PH12015501451B1 - Top-entry flash vessel arrangement - Google Patents
Top-entry flash vessel arrangement Download PDFInfo
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- PH12015501451B1 PH12015501451B1 PH12015501451A PH12015501451A PH12015501451B1 PH 12015501451 B1 PH12015501451 B1 PH 12015501451B1 PH 12015501451 A PH12015501451 A PH 12015501451A PH 12015501451 A PH12015501451 A PH 12015501451A PH 12015501451 B1 PH12015501451 B1 PH 12015501451B1
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- flash vessel
- entry
- autoclave
- slurry
- flash
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- 239000002002 slurry Substances 0.000 claims abstract description 96
- 238000009835 boiling Methods 0.000 claims abstract description 26
- 238000000034 method Methods 0.000 claims abstract description 24
- 230000003647 oxidation Effects 0.000 claims abstract description 12
- 238000007254 oxidation reaction Methods 0.000 claims abstract description 12
- 230000001939 inductive effect Effects 0.000 claims abstract description 11
- 239000002253 acid Substances 0.000 claims abstract description 7
- 239000002184 metal Substances 0.000 claims abstract description 5
- 229910052751 metal Inorganic materials 0.000 claims abstract description 5
- 239000007789 gas Substances 0.000 claims description 39
- XLYOFNOQVPJJNP-UHFFFAOYSA-N water Substances O XLYOFNOQVPJJNP-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 claims description 18
- 239000012141 concentrate Substances 0.000 claims description 8
- 239000011261 inert gas Substances 0.000 claims description 7
- 239000007788 liquid Substances 0.000 claims description 3
- 238000002386 leaching Methods 0.000 claims description 2
- 208000028659 discharge Diseases 0.000 description 32
- 239000000203 mixture Substances 0.000 description 12
- 230000003068 static effect Effects 0.000 description 11
- 239000007787 solid Substances 0.000 description 10
- QVGXLLKOCUKJST-UHFFFAOYSA-N atomic oxygen Chemical compound [O] QVGXLLKOCUKJST-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 description 8
- 239000000243 solution Substances 0.000 description 8
- 239000001301 oxygen Substances 0.000 description 6
- 229910052760 oxygen Inorganic materials 0.000 description 6
- 230000000576 supplementary effect Effects 0.000 description 6
- 238000010791 quenching Methods 0.000 description 5
- XEEYBQQBJWHFJM-UHFFFAOYSA-N Iron Chemical compound [Fe] XEEYBQQBJWHFJM-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 description 4
- GRYSXUXXBDSYRT-WOUKDFQISA-N (2r,3r,4r,5r)-2-(hydroxymethyl)-4-methoxy-5-[6-(methylamino)purin-9-yl]oxolan-3-ol Chemical compound C1=NC=2C(NC)=NC=NC=2N1[C@@H]1O[C@H](CO)[C@@H](O)[C@H]1OC GRYSXUXXBDSYRT-WOUKDFQISA-N 0.000 description 3
- NINIDFKCEFEMDL-UHFFFAOYSA-N Sulfur Chemical compound [S] NINIDFKCEFEMDL-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 description 3
- 239000005864 Sulphur Substances 0.000 description 3
- 238000005201 scrubbing Methods 0.000 description 3
- PXHVJJICTQNCMI-UHFFFAOYSA-N Nickel Chemical compound [Ni] PXHVJJICTQNCMI-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 description 2
- XEIPQVVAVOUIOP-UHFFFAOYSA-N [Au]=S Chemical compound [Au]=S XEIPQVVAVOUIOP-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 description 2
- 229910052785 arsenic Inorganic materials 0.000 description 2
- RQNWIZPPADIBDY-UHFFFAOYSA-N arsenic atom Chemical compound [As] RQNWIZPPADIBDY-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 description 2
- MJLGNAGLHAQFHV-UHFFFAOYSA-N arsenopyrite Chemical compound [S-2].[Fe+3].[As-] MJLGNAGLHAQFHV-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 description 2
- 229910052964 arsenopyrite Inorganic materials 0.000 description 2
- 239000010953 base metal Substances 0.000 description 2
- 230000001276 controlling effect Effects 0.000 description 2
- 238000001816 cooling Methods 0.000 description 2
- 230000001419 dependent effect Effects 0.000 description 2
- 239000013505 freshwater Substances 0.000 description 2
- 229910052742 iron Inorganic materials 0.000 description 2
- NIFIFKQPDTWWGU-UHFFFAOYSA-N pyrite Chemical compound [Fe+2].[S-][S-] NIFIFKQPDTWWGU-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 description 2
- 229910052683 pyrite Inorganic materials 0.000 description 2
- 239000011028 pyrite Substances 0.000 description 2
- 101100421135 Caenorhabditis elegans sel-5 gene Proteins 0.000 description 1
- RYGMFSIKBFXOCR-UHFFFAOYSA-N Copper Chemical compound [Cu] RYGMFSIKBFXOCR-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 description 1
- 229910000746 Structural steel Inorganic materials 0.000 description 1
- PNEYBMLMFCGWSK-UHFFFAOYSA-N aluminium oxide Inorganic materials [O-2].[O-2].[O-2].[Al+3].[Al+3] PNEYBMLMFCGWSK-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 description 1
- 239000011449 brick Substances 0.000 description 1
- 239000000919 ceramic Substances 0.000 description 1
- 238000010276 construction Methods 0.000 description 1
- 239000000498 cooling water Substances 0.000 description 1
- 229910052802 copper Inorganic materials 0.000 description 1
- 239000010949 copper Substances 0.000 description 1
- 230000000875 corresponding effect Effects 0.000 description 1
- 230000003028 elevating effect Effects 0.000 description 1
- 238000005516 engineering process Methods 0.000 description 1
- 238000009852 extractive metallurgy Methods 0.000 description 1
- PCHJSUWPFVWCPO-UHFFFAOYSA-N gold Chemical compound [Au] PCHJSUWPFVWCPO-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 description 1
- 229910052737 gold Inorganic materials 0.000 description 1
- 239000010931 gold Substances 0.000 description 1
- 238000002347 injection Methods 0.000 description 1
- 239000007924 injection Substances 0.000 description 1
- 238000009434 installation Methods 0.000 description 1
- 229910052759 nickel Inorganic materials 0.000 description 1
- 230000002311 subsequent effect Effects 0.000 description 1
- 238000011144 upstream manufacturing Methods 0.000 description 1
Classifications
-
- C—CHEMISTRY; METALLURGY
- C22—METALLURGY; FERROUS OR NON-FERROUS ALLOYS; TREATMENT OF ALLOYS OR NON-FERROUS METALS
- C22B—PRODUCTION AND REFINING OF METALS; PRETREATMENT OF RAW MATERIALS
- C22B3/00—Extraction of metal compounds from ores or concentrates by wet processes
- C22B3/04—Extraction of metal compounds from ores or concentrates by wet processes by leaching
- C22B3/06—Extraction of metal compounds from ores or concentrates by wet processes by leaching in inorganic acid solutions, e.g. with acids generated in situ; in inorganic salt solutions other than ammonium salt solutions
-
- C—CHEMISTRY; METALLURGY
- C22—METALLURGY; FERROUS OR NON-FERROUS ALLOYS; TREATMENT OF ALLOYS OR NON-FERROUS METALS
- C22B—PRODUCTION AND REFINING OF METALS; PRETREATMENT OF RAW MATERIALS
- C22B3/00—Extraction of metal compounds from ores or concentrates by wet processes
-
- B—PERFORMING OPERATIONS; TRANSPORTING
- B01—PHYSICAL OR CHEMICAL PROCESSES OR APPARATUS IN GENERAL
- B01J—CHEMICAL OR PHYSICAL PROCESSES, e.g. CATALYSIS OR COLLOID CHEMISTRY; THEIR RELEVANT APPARATUS
- B01J3/00—Processes of utilising sub-atmospheric or super-atmospheric pressure to effect chemical or physical change of matter; Apparatus therefor
- B01J3/02—Feed or outlet devices therefor
-
- B—PERFORMING OPERATIONS; TRANSPORTING
- B01—PHYSICAL OR CHEMICAL PROCESSES OR APPARATUS IN GENERAL
- B01J—CHEMICAL OR PHYSICAL PROCESSES, e.g. CATALYSIS OR COLLOID CHEMISTRY; THEIR RELEVANT APPARATUS
- B01J3/00—Processes of utilising sub-atmospheric or super-atmospheric pressure to effect chemical or physical change of matter; Apparatus therefor
- B01J3/04—Pressure vessels, e.g. autoclaves
-
- C—CHEMISTRY; METALLURGY
- C02—TREATMENT OF WATER, WASTE WATER, SEWAGE, OR SLUDGE
- C02F—TREATMENT OF WATER, WASTE WATER, SEWAGE, OR SLUDGE
- C02F1/00—Treatment of water, waste water, or sewage
- C02F1/02—Treatment of water, waste water, or sewage by heating
- C02F1/04—Treatment of water, waste water, or sewage by heating by distillation or evaporation
- C02F1/06—Flash evaporation
-
- C—CHEMISTRY; METALLURGY
- C22—METALLURGY; FERROUS OR NON-FERROUS ALLOYS; TREATMENT OF ALLOYS OR NON-FERROUS METALS
- C22B—PRODUCTION AND REFINING OF METALS; PRETREATMENT OF RAW MATERIALS
- C22B3/00—Extraction of metal compounds from ores or concentrates by wet processes
- C22B3/02—Apparatus therefor
-
- C—CHEMISTRY; METALLURGY
- C22—METALLURGY; FERROUS OR NON-FERROUS ALLOYS; TREATMENT OF ALLOYS OR NON-FERROUS METALS
- C22B—PRODUCTION AND REFINING OF METALS; PRETREATMENT OF RAW MATERIALS
- C22B3/00—Extraction of metal compounds from ores or concentrates by wet processes
- C22B3/04—Extraction of metal compounds from ores or concentrates by wet processes by leaching
-
- Y—GENERAL TAGGING OF NEW TECHNOLOGICAL DEVELOPMENTS; GENERAL TAGGING OF CROSS-SECTIONAL TECHNOLOGIES SPANNING OVER SEVERAL SECTIONS OF THE IPC; TECHNICAL SUBJECTS COVERED BY FORMER USPC CROSS-REFERENCE ART COLLECTIONS [XRACs] AND DIGESTS
- Y02—TECHNOLOGIES OR APPLICATIONS FOR MITIGATION OR ADAPTATION AGAINST CLIMATE CHANGE
- Y02P—CLIMATE CHANGE MITIGATION TECHNOLOGIES IN THE PRODUCTION OR PROCESSING OF GOODS
- Y02P10/00—Technologies related to metal processing
- Y02P10/20—Recycling
Landscapes
- Chemical & Material Sciences (AREA)
- Engineering & Computer Science (AREA)
- Organic Chemistry (AREA)
- Environmental & Geological Engineering (AREA)
- Life Sciences & Earth Sciences (AREA)
- Materials Engineering (AREA)
- Manufacturing & Machinery (AREA)
- Geology (AREA)
- Geochemistry & Mineralogy (AREA)
- Mechanical Engineering (AREA)
- Metallurgy (AREA)
- General Life Sciences & Earth Sciences (AREA)
- Chemical Kinetics & Catalysis (AREA)
- Hydrology & Water Resources (AREA)
- Water Supply & Treatment (AREA)
- Inorganic Chemistry (AREA)
- Manufacture And Refinement Of Metals (AREA)
- Crystals, And After-Treatments Of Crystals (AREA)
Abstract
The present invention relates to a method and an arrangement for pressure and temperature let down of autoclave discharge slurry (106), in particular in pressure oxidation or high pressure acid leach of metal containing ore. The method of the invention comprises a step of providing autoclave vent gas (105) obtained from the autoclave (1) to the top-entry flash vessel (2) for inducing overpressure to the said top-entry flash vessel and preventing boiling of the slurry during the transfer to next top-entry flash vessel (3). The invention further relates to an autoclave and pressure let-down arrangement adapted for providing autoclave vent gas to one or more top-entry flash vessels.
Description
Quench Water 103
Temperature 16°C
Flowrate 87 tph
Autoclave Slurry Discharge 106
Temperature 225°C
Flowrate 118 tph
Solids 11.5 tph
Solution 106.5 tph
Flash Vessel 2 discharge to Flash Vessel 3 — Line 108
Temperature 170°C
Flowrate 107 tph :
Solids 11.5 tph
Solution 95 tph
Slurry density 10.8% w/w solids
Slurry density (at temperature) 1040 kg/m3
Overpressure required =3.5mx9.81x1040 = 36 kPa
Hence an overpressure of at least 36 kPa is required in 2 to ensure no flashing and boiling in line 108
High Pressure Flash 2
Operating Temperature 170°C
Vapour pressure of solution at operating temperature 783 kPa abs
Operating Pressure 823 kPa abs
Design Overpressure 40 kPa
Overpressure volume fraction (40/823) x 100 = 4.8% viv
Hence only 2 to 5% v/v inerts is required to provide sufficient over- pressure to avoid boiling and three phase flow in pipeline 108
Vent Gas (105) to High Pressure Flash Vessel (2)
Temperature 225°C
Flowrate 2.7 tph
Vent gas composition 70% viv water 26%v/iv O2 3% viv N; with remainder being other inerts like COa.
High Pressure Flash Vent 107
Temperature 170°C
Flowrate 14.1 tph
Total pressure 823 kPa abs
Gas composition: 97.8% v/v water 2.2% vlv inerts
Excess Autoclave Vent Gas 120
Temperature : 225°C
Flowrate 1.2 tph
Vent gas composition: oo 70% viv water 26%viv Oz 3% viv Na» with remainder being other inerts like CO..
Example 2 — Three stage flash system
The following example illustrates by estimation, with reference to
Figure 2, the overpressure required for preventing boiling and flashing of the transferring slurry in a three stage flashing arrangement with flash vessels 2, 3 and 5 as illustrated in Figure 2. In the example a pyritic concentrate 101 is oxi- dised using oxygen 104 and cooled using quench water 103. All flash vessels 2, 3 and 5 are installed at the same level and are not elevated or staggered one to another. In this example the high pressure flash vessel 2 is operated to achieve a target steam temperature of 200°C and the medium pressure flash vessel 3 is targeted to operate at 170°C. The high pressure flash vessel is dis- charges into a medium pressure flash vessel 3. In this example the high pres- sure flash vessel discharge static height (A) is 3.5 m. The medium pressure flash vessel 3 discharges into a low pressure flash vessel 5. Medium pressure flash vessel is targeted to operate at 170°C. The high pressure flash vessel discharge static height (B) is 3.5 m.
Stream 101
Gold sulphide concentrate containing arsenopyrite/pyrite.
Temperature: 40°C
Feed slurry 50% w/w slurried in fresh water
Feed solids composition 25% wiw sulphur 25% wiw iron 7% wiw arsenic
Autoclave 1
Operating pressure: 3600 kPa abs
Operating temperature: 225°C
Oxygen utilization: - 82% oo
Oxygen (104) 98% viv O2 (2% Nz)
Temperature: 20°C :
Flowrate 8.3 tph
Quench Water 103
Temperature 16°C
Flowrate 87 tph
Autoclave Slurry Discharge 106 :
Temperature 225°C
Flowrate 118 tph
Solids 11.5 tph
Solution 106.5 tph
Flash Vessel 2 discharge to Flash vessel 3 — Line 108
Temperature 200°C
Flowrate : 112 tph
Solids 11.5 tph
Solution 101 tph
Slurry density 10.2% w/w solids
Slurry density (at temperature) 995 kg/m3
Overpressure required =3.5m x 9.81 x 995 : = 34 kPa
Hence an overpressure of at least 34 kPa is required in 2 to ensure no flashing and boiling in line 108.
High Pressure Flash (2)
Operating Temperature 200°C
Vapour pressure of solution at operating temperature 1538 kPa abs
Operating Pressure 1573 kPa abs
Design Overpressure 35 kPa
Overpressure volume fraction (35/1573) x 100 = 2.2% Viv
Vent gas 105 to High Pressure Flash 2 :
Temperature 225°C
Flowrate 0.53 tph
Vent gas composition 70 % viv water 26 %viv Oz 3 % viv N2 with rest other inerts like COs.
High Pressure Flash Vent (107)
Temperature 200°C
Flowrate 5.9 tph
Total pressure 1538 kPa abs
Gas composition 97.8% v/v water 2.2% viv inerts
Flash vessel 3 discharge to Flash vessel 5 — Line 111
Temperature 170°C
Flowrate 106.5 tph
Solids 11.5 tph
Solution 95.0 tph
Slurry density 10.8% wiw solids
Slurry density (at temperature) 1040 kg/m3 . Overpressure required =3.5mx9.81x 1040 = 36 kPa 20 .
Hence an overpressure of at least 36 kPa is required in 3 to ensure no flashing and boiling in line 111.
Medium Pressure Flash 3
Operating Temperature 170°C
Vapour Pressure of solution at operating temperature 783 kPa abs
Operating Pressure 823 kPa abs
Design Overpressure 40 kPa
Overpressure volume fraction (40/823) x 100 = 4.8% viv
Hence only 2 to 5 % v/v inerts is required to provide sufficient over- pressure to avoid boiling and three phase flow in pipeline 111.
Vent gas 113 to Medium Pressure Flash 3
Temperature 225°C
Flowrate 1.4 tph
Vent gas composition 70% viv water 26%v/v Oz 3% viv No with rest other inerts like CO
Medium Pressure Flash Vent 112
Temperature 170°C
Flowrate 7.2 tph
Total pressure 823 kPa abs
Gas composition 95.2% v/v water 4.8% v/v inerts.
Excess Autoclave Vent Gas 120
Temperature 225°C
Flowrate 2.0 tph :
Vent gas composition 70% v/v water 26%viv Oz 3% viv N2 with rest other inerts like CO;
It will be obvious to a person skilled in the art that, as the technology advances, the inventive concept can be implemented in various ways. The in- vention and its embodiments are not limited to the examples described above but may vary within the scope of the claims.
Lo a
Blin Je 1 Lo .
TOP-ENTRY FLASH VESSEL ARRANGEMENT
The present invention relates to a method and an arrangement for pressure and temperature let down of autoclave discharge slurry, in particular
In pressure oxidation or high pressure acid leach of metal containing ore.
In extractive metallurgy autoclaves are used for allowing increased operating temperature in the autoclave. Once an ore or concentrate is leached the discharge of the autoclave is often reduced in temperature and pressure by allowing the autoclave discharge slurry to flash i.e. convert the heat of the slur- ry at high temperature into a flash steam. To reduce capital cost in base metal autoclave operations the number of flash stages is minimised. However the pressure drop per flash stage is commonly high and the flashing slurry dis- charges into the flash tank at high velocity. Typically top-entry flash vessel de- sign is used allowing the high pressure and high velocity flashing slurry to dis- charge into a slurry pool to absorb the kinetic energy of the slurry. This avoids excessive wear in the flash vessel that would occur if a bottom-entry design (used in alumina industry) were to be used.
The slurry flowing from one flash vessel to another flash vessel is at the boiling point of the slurry leaving the upstream vessel and if a pressure drop occurs in the pipeline interconnecting the two flash vessels then the slurry will boil and as steam is generated three-phase flow will occur. Since the vol- ume of the steam is much greater that the equivalent volume of the liquid wa- ter, the velocity of the three-phase mixture increases substantially. This in- creased velocity will lead to excessive pipeline and valve wear.
Typically top-entry multi stage flash vessels are arranged staggered in height to ensure that three-phase flow is avoided in the pipeline connecting the two flash vessels to ensure no loss in pipeline pressure due to a change in static height. However elevating vessels is very expensive as the flash vessels are large and heavy pressure vessels that are brick lined vessels requiring substantial structural steel support and cost for their installation.
However, if top-entry flash vessels are constructed at the same level then a static height difference between the vessels will occur. This will lead to a pressure drop in the interconnecting pipeline and the siurry will boii leading to three phase flow at very high velocities and excessive wear.
Co 2
To keep the flash vessels all at the same level and to avoid boiling in the pipeline between the flash vessels quench water is commonly used to sub-cool the slurry entering the pipeline in between the flash vessels.
Adding water injection facilities to a flash vessel is expensive and the operation of the circuit becomes more complicated in terms of operability.
Furthermore, additional water is required, which may further impact the water balance of the system.
An object of the present invention is thus to provide an improved method for pressure and temperature let-down of a pressure oxidation auto- clave discharge slurry and an apparatus implementing the method so as to overcome the above problems, in particular to allow construction of flash ves- sel on the one level while not requiring the use of water. The method of the invention comprises a step of providing autoclave vent gas obtained from the autoclave to the top-entry flash vessel for inducing overpressure to the said : top-entry flash vessel and preventing boiling of the slurry during the transfer to next top-entry flash vessel. The invention further relates to an autoclave and pressure let-down arrangement adapted for providing autoclave vent gas to one or more top-entry flash vessels. The objects of the invention are achieved by a method and an arrangement which is characterized by what is stated in the independent claims. Preferred embodiments of the invention are disclosed in the dependent claims.
In the following the invention will be described in greater detail by means of preferred embodiments with reference to the attached drawings, in . which
Figure 1 shows a first pressure and temperature let-down arrange- ment illustrating a first embodiment of the invention;
Figure 2 shows a second pressure and temperature led-down ar- rangement illustrating a second embodiment of the invention.
The present invention relates to top-entry flash vessel design and operation as commonly applied pressure and temperature let-down of auto- clave discharge slurry in the high pressure acid leach (HPAL) nickel industry and pressure oxidation industry (PoX), in particular in oxidation of sulphur in gold, copper and other base metal concentrates.
In particular the present invention relates to a method for pressure and temperature let-down of an autoclave discharge slurry comprising the steps of (a) receiving an autoclave discharge slurry from an autoclave to a first top-entry flash vessel; (b) obtaining a first flash steam and a first cooled slurry by allowing the autoclave discharge slurry to flash in the first top-entry flash vessel; (c) transferring the first cooled slurry from a bottom part of the first top- entry flash vessel to a top part of a second top-entry flash vessel; and (d) providing, simultaneously with the steps (b) and (c), autoclave vent gas ob- tained from the autoclave to the said first top-entry flash vessel for inducing overpressure to the first top-entry flash vessel and preventing boiling of the first cooled slurry during the transfer to the second top-entry flash vessel; and (e) obtaining a second flash steam and a second cooled slurry by allowing the first cooled slurry to flash in the second top-entry flash vessel. : When the pressure and temperature let-down flash vessel design further comprises a third flash vessel, the method may further comprise: (f) transferring the second cooled slurry from a bottom part of the second top- entry flash vessel to a top part of a third top-entry flash vessel; and (g) provid- ing, simultaneously with steps (e) and (f), autoclave vent gas obtained from the autoclave to the said second top-entry flash for inducing overpressure to the second top-entry flash vessel and preventing boiling of the second cooled slur- ry during the transfer to the third top-entry flash vessel.
In accordance of the present invention the method may further comprise cooling the second or third cooled slurry in one or more further sub- sequent flash vessels by allowing the slurry obtained from a previous flash vessel to flash in a further top-entry flash vessel and thus obtaining a further flash steam and a further cooled slurry. If required for preventing the boiling of the transferring slurry, overpressure may be induced to any further top-entry flash vessel by providing autoclave vent gas obtained from the autoclave to said further top-entry flash vessel. Thus in accordance with the present inven- tion, autoclave vent gas may be provided to any further flash vessel for induc- ing overpressure to the flash vessel and preventing boiling of the transferred cooled slurry during the transfer to the next flash vessel.
The method of the invention is particularly suitable for pressure and temperature let-down of pressure oxidation or high pressure acid leach auto-
clave discharge slurry. The autoclaves used for such operations typically oper- ate at a temperature of 140 to 270°C and this in accordance with the present invention the temperature of the incoming autoclave discharge slurry may preferably vary within this range. The operating pressure of such autoclave is typically between 1000 to 6000 kPa. The discharge slurry will be let-down in pressure and temperature until it reaches atmospheric pressure. In accordance with the present invention pressure drop of each flashing stage varies typically between 200 to 2000 kPa.
Figure 1 shows a two stage pressure let-down arrangement ar- ranged for temperature and pressure let down of pressure oxidation autoclave discharge slurry, comprising an autoclave 1 arranged for pressure oxidation or high pressure acid leaching of metal containing ore or concentrate; a first top- entry flash vessel 2 connected to the autoclave 1 for receiving autoclave dis- charge slurry from the said autoclave and arranged for converting the heat of the autoclave discharge slurry into a first flash steam and a first cooled slurry; a first vent gas pipeline 105 connected to the autoclave 1 for providing auto- clave vent gas to the first top-entry flash vessel 2 for inducing overpressure to the first top-entry flash vessel and preventing boiling of the first cooled slurry during the transfer to the second top-entry flash vessel; a second top-entry flash vessel 3 connected to the first top-entry flash vessel 2 for receiving the first cooled slurry for the first top-entry flash vessel to the second top-entry flash vessel and arranged for converting the first cooled slurry to a second flash steam and a second cooled slurry.
Referring to Figure 1 and in accordance with the invention the se- cond top-entry flash vessel may be connected to the first top-entry flash vessel by a first slurry pipeline 108 arranged to interconnect the bottom part of the first top-entry flash vessel 2 and top part of the second top-entry flash vessel 3 for transferring the first cooled slurry from the first top-entry flash vessel to the se- cond top-entry flash vessel. Thus the first top-entry flash vessel 2, having a higher pressure, discharges into the second top-entry flash vessel 3, having a lower pressure. However since the vessels are constructed at ground level a discharge static height will exist between the operating level of 2 and the fixed choke outlet of vessel 3. This discharge static height difference is shown as A in Figure 1.
From the first flash vessel 2 and the second flash vessel 3 the cor- responding flash steam is released via a steam lines 107 and 109, respective-
ly. The flash steam may be discarded to the atmosphere and/or utilized else- where in the process. Prior to release to the atmosphere the steam may be cleaned in a gas scrubbing unit. Second cooled slurry may be recovered though slurry pipeline 110. 5 Utilization on the autoclave vent gas for preventing boiling and three phase flow of the transferred slurry in a slurry pipeline interconnecting two flash vessels allows that no cooling water or aqueous liquid is added to the flash arrangement for cooling of the slurry. Further with the arrangement of the invention where autoclave vent gas is directly provided to a flash vessel it may be possible to have an autoclave arrangement where a separate expensive ceramic line blast spool, typically required to let down the pressure from the autoclave vent, is not required. :
As shown in Figure 2 as a further embodiment of the invention, the arrangement may comprise a further flash vessel. In Figure 2, like components are designated by the same reference numerals as used in Figure 1.
In embodiment presented in Figure 2, the arrangement further com- prises a third top-entry flash vessel 5 connected to the second top-entry flash vessel 3 for receiving the second cooled slurry from the second top-entry flash vessel to the third top-entry flash vessel and arranged for converting the heat of the second cooled slurry into a third flash steam and a third cooled slurry; a second vent gas pipeline 113 connected to the autoclave 1 for providing auto- clave vent gas to the second top-entry flash vessel 3 for inducing overpressure to the second top-entry flash vessel and for preventing boiling of the second cooled slurry during the transfer to the third top-entry flash vessel.
Referring to Figure 2 and in accordance with the invention the third top-entry flash vessel 5 may be connected to the second top-entry flash vessel 3 by a first slurry pipeline 111 arranged to interconnect the bottom part of the second top-entry flash vessel 3 and top part of the third top-entry flash vessel 5 for transferring the second cooled slurry from the second top-entry flash vessel to the third top-entry flash vessel. Thus the second top-entry flash vessel 3, having a higher pressure, discharges into the third top-entry flash vessel 5, having a lower pressure. However since the vessels are constructed at ground level a discharge static height will exist between the operating level of 3 and the fixed choke outlet of vessel 5. This discharge static height difference is shown as B in Figure 1. The static height may vary depending on the particular flash vessel arrangement; however it is typically between 3 to 5 m. As shown in Figure 1 and 2 the flash vessels of the arrangement of the invention are preferably installed at ground level and are aligned on substantially the same horizontal level i.e. they are not staggered one to another.
From the third flash vessel 5 the third flash steam is released via a steam line 112. The third vent steam may be discarded to the atmosphere and/or utilized elsewhere in the process. Prior to release to the atmosphere the steam may be cleaned in a gas scrubbing unit. The third cooled slurry may be recovered though slurry pipeline 110.
The amount of autoclave vent steam entering a top-entry flash ves- sel and subsequently the provided overpressure may be controlled by operat- ing a vent valve. As shown in Figure 1, a first vent valve 4 is arranged to the first vent gas pipeline 105 for controlling the pressure provided to the first top- entry flash vessel 2. Similarly, referring to Figure 2, a second vent valve 6 is arranged to the second vent gas pipeline 113 for controlling the pressure pro- vided to the second top-entry flash vessel 3.
Typically the overpressure provided to the flash vessel and required for preventing the boiling and three phase flow of the transferred slurry is 20 to 50 kPa. The required overpressure is dependent on the static height difference of the flash vessels and the temperature and composition of the slurry.
Any excess autoclave vent steam may be released from the system via an autoclave vent 7. The excess autoclave vent steam may be utilized elsewhere in the process or be discarded to the atmosphere via steam pipeline 120/121. Prior to release to the atmosphere the steam may be cleaned in a gas scrubbing unit 8.
If necessary, the arrangement may further comprise a supplemen- tary inert gas pipeline for providing supplementary inert gas to a flash vessel for providing further overpressure to the said flash vessel. In an embodiment of the invention the arrangement comprises a first supplementary inert gas pipe- line connected to the first top-entry flash vessel 2 for providing supplementary inert gas to the first to first top-entry flash vessel for providing further overpres- sure to the first flash vessel and for preventing boiling of the first cooled slurry during the transfer to the second top-entry flash vessel. In a further embodi- ment of the invention the arrangement comprises a second supplementary in- ert gas pipeline connected to the second top-entry flash vessel 3 for providing supplementary inert gas to the second to first top-entry flash vessel for provid- ing further overpressure to the second flash vessel and for preventing boiling of the second cooled slurry during the transfer to the third top-entry flash ves- sel 5.
Example 1 — Two stage flash system
The following example illustrates by estimation, with reference to
Figure 1, the overpressure required for preventing boiling and flashing of the transferring slurry in a two stage flashing circuit with two top-entry flash vessels 2 and 3. In the example a pyritic concentrate 101 is oxidized using oxygen 104 and cooled using quench water 103. Both flash vessels 2 and 3 are installed at the same level and are not elevated or staggered one to another. In this ex- ample the high pressure flash vessel 2 is operated to achieve a target steam temperature of 170°C. The high pressure flash vessel discharge static height (A) in this example is 3.5 m.
Stream 101:
Gold sulphide concentrate containing arsenopyrite/pyrite.
Temperature: 40°C
Feed slurry 50% w/w slurried in fresh water
Feed solids composition 25% w/w sulphur 25% wiw iron 7% wlw arsenic
Autoclave 1
Operating pressure: 3600 kPa abs
Operating temperature: 225°C
Oxygen utilization: 82%
Oxygen 104 98% viv Oz (2% N32)
Temperature: 20°C
Flowrate 8.3 tons per hour (tph)
Claims (15)
1. A method for pressure and temperature let-down of a pressure oxidation autoclave discharge slurry, characterized in that the method comprises (a) receiving an autoclave discharge slurry from an autoclave to a first top-entry flash vessel; (b) obtaining a first flash steam and a first cooled slurry by allowing the autoclave discharge slurry to flash in the first top-entry flash vessel; (c) transferring the first cooled slurry from a bottom part of the first top-entry flash vessel to a top part of a second top-entry flash vessel; and (d) providing, simultaneously with the steps (b) and (c), autoclave vent gas obtained from the autoclave to the said first top-entry flash vessel for inducing overpressure to the first top-entry flash vessel and preventing boiling of the first cooled slurry during the transfer to the second top-entry flash vessel, (e) obtaining a second flash steam and a second cooled slurry by allowing the first cooled slurry to flash in the second top-entry flash vessel.
2. The method as claimed in claim 1 , wherein step (b) additionally comprises providing supplementary inert gas to the said first flash vessel for providing further overpressure to the first flash vessel.
3. The method as claimed in claim 1 or 2, wherein the provided overpressure is 20 to 50 kPa.
4. The method as claimed in claim 1, wherein the first and second flash vessel are substantially at the same horizontal level.
5. The method as claimed in claim 1, wherein the method further comprises (f) transferring the second cooled slurry from a bottom part of the second top-entry flash vessel to a top part of a third top-entry flash vessel, (9) providing, simultaneously with steps (e) and (f), autoclave vent gas obtained from the autoclave to the said second top-entry flash for inducing overpressure to the second top-entry flash vessel and preventing boiling of the second cooled slurry during the transfer to the third top-entry flash vessel.
6. The method as claimed in claim 5, wherein the first, second and any third flash vessel are aligned substantially on the same horizontal level.
7. The method as claimed in claim 1, wherein no cool water or aqueous liquid is injected to the flash system for preventing boiling of the slurry during transfer from one flash vessel to the next flash vessel.
A . : " 15
8. The method as claimed in claim 1, wherein the pressure oxidation autoclave discharge slurry is obtained from an autoclave adapted for pressure oxidation or high pressure acid leach of metal containing ore.
9. An autoclave and pressure let-down arrangement, comprising an autoclave (1 ) arranged for pressure oxidation or high pressure acid leaching of metal containing ore or concentrate; a first top-entry flash vessel (2) connected to the autoclave (1) for receiving autoclave discharge slurry from the said autoclave and arranged for converting the heat of the autoclave discharge slurry into a first flash steam and a first cooled slurry; a first vent gas pipeline (105) connected to the autoclave (1 ) for providing autoclave vent gas to the first top-entry flash vessel (2) for inducing overpressure to the first top-entry flash vessel (2) and preventing boiling of the first cooled slurry during the transfer to the second top-entry flash vessel (3); a second top-entry flash vessel (3) connected to the first top-entry flash vessel (2) for receiving the first cooled slurry from the first top-entry flash vessel (2) to the second top-entry flash vessel (3) and arranged for converting the first cooled slurry to a second flash steam and a second cooled slurry.
10. The arrangement as claimed in claim 9, wherein the first (2) and the second flash vessel (3) are aligned substantially on the same horizontal level.
11. The arrangement as claimed in claim 9 or 10, wherein the arrangement further comprises a supplementary inert gas line connected to the top section of the first flash vessel (2) for providing supplementary inter gas to the first flash vessel (2) for providing further overpressure to the first flash vessel (2).
12. The arrangement as claimed in claim 9, wherein the first vent gas pipeline (105) is directly connected to top of the first top-entry flash vessel (2).
13. The arrangement as claimed in claim 9, wherein the arrangement further comprises a third top-entry flash vessel (5) connected to the second top-entry flash vessel (3) for receiving the second cooled slurry from the second top-entry flash vessel (3) to the third top-entry flash vessel (5) and arranged for converting the heat of the second cooled slurry into a third flash steam and a third cooled slurry; a second vent gas pipeline (1 13) connected to the autoclave (1) for providing autoclave vent gas to the second top-entry flash vessel (3) for inducing overpressure to the second top- entry flash vessel (3) and for preventing boiling of the second cooled slurry during the transfer to the third top-entry flash vessel (5).
14. The arrangement as claimed in claim 13 wherein the first (2), the second (3) and the third flash vessel (5) are aligned substantially on the same horizontal level.
15. The arrangement as claimed in claim 9, wherein the arrangement further comprises one or more further flash vessels arranged for converting the slurry obtained from the previous flash vessel to a further flash steam and a further cooled slurry.
Applications Claiming Priority (2)
| Application Number | Priority Date | Filing Date | Title |
|---|---|---|---|
| FI20126388A FI124613B (en) | 2012-12-28 | 2012-12-28 | Overfeed Flash Dish System |
| PCT/FI2013/051210 WO2014106683A1 (en) | 2012-12-28 | 2013-12-30 | Top-entry flash vessel arrangement |
Publications (2)
| Publication Number | Publication Date |
|---|---|
| PH12015501451A1 PH12015501451A1 (en) | 2015-09-14 |
| PH12015501451B1 true PH12015501451B1 (en) | 2015-09-14 |
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| Application Number | Title | Priority Date | Filing Date |
|---|---|---|---|
| PH12015501451A PH12015501451B1 (en) | 2012-12-28 | 2015-06-23 | Top-entry flash vessel arrangement |
Country Status (12)
| Country | Link |
|---|---|
| US (1) | US9920396B2 (en) |
| EP (1) | EP2938749B1 (en) |
| CN (1) | CN104919063B (en) |
| AU (1) | AU2013371929B2 (en) |
| CA (1) | CA2895636C (en) |
| CL (1) | CL2015001827A1 (en) |
| EA (1) | EA029708B1 (en) |
| ES (1) | ES2722374T3 (en) |
| FI (1) | FI124613B (en) |
| PH (1) | PH12015501451B1 (en) |
| TR (1) | TR201905876T4 (en) |
| WO (1) | WO2014106683A1 (en) |
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| JP7035470B2 (en) * | 2017-11-15 | 2022-03-15 | 住友金属鉱山株式会社 | Slurry extraction method from reaction equipment and autoclave |
| JP7459517B2 (en) | 2020-01-16 | 2024-04-02 | 住友金属鉱山株式会社 | Autoclaves and methods for operating autoclaves |
Family Cites Families (10)
| Publication number | Priority date | Publication date | Assignee | Title |
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| NL7809621A (en) * | 1978-09-21 | 1980-03-25 | Warrior Chem Consult | PROCESS FOR THE PREPARATION OF A PRINCIPAL CALCIUM SILICATE OF THE XONOTLITE TYPE CONTAINING ASHESTLESS MATERIAL AND ARTICLE OBTAINED USING THE CALCULATE SILICA PREPARED BY THE PROCESS. |
| US4602483A (en) | 1985-03-08 | 1986-07-29 | Southwestern Public Service Company | Coal slurry system |
| US4753787A (en) | 1986-07-18 | 1988-06-28 | Pieter Krijgsman | Method and structure for forming a reaction product |
| US5071477A (en) * | 1990-05-03 | 1991-12-10 | American Barrick Resources Corporation of Toronto | Process for recovery of gold from refractory ores |
| CA2557872C (en) * | 2004-01-07 | 2012-10-23 | Hydromet (Pty) Ltd. | Exothermic pressure leach autoclave circuits |
| JP5332418B2 (en) | 2008-09-04 | 2013-11-06 | 住友金属鉱山株式会社 | Autoclave pressure adjustment method |
| CN101671045B (en) | 2009-10-13 | 2014-05-28 | 杭州锦江集团有限公司 | Pressure digestion system and recycling method of live steam condensed water |
| CN101899567B (en) | 2009-12-09 | 2012-10-17 | 中国恩菲工程技术有限公司 | Ore pressure leaching process |
| CN102671403A (en) | 2012-06-08 | 2012-09-19 | 大兴安岭云冶矿业开发有限公司 | Flash evaporating device and method for recovering steam by utilizing flash evaporating device |
| FI125026B (en) * | 2012-12-20 | 2015-04-30 | Outotec Finland Oy | Recovery of energy and water from steam in a pressure oxidation flash vessel |
-
2012
- 2012-12-28 FI FI20126388A patent/FI124613B/en active IP Right Grant
-
2013
- 2013-12-30 EP EP13870246.9A patent/EP2938749B1/en active Active
- 2013-12-30 AU AU2013371929A patent/AU2013371929B2/en active Active
- 2013-12-30 WO PCT/FI2013/051210 patent/WO2014106683A1/en active Application Filing
- 2013-12-30 EA EA201591056A patent/EA029708B1/en not_active IP Right Cessation
- 2013-12-30 CA CA2895636A patent/CA2895636C/en active Active
- 2013-12-30 CN CN201380070504.4A patent/CN104919063B/en active Active
- 2013-12-30 US US14/653,238 patent/US9920396B2/en active Active
- 2013-12-30 ES ES13870246T patent/ES2722374T3/en active Active
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Also Published As
| Publication number | Publication date |
|---|---|
| PH12015501451A1 (en) | 2015-09-14 |
| CN104919063B (en) | 2017-07-18 |
| EA201591056A1 (en) | 2015-12-30 |
| WO2014106683A1 (en) | 2014-07-10 |
| US20150329933A1 (en) | 2015-11-19 |
| CL2015001827A1 (en) | 2015-11-13 |
| EA029708B1 (en) | 2018-05-31 |
| FI124613B (en) | 2014-11-14 |
| EP2938749A1 (en) | 2015-11-04 |
| AU2013371929B2 (en) | 2016-07-14 |
| TR201905876T4 (en) | 2019-05-21 |
| ES2722374T3 (en) | 2019-08-09 |
| EP2938749B1 (en) | 2019-02-06 |
| CN104919063A (en) | 2015-09-16 |
| CA2895636A1 (en) | 2014-07-10 |
| EP2938749A4 (en) | 2016-09-28 |
| FI20126388A (en) | 2014-06-29 |
| US9920396B2 (en) | 2018-03-20 |
| AU2013371929A1 (en) | 2015-07-09 |
| CA2895636C (en) | 2017-11-14 |
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