PL123937B1 - Method of treatment of molybdenum containing pickle liquors - Google Patents

Method of treatment of molybdenum containing pickle liquors Download PDF

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Publication number
PL123937B1
PL123937B1 PL1979219806A PL21980679A PL123937B1 PL 123937 B1 PL123937 B1 PL 123937B1 PL 1979219806 A PL1979219806 A PL 1979219806A PL 21980679 A PL21980679 A PL 21980679A PL 123937 B1 PL123937 B1 PL 123937B1
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Prior art keywords
molybdenum
ammonia water
ammonia
neutralized
wastewater
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PL1979219806A
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Polish (pl)
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PL219806A1 (en
Inventor
Tadeusz Wolski
Maria Zelent
Marek Kos
Zygmunt Karabanowicz
Marian Sikorski
Wlodzimierz Kiszczak
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Akad Medyczna
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Priority to PL1979219806A priority Critical patent/PL123937B1/en
Publication of PL219806A1 publication Critical patent/PL219806A1/xx
Publication of PL123937B1 publication Critical patent/PL123937B1/en
Priority to PL1984249806A priority patent/PL143139B3/en
Priority to PL1984250045A priority patent/PL143141B3/en

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    • YGENERAL TAGGING OF NEW TECHNOLOGICAL DEVELOPMENTS; GENERAL TAGGING OF CROSS-SECTIONAL TECHNOLOGIES SPANNING OVER SEVERAL SECTIONS OF THE IPC; TECHNICAL SUBJECTS COVERED BY FORMER USPC CROSS-REFERENCE ART COLLECTIONS [XRACs] AND DIGESTS
    • Y02TECHNOLOGIES OR APPLICATIONS FOR MITIGATION OR ADAPTATION AGAINST CLIMATE CHANGE
    • Y02ATECHNOLOGIES FOR ADAPTATION TO CLIMATE CHANGE
    • Y02A40/00Adaptation technologies in agriculture, forestry, livestock or agroalimentary production
    • Y02A40/10Adaptation technologies in agriculture, forestry, livestock or agroalimentary production in agriculture
    • Y02A40/20Fertilizers of biological origin, e.g. guano or fertilizers made from animal corpses

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Description

Przedmiotem wynalazku jest sposób obróbki scie¬ ków potrawiennych zawierajacych molibden, po¬ wstajacych zwlaszcza przy produkcji skretek wol¬ framowych do zarówek elektrycznych, z jednoczes¬ nym otrzymywaniem nawozów azotowych.Przy produkcji zarówek elektrycznych, odpowied¬ niej srednicy drut wolframowy nawija sie na rdzen z drutu molibdenowego ,który nastepnie wytrawia sie w mieszaninie trawiacej, skladajacej sie ze ste¬ zonego kwasu siarkowego i azotowego. Powstaje w ten sposób skretka drutu wolframowego, która montuje sie do wnetrza zarówki. Drut molibdenowy natomiast ulega w tych warunkach calkowitemu rozpuszczeniu, przechodzac w anion molibdenowy.Tak wiec, w zakladach produkujacych zródla swia¬ tla, powstaje duza ilosc scieków potrawiennych za¬ wierajacych w swym skladzie oprócz stezonego kwasu siarkowego i azotowego, znaczne ilosci mo¬ libdenu, siegajace niekiedy od 80 do 100 g. molib¬ denu w przeliczeniu na czysty molibden na 1 dcm8 roztworu oraz nieznaczne ilosci wolframu oraz ewentualnie innych pierwiastków, jak na przyklad zelazo. Ze wzgledu na duza agresywnosc chemiczna, mieszanina trawiaca, która zawiera ooklo 250 do 300 g HNO3/I dm« oraz 300 do 600 g H2S04/1 dm*, przed odprowadzeniem do scieków musi byc neutra¬ lizowana.Jedna ze stosowanych metod neutralizacji scieków potrawiennych i odzysku zawartego w nich molib¬ denu polega na traktowaniu rozcienczonych czteró- 10 15 20 25 90 krotnie scieków potrwawiennych roztworem okolo 38% chlorku wapnia, który w pierwszym etapie wy¬ traca jon siarczanowy w postaci siarczanu wapnia.Osad ten odfiltrowuje sie na filtrach kwasoodpor- nych od roztworu zawierajacego kwas azotowy, kwas solny, chlorek wapnia oraz rozpuszczony molibden.W drugim etapie otrzymany roztwór, po przetrans¬ portowaniu do innego zbiornika, zobojetniany jest 20% roztworem lugu sodowego, do uzyskania pH 7—8.W podwyzszonej temperaturze i w srodowisku obojetnym aniony molibdenianowe reaguja z nad¬ miarem jonów wapniowych dajac trudnorozpusz- czalny molibdenian wapnia, który odfiltrowuje sie, nastepnie suszy i pakuje. Uzyskiwany W ten sposób molibdenian wapnia próbowano stosowac w hutnic¬ twie, jak jednak okazalo sie, zawiera on zbyt duze ilosci siarki w postaci siarczanów, co jest niedo¬ puszczalne w technologii hutniczej.Poniewaz uzyskiwany opisana metoda molibden nie byl przydatny dla celów hutniczych, a sama metoda jest dosc skomplikowana i pracochlonna, glównie ze wzgledu na koniecznosc operowania znacznymi ilosciami roztworów o duzej agresywno¬ sci chemicznej oraz dwukrotnego filtrowania osa¬ dów, obecnie coraz czesciej stosuje sie bezposrednia neutralizacje kapieli trawiacej wapnem. Neutraliza¬ cje wapnem prowadzi sie do uzyskania odczynu obo¬ jetnego i wytracenia mieszaniny molibdenianu wap¬ nia wraz z siarczanem wapnia, która odfiltrowuje 123 937123 937 4 sie i wywozi na wysypiska odpadów. W ten sposób tracony jest cenny molibden, a ponadto w obydwu opisanych metodach w lugach pofiltracyjnych pozo¬ staja zawsze pewne ilosci niewytraconego molib¬ denu.Sposób wedlug wynalazku usuwa powyzsze nie¬ dogodnosci i pozwala na pelne odzyskanie i za¬ gospodarowanie molibdenu oraz kwasów zawartych w sciekach potrawiennych w sposób prosty i malo pracochlonny.Istota sposobu wedlug wynalazku polegn na zo¬ bojetnieniu mieszaniny potrawiennej woda amonia¬ kalna lub gazowym amoniakiem do pH 1,0 —3,5 ko¬ rzystnie do pH = 2, odfiltrowania wytraconego osa¬ du molibdenianów, które nastepnie rozpuszcza sie w nadmiarze wody amoniakalnej i poddaje dalsze¬ mu oczyszczaniu lub przeróbce na uzyteczne zwiazki molibdenu znanymi metodami, natomiast filtrat zo¬ bojetnia sie do pH 7—8 przez dodanie wody amo¬ niakalnej lub gazowym amoniakiem. Uzyskany roz¬ twór bedacy plynnym nawozem azotowym wzboga¬ conym w molibden moze byc stosowany bezposred¬ nio lub po zatezeniu i krystalizacji, w wyniku któ¬ rej powstaje mieszanina siarczanu i azotanu amonu z dodatkiem molibdenianów amonu.Okolo 65% molibdenu zawartego w sciekach po¬ trawiennych zostaje odzyskane w postaci molibde¬ nianów amonu przy neutralizacji wstepnej do pH 1—3, a pozostaly molibden stanowi skladnik uzys¬ kanego w drugiej neutralizacji nawozu mineralne¬ go, jako mikroelement.Innym rodzajem odzysku molibdenu jest calkowi¬ te zobojetnoienie mieszaniny potrawiennej do pH 7—8 gazowym amoniakiem lub woda amonia¬ kalna. Tak uzyskany roztwór stanowi plynny kon¬ centrat nawozu azotowego wzbogaconego w molib¬ den, który stosuje sie bezposrednio po rozcienczeniu lub tez po zatezeniu i krystalizacji.Uzyskany mineralny nawóz w postaci plynnej lub krystalicznej zawiera znacznie wyzsze ilosci molib¬ denu jako koncenrat, przed zastosowaniem w rol¬ nictwie, musi byc odpowiednio rozcienczony. Jak wynika z przecietnego skladu miszanin potrawien¬ nych zawartosc molibdenianu amonu w uzyskanych wedlug tego sposobu nawozie mineralnym wynosi do 20% w przeliczeniu na sucha mase.Realizacja sposobu wedlug wynalazku nie wyma¬ ga budowy skomplikowanych ciagów technologicz¬ nych, a sam proces moze byc wykonany z uzyciem dostepnych i tanich suroców, jakim jest woda amo¬ niakalna i gazowy amoniak.Sposób wedlug wynalazku pozwala na calkowite zagospodarowanie i odzysk ze scieków potrawien¬ nych zarówno tak cennego pierwiastka jakim jest molibden, jak równiez utylizacje agresywnej che¬ micznie mieszaniny kwasów azotowego i siarkowego w postaci cennych nawozów azotowych zawieraja¬ cych jednoczesnie pewne ilosci molibdenu jako mik¬ roelementy. Znaczenie tego pierwiastka dla produk¬ cji rolniczej opisane jest szeroko w literaturze (J. Burkin "Znaczenie molibdenu w produkcji rol¬ niczej" PWRiL W-wa 1976 r). Molibden bowiem jest niezbednym skladnikiem pokarmowym dla roslin wyzszych oraz symbiotycznych i autotraficznych 5 mikroorganizmów glebowych. Stwierdzono istotny wplyw molibdenu na tworzenie sie, nagromadzenie i stabilnosc chlorofilu, karotenu i innych barwni¬ ków, bilans azotu, bilans wody, odpornosc na niskie temperatury i szereg innych czynników. 10 Przyklad I. Do reaktora szklanego typu „Si- max" o pojemnosci 20 dm* wyposazonego w miesza¬ dlo i wezownice szklana dodano scieki potrawienne w ilosci 10 dm8 o skladzie: Mo — 89,2 g/dm* Fe — 0,06 g/dm3, W — 0,3 g/dm», MNOs — 298 g/dm3, 15 H*S04 — 318 g/dma i przy uruchomionym mieszadle dozowano 25% roztwór wody amoniakalnej do uzyskania pH roztworu 2. Wytracony osad odsacza¬ no i przemyto kilkakrotnie woda destylowana, a na¬ stepnie wysuszono w temperaturze 80 — 90°C. Otrzy- 20 mano 1,01 kg osadu mieszaniny molibdenianów amo¬ nu. Filtrat natomiast przepompowano ponownie do reaktora szklanego i zobojetniano woda amoniakal¬ na do pH 7, a nastepnie podano zatezaniu i krysta¬ lizacji. Uzyskano 7,920 kg wysuszonego w 105°C osa- 25 du mieszaniny azotanu i siarczanu amonu oraz mo¬ libdenianów amonu o zawartosci 4,94% molibdenu.Przyklad II. Do reaktora jak w przykladzie I dodano scieki potrawienne o skladzie chemicznym jak w przykladzie I, w ilosci 10 dm* i przy urucho- 30 mionym mieszadle dozowano 25% roztwór wody amoniakalnej do uzyskania pH 7. Uzyskany roztwór zatezono i poddano krystalizacji, po czym wydzielo¬ ne krysztaly odsaczono i wysuszono w temperaturze 100°C. Uzyskano 8,830 kg produktu stanowiacego 35 mieszanie azotanu siarczanu amonu oraz molibde¬ nianów amonu o zawartosci 9,85% molibdenu.Zastrzezenia patentowe 1. Sposób obróbki scieków potrawiennych zawie- 40 rajacy molibden, powstajacych zwlaszcza przy pro¬ dukcji skretek wolframowych do zarówek elektrycz¬ nych, na drodze neutralizacji, znamienny tym, ze scieki neutralizuje sie woda amoniakalna lub gazo¬ wym amoniakiem do pH 1,0 — 3,5 korzystnie do 45 pH = 2, po czym wytracony osad molibdenianów odziela sie i rozpuszcza w wodzie amoniakalnej, a nastepnie poddaje dalszemu oczyszczaniu lub prze¬ róbce na uzyteczne zwiazki molibdenu, znanymi me¬ todami, natomiast filtrat po oddzieleniu osadu mo- 50 libdenianów zobojetnia sie woda amoniakalna lub gazowym amoniakiem do pH 7—8 lub tez zateza sie i krystalizuje. 2. Sposób obróbki scieków potrawiennych zawie¬ rajacych molibden, powstajacych zwlaszcza przy 55 produkcji skretek wolframowych do zarówek elek¬ trycznych, na drodze neutralizacji, znamienny tym, ze scieki neutralizuje sie woda amoniakalna lub gazowym amoniakiem do pH 7—8, po czym uzyska¬ ny roztwór roztwór rozciencza sie lub tez zateza sie w i krystalizuje.ZGK 1002/1100/84 — 90 egz.Cena zl 100,— PL PL PL PLThe subject of the invention is a method of treating digestive wastewater containing molybdenum, arising especially in the production of tungsten strands for electric light bulbs, with the simultaneous preparation of nitrogen fertilizers. In the production of electric bulbs, the tungsten wire of a suitable diameter is wound on a core of molybdenum wire which is then etched in an etching mixture of concentrated sulfuric and nitric acids. This creates a twisted pair of tungsten wire, which is mounted inside the bulb. On the other hand, the molybdenum wire dissolves completely under these conditions, transforming into the molybdenum anion. Thus, in plants producing light sources, a large amount of digestive wastewater is formed, containing in its composition, in addition to concentrated sulfuric and nitric acid, significant amounts of molybdenum, sometimes ranging from 80 to 100 g of molybdenum in terms of pure molybdenum per 1 dm3 of the solution, and small amounts of tungsten and possibly other elements, such as iron. Due to the high chemical aggressiveness, the pickling mixture, which contains about 250 to 300 g HNO3 / 1 dm2 and 300 to 600 g H2SO4 / 1 dm *, must be neutralized before being discharged into the sewage. and the recovery of the molybdenum contained in them consists in treating the four-to-90-fold diluted waste water with a solution of about 38% calcium chloride, which in the first stage produces the sulfate ion in the form of calcium sulfate. This sediment is filtered on acid-resistant filters. - from a solution containing nitric acid, hydrochloric acid, calcium chloride and dissolved molybdenum. In the second stage, the obtained solution, after being transferred to another container, is neutralized with a 20% sodium lug solution, until the pH is 7-8. At elevated temperature and in an inert environment, the molybdate anions react with the excess of calcium ions to give hardly soluble calcium molybdate, which is filtered off and then dried y and packs. The calcium molybdate obtained in this way was tried to be used in metallurgy, but it turned out that it contains too much sulfur in the form of sulphates, which is unacceptable in metallurgical technology. Because the described method was not useful for metallurgical purposes, and The method itself is quite complicated and labor-intensive, mainly due to the necessity to handle large amounts of solutions with high chemical aggressiveness and to filter the sediments twice, nowadays direct neutralization of the etching bath with lime is used more and more often. Neutralization with lime is carried out to obtain a neutral reaction and to precipitate a mixture of calcium molybdate and calcium sulphate, which is filtered out and taken to landfills. In this way, valuable molybdenum is lost, and in addition, in both methods described, some amounts of unreacted molybdenum always remain in the filter slurry. The method according to the invention removes the above inconveniences and allows for full recovery and management of molybdenum and the acids contained in the filter slurry. The essence of the method according to the invention consists in the hydrogenation of the digestive mixture with ammonia water or gaseous ammonia to a pH of 1.0-3.5, preferably to a pH of 2, filtering of the precipitated molybdate sediment which is then dissolved in an excess of ammonia water and subjected to further purification or processing into useful molybdenum compounds by known methods, while the filtrate is turned to pH 7-8 by the addition of ammonia water or gaseous ammonia. The obtained solution, which is a liquid nitrogen fertilizer enriched in molybdenum, can be used directly or after concentration and crystallization, as a result of which a mixture of ammonium sulphate and nitrate with the addition of ammonium molybdates is formed. About 65% of molybdenum contained in the sewage effluent. digestion is recovered in the form of ammonium molybdates in the initial neutralization to pH 1-3, and the remaining molybdenum is a component of the mineral fertilizer obtained in the second neutralization as a micronutrient. Another type of molybdenum recovery is the complete neutralization of the digestive mixture to pH 7-8 with ammonia gas or ammonia water. The solution thus obtained is a liquid concentrate of molybdenum-enriched nitrogen fertilizer, which is applied directly after dilution or after concentration and crystallization. The obtained mineral fertilizer in liquid or crystalline form contains much higher amounts of molybdenum as a concentrate, before being used in agriculture, it must be properly diluted. As it results from the average composition of digestible mixates, the content of ammonium molybdate in the mineral fertilizer obtained according to this method is up to 20% in terms of dry mass. The implementation of the method according to the invention does not require the construction of complicated technological sequences, and the process itself can be performed with the use of available and cheap raw materials, such as ammonia water and gaseous ammonia. The method according to the invention allows for complete management and recovery from the treated sewage both of such a valuable element as molybdenum, as well as the utilization of chemically aggressive mixtures of nitric acids and sulfur in the form of valuable nitrogen fertilizers containing at the same time certain amounts of molybdenum as micronutrients. The importance of this element for agricultural production is widely described in the literature (J. Burkin "The importance of molybdenum in agricultural production" PWRiL Warsaw 1976). Molybdenum is an indispensable nutrient for higher plants, as well as symbiotic and autotrafic soil microorganisms. Molybdenum has been found to have a significant effect on the formation, accumulation and stability of chlorophyll, carotene and other dyes, nitrogen balance, water balance, resistance to low temperatures and a number of other factors. Example I. To a glass reactor of the "Si-max" type with a capacity of 20 dm *, equipped with a stirrer and a glass coil, 10 dm8 digestion wastewater was added, composed of: Mo - 89.2 g / dm * Fe - 0.06 g / dm3, W - 0.3 g / dm3, MNOs - 298 g / dm3, 15 H * SO4 - 318 g / dm3 and, while the agitator was running, 25% ammonia water solution was dosed until the pH of solution 2 was obtained. was washed and washed several times with distilled water, and then dried at 80-90 ° C. 1.01 kg of a precipitate of ammonium molybdate mixture was obtained. The filtrate was pumped back into the glass reactor and the ammonia water was neutralized to pH. 7, followed by concentration and crystallization. 7.920 kg of the precipitate dried at 105 ° C of a mixture of nitrate and ammonium sulphate and ammonium molybdates with a molybdenum content of 4.94% were obtained. digestion sewage was added with a chemical composition as in example I, in the amount of 10 dm * and with the agitator turned on 25% ammonia water solution was dosed to obtain a pH of 7. The resulting solution was concentrated and crystallized, and the separated crystals were filtered off and dried at 100 ° C. The obtained product was 8.830 kg, which was a mixture of ammonium sulphate nitrate and ammonium molybdates with a content of 9.85% molybdenum. by neutralization, characterized in that the wastewater is neutralized with ammonia water or gaseous ammonia to a pH of 1.0 - 3.5, preferably to a pH of 45, pH = 2, then the precipitated molybdate sediment is separated and dissolved in ammonia water, and then it is subjected to further purification or conversion to useful molybdenum compounds by known methods, while the filtrate, after separating the precipitate of molybdates, is neutralized with ammonia water or gaseous ammonia to pH 7-8 or concentrated and crystallized. 2. A method of treating digestive wastewater containing molybdenum, especially in the production of tungsten strands for electric bulbs, by neutralization, characterized in that the wastewater is neutralized with ammonia water or gaseous ammonia to a pH of 7-8, and then obtained The solution is diluted or concentrated and crystallized. ZGK 1002/1100/84 - 90 copies Price PLN 100, - PL PL PL PL

Claims (2)

1. Zastrzezenia patentowe 1. Sposób obróbki scieków potrawiennych zawie- 40 rajacy molibden, powstajacych zwlaszcza przy pro¬ dukcji skretek wolframowych do zarówek elektrycz¬ nych, na drodze neutralizacji, znamienny tym, ze scieki neutralizuje sie woda amoniakalna lub gazo¬ wym amoniakiem do pH 1,0 — 3,5 korzystnie do 45 pH = 2, po czym wytracony osad molibdenianów odziela sie i rozpuszcza w wodzie amoniakalnej, a nastepnie poddaje dalszemu oczyszczaniu lub prze¬ róbce na uzyteczne zwiazki molibdenu, znanymi me¬ todami, natomiast filtrat po oddzieleniu osadu mo- 50 libdenianów zobojetnia sie woda amoniakalna lub gazowym amoniakiem do pH 7—8 lub tez zateza sie i krystalizuje.1. Claims 1. Method of treating digestive wastewater containing molybdenum, formed especially in the production of tungsten strands for electric bulbs, by neutralization, characterized in that the wastewater is neutralized with ammonia water or gaseous ammonia to pH 1.0 - 3.5, preferably to 45 pH = 2, after which the precipitated molybdate sediment is washed and dissolved in ammonia water, and then subjected to further purification or processing into useful molybdenum compounds, using known methods, and the filtrate after separation the precipitate of monolabdates is neutralized with ammonia water or gaseous ammonia to a pH of 7-8 or it is concentrated and crystallized. 2. Sposób obróbki scieków potrawiennych zawie¬ rajacych molibden, powstajacych zwlaszcza przy 55 produkcji skretek wolframowych do zarówek elek¬ trycznych, na drodze neutralizacji, znamienny tym, ze scieki neutralizuje sie woda amoniakalna lub gazowym amoniakiem do pH 7—8, po czym uzyska¬ ny roztwór roztwór rozciencza sie lub tez zateza sie w i krystalizuje. ZGK 1002/1100/84 — 90 egz. Cena zl 100,— PL PL PL PL2. A method of treating digestive wastewater containing molybdenum, especially in the production of tungsten strands for electric bulbs, by neutralization, characterized in that the wastewater is neutralized with ammonia water or gaseous ammonia to a pH of 7-8, and then obtained The new solution is either diluted or concentrated and crystallized. ZGK 1002/1100/84 - 90 copies. Price PLN 100, - PL PL PL PL
PL1979219806A 1979-11-21 1979-11-21 Method of treatment of molybdenum containing pickle liquors PL123937B1 (en)

Priority Applications (3)

Application Number Priority Date Filing Date Title
PL1979219806A PL123937B1 (en) 1979-11-21 1979-11-21 Method of treatment of molybdenum containing pickle liquors
PL1984249806A PL143139B3 (en) 1979-11-21 1984-09-28 Method of treating etching process effluent which contains molybdenum
PL1984250045A PL143141B3 (en) 1979-11-21 1984-10-10 Method of treating post-etching effluents containing molybdenum

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PL1979219806A PL123937B1 (en) 1979-11-21 1979-11-21 Method of treatment of molybdenum containing pickle liquors

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PL219806A1 PL219806A1 (en) 1981-06-19
PL123937B1 true PL123937B1 (en) 1982-12-31

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