PL114630B1 - Heating wall of coke oven - Google Patents

Description

The subject of the invention is a heating wall in a coke oven having a coking chamber limited by heating walls equipped with vertical heating channels grouped in pairs.

Coke ovens are known with horizontal coking chambers, limited by heating walls, composed of vertical heating channels grouped in pairs. Each pair of vertical channels in the walls is fenced off. on the second pair a tight partition. Each pair of vertical channels has an action wall with a hole in the top. The recess is intended to transfer the combustion products from one vertical channel to another. In the lower part, the partition wall also has a recirculation opening.

During the operation of the coke oven, gas and air are introduced into one of the vertical heating channels of each pair. In this way, combustion takes place simultaneously in half of all vertical heating channels of the walls. Combustion products pass through the blown hole into the second, interconnected channel, go down it downstream and into the regenator. A part of the products returns through the recirculation opening to the vertical heating channel where the combustion takes place.

The direction of the gas streams in the interconnected vertical heating channels changes cyclically, that is, combustion in one channel and discharge of the combustion products through the other channels take place alternately. In this case, a predetermined quantity of combustion products passes continuously to one side or the other through the bore.

The heat obtained as a result of combustion passes into the coke chamber of the furnace, where the coal charge passes into coke without air access.

In the coking process, the carbon charge settles. Depending on the composition and granularity of the coal charge and the quality of the coal, the amount of settling of the charge varies. The necessary level of heating, ie the distance from the upper part of the coking chamber to the upper part of the blast hole, is selected for a given coke battery according to the expected settling of the charge.

However, in the process of operating a coke battery, the raw material base and the quality of the coal change, and with them the settling of the charge changes accordingly, which, at a constant level of heating of the coke ovens of a given battery, causes underheating or overheating of the upper part of the coal block. This leads to deterioration in the quality of the coke, deterioration of the operating conditions of the coke ovens and losses in efficiency.

Various technological procedures are used to overcome the above-mentioned disadvantages. In the event of shrinkage of the coal charge below 30 the calculated heating level, the upper part of the coal charge 114 630fWOIW%. "&" And #! Amjoi of coal thickens it with a leveling agent or the height of the space above the coking chamber ceiling is shortened I , .g ^ jweze.. ™ ".pin ^ ... new ducts of the heating wall, the burning of gifephite-forming deposits on the walls and on the ceiling of the Coke Chamber (work with an unloaded furnace) or any * and combination of the above-mentioned procedures are also used etc. All the above-mentioned measures are aimed at preventing overheating of the top part of the coke lump and the temperature in the upper part of the coking chamber.t When the coal charge settles above the designated level, the charging of the charge into the coking chamber is reduced or the coking time is increased or the treatments simultaneously.

The above-mentioned technological procedures are, however, very effective, and their implementation requires maintenance expenses. In order to prevent overheating or underheating of the coal charge, efforts were made to introduce the possibility of regulating the heating level of the coke oven by changing the structure of the heating walls.

There is known from the German patent description No. 677,101 a coke oven with a horizontal coking chamber with mercury between the walls; heating channels having vertical heating channels arranged in pairs. In the upper part of the partition wall of the interconnected vertical heating channels there is a hole with a fixed lower edge.

The covering of the vertical heating channels and the upper part of the partition wall forming the upper edge of the bore are removable. The regulation of the heating level of the coke oven should be done by rounding the upper edge of the opening by replacing the short upper part of the partition wall with a long one and installing an additional cover.

It is difficult to make such a furnace in industrial conditions because it is caused by the necessity to dismantle the cover of the heating wall, which requires a huge investment. In addition, the basic mass of the combustion products passes through the bottom of the bore.

Manipulating the upper edge of the opening only slightly heats up the upper part of the vertical heating channels. At the same time the change, a;,. in particular, the reduction of the effective cross-section of the bore will increase the hydraulic resistance of the bore and will disturb the hydraulic conditions of the heating system of the coke oven.

From RiFjN Patent No. 1671325 a horizontal coke oven chamber is known having a horizontal coking chamber arranged between heating walls having vertical heating channels arranged in pairs. In the upper part of the partition wall of the interconnected vertical heating channels there are basic and additional flue holes above them. Between the aforementioned openings there is a junction of vertical heating channels, and an additional one, which p (ri | jdffba | tfia | soba extension of one of the pipno? Calla4ow ^ gizew-, -. »^ Wc ^ ck ^^ inav * «Fttw6t« ^ 6a8fflliy, smaller than the main channel opening 5. In the upper part of the additional channel, it has a shutter for its okTj ^^^ Q ^^ snapping:. "Ri: 'f';" "" 'M '"' * 'l' ^^^ 0M.

According to the old tecfiniki reg ^ d ^^^^^ mu of coke oven heating povj ^ iiMm ^: pTze-! $ .-. Carried out by feeding part of combustion through the tax chambers and the bore from one vertical heating channel to the second. However, the basic mass of the combustion products passes through the shorter path, that is through the primary bore. Therefore, a small part of the combustion products may pass through the additional borehole, which may essentially influence the temperature control of the upper part of the heating channels and, consequently, the heating of the coke body. Moreover, the presence of a connection in the upper part of the vertical heating channels causes the formation of hydraulic resistance and reduces the transfer of heat from the top of the vertical walls of the heating channels to the coal charge.

In German Patent Specifications No. 16713H9 and US Patent No. 3,519,541 there is described a coke oven brush having a horizontal coking chamber located between 30 heating walls having vertical heating channels arranged in pairs. In the upper part of the partition wall of the interconnected heating channels there are two hole openings located one above the other. Rectangular indentations are made in the places where the openings are placed in the vertical walls of the heating ducts, on the projections of which gate blocks are located, allowing for a progressive-retractable movement in order to sequentially close one or the other borehole.

The regulation of the heating level in the described coke oven is carried out as follows. When the lower blower opening is closed and the upper blast opening is opened, the combustion products pass from one vertical channel to the other channel through the upper opening and vice versa when the gate blocks are displaced. Manipulation of the gate blocks makes it possible to regulate the temperature of the upper part of the vertical heating channels and the temperature in the upper part of the coking chamber accordingly. However, filling, in the walls of vertical heating channels, of rectangular hollows with the valve blocks placed in them, increases the hydraulic resistance to the movement of the gas stream. In addition, the transmission of cdepla to the coking chamber is reduced in the places where the gate blocks adjoin the vertical walls of the heating channels. It should also be taken into account that the filling in the partition wall of the vertical heating channels of two flute openings with the necessary area of their active cross-section takes up a significant part of it in height, which practically requires the possibility of regulating the heating. Doniewai114 630 5 The various coal charges have a much smaller axle size. high-rise.

There is a known heating wall of a coke oven with a horizontal coking chamber, having vertical heating channels arranged in pairs, and in each pair the channels are divided by a wall with a hole in the upper part having guides with grooves in which an extendable gate block is located. a means for introducing the cable hook and displacing it.

The grooved guides are horizontal and placed on the cornices adjoining the upper and lower edges of the rolled section, respectively, and projecting towards the center of the vertical heating duct. There is a second blind hole in the wall above the blind hole. Between the wall openings in the vertical heating channel, on its perimeter, there is a horizontal projection, forming a horizontal opening. An extendable gate block is located on the ledge intended for the guides.

The temperature in the upper part of the coking chamber is regulated as follows.

In the event of a need to increase the temperature in the upper part of the coking chamber, the combustion products pass from one vertical heating channel to the other through the upper blast hole. The bottom borehole is closed with an extendable gate block, the horizontal bore connected by the horizontal projection is open and vice versa.

Despite the fact that the extendable design of the gate blocks reduces their weight, facilitating their movement, and consequently the temperature regulation in the upper part of the coke oven, the described heating wall has disadvantages characteristic of coke ovens with heating walls in which the cross-section the active hole of the holes is closed with gate blocks, as well as its own drawbacks.

Thus, the presence in the vertical heating channel of the cornices and the protrusion will significantly increase the hydraulic resistance to the movement of the combustion products and reduce the active surface of heat transfer to the coal charge. Although it is known that the vertical heating duct should have a free cross-section and a minimum hydraulic resistance over its entire height, ie the walls of the ducts should not have thickenings, protrusions and fireproof elements mounted thereon. In addition, when opening the upper or lower dome opening in order to allow the passage of the combustion products to pass at the appropriate level, the gate blocks extend towards the vertical walls of the heating ducts, thus closing part of the wall surface, thereby deteriorating the transfer of heat to the coking chamber and to the coking chamber. coal charge.

The object of the invention is to construct a heating wall of a coke oven with a horizontal coking chamber, in which wall the construction of a blown hole in the partition wall of interconnected vertical heating channels arranged in pairs would guarantee a change of its position in the vertical line while maintaining the effective cross-sectional area of the blast hole and constant cross-section of vertical heating ducts over their entire height in order to change the heating level depending on settling the coal charge, i.e. to regulate the temperature in the upper ezesi of the coking chamber.

The construction of the heating wall of the coke oven according to the invention provides for the temperature change in the upper part of the coking chamber depending on the change in the settlement of the coal charge. The heating wall has the structure of a flue hole in the partition wall connected by 15 vertical heating channels, grouped in pairs, it ensures its vertical position change while maintaining the cross-sectional area of the flock opening and the constant cross-section of the vertical heating channels over their entire height.

The goal was achieved by constructing a heating wall of a coke oven with a horizontal coking chamber which has vertical heating channels grouped in pairs, separated in each pair in the upper part of the wall with a shaft opening, having grooved guides in which a gate block is placed. with a means for inserting a wire hook and its displacement to regulate the temperature of the upper part of the wall heating channels, and the gate block is provided on the sides with protrusions to engage in the guides, made in the side walls of the opening and arranged vertically, and the Either of them has a cut at the top which is greater than the length of each of the projections of the valve block, the center of gravity of the valve block being offset with respect to the longitudinal axis of the projections in the opposite direction to the leakage, in order to enabling the rotation and fixing, under the action of its own weight, of the position of the gate block in its upper position in the opening and changing the position of the opening vertically while essentially maintaining its cross-sectional area. 45 In the heating wall of the coke oven with a horizontal coking chamber there are vertical, grouped in pairs, heating channels, each pair of interconnected vertical channels is separated from each other, in the upper part, a wall with a 50-hole opening intended for transferring combustion products from one channel vertical to the other, the flue opening has grooved vertical guides, in each of them there is a cut in the upper part, a gate valve with a height less than. of the above-mentioned bore and having projections on the side walls extending into the guides, the center of gravity of the gate block shifted in relation to the longitudinal axis of the projections in the direction opposite to the direction of the leakage, having a height greater than the length of each of the projections of the gate valve block1, which is to enable - - under the influence of its own weight to turn and fix the position of the gate block in its upper position in the gate f and make it possible to change the position of said opening vertically while essentially its cross-sectional area for the purpose of regulating the temperature in the upper part of the vertical wall heating channels, and it has a means located in the gate block for inserting the cable hook therein and for displacing the block vertically.

Such a design of the heating wall of the coke oven 'provides', in comparison with the known technical solution, the possibility of changing the temperature in the upper part of the coking chamber by moving the gate block in the shaft opening to the upper or lower position. This makes it possible to coke coal charges with different settlements, i.e. coal charges of different quality. The vertical arrangement of the groove guides with the slide block inside them excludes the presence of various thickenings or protrusions inside the vertical heating channels, which protrusions and thickenings increase hydraulic resistance and reduce heat transfer through the wall, improve the quality of coke due to the possibility of regulation temperature in the upper part of the coking chamber for the necessary heating of the coke lump It is advisable to make in the gate block with the center of gravity shifted in the opposite direction to the guides leakage, the means for introducing the cable hook in the form of one conical cone through the displacing the center of gravity of the valve block to allow it to pivot in a vertical plane on the tendon hook.

In practice, in a gate block having a gravity position shifted in the opposite direction to the guide cut, a line is made for insertion of the cable hook as a cut in the side of the gate block, with the cut side having an inverse inclination with respect to • to a> horizontal line to ensure rotation of the gate valve in a vertical plane.

The subject matter of the invention is exemplified in the drawing, in which Fig. 1 shows the heating wall in cross-section with its upper part connected to the vertical threaded channels with a partition wall in the bore, in which grooved guides with cut-out are made, , Fig. 2 - the heating wall from Fig. 1 in a section along the line II-II, which shows the active sections of connected vertical heating channels and a gate block placed in the grooved guides, Fig. 3 - the heating wall from Fig. 2 in the cross-section along the line IdlMIU, which shows the hole. with a gate block in the lower position - Fig. 4 - a slide block with two tapered openings for insertion of a cable, side view, Fig. 5 - heating wall from Fig. 4 in a section along the line V1-V, Fig. 6 - a gate block with a partial section, with the intended cutout shown therein. for hook insertion, side view, Fig. 7 - gate block in section Fig. 6 along the line WI1 -WI, ig, 8 and - cutter block in cross section with a gate block in its upper position .

The coke oven has a horizontal coke oven chamber (not shown) located between the heating walls. The heating wall is constructed as a brick wall having in pairs connected vertical heating channels 1 and 2 (Fig. 1) with a ceiling 3 having technological channels 4 and 5. Each pair of vertical heating channels 1 and 2 connected in pairs has a partition wall 6 with the hole 7 (Fig. 2) in the upper part.

In the side walls of the flue opening 7 there are vertical groove guides 8. The upper part of the guides are provided with cuts 9, The guides 8 have a gate block 10. The gate block 10 has tabs 11 on its sides (Fig. 2), which enter into the grooves of the guides 8. and they have a length less than the height of each of the cutouts 9 of the guides 8. The center of gravity C of the gate block 10 is shifted in relation to the longitudinal axis of its projections 11. The gate block 10 has a center to the insertion. Insertion of hook 12 of link 13 and its displacement.

Figures 4 and 5 show an embodiment of a gate block 10, in which the hook 12 (tfg. 1) of the string 13 is made as two through, conical openings 14 (Figs. 4 and 5) with inverse conical shape. the direction of displacement of the center of gravity C of the slide block 10 in order to ensure its rotation in a vertical plane on the hook 12 of the rod 13.

Figures 6 and 7 show another variant of the gate block 10 in which the means for inserting the hook 12 (Fig. 1) of the string 13 shows a cut (Fig. 6) on the side opposite the center of gravity C. Top side 16 of the cutout 15 have an inclination that is opposite to the horizontal to ensure the rotation of the gate block 10 in a vertical plane on the hook 12 of the rod 13.

The heating level, ie the distance from the upper part of the coking chamber (not shown) to the upper part of the borehole 7, and consequently also the temperature in the upper part of the coking chamber, is adjusted in the following manner.

In the case of coking a coal charge with a greater than calculated settlement, in which the level of the top of the coking body is lower than the calculated one at the end of coking, the gate block 10 is lifted upwards. This is done as follows. A pipe 13 with a hook 12 is lowered through the process channel 4 (Fig. 1) into the vertical heating channel 1. The double or single hook 12 is inserted into the through holes 14 or in the cut-out 15 in the gate block 10. When pulling up the cable 13 upwards, the hook 12 pulls up the gate block 10. After reaching the bottom of the ledges 11, cut out 9 of the guides 8, the gate block 10 under the action of its own weight with the center of gravity C displaced rotates in a vertical plane. The upper ends of the tabs 11 of the gate block 10 15 20 25 30 35 40 45 50 55 9 10 10 rest against the sides of the guides 8, and the lower sides of the protrusions 11 are placed on the edges of the cutout 9.

The position of the gate block 10 in the guides 8 is made by means of the displaced center of gravity C (FIG. 8). The hook 12 is pulled from the gate block 10 and pulled out by a pull rod; 13 from the vertical heating channel 1 through the process channel 4. Thus, the combustion products pass from one vertical 'heating channel' 2 to the other 1 at a lower level, proportional to the height of the valve block 10, which corresponds to the temperature drop in the top of the coking chamber (not shown). This, in turn, prevents the top of the coke body and the roof of the coking chamber from overheating (not shown).

When a coal charge is intended for coking with a settlement less than that of the previous charge (which is very common in practice), the gate block 10, located in the upper part of the bore, lowers.

This is done as follows. Through the process channel 5, the rod 13 is introduced into the center of the vertical heating channel 2 with the hook 12. The hook 12 is inserted under the gate block 10 and lifted. In the foregoing, the slide block 10 is returned to its vertical position and it is lowered on the hook 12 until it rests against the bottom of the flap opening 7 (FIG. 1). The hook 12 is removed from the gate block 10 and, by means of a string 13, extended from the vertical heating duct 2 through the technological duct 5. When lowering the gate block 10 to the bottom of the bore hole 7, the lower edge of this bore rises to the height of the gate block 10. In this way, the products the combustion passes from one vertical heating duct 2 to the other 1 at a higher level proportional to the height of the gate block 10 which corresponds to a temperature increase in the upper part of the coking chamber. This, in turn, heats the top of the coke body and the roof of the coking chamber (not shown).

As can be seen from the above, the position of the gate block 10 in the upper or lower part of the bore 7 ensures the vertical position of the latter is altered to the height of the gate block 10. The cross-section of the bore 7 remains essentially constant. In addition, the design of the gate block 10 to a height of 200 to 250 mm allows the vertical position of the shaft opening to be repositioned by the same amount, which in turn corresponds to the practical range of vibrations in the settlement of coal charges.

In this way, by manipulating the gate block, the required heating of the coke body is ensured, ie its underheating or overheating is prevented, and, consequently, the quality of the coke obtained is increased.

Patent claims and © 1. Heating wall of a coke oven with a horizontal coking chamber having vertical heating channels grouped in pairs, each pair of channels are separated by a wall with a flow opening in the upper part having grooved guides, in which a gate block with a means for the insertion of the cable hook of the string and its displacement is arranged in order to regulate the temperature of the upper part of the heating ducts of the wall, characterized in that the gate block (10) has projections (11) on its sides extending into guides (8), located in the side walls of the shaft opening (7), placed vertically1, and each of them has a cutout (9) in the upper part, which are higher than the length of each of the projections 25 (11) of the gate block (10), the center of gravity is different from the longitudinal axis of the protrusions (11) in the opposite direction to the protrusions (9) to allow rotation and positioning under the dead weight of the gate block (10) in its upper position in the billet hole (7) and changes in the position of the billet hole (7) • vertically, essentially maintaining its cross-sectional area. 35 a. Wall according to claims A method as claimed in claim 1, characterized in that in the gate block (10) having a displaced center of gravity (C) in the opposite direction to the leakage (9) of the guides (8), there is a means for inserting a cable hook in the form of a through conical hole ( 14) with a taper opposite to the displacement direction of the center (C) of gravity of the gate block (10) to ensure its vertical rotation on the hook (12) of the tie rod (13). 3. Wall according to claims The method of claim 1, characterized in that in the gate block (10) having a displaced center of gravity (C) in the direction opposite to the leakage (9> of the guide (8), the means for inserting the hook (12) of the tie (13) is a cut (13). 15) in the gate block on the side opposite to the direction of displacement of the center (C) of the stroke block (10), and its upper side has an inclination opposite to the horizontal to ensure rotation of the gate block (10) in the plane vertical on the link hook. 114 630 Ef IHA iiiU K 7Z7 * i ^ if / £ / f / Z; -7 f / £ J K7, r / "7 —U 40! 6 1, K7 15 / J ~ FIE.E Ul -10 WLL fig. A FIG. 7 PZGraf. Koszalin D-356 95 A-4 Price PLN 100