PL125313B1 - Method of manufacture of granular ammonium nitrate with addition of aluminium in the form of its compounds - Google Patents

Method of manufacture of granular ammonium nitrate with addition of aluminium in the form of its compounds Download PDF

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Publication number
PL125313B1
PL125313B1 PL22303980A PL22303980A PL125313B1 PL 125313 B1 PL125313 B1 PL 125313B1 PL 22303980 A PL22303980 A PL 22303980A PL 22303980 A PL22303980 A PL 22303980A PL 125313 B1 PL125313 B1 PL 125313B1
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Poland
Prior art keywords
ammonium nitrate
compounds
aluminum
nitrate
addition
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PL22303980A
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Polish (pl)
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PL223039A1 (en
Inventor
Witold Pagowski
Andrzej Tarnowski
Bernard Dyrda
Wojciech Wolski
Ryszard Chojnacki
Stanislaw Serafinowicz
Bohdan Subocz
Andrzej Drygulski
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Inst Przemyslu Organiczego
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Priority to PL22303980A priority Critical patent/PL125313B1/en
Publication of PL223039A1 publication Critical patent/PL223039A1/xx
Publication of PL125313B1 publication Critical patent/PL125313B1/en

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Description

Opis patentowy opublikowano: 28.02.1985 125313 Int. CL* C05C 1/00 C05C 1/02 czytelnia] Urzedu Patentowe i [ llll| iTlfTIUUllitll I | Twórcywynalazku: Witold Pagowski, Andrzej Tarnowski, Bernard Dyrda, Wojciech Wolski, Ryszard Chojnacki, Stanislaw Serafinowicz, Bohdan Subocz, Andrzej Drygulski Uprawniony z patentu: Instytut Przemyslu Organicznego, Warszawa (Polska) Sposób wytwarzania granulowanej saletry amonowej z dodatkiem glinu w postaci jego zwiazków Wynalazek dotyczy produkcji rolniczej granulowanej saletry amonowej.Granulowana saletra amonowa stosowana glównie jako rolniczy nawóz mineralny jest wielokrotnie przela¬ dowywana i skladowana oraz jest przewidywana do mechanicznego wysiewu do gleby. Sa to przyczyny stawia¬ nych jej odpowiednich wymagan w zakresie wlasnosci chemicznych i fizycznych.Jednymi z podstawowych niekorzystnych cech czystej granulowanej saletry amonowej sa nieodpowiednie wlasnosci mechaniczne granul, charakteryzujace sie mala wytrzymaloscia i nieodpowiednia twardoscia. Brak tych wlasnosci jest przyczyna kruszenia sie granul w trakcie transportu i skladowania, co w konsekwencji powo¬ duje zbrylanie sie saletry amonowej.Znany sposób przeciwdzialania temu zjawisku polega na dosypywaniu do stopu saletry amonowej przed jego granulacja, krystalicznego siarczanu glinu w ilosci 0,01 do 0,05% w przeliczeniu na czysty glin. Do stopu tego jest dosypywany równiez siarczan amonu w ilosci ok. 0,5% lub równowazna ilosc kwasu siarkowego.Taki sposób postepowania prowadzi wprawdzie do pewnej poprawy wlasnosci mechanicznych granul sale¬ try, jednak stwarza duze trudnosci technologiczne. Dodawany do stopu sproszkowany siarczan glinu nie ulega calkowitemu rozpuszczeniu w stopie, co powoduje jego osadzanie sie w okreslonych wezlach aparatury produ¬ kcyjnej, utrudniajac prowadzenie i kontrole procesu wytwarzania granulowanej saletry amonowej oraz kontrole ilosci dodatku siarczanów do produktu finalnego. Poza tym otrzymywana saletra amonowa posiada jeszcze zbyt malawytrzymalosc granul.Nieoczekiwanie stwierdzono, ze jezeli do stopu saletry amonowej dodac zwiazki glinu, takie jak denek, siarczan, azotan lub aluny, rozpuszczone lub zdyspergowane w stezonym kwasie siarkowym, to uzyskany z tego stopu koncowy produkt posiada nowe, szczególnie dobre wlasnosci mechaniczne granul. Stwierdzono równiez, ze efekt ten jest uzyskiwany juz przy dodaniu do stopu 10^20-krotnie mniejszej ilosci zwiazków glinu w przelicze¬ niu na czysty glin, niz w przypadku prowadzenia procesu dotychczasowym sposobem.2 125 313 Sposób wytwarzania granulowanej saletry amonowej z dodatkiem glinu w postaci jego zwiazków typu tlenku, siarczanu, azotanu lub alunów, polega na tym, ze do stopu saltery amonowej dodaje sie wymienione zwiazki glinu rozpuszczone lub zdyspergowane w stezonym kwasie siarkowym. Takotrzymany stop poddaje sie dalszej obróbce znanym sposobem, a wiec korekcie pHf suszeniu do wymaganej wilgotnosci i granulacji np. metoda wiezowa. Zwiazki glinu dodaje sie do stopu saletry w ilosci co najmniej 0,0005% w przeliczeniu na czysty glin.Otrzymana sposobem wedlug wynalazku granulowana saletra amonowa posiada nowe, szczególnie korzy¬ stne wlasnosci mechaniczne, charakteryzujace sie duza wytrzymaloscia na sciskanie i odpowiednio mala krucho¬ scia granul. Ponadto efekty te sa uzyskiwane przy dodaniu do stopu saletry znacznie mniejszych ilosci dodatków niz w sposobie dotychczas stosowanym, co pozwala otrzymac saletre amonowa o znacznie wiekszym stopniu czystosci Dodatkowa zaleta sposobu wedlug wynalazku jest latwosc dozowania zadanych ilosci zwiazków glinu do stopu saletry i kontrolowania równomiernosci ich stezenia w stopie, oraz eliminacja koniecznosci okresowego czyszczenia aparatury technologicznej ze zlogów zwiazków glinu, co laczy sie z koniecznoscia jej wylaczenia i przerwania produkcji saletry amonowej.Przyklad I. 7 czesci wagowych technicznego siarczanu glinu dodaje sie do 93 czesci wagowych stezo¬ nego technicznego kwasu siarkowego. 0,55 czesci wagowych tak uzyskanego roztworu koloidalnego dodaje sie do 99,45 czesci wagowych stopu saletry amonowej przed II stopniem wyparki. Nastepnie dokonuje sie neutralizacji stopu amoniakiem i podaje sie na II stopien wyparki, a nastepnie granuluje metoda wiezowa. Uzyskany produkt zawiera okolo 0,003% zwiazków glinu w przeliczeniu na czysty glin i okolo 0,7% siarczanu amonu.Przyklad II. 2 czesci wagowe bezpostaciowego tlenku glinu dysperguje sie w 98 czesciach wagowych technicznego kwasu siarkowego. 0,5 czesci wagowych tak uzyskanej mieszaniny dodaje sie do 99,5 czesci wagowych stopu saletry amonowej i postepuje jak w przykladzie I. Uzyskany produkt zawiera okolo 0,005% zwiazków glinu w przeliczeniu na czysty glin i okolo 0,7% siarczanu amonu.Przyklad III. 1 czesc wagowa technicznego azotanu glinu rozpuszcza sie w 96 procentowym kwa¬ sie siarkowym (99 czesci wagowych). 0,5 czesci wagowych tak uzyskanego roztworu dodaje sie do 99,5 czesci wagowych stopu saletry amonowej i postepuje jak w przykladzie I. Uzyskany produkt zawiera okolo 0,001% zwiazków glinu w przeliczeniu na czysty glin i okolo 0,5% siarczanu amonu.Uzyskana sposobem wedlug przykladów I, II i III granulowana saletra amonowa charakteryzuje sie wysoka wytrzymaloscia granul na sciskanie wynoszaca okolo 3 kg dla granul o srednicy rzedu 2 mm, oraz niewielka kruchoscia, co pozwala jej wytrzymac dlugotrwaly transport.Uzyskana dotychczas znanym sposobem granulowana saletra amonowa wykazuje wytrzymalosc na sciska¬ nie rzedu 0,5 kG,a w transporcie ulega kruszeniu i w konsekwencji zbryleniu. PLThe patent description was published: 28/02/1985 125313 Int. CL * C05C 1/00 C05C 1/02 reading room] Patent Office and [III | iTlfTIUUllitll I | Creators of the invention: Witold Pagowski, Andrzej Tarnowski, Bernard Dyrda, Wojciech Wolski, Ryszard Chojnacki, Stanislaw Serafinowicz, Bohdan Subocz, Andrzej Drygulski Authorized by the patent: Institute of Organic Industry, Warsaw (Poland) Manufacturing method of granulated ammonium nitrate with the addition of aluminum in the form of its compounds Invention concerns agricultural production of granulated ammonium nitrate. Granulated ammonium nitrate, used mainly as an agricultural mineral fertilizer, is repeatedly transhipped and stored and is intended for mechanical sowing into the soil. These are the reasons for the relevant requirements in terms of chemical and physical properties. One of the basic disadvantages of pure granulated ammonium nitrate are inadequate mechanical properties of granules, characterized by low strength and inadequate hardness. The lack of these properties causes the granules to crumble during transport and storage, which in turn causes the agglomeration of ammonium nitrate. A known method of counteracting this phenomenon consists in adding ammonium nitrate to the melt before granulation, crystalline aluminum sulphate in the amount of 0.01 to 0.05% based on pure aluminum. Ammonium sulphate in an amount of about 0.5% or an equivalent amount of sulfuric acid is also added to this alloy. Although this procedure leads to a certain improvement in the mechanical properties of the granulate, it causes considerable technological difficulties. Powdered aluminum sulphate added to the melt does not dissolve completely in the melt, which causes its deposition in certain nodes of the production equipment, making it difficult to conduct and control the process of producing granulated ammonium nitrate and to control the amount of sulphates added to the final product. Besides, the obtained ammonium nitrate still has too low pellet strength. Unexpectedly it was found that if aluminum compounds, such as bottom, sulphate, nitrate or alum, dissolved or dispersed in concentrated sulfuric acid, were added to the ammonium nitrate melt, the final product obtained from this alloy had new, especially good mechanical properties of the granules. It was also found that this effect is obtained already by adding 10-20 times lower amount of aluminum compounds to the alloy, calculated as pure aluminum, than in the case of the previous method. 2 125 313 The method of producing granulated ammonium nitrate with aluminum addition in in the form of its compounds such as oxide, sulphate, nitrate or alunas, it consists in adding the said aluminum compounds dissolved or dispersed in concentrated sulfuric acid to the ammonium salter melt. The alloy obtained in this way is further processed by a known method, ie pH adjustment, drying to the required humidity and granulation, e.g. by the tower method. Aluminum compounds are added to the nitrate melt in an amount of at least 0.0005%, based on pure aluminum. The granulated ammonium nitrate obtained according to the invention has new, particularly advantageous mechanical properties, characterized by high compressive strength and, accordingly, low brittleness. granules. In addition, these effects are obtained by adding much smaller amounts of additives to the nitrate melt than in the previously used method, which allows to obtain ammonium nitrate with a much higher degree of purity. An additional advantage of the method according to the invention is the ease of dosing the desired amounts of aluminum compounds to the nitrate melt and controlling the uniformity of their concentration in the alloy, and the elimination of the need to periodically clean the technological equipment from deposits of aluminum compounds, which is associated with the need to disable it and stop the production of ammonium nitrate. Example I. 7 parts by weight of technical aluminum sulphate are added to 93 parts by weight of concentrated technical sulfuric acid. 0.55 parts by weight of the colloidal solution thus obtained is added to 99.45 parts by weight of the ammonium nitrate alloy before the second stage of the evaporator. Next, the alloy is neutralized with ammonia and fed to the second stage of the evaporator, and then granulated by the tower method. The obtained product contains about 0.003% aluminum compounds in terms of pure aluminum and about 0.7% ammonium sulfate. Example II. 2 parts by weight of amorphous alumina are dispersed in 98 parts by weight of technical sulfuric acid. 0.5 parts by weight of the mixture obtained in this way is added to 99.5 parts by weight of an alloy of ammonium nitrate and the procedure is as in example I. The obtained product contains about 0.005% aluminum compounds based on pure aluminum and about 0.7% ammonium sulfate. . 1 part by weight of technical aluminum nitrate is dissolved in 96% sulfuric acid (99 parts by weight). 0.5 parts by weight of the solution obtained in this way is added to 99.5 parts by weight of an ammonium nitrate alloy and the procedure is as in example I. The obtained product contains about 0.001% aluminum compounds in terms of pure aluminum and about 0.5% ammonium sulfate. According to examples I, II and III, granulated ammonium nitrate is characterized by high compressive strength of granules of about 3 kg for granules with a diameter of 2 mm, and low brittleness, which allows it to withstand long-term transport. The granulated ammonium nitrate obtained so far shows resistance to Compression of the order of 0.5 kg, and during transport it crumbles and, as a consequence, lumps. PL

Claims (2)

Zastrzezenia patentowe 1. Sposób wytwarzania granulowanej saletry amonowej z dodatkiem glinu w postaci jego zwiazków typu tlenku, siarczanu, azotanu lub alunów, znamienny tym, ze wymienione zwiazki glinu dodaje sie do stopu saletry amonowej rozpuszczone lub zdyspergowane w stezonym kwasie siarkowym, po czym tak otrzyma¬ ny stop poddaje sie dalszej obróbce znanym sposobem.Claims 1. Method for the production of granulated ammonium nitrate with the addition of aluminum in the form of its compounds such as oxide, sulphate, nitrate or alunas, characterized in that the said compounds of aluminum are added to the ammonium nitrate melt dissolved or dispersed in concentrated sulfuric acid, and then obtained This alloy is further processed in a known manner. 2. Sposób wedlug zastrz., 1 znamienny tym, ze zwiazki glinu dodaje sie do stopu saletry w ilos¬ ci co najmniej 0,0005% w przeliczeniu na czysty glin. Pracownia Poligraficzna UP PRL. Naklad 100 egz. Cena 100 zl PL2. A method according to claim 1, characterized in that the aluminum compounds are added to the nitrate melt in an amount of at least 0.0005% of pure aluminum. Printing workshop of the UP PRL. Mintage 100 copies. Price PLN 100 PL
PL22303980A 1980-03-27 1980-03-27 Method of manufacture of granular ammonium nitrate with addition of aluminium in the form of its compounds PL125313B1 (en)

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PL125313B1 true PL125313B1 (en) 1983-04-30

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