PL137439B2 - Method of preparing fodder in particular that for feeding poultry - Google Patents

Method of preparing fodder in particular that for feeding poultry Download PDF

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Publication number
PL137439B2
PL137439B2 PL24859484A PL24859484A PL137439B2 PL 137439 B2 PL137439 B2 PL 137439B2 PL 24859484 A PL24859484 A PL 24859484A PL 24859484 A PL24859484 A PL 24859484A PL 137439 B2 PL137439 B2 PL 137439B2
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Poland
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feed
mycelium
mixture
amount
crushed
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PL24859484A
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Polish (pl)
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PL248594A2 (en
Inventor
Katarzyna Szoltysek
Jerzy Ziobrowski
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Akad Ekonom Oskara Langego
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Priority to PL24859484A priority Critical patent/PL137439B2/en
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Publication of PL137439B2 publication Critical patent/PL137439B2/en

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Przedmiotem wynalazku jest sposób wytwarzania paszy, zwlaszcza paszy dla drobiu.Znany jest sposób obróbki pasz, na przyklad z opisu patentowego PRL nr 110 988, polegajacy na nasyceniu plynnym enzymem proteolitycznym o aktywnosci 200 tys. J.H/g (jednostek hemoglo¬ biny na gram) mieszanki rozdrobnionych zbóz pastewnych. Enzym jest wydzielany z grzybni nitkowatych grzybów rodzaju Aspergillus, hodowanych na podlozu zawiesiny wodnej zawierajacej otreby, zarodki zbóz itp. i przeniesiony do roztworu wodnego o pH 2-8 ogrzanego do 40°C. Tak przygotowana mieszanke zbozowa, zadana plynnymi proteazami, inkubuje sie w czasie od 3 do 12 godzin przed planowanym zadaniem jej zwierzetom. W rezultacie zwiekszono stopien przyswajal- nosci bialek zawartych w paszy o 10-M5% oraz uzyskano przyrost masy brojlerów o 5-5-8%.Znany jest równiez z publikacji Hartela, zamieszczonej w numerze 10 Kraftfutter z 1976 roku, sposób polegajacy na dodatku czystego preparatu proteazdo mieszanek zawierajacych antybiotyk a zlozonych glównie ze sruty kukurydzianej i poestrakcyjnej sruty sojowej. W rezultacie uzyskano wyrazna poprawe wykorzystania paszy przez kurczeta.Znane sa równiez sposoby polegajace na dodawaniu enzymów do srut w postaci suchej, które jednak nie dawaly oczekiwanych rezultatów ze wzgledu na brak dostatecznej aktywnosci proteaz w wytworzonych mieszankach.Znany jest równiez z opisu patentowego PRL nr 117 724 sposób wglebnej hodowli grzybni Penicillium roaueforti prowadzonej na odbialczonej serwatce w ciagu 5 -5- 6 dni w temperaturze 298 K i pH = 4,5 oraz przy napowietrzaniu srodowiska hodowlanego wynoszacym 0,5 dm3/dm3 /min. Grzybnia Penicillium roaueforti, po oddzieleniu plynu pohodowlanego, ma aktywnosc proteolityczna okolo 3000 jednostek kazeinowych na 1 g suchej substancji oraz aktywnosc lipolity- czna okolo 1400 jednostek lipolitycznych na Ig suchej substancji. Wykorzystywana jest ona nastepnie w produkcji sera z przerostem plesniowym typu rokpol.Wada sposobu wedlug opisu patentowego PRL nr 110988 jest koniecznosc nasycenia sruty zbozowej plynnym enzymem rozprowadzonym w roztworze buforowym o scisle okreslonym pH oraz prowadzenie inkubacji calej masy przygotowanej paszy w podwyzszonej temperaturze przez okres do 12 godz. Tak przygotowana masa musi byc skarmiana bezposrednio i nie moze byc magazynowana.2 137439 Sposób wedlug wynalazku polega na tym, ze srute zbozowa poddaje sie dzialaniu grzybni pochodzacej z hodowli plesni Penicillium roaueforti na podlozu serwatkowym wzbogaconym dodatkiem zródel azotu, korzystnie mocznika w ilosci okolo 1 g/dm3, w celu namnozenia biomasy grzybni. Hodowle prowadzi sie w temperaturze okolo 298 K, przy pH = 4,5 i napowietrzaniu wynoszacym 0,5dm3/dm3/min. w ciagu 5-6 dni. Po procesie hodowli grzybnie oddziela sie na przyklad przez odwirowanie, przemywa woda, ponownie odwirowuje w celu dokladnego usuniecia resztek plynu pohodowlanego, wplywajacego na przebieg procesu suszenia, zadaje sie ze sruta zbozowa w stosunku masowym 1:1 oraz suszy zachowawczo w temperaturze okolo 313 K. Z kolei srute z grzybnia rozdrabnia sie do czastek o wielkosci od 1 mm do okolo 3 mm, a nastepnie tak przygotowana porcje paszy wprowadza sie do zasadniczej czesci sruty zbozowej w takiej ilosci, aby zawartosc grzybni w mieszance wynosila okolo 1%. Tak otrzymana mieszanke przeznacza sie do bezposredniego skarmiania lub magazynuje sie.Sposób wedlug wynalazku umozliwia podwyzszenie stopnia przyswajalnosci bialka zawartego w paszy, a tym samym prowadzi do zmniejszenia zuzycia ilosci paszy na jednostke przyrostu masy tuszek drobiowych. Ponadto stwierdzono wzrost retencji aminokwasów zawartych w paszy w organizmie brojlerów. Czas przygotowania paszy jest krótki i nie wymaga wykonywania pracoch¬ lonnych i skomplikowanych operacji.Przyklad. Przeprowadzono hodowle Penicillium roaueforti stosujac jako podloze odbiala- czona serwatke wzbogacona dodatkiem mocznika w ilosci 1 g/dm3. Proces przebiegal w fermento- rze w temperaturze 299 K, pH = 4,5 i aeracji = 0,5dm3/dm3/min w czasie 6 dni. Uzyskano lOkg grzybni, która wydzielono przez odwirowanie, przemyto woda, ponownie odwirowano i zmieszano z 10kg sruty kukurydzianej. Aktywnosc proteolityczna grzybni wynosila okolo 3000 jednostek kazeinowych na 1 gs.s., natomiast aktywnosc lipolityczna 14000jednostek lipolitycznych na 1 gs.s.Calosc poddano procesowi suszenia w temperaturze 313 K do zawartosci wody okolo 25%.Nastepnie tak przygotowana mieszanke rozdrobniono do ziarn o srednicy okolo 2 mm w postaci jasno-szarego proszku i wprowadzono do pozostalej ilosci sruty kukurydzianej tj. do 980 kg, tak wiec zawartosc grzybni w mieszance wynosila \°7c.Z kolei przeprowadzono badania zywieniowe na brojlerach, po 8 tygodniach hodowli, których wyniki zestawiono w tabeli.Tabela Wyszczególnienie Grupa kurczat kontrolna (pasza bez dodat¬ ku enzymu) 2,58 0 2123 452 78 doswiadczalna (pasza z dodat¬ kiem enzymu 1%) 2,29 11,25 2200 403 82 Zuzycie paszy w kg/l kg przyrostu masy tuszek Zmniejszenie zuzycia paszy w % Przyrost masy ciala w g Zuzycie bialka w g/l kg przyrostu masy tuszek Stopien strawnosci w % Zastrzezenie patentowe Sposób wytwarzania paszy, zwlaszcza paszy dla drobiu, polegajacy na dzialaniu enzymów proteolitycznych na mieszanke rozdrobnionych zbóz pastewnych, znamienny tym, ze srute zbo¬ zowa poddaje sie dzialaniu grzybni pochodzacej z hodowli plesni Penicillium roaueforti na podlozu serwatkowym wzbogaconym dodatkiem zródel azotu, korzystnie mocznika w ilosci okolo 1 g/dm3,137 439 3 po czym grzybnie oddziela sie, przemywa woda,ponownie odwirowuje, zadaje sie ze sruta zbozowa w stosunku masowym 1:1, suszy sie zachowawczo w temp. okolo 313 K, rozdrabnia sie do wielkosci czastek 2-5 mm, a nastepnie tak przygotowana porcje paszy wprowadza sie do zasadni- L/ej czesci sruty zbozowej w ilosci takiej, aby zawartosc grzybni w mieszaninie wynosila okolo 1%. PLThe subject of the invention is a method of producing feed, especially poultry feed. There is a known method of processing feed, for example from the Polish patent specification No. 110 988, consisting in saturation with a liquid proteolytic enzyme with an activity of 200,000 LH / g (hemoglobin units per gram) of a mixture of crushed forage cereals. The enzyme is secreted from the mycelium of filamentous fungi of the genus Aspergillus grown on the substrate of an aqueous suspension containing bran, embryos, etc., and transferred to an aqueous solution of pH 2-8 heated to 40 ° C. The cereal mixture prepared in this way, infused with liquid proteases, is incubated for 3 to 12 hours before the planned task of its animals. As a result, the digestibility of proteins contained in the feed was increased by 10-M5% and broiler weight increased by 5-5-8%. It is also known from the Hartel publication in the issue 10 of Kraftfutter from 1976, a method based on the addition of pure Protein preparation for mixtures containing an antibiotic, consisting mainly of corn meal and post-treatment soybean meal. As a result, a significant improvement in the use of feed by the chickens was obtained. There are also known methods of adding enzymes to the meal in a dry form, which, however, did not give the expected results due to the lack of sufficient activity of proteases in the produced mixtures. It is also known from the patent description of the Polish People's Republic No. 117 724 method of deep cultivation of Penicillium roaueforti mycelium carried out on depleted whey for 5 -5-6 days at the temperature of 298 K and pH = 4.5 and with aeration of the breeding environment at 0.5 dm3 / dm3 / min. Penicillium roaueforti mycelium, after separation of the culture fluid, has a proteolytic activity of about 3000 casein units per 1 g of dry matter and a lipolytic activity of about 1400 lipolytic units per Ig of dry matter. It is then used in the production of Rokpol type cheese. The disadvantage of the method, according to the patent description of the Polish People's Republic No. 110988, is the need to saturate the cereal meal with a liquid enzyme distributed in a buffer solution with a strictly defined pH and incubation of the entire mass of the prepared feed at an elevated temperature for up to 12 at The mass prepared in this way must be fed directly and cannot be stored.2 137439 The method according to the invention consists in the fact that the cereal groats are treated with the mycelium of Penicillium roaueforti on the whey substrate enriched with the addition of nitrogen sources, preferably urea in an amount of about 1 g / dm3, in order to multiply the mycelial biomass. Cultures are carried out at a temperature of around 298 K, at a pH of 4.5 and an aeration of 0.5 dm3 / dm3 / min. within 5-6 days. After the cultivation process, the mycelium is separated, for example, by centrifugation, washed with water, centrifuged again in order to thoroughly remove the remnants of the post-culture liquid, which influences the drying process, is mixed with cereal grain in a mass ratio of 1: 1 and conservatively dried at a temperature of about 313 K. On the other hand, the mycelium meal is crushed to a size of 1 mm to about 3 mm, and then the prepared portion of the feed is introduced into the main part of the grain meal in such an amount that the mycelium content in the mixture is about 1%. The mixture obtained in this way is either directly fed or stored. The method according to the invention makes it possible to increase the digestibility of the protein contained in the feed, and thus to reduce the consumption of the amount of feed per unit of weight gain of poultry carcasses. Moreover, an increase in the retention of amino acids contained in feed in the body of broilers was found. The feed preparation time is short and does not require labor-intensive and complicated operations. Penicillium roaueforti cultures were carried out using depleted whey enriched with urea in the amount of 1 g / dm3 as the substrate. The process took place in the fermentor at the temperature of 299 K, pH = 4.5 and aeration = 0.5 dm3 / dm3 / min for 6 days. 10 kg of mycelium was obtained, which was separated by centrifugation, washed with water, centrifuged again and mixed with 10 kg of corn meal. The proteolytic activity of the mycelium was about 3,000 casein units per 1 gs, while the lipolytic activity of 14,000 lipolytic units per 1 gs. The whole was dried at 313 K to a water content of about 25%. Then the mixture prepared in this way was ground into grains with a diameter about 2 mm in the form of light-gray powder and added to the remaining amount of corn meal, i.e. up to 980 kg, so the mycelium content in the mixture was \ ° 7. Then, broiler feeding studies were carried out after 8 weeks of breeding, the results of which are summarized in Table Description Chickens group Control (feed without enzyme addition) 2.58 0 2123 452 78 experimental (feed with 1% enzyme addition) 2.29 11.25 2200 403 82 Feed consumption in kg / l kg increment carcass weight Reduction in feed consumption in% Increase in body weight in g Protein consumption in g / l kg increase in carcass weight Degree of digestibility in% Patent claim Method of producing feed, especially feed for in poultry, consisting in the action of proteolytic enzymes on a mixture of crushed fodder cereals, characterized in that the raw cereal is subjected to the action of mycelium derived from the Penicillium roaueforti cultivation on a whey substrate enriched with the addition of nitrogen sources, preferably urea in the amount of about 1 g / dm3,137 439 3 and then the mycelium is separated, washed with water, re-centrifuged, mixed with cereal grains in a mass ratio of 1: 1, conservatively dried at a temperature of about 313 K, ground to a particle size of 2-5 mm, and then prepared in this way the feed portions are introduced into a substantial part of the grain meal in an amount such that the mycelium content in the mixture is about 1%. PL

Claims (1)

1. Zastrzezenie patentowe Sposób wytwarzania paszy, zwlaszcza paszy dla drobiu, polegajacy na dzialaniu enzymów proteolitycznych na mieszanke rozdrobnionych zbóz pastewnych, znamienny tym, ze srute zbo¬ zowa poddaje sie dzialaniu grzybni pochodzacej z hodowli plesni Penicillium roaueforti na podlozu serwatkowym wzbogaconym dodatkiem zródel azotu, korzystnie mocznika w ilosci okolo 1 g/dm3,137 439 3 po czym grzybnie oddziela sie, przemywa woda,ponownie odwirowuje, zadaje sie ze sruta zbozowa w stosunku masowym 1:1, suszy sie zachowawczo w temp. okolo 313 K, rozdrabnia sie do wielkosci czastek 2-5 mm, a nastepnie tak przygotowana porcje paszy wprowadza sie do zasadni- L/ej czesci sruty zbozowej w ilosci takiej, aby zawartosc grzybni w mieszaninie wynosila okolo 1%. PL1. Patent claim A method of producing feed, especially poultry feed, consisting in the action of proteolytic enzymes on a mixture of crushed fodder cereals, characterized by the fact that the cereal is subjected to the action of the mycelium derived from the Penicillium roaueforti mold cultivation on the substrate of whey nitrogen enriched with the addition of source nitrogen preferably urea in the amount of about 1 g / dm3, 1337 439 3, then the mycelium is separated, washed with water, centrifuged again, mixed with the grains in a mass ratio of 1: 1, conservatively dried at about 313 K, crushed to particle size of 2-5 mm, and then the prepared portion of the feed is introduced to a substantial part of the grain meal in an amount such that the mycelium content in the mixture is about 1%. PL
PL24859484A 1984-07-06 1984-07-06 Method of preparing fodder in particular that for feeding poultry PL137439B2 (en)

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