PH12017000188A1

PH12017000188A1 - Adlay centrifugal huller

Info

Publication number: PH12017000188A1
Application number: PH12017000188A
Authority: PH
Inventors: Reynaldo P Gregorio; Romualdez C Martinez
Original assignee: Philippine Center For Postharvest Development And Mech Philmech
Priority date: 2017-06-28
Filing date: 2017-06-28
Publication date: 2019-02-18

Abstract

The invention relates to an adlay centrifugal huller for the production of hulled adlay grains of different varieties with minimum amount of broken adlay grains comprised of hulling assembly having inlet hopper, grain feed plate, shutter, shutter slide gate valve, return tube channel, rotary huller, rubber lining, rotary huller housing and transition duct; aspiration assembly having aspirator, suction blower duct, suction blower, suction blower housing, cyclone separator duct and cyclone separator; separation assembly having rotary cylinder, corrugated cylinder sheet, reverse L shaped bar with rubber, auger wire conveyor, grain trough collector, return chute, return tube and outlet chute; main frame; electric motor and main switch. The invention is capable of producing hulled adlay grains with 120 to 130 kg/hr input capacity, whole grain recovery of 40 to 60 pcnt , hulling efficiency of 50 to 70 pcnt and a power consumption of 12 watts/kilogram input.

Description

Adlay Centrifugal Huller

Technical Field

This invention relates to an adlay centrifugal huller for the production of hulled adlay grains of different varieties with minimum amount of broken adlay grains for human and animal consumption.

Background of the Invention

Adlay (Coix lacryma-jobi L.) also known as Job's tears has been identified as one of the Philippines’ high value crop which can be used as an alternative source of food for rice and corn.

In Midsalip Zamboanga, the crop is extensively cultivated synonymous to rice.

While in CAR Region, adlay is cultivated for food, but majority for wine-making for several occasions and grains as feeds for livestock. Some of the adlay grains are process into roasted coffee and feeds for ruminants.

Milling of adlay is done manually by pounding, using wooden mortar and pestle. At this level, the introduction of postharvest machineries and technologies is not very necessary.

In terms of primary postharvest processing, existing equipment for rice and corn can be potentially adopted for adlay. A small capacity Engelberg ‘kiskisan’ huller has been tried by the Regional Integrated Agricultural Research Center (RIARC) in

Region IV-A for milling adlay, while the Subaenen tribes has tried a compact one- pass rice mill with rubber-roll huller. The result of milled product contained large amount of broken grains and impurities and thus require further winnowing to obtain clean product.

A milling machine has been developed for the immediate production of adlay using a rubber roll huller with a power requirement of 1.5 HP motor. Yet, the two free wheel rubber roll should be adjusted depending on the varieties to be milled. (Medina, Ma. J., et al., 2015). This milling machine was designed for producing milled adlay thus it does not preserves the vitamin content of the grains which is present to its bran.

PHilMech tested adlay for milling using centrifugal huller and found that the technology is potential for producing whole grain recovery. The limited study conducted, however produced interesting results. Whole grain recovery potential of 30 to 40 % was observed.

An impact huller same as to centrifugal huller was developed for brown rice and tested to adlay grains. It uses an aspiration system for the separation of hulls and a tray-type separator for the separation of paddy and brown rice. The impact huller for brown rice was suitable for adlay grains however, the shape and dimension of adlay was found to be not appropriate for indented tray. The oscillating motion rolls the adlay grain in the surface, which results in mixing of hulled and unhulled adlay as a product of the impact huller. Hence, separating grains with near-spherical shape such as adlay needs another approached in separation for hulled and unhulled grains.

Summary of the Invention

The invention described herein is an adlay centrifugal huller designed to produce hulled adlay grains. It is capable of producing hulled adlay grains with 120- 130 kg/hr input capacity, whole grain recovery ranging from 40 to 60% and hulling efficiency of 50-70%. For ease of operation, the unhulled adlay grains pneumatically returns to the huller through a return tube and being re-hulled. When operated, the adlay centrifugal huller has a power consumption of 12 watts/kilogram input.

Another object of the present invention is to produce hulled adlay grains preserving the vitamin present in the product with low power requirement, small space requirement having dimension of 1132mm x 588mm x 1030mm (LxWxH), low maintenance and ease of mobility.

Brief Description of Drawings

The present invention can be fully understood in the course of description thereof, described by way of example with reference to the drawings in which

Figure 1 is a perspective view of adlay centrifugal huller

Figure 2a is the perspective view of huller assembly.

Figure 2b is the exploded diagram of huller assembly.

Figure 3a is the perspective view of aspiration assembly.

Figure 3b is the exploded diagram of aspiration assembly.

Figure 4a is the perspective view of separation assembly.

Figure 4b is the exploded diagram of separation assembly.

Detailed Description of the Preferred Embodiments

With reference to the drawings wherein like numerals represent like parts throughout the figures, an adlay centrifugal huller comprised of major components, namely: hulling assembly 1, aspiration assembly 2, separation assembly 3, main frame 15, electric motor 13 and main switch 10.

In reference to figure 1, an adlay centrifugal huller comprises a main frame 15, a plurality of horizontal and vertical L bars to form a main frame 15. To turn on ' and off the adlay centrifugal huller, a main switch 10 is mounted at the upper right corner of main frame 15. Said main switch 10 when switch on, the 3/4hp single phase electric motor 13 actuates which runs the rotary huller 18, suction blower 5 and rotary cylinder 8 with a 12 watts per kilogram input power consumption. Said electric motor 13 mounted at the bottom portion of main frame 15.

Referring primarily to figure 2a and 2b is the hulling assembly 1. Said hulling assembly 1 has an inlet hopper 4, grain feed plate 16, shutter 17, shutter slide gate valve 34, rubber lining 20, rotary huller 18, rotary huller housing 21, rotary huller/blower drive shaft 19 and transition duct 22. Operation starts by putting an unhulled adlay grains to the inlet hopper 4 while the grain feed plate 16 located at the bottom part of the inlet hopper 4 is completely closed. Said inlet hopper 4 provided at the right side portion of main frame 15. Grain feed plate 16 controls the entry of unhulled adlay grains to prevent the possible clogging at the rotary huller 18. Shutter 17 fitted horizontally at the bottom portion of inlet hopper 4 below grain feed plate 16 and set on its optimum operation before the operation starts to gain the maximum whole grain recovery of 40 to 60%. Said shutter 17 regulates the entry of unhulled adlay grains going to the rotary huller 18. Before the adlay grain enters to shutter 17, a shutter slide gate valve 34 is disposed at the entry portion of shutter 17 to control the setting of feeding. Said shutter slide gate valve 34 is set opened half of its diameter. As the rotary huller 18 reaches its operating speed, the grain feed plate 16 is opened to allow the adlay grain flow into the rotary huller 18 eye. Said rotary huller 18 is made up of 6 equidistant blades stainless metal sheets which are adequate to crack the hull of adlay grains as being forced out and crush against the rubber lining 20. Said rubber lining 20 is mounted between the rotary huller housing 21 and rotary huller 18. A tubular transition duct 22 mounted vertically to the rotary huller housing 21. The upper end of transition duct 22 is connected to the lower portion of aspirator 6. Said transition duct 22 conveys the hulled, unhulled and adlay hull to the aspirator 6.

Referring again primarily to figure 3a and 3b is the aspiration assembly 2. Said aspiration assembly 2 comprises of aspirator 6, aspirator chute 14, suction blower duct 29, suction blower 5, suction blower housing 24, cyclone separator duct 23, suction blower shaft 32 and cyclone separator 7. Said aspirator 6 provided at the inside top portion of main frame 15. At the upper side portion of aspirator 6, a tubular suction blower duct 29 is attached. Hulls having low density were removed from aspirator 6 going to the cyclone separator 7 through a suction blower 5 while the unhulled and partially hulled adlay grains were fall out to the aspirator chute 14.

Said suction blower 5 is secured inside the suction blower housing 24. Suction blower housing 24 is connected at the bottom portion of suction blower duct 29. The bottom end portion of suction blower duct 29 is mounted vertically to side middle portion of suction blower housing 24. The bottom end portion of cyclone separator duct 23 is vertically attached to the upper portion of suction blower housing 24.

While the upper end portion of cyclone duct 23 is attached to the start opening of cyclone separator 7. Said cyclone separator 7 is mounted outside the main frame 15 in communication with clyclone separator duct 23. Cyclone separatore 7 serves as discharge outlet of hulls of adlay grains.

Referring now to figure 4a and 4b is the separation assembly 3. Said separation assembly 3 comprises of reverse L shaped bar 11 having a rubber, grain trough collector 28, outlet chute 12, return tube channel 30, return tube 9, return chute 31, rotary cylinder 8, corrugated cylinder sheet 27, auger wire conveyor 26 and rotary cylinder shaft 25. Unhulled and hulled adlay grains from aspirator 6 will fall down to the opening of the rotary cylinder 8 through aspirator chute 14. Said rotary cylinder 8 mounted horizontally above grain trough collector 28 where separation of hulled and unhulled adlay grains occurs. Aspirator chute 14 is connected at the bottom end portion of aspirator 6. From rotary cylinder 8 with plurality of 5mm diameter indent holes, the hulled adlay grains will fall to an inclined grain trough collector 28 and eventually to outlet chute 12 for finish product and produces 120-130 kg per hour input capacity. Said grain trough collector 28 half cylindrical in shape is mounted below the rotary cylinder 8. Unhulled adlay grains are conveyed through an auger wire conveyor 26, 40mm width & 125mm pitch, mounted & fitted inside the wall of rotary cylinder 8 to go directly to the return chute 31 and pneumatically return to the rotary huller 18 through return tube channel 30. Said return chute 31 is disposed at the end of the rotary cylinder 8.

Auger wire conveyor 26 in communication with rotary cylinder 8 is connected in a rotary cylinder shaft 25. Return tube 9, 1 % diameter in., where its entry portion is connected at the bottom of the return chute 31 and the other end portion of the return tube 9 is connected to the return tube channel 30 for re-hulling of unhulled adlay grains having hulling efficiency of 50-70%. Said return tube channel 30 is mounted outside shutter 17. Outlet chute 12 is mounted below at the right end portion of grain trough collector 28 for discharge of hulled adlay grains. A reverse L- shaped bar 11 is connected at the left end portion of grain trough collector 28 in communication with cylinder sheet 27 when operated. Said reverse L-shaped bar 11 serves as a vibratory mechanism for the grain trough collector 28 and rotary cylinder 8. A corrugated cylinder sheet 27, 10mm width connected at the left end portion of the rotary cylinder 8. Said cylinder sheet 27 touches the reverse L-shaped bar 11 during operation which produces vibration to avoid clogging of hulled grains at the rotary cylinder 8 and makes the hulled grains flow gradually at grain trough collector 28 and delivered to the outlet chute 12.

During operation, the rotary huller 18, rotary cylinder 8 and suction blower 5 driven by one 3/4hp single phase electric motor 13 simultaneously through a rotary huller/blower drive shaft 19, rotary cylinder shaft 25 and suction blower shaft 32 respectively. Said rotary cylinder 8 driven by an electric motor 13 preferably through arotary cylinder shaft 25 wherein the rotary cylinder shaft 25 is connected through a belt and pulley combination 33b having 2.5 and 8in diameter V-pulley, single groove,

V-belt (primary and secondary shaft) wherein said belt and pulley 33b is connected to another belt and pulley combination 33c having 2.5 and 10in diameter V-pulley, single groove, V-belt (secondary & third shaft), said belt and pulley 33c is connected to a belt and pulley 33d having 2.5 and 8in dia. V-pulley, single groove, V-belt (third shaft and rotary cylinder shaft) and said belt and pulley 33d is connected to suction blower shaft 32. Said rotary huller 18 driven by an electric motor 13 preferably through a rotary huller drive shaft 19 wherein said rotary huller/blower drive shaft 19 is connected to suction blower shaft 32 through belt and pulley combination 33a having 2.5 and 5in dia. V-pulley, single groove, V-belt {primary shaft & blower impeller shaft).

A compact centrifugal huller for adlay with small space requirement fitted to village and even household use.

Claims

ee ————————————— EE —

d. separation assembly comprised of reverse L shaped bar connected at the "left end portion of grain trough collector) said grain trough collector half cylindrical in shape mounted below the rotary cylinder where unhulled adlay grains fell down, rotary cylinder mounted above grain trough collector wher - separation of hulled and unhulled adlay grains occurs, outlet chute mounted below at the right end portion of grain trough “collector for discharge of hulled adlay grains, cylinder sheet is attached at the left end portion of rotary cylinder, duger wire conveyor mounted inside the wall of rotary cylinder which conveys unhulled grains to go directly to the return chute, said return chute mounted at the right end portion of rotary cylinder, return tube where its entry portion is connected horizontally at the bottom of return chute and the other end portion is connected to return tube channel; and J e. electric motor mounted at the bottom portion of main frame.
2. An adlay centrifugal huller according to claim 1 having a whole grain recovery of 40 to 60 %, hulling efficiency of 50 to 70 % and an average dehulling capacity of 120 to 130 kg input for hulled adlay grains.
3. An adlay centrifugal huller according to claim 1, wherein the reverse L shaped bar having a rubber characterized as vibratory mechanism in communication with cylinder sheet, as the rotary cylinder rotates, reverse L shaped bar touches the circular sheet and produces vibration to grain trough collector and rotary cylinder.
4. An adlay centrifugal huller according to claim 3, characterized in that the circular sheet is corrugated.
5. An adlay centrifugal huller according to claim 1, characterized in that the rotary huller, rotary cylinder and suction blower drives simultaneously by one 3/4hp single phase electric motor having a power consumption of 12 watts per kg input.
6. An adlay centrifugal huller according to claim 4, characterized in that the rotary huller is driven by an electric motor preferably through a rotary huller/blower drive shaft wherein said rotary huller/blower drive shaft is connected to suction blower shaft through a belt and pulley combination 33a having 2.5 and 5 inches diameter V-pulley, single groove and V-belt characterized as primary shaft and blower impeller shaft.
7. An adlay centrifugal huller according to claim 4, characterized in that the rotary cylinder is driven by an electric motor preferably through a rotary cylinder shaft wherein said rotary cylinder shaft is connected through a belt and pulley combination 33b having 2.5 and 8 inches diameter V-pulley, single groove and V-belt characterized as primary & secondary shaft wherein said belt and pulley combination 33b is connected to another belt and pulley combination 33¢ having 2.5 and 10 inches diameter V-pulley, single groove and V-belt characterized as secondary & third shaft, said belt and pulley combination 33c is connected to a belt and pulley 33d having 2.5 and 8 inches diameter V-pulley, single groove and V-belt characterized as third shaft and rotary cylinder shaft and said belt and pulley combination 33d is connected to suction blower shaft.
8. An adlay centrifugal huller according to claim 4, characterized in that the suction blower is driven by an electric motor preferably through a suction blower/huller shaft.
9. An adlay centrifugal huller according to claim 1, characterized in that the return tube preferably 1 % diameter inches flexible hose connected between return chute and return tube channel for passing through of unhulled adlay grains for re-hulling.
10. An adlay centrifugal huller according to claim 1, wherein the rotary huller having 6 equidistant blades preferably mounted inside rotary huller housing where unhulled adlay grains being forced out and crash against rubber lining.
11. An adlay centrifugal huller according to claim 1, characterized in that the rotary cylinder preferably with a plurality of 5 mm diameter indent holes for separation of hulled and unhulled adlay grains.

What is claimed is:

1. An adlay centrifugal huller for producing hulled adlay grains comprising of the following major components:

a. plurality of horizontal and vertical L bars to form a main frame and main switch attached at the upper right corner of main frame;

b. hulling assembly comprised of an inlet hopper provided at the right side portion of main frame where hulling operation starts, grain feed plate disposed at the bottom portion of inlet hopper which controls the entry of unhulled adlay grains to prevent clogging, shutter slide gate valve mounted at the entry portion of shutter, shutter mounted horizontally at the bottom portion of inlet hopper below grain feed plate which regulates the entry of unhulled adlay grains through a shutter slide gate valve going to the rotary huller, rubber lining mounted between rotary huller and rotary huller housing, rotary huller in communication with rubber lining mounted inside rotary huller housing, rotary huller housing, rotary huller/blower drive shaft attached to rotary huller and transition duct mounted vertically on the upper portion of rotary huller housing;

c. aspiration assembly comprised of aspirator provided at the inside top portion of main frame, aspirator chute disposed at the bottom end portion of aspirator where unhulled and hulled adlay grains falling down to the opening of rotary cylinder, at the upper portion of aspirator, a tubular suction blower duct mounted vertically to side portion of suction blower housing, suction blower secured inside the suction blower housing, said suction blower housing mounted at the bottom portion of suction blower duct, cyclone separator duct where the bottom portion is connected vertically at the upper portion of suction plower housing and the [upper end portion of said cyclone separatonis connected to start opening of cyclone separatod said cyclone separator where hulls of hulled adlay grains discharges mounted outside the main frame in communication with cyclone separator and rotary cylinder shaft attached inside the rotary cylinder and rotary cylinder shaft mounted inside the rotary cylinder in communication with auger wire conveyor;