according to Polish patent description No. 120 857. that this agent exerts a great influence on the change of the cooling capacity of water and enables hardening of all steel grades. -20% by weight of cellulose derivatives, preferably sodium carboxymethyl cellulose or derivatives thereof, 99.3-50% by weight of water, and 0.5-10% by weight of an antifoam, preferably a mixture of aluminum soaps of higher fatty acids and mineral oil. v The temperature in C is * NjU PL

Claims (1)

1. Zastrzezenie patentowe Srodek do sporzadzania kapieli hartowniczych, znamienny tym, ze zawiera 0,1—30% wagowych zwiazków kwasu fosforowego, korzystnie trójpolifosforan sodowy, 0,1-20% wagowych pochodnych celulozy, korzystnie sól sodowa karboksymetylocelulozy lub jej pochodne, 99,3-50% wagowych wody, oraz 0,5-10% wagowych srodka antypieniacego, korzystnie mieszanine mydel glinowych wyzszych kwasów tluszczowych i oleju mineralnego.143 177 0^v Temperatura w C to *NjU PLClaim 1. An agent for the preparation of quench baths, characterized in that it contains 0.1-30% by weight of phosphoric acid compounds, preferably sodium tripolyphosphate, 0.1-20% by weight of cellulose derivatives, preferably sodium carboxymethylcellulose or its derivatives, 99, 3-50% by weight of water, and 0.5-10% by weight of antifoam, preferably a mixture of aluminum soaps of higher fatty acids and mineral oil. 143 177 0 ^ v Temperature in C to * NjU PL
PL25092784A 1984-12-14 1984-12-14 Agent for preparation of quenching baths PL143177B1 (en)

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PL25092784A PL143177B1 (en) 1984-12-14 1984-12-14 Agent for preparation of quenching baths

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Application Number Priority Date Filing Date Title
PL25092784A PL143177B1 (en) 1984-12-14 1984-12-14 Agent for preparation of quenching baths

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PL250927A1 PL250927A1 (en) 1985-06-04
PL143177B1 true PL143177B1 (en) 1988-01-30

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PL250927A1 (en) 1985-06-04

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