PL141741B1 - Method of manufacture of directly positive photographic emulsions containing silver halides - Google Patents

Method of manufacture of directly positive photographic emulsions containing silver halides Download PDF

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Publication number
PL141741B1
PL141741B1 PL24699784A PL24699784A PL141741B1 PL 141741 B1 PL141741 B1 PL 141741B1 PL 24699784 A PL24699784 A PL 24699784A PL 24699784 A PL24699784 A PL 24699784A PL 141741 B1 PL141741 B1 PL 141741B1
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PL
Poland
Prior art keywords
photographic emulsions
gelatin
emulsion
manufacture
containing silver
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Application number
PL24699784A
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Polish (pl)
Other versions
PL246997A2 (en
Inventor
Adam Zaleski
Janina Weglinskaflis
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Politechnika Wroclawska
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Priority to PL24699784A priority Critical patent/PL141741B1/en
Publication of PL246997A2 publication Critical patent/PL246997A2/en
Publication of PL141741B1 publication Critical patent/PL141741B1/en

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Przedmiotem wynalazku jest sposób wytwarza¬ nia halogenosrebrowych emulsji fotograficznych wprostpozytywowych, polegajacy na wytwarzaniu centrów wywolywalnych zadymienia na powierz¬ chni krysztalów halogenków srebra.Z opisu patentowego St. Zjedn. Am. nr 3 951 656 znany jest sposób wytwarzania centrów wywoly¬ walnych na powierzchni krysztalów halogenków srebra. Sposób ten polega na dzialaniu czynnikiem redukcyjnym na krysztaly halogenków srebra w roztworach zelatynowych o stezeniu 6 do 7%. Sto¬ sunek masy zelatyny do masy halogenku srebra stosuje sie od 1:1 do 1:4. Metoda ta charakteryzuje sie znacznym zuzyciem substancji redukujacej, wy¬ nikajacym z trudnosci jej wlasciwego dozowania.Bowiem w trakcie redukcji zachodza procesy po¬ miedzy substancja redukujaca i zelatyna.Istota wynalazku jest prowadzenie redukcji halo¬ genku srebra, której celem jest wytworzenie cen¬ trów wywolywalnych zadymienia na powierzchniach krysztalów, w srodowisku zelatyny o obnizonym stezeniu do 1/5—1/6 ostatecznej jej ilosci w emulsji.Pozostala czesc zelatyny wprowadza sie do emulsji po zakonczeniu procesu dojrzewania redukcyjnego.Proces wytwarzania centrów w emulsji prowadzi sie w srodowisku zelatyny wysoce inertnej pozba¬ wionej aktywnych mikroskladników.Zasadnicza korzyscia wynikajaca ze stosowania metody wedlug wynalazku jest mozliwosc doklad¬ nego dozowania ilosci substancji redukujacej i lep- 1D 15 20 25 30 szej kontroli procesu redukcji. Prowadzi to do znacznego zmniejszenia zuzycia substancji reduku¬ jacej, ze wzgledu na unikniecie procesów zacho¬ dzacych miedzy substancja redukujaca a zelatyna.Sposób umozliwia uzyskanie znacznie lepszych wskazników sensytometrycznych, a takze zwieksze¬ nie stabilnosci sensytometrycznych parametrów emulsji dzieki zwiazaniu obecnego nadmiaru re¬ duktora przez zelatyne dodana po zakonczeniu pro¬ cesu ksztaltowania centrów wywolywalnych.Przedmiot wynalazku przedstawiony jest w przy¬ kladach wykonania wprostpozytywowych emulsji fotograficznych.Przyklad I. Do emulsji fotograficznej otrzy¬ manej konwencjonalna metoda, a zawierajacej ha¬ logenek srebra równowazny 100 g azotanu srebra, wprowadza sie roztwór wodny 2 do 4!°/o zeMtyny wysoce inertnej, który zawiera 15 do 25 g suchej zelatyny. Wodny roztwór zelatyny wprowadza sie do emulsji po zakonczeniu wzrostu krysztalów i po usunieciu z niej przez flokulacje skladników latwo rozpuszczalnych w wodzie. Emulsje lacznie z wod¬ nym roztworem zelatyny ogrzewa sie do tempera¬ tury 60°C i miesza do calkowitej homogenizacji.Nastepnie prowadzi sie redukcje przez dodanie kwa¬ su sulfinowego formamidyny w ilosci od 0,2 do 1 mg i ustala wartosc pBr= 3 i pH=8 do 8,5. Po czym ogrzewa sie emulsje przez 15 do 30 minut, utrzymujac temperature 60°C. Po uplywie tego czasu dodaje sie 2,0 do 5,0 cm8 o 0,08°/o roztworu kwasu 141 741141 741 chlorozlotowego i ogrzewa w ciagu 30 do 60 minut.Nfsjephie obniza sie pH emulsji do 4,5—5 i pBr dc 2 ± 0,1, po czym dodaje 75 do 80 g zelatyny inertnej napecznialej w 500 do 600 cm8 wody des¬ tylowanej* Po zalkowitej homogenizacji emulsji wprowadza sieskouwencjonalne dodatki stosowane w emulsjach fotografic^iych i nanosi na podloze typowa metoda.Przyklad II. Podobnie, jak w przykladzie I, do emulsji fotograficznej wprowadza sie iroztwór wodny 2 do 4% zelatyny wysoce inertnej, po czym ogrzewa sie do temperatury 60°C i miesza do czasu calkowitej homogenizacji. Nastepnie prowadzi sie redukcje przez dodanie cyjanoborowodoru sodowe¬ go w ilosci 0,05 do 0,3 mg i ustala wartosc pBr=3 i pH=5,5 do 6. Emulsje ogrzewa sie w ciagu 15 do 30 minut. Po uplywie tego czasu dodaje sie od 2,0 do 5,0 cm8 OfiB^/o roztworu wodnego kwasu chlorozlotowego i ogrzewa sie przez 50 do 80 minut.Nastepnie obniza aie pH war- if 20 tosci 2,0 ± 0,1, dodaje 75 d© 80 g wysoce inertnej zelatyny napecznialej w 500 do 600 cm3 wody des¬ tylowanej. Po calkowitej homogenizacji do emulsji wprowadza sie konwencjonalne dodatki stosowane w emulsjach fotograficznych i nanosi na podloze w znany sposób.Zastrzezenie patentowe Sposób wytwarzania halogenosretaawych emulsji .fotograficznych wprostpozytywowycl^ polegajacy na dzialaniu czynnikami redukcyjnymi na krysztaly halogenków srebra w roztworach zelatynowych, znamienny tym, ze wytwarzanie centrów wywoly- walnych zadymienia prowadzi sie w obecnosci od 1/5 do 1/6 ostatecznej ilosci koloidu ochronnego w emulsji i uzupelnia pozostala czesc po zakonczeniu procesu dojrzewania redukcyjnego, przy czym re¬ dukcje prowadzi sie w srodowisku zelatyny wy¬ soce inertnej, pozbawionej mikroskladników ak¬ tyw«yeh.UZGraf. Z.P. Dz-wo, z. 1035 (85+15) 88.05 Cena 130 zl PLThe subject of the invention is a process for the production of silver halide photographic emulsions directly positive, consisting in the production of smoke evolving centers on the surface of silver halide crystals. US Am. No. 3,951,656, a method of producing eleable centers on the surface of silver halide crystals is known. This method involves the action of a reducing agent on silver halide crystals in gelatin solutions with a concentration of 6 to 7%. The ratio of the weight of gelatin to the weight of the silver halide is from 1: 1 to 1: 4. This method is characterized by a significant consumption of the reducing substance, resulting from the difficulty of its proper dosing, because during the reduction processes occur between the reducing substance and gelatin. The essence of the invention is to reduce the silver halide, the purpose of which is to produce release centers. opacity on the crystal surfaces, in the environment of gelatine with a reduced concentration to 1 / 5-1 / 6 of its final amount in the emulsion. The remaining part of the gelatin is incorporated into the emulsion after the reductive maturation process is completed. The process of producing centers in the emulsion is carried out in a highly inert gelatin environment free of active micronutrients. The main advantage of the method according to the invention is the possibility of accurately dosing the amount of reducing agent and better control of the reduction process. This leads to a significant reduction in the consumption of the reducing substance, due to the avoidance of the processes taking place between the reducing substance and gelatine. The method allows to obtain much better sensitometric indicators, as well as to increase the stability of the sensitometric parameters of the emulsion due to the binding of the excess reductor present by The gelatine added after the shaping process of the evolving centers has been completed. The subject of the invention is illustrated in the examples of making photographic positive emulsions. Example I. A photographic emulsion obtained by the conventional method and containing silver halide equivalent to 100 g of silver nitrate is introduced into an aqueous solution of 2 to 4% high inert zeMin which contains 15 to 25 g of dry gelatin. The aqueous gelatin solution is introduced into the emulsion after the crystal growth has finished and after the easily soluble components in water have been removed from it by flocculation. The emulsions, including the aqueous gelatin solution, are heated to 60 ° C and stirred until complete homogenization. The reductions are then carried out by adding formamidine sulfinic acid in an amount of 0.2 to 1 mg and the pBr value is set to 3 and pH = 8 to 8.5. The emulsions are then heated for 15 to 30 minutes, keeping the temperature at 60 ° C. After this time, 2.0 to 5.0 cm8 of 0.08% chlorosol solution of 141 741141 741 are added and heated for 30 to 60 minutes. The pH of the emulsion is lowered to 4.5-5 and pBr dc 2 ± 0.1, then 75 to 80 g of inert gelatin are added in 500 to 600 cm 3 of distilled water. After complete homogenization of the emulsion, he introduces any conventional additives used in photo emulsions and applies to the substrate in the usual manner. Example II. As in Example 1, an aqueous solution of 2 to 4% highly inert gelatin is introduced into the photographic emulsion, then heated to 60 ° C and stirred until complete homogenization. The reductions are then carried out by adding 0.05 to 0.3 mg of sodium cyanoborane and the pBr value is 3 and the pH is 5.5 to 6. The emulsions are heated for 15 to 30 minutes. After this time, 2.0 to 5.0 cm8 of OfiB4 /% aqueous solution of chloroslotic acid is added and the mixture is heated for 50 to 80 minutes. Then the pH is lowered to 2.0 ± 0.1, added 75 d of 80 g of highly inert gelatin was puffed in 500 to 600 cm 3 of distilled water. After complete homogenization, the conventional additives used in photographic emulsions are introduced into the emulsion and applied to the substrate in a known manner. Patent Claim A direct positive method for the production of photographic halogen-like emulsions based on the treatment of silver halide crystals in gelatin solutions with reducing agents. In the presence of 1/5 to 1/6 of the final amount of protective colloid in the emulsion, the induced smoke is carried out and the remainder is added after the reductive maturation process has been completed, the reductions being carried out in a highly inert gelatin environment, free of micronutrients ak ¬ tyw «yeh.UZGraf. Z.P. Dz-wo, z. 1035 (85 + 15) 88.05 Price PLN 130 PL

Claims (1)

Zastrzezenie patentowe Sposób wytwarzania halogenosretaawych emulsji .fotograficznych wprostpozytywowycl^ polegajacy na dzialaniu czynnikami redukcyjnymi na krysztaly halogenków srebra w roztworach zelatynowych, znamienny tym, ze wytwarzanie centrów wywoly- walnych zadymienia prowadzi sie w obecnosci od 1. /5 do 1/6 ostatecznej ilosci koloidu ochronnego w emulsji i uzupelnia pozostala czesc po zakonczeniu procesu dojrzewania redukcyjnego, przy czym re¬ dukcje prowadzi sie w srodowisku zelatyny wy¬ soce inertnej, pozbawionej mikroskladników ak¬ tyw«yeh. UZGraf. Z.P. Dz-wo, z. 1035 (85+15) 88.05 Cena 130 zl PLPatent claim A method of producing directly positive halogen photographic emulsions based on the treatment of silver halide crystals in gelatin solutions with reducing agents, characterized in that the production of smoke-inducing centers is carried out in the presence of 1/5 to 1/6 of the final amount of protective colloid in the emulsion and replenishes the remainder after the reductive maturation process has been completed, the reductions being carried out in a highly inert gelatin environment devoid of micronutrients. UZGRAP. Z.P. Dz-wo, z. 1035 (85 + 15) 88.05 Price PLN 130 PL
PL24699784A 1984-03-30 1984-03-30 Method of manufacture of directly positive photographic emulsions containing silver halides PL141741B1 (en)

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Application Number Priority Date Filing Date Title
PL24699784A PL141741B1 (en) 1984-03-30 1984-03-30 Method of manufacture of directly positive photographic emulsions containing silver halides

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PL141741B1 true PL141741B1 (en) 1987-08-31

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