PE20050948A1 - CARBAMOIL-AMINE COMPOUNDS AS INHIBITORS OF DIPEPTIDYL PEPTIDASE IV - Google Patents
CARBAMOIL-AMINE COMPOUNDS AS INHIBITORS OF DIPEPTIDYL PEPTIDASE IVInfo
- Publication number
- PE20050948A1 PE20050948A1 PE2004000875A PE2004000875A PE20050948A1 PE 20050948 A1 PE20050948 A1 PE 20050948A1 PE 2004000875 A PE2004000875 A PE 2004000875A PE 2004000875 A PE2004000875 A PE 2004000875A PE 20050948 A1 PE20050948 A1 PE 20050948A1
- Authority
- PE
- Peru
- Prior art keywords
- cycloalkyl
- carbamoil
- inhibitors
- trans
- amino
- Prior art date
Links
Classifications
-
- A—HUMAN NECESSITIES
- A61—MEDICAL OR VETERINARY SCIENCE; HYGIENE
- A61K—PREPARATIONS FOR MEDICAL, DENTAL OR TOILETRY PURPOSES
- A61K31/00—Medicinal preparations containing organic active ingredients
- A61K31/16—Amides, e.g. hydroxamic acids
-
- A—HUMAN NECESSITIES
- A61—MEDICAL OR VETERINARY SCIENCE; HYGIENE
- A61K—PREPARATIONS FOR MEDICAL, DENTAL OR TOILETRY PURPOSES
- A61K31/00—Medicinal preparations containing organic active ingredients
- A61K31/16—Amides, e.g. hydroxamic acids
- A61K31/18—Sulfonamides
-
- A—HUMAN NECESSITIES
- A61—MEDICAL OR VETERINARY SCIENCE; HYGIENE
- A61P—SPECIFIC THERAPEUTIC ACTIVITY OF CHEMICAL COMPOUNDS OR MEDICINAL PREPARATIONS
- A61P3/00—Drugs for disorders of the metabolism
- A61P3/06—Antihyperlipidemics
-
- A—HUMAN NECESSITIES
- A61—MEDICAL OR VETERINARY SCIENCE; HYGIENE
- A61P—SPECIFIC THERAPEUTIC ACTIVITY OF CHEMICAL COMPOUNDS OR MEDICINAL PREPARATIONS
- A61P3/00—Drugs for disorders of the metabolism
- A61P3/08—Drugs for disorders of the metabolism for glucose homeostasis
- A61P3/10—Drugs for disorders of the metabolism for glucose homeostasis for hyperglycaemia, e.g. antidiabetics
Landscapes
- Health & Medical Sciences (AREA)
- Medicinal Chemistry (AREA)
- Diabetes (AREA)
- Veterinary Medicine (AREA)
- Public Health (AREA)
- General Health & Medical Sciences (AREA)
- Animal Behavior & Ethology (AREA)
- Life Sciences & Earth Sciences (AREA)
- Chemical & Material Sciences (AREA)
- Pharmacology & Pharmacy (AREA)
- Hematology (AREA)
- Engineering & Computer Science (AREA)
- Nuclear Medicine, Radiotherapy & Molecular Imaging (AREA)
- Organic Chemistry (AREA)
- Chemical Kinetics & Catalysis (AREA)
- Obesity (AREA)
- Bioinformatics & Cheminformatics (AREA)
- General Chemical & Material Sciences (AREA)
- Epidemiology (AREA)
- Emergency Medicine (AREA)
- Endocrinology (AREA)
- Pharmaceuticals Containing Other Organic And Inorganic Compounds (AREA)
- Plural Heterocyclic Compounds (AREA)
- Acyclic And Carbocyclic Compounds In Medicinal Compositions (AREA)
Abstract
SE REFIERE A COMPUESTOS DERIVADOS DE CARBAMOIL-AMINA DE FORMULA (I), EN DONDE R1 ES H, ALQUILO(C1-C6), CICLOALQUILO (C3-C12) OPCIONALMENTE SUSTITUIDOS, ENTRE OTROS; R2 ES H, ALQUILO(C1-C6), CICLOALQUILO(C3-C12), OPCIONALMENTE SUSTITUIDOS; R3 ES CICLOALQUILO(C3-C12) OPCIONALMENTE SUSTITUIDO; R4 ES H, ALQUILO(C1-C6), CICLOALQUILO(C3-C12), HETEROCICLO SATURADO DE 3 A 7 MIEMBROS, OPCIONALMENTE SUSTITUIDOS. SON COMPUESTOS PREFERIDOS: ACIDO 2-{TRANS-4-[(S)-AMINO-(N-CICLOBUTIL-N-METILACARBAMOIL)METIL]CICLOHEXILMETOXIMETIL}BENZOICO, ACIDO 3-{TRANS-4-[(S)-AMINO-(N-CICLOBUTIL-N-METIL-CARBAMOIL)METIL]CICLOHEXILMETOXIMETIL-5-DIMETILAMINOBENZOICO, (2-METANOSULFONIL)FENILAMIDA DE ACIDO TRANS 4-[(S)-AMINO-(N-CICLOBUTIL-N-METILCARBAMOIL)METIL]CICLOHEXANOCARBOXILICO, ENTRE OTROS. TAMBIEN SE REFIERE A UNA COMPOSICION FARMACEUTICA. ESTOS COMPUESTOS SON INHIBIDORES DE LA ENZIMA DIPEPTIDIL PEPTIDASA DPP-IV, POR LO QUE SON UTILES PARA EL TRATAMIENTO DE LA DIABETES TIPO II, OBESIDAD O SIMILARESREFERS TO COMPOUNDS DERIVED FROM CARBAMOIL-AMINE OF FORMULA (I), WHERE R1 IS H, ALKYL (C1-C6), OPTIONALLY SUBSTITUTED CYCLOALKYL (C3-C12), AMONG OTHERS; R2 IS H, ALKYL (C1-C6), CYCLOALKYL (C3-C12), OPTIONALLY SUBSTITUTED; R3 IS CYCLOALKYL (C3-C12) OPTIONALLY SUBSTITUTED; R4 IS H, ALKYL (C1-C6), CYCLOALKYL (C3-C12), SATURATED HETEROCYCLE OF 3 TO 7 MEMBERS, OPTIONALLY REPLACED. PREFERRED COMPOUNDS ARE: 2- {TRANS-4 - [(S) -AMINO- (N-CYCLOBUTYL-N-METHYLACARBAMOYL) METHYL] CYCLOHEXYLMETOXIMETHYL} BENZOIC ACID, 3- {TRANS-4 - [(S) -AMINO- ( N-CYCLOBUTYL-N-METHYL-CARBAMOYL) METHYL] CYCLOHEXYLMETOXIMETHYL-5-DIMETHYLAMINOBENZOIC, (2-METHANOSULFONYL) TRANS 4 ACID PHENYLAMIDE - [(S) -AMINO- (N-CYCLOBUTILBUTYL-N-METHYLOCAR) HEXYLBUTYL-N-METHYLOCARYL OTHERS. IT ALSO REFERS TO A PHARMACEUTICAL COMPOSITION. THESE COMPOUNDS ARE INHIBITORS OF THE DIPEPTIDIL PEPTIDASE DPP-IV ENZYME, SO THEY ARE USEFUL FOR THE TREATMENT OF TYPE II DIABETES, OBESITY, OR SIMILAR
Applications Claiming Priority (3)
Application Number | Priority Date | Filing Date | Title |
---|---|---|---|
JP2003317407 | 2003-09-09 | ||
JP2003395879 | 2003-11-26 | ||
JP2004114685 | 2004-04-08 |
Publications (1)
Publication Number | Publication Date |
---|---|
PE20050948A1 true PE20050948A1 (en) | 2005-12-16 |
Family
ID=34317220
Family Applications (1)
Application Number | Title | Priority Date | Filing Date |
---|---|---|---|
PE2004000875A PE20050948A1 (en) | 2003-09-09 | 2004-09-09 | CARBAMOIL-AMINE COMPOUNDS AS INHIBITORS OF DIPEPTIDYL PEPTIDASE IV |
Country Status (4)
Country | Link |
---|---|
AR (1) | AR046330A1 (en) |
PE (1) | PE20050948A1 (en) |
TW (1) | TW200530157A (en) |
WO (1) | WO2005025554A2 (en) |
Families Citing this family (55)
Publication number | Priority date | Publication date | Assignee | Title |
---|---|---|---|---|
PL377847A1 (en) | 2003-01-14 | 2006-02-20 | Arena Pharmaceuticals Inc. | 1,2,3-trisubstituted aryl and heteroaryl derivatives as modulators of metabolism and the prpphylaxis and treatment of disorders related thereto such as diabetes and hyperglycemia |
DOP2006000008A (en) | 2005-01-10 | 2006-08-31 | Arena Pharm Inc | COMBINED THERAPY FOR THE TREATMENT OF DIABETES AND RELATED AFFECTIONS AND FOR THE TREATMENT OF AFFECTIONS THAT IMPROVE THROUGH AN INCREASE IN THE BLOOD CONCENTRATION OF GLP-1 |
AU2006285393A1 (en) * | 2005-04-27 | 2007-03-08 | Arena Pharmaceuticals, Inc. | Combination therapy for the treatment of obesity and diabetes and conditions related thereto and for the treatment of conditions ameliorated by increasing a blood GLP-1 level |
GB0526291D0 (en) | 2005-12-23 | 2006-02-01 | Prosidion Ltd | Therapeutic method |
PE20071221A1 (en) | 2006-04-11 | 2007-12-14 | Arena Pharm Inc | GPR119 RECEPTOR AGONISTS IN METHODS TO INCREASE BONE MASS AND TO TREAT OSTEOPOROSIS AND OTHER CONDITIONS CHARACTERIZED BY LOW BONE MASS, AND COMBINED THERAPY RELATED TO THESE AGONISTS |
JP2009533393A (en) | 2006-04-12 | 2009-09-17 | プロビオドルグ エージー | Enzyme inhibitor |
US20080114075A1 (en) * | 2006-08-16 | 2008-05-15 | Action Medicines | Use of 2,5-Dihydroxybenzene Derivatives for Treating Dermatitis |
WO2008055945A1 (en) | 2006-11-09 | 2008-05-15 | Probiodrug Ag | 3-hydr0xy-1,5-dihydr0-pyrr0l-2-one derivatives as inhibitors of glutaminyl cyclase for the treatment of ulcer, cancer and other diseases |
US9126987B2 (en) | 2006-11-30 | 2015-09-08 | Probiodrug Ag | Inhibitors of glutaminyl cyclase |
EP2142514B1 (en) | 2007-04-18 | 2014-12-24 | Probiodrug AG | Thiourea derivatives as glutaminyl cyclase inhibitors |
CA2713348C (en) | 2008-01-30 | 2018-10-09 | Indiana University Research And Technology Corporation | Ester-based peptide prodrugs |
EP2108960A1 (en) | 2008-04-07 | 2009-10-14 | Arena Pharmaceuticals, Inc. | Methods of using A G protein-coupled receptor to identify peptide YY (PYY) secretagogues and compounds useful in the treatment of conditons modulated by PYY |
GB0817207D0 (en) | 2008-09-19 | 2008-10-29 | Pimco 2664 Ltd | therapeutic apsac compounds and their use |
JP5605844B2 (en) | 2008-10-17 | 2014-10-15 | 塩野義製薬株式会社 | Acetic acid amide derivatives having vascular endothelial lipase inhibitory activity |
PE20120332A1 (en) | 2008-12-19 | 2012-04-14 | Univ Indiana Res & Tech Corp | PEPTIDE PROPHARS FROM THE GLUCAGON SUPERFAMILY BASED ON AMIDA |
AR077642A1 (en) | 2009-07-09 | 2011-09-14 | Arena Pharm Inc | METABOLISM MODULATORS AND THE TREATMENT OF DISORDERS RELATED TO THE SAME |
SG178953A1 (en) | 2009-09-11 | 2012-04-27 | Probiodrug Ag | Heterocylcic derivatives as inhibitors of glutaminyl cyclase |
CA2777108A1 (en) * | 2009-10-09 | 2011-04-14 | Zafgen Corporation | Sulphone compounds and methods of making and using same |
ES2586231T3 (en) | 2010-03-03 | 2016-10-13 | Probiodrug Ag | Glutaminyl cyclase inhibitors |
DK2545047T3 (en) | 2010-03-10 | 2014-07-28 | Probiodrug Ag | Heterocyclic Inhibitors of Glutaminyl Cyclase (QC, EC 2.3.2.5) |
MX2012011631A (en) | 2010-04-06 | 2013-01-18 | Arena Pharm Inc | Modulators of the gpr119 receptor and the treatment of disorders related thereto. |
WO2011131748A2 (en) | 2010-04-21 | 2011-10-27 | Probiodrug Ag | Novel inhibitors |
WO2011163462A2 (en) | 2010-06-24 | 2011-12-29 | Indiana University Research And Technology Corporation | Amide-based insulin prodrugs |
EP2595988B1 (en) | 2010-07-22 | 2014-12-17 | Zafgen, Inc. | Tricyclic compounds and methds of making and using same |
BR112013008100A2 (en) | 2010-09-22 | 2016-08-09 | Arena Pharm Inc | "gpr19 receptor modulators and the treatment of disorders related thereto." |
CA2825408A1 (en) | 2011-01-26 | 2012-08-02 | Zafgen, Inc. | Tetrazole compounds and methods of making and using same |
WO2012119941A1 (en) | 2011-03-04 | 2012-09-13 | Prozymex A/S | Peptidyl nitrilcompounds as peptidase inhibitors |
ES2570167T3 (en) | 2011-03-16 | 2016-05-17 | Probiodrug Ag | Benzimidazole derivatives as glutaminyl cyclase inhibitors |
US20140018371A1 (en) | 2011-04-01 | 2014-01-16 | Arena Pharmaceuticals, Inc. | Modulators Of The GPR119 Receptor And The Treatment Of Disorders Related Thereto |
WO2012145361A1 (en) | 2011-04-19 | 2012-10-26 | Arena Pharmaceuticals, Inc. | Modulators of the gpr119 receptor and the treatment of disorders related thereto |
WO2012145603A1 (en) | 2011-04-22 | 2012-10-26 | Arena Pharmaceuticals, Inc. | Modulators of the gpr119 receptor and the treatment of disorders related thereto |
WO2012145604A1 (en) | 2011-04-22 | 2012-10-26 | Arena Pharmaceuticals, Inc. | Modulators of the gpr119 receptor and the treatment of disorders related thereto |
JP5941981B2 (en) | 2011-05-06 | 2016-06-29 | ザフゲン,インコーポレイテッド | Tricyclic sulfonamide compounds and methods for their production and use |
EP2705035B1 (en) | 2011-05-06 | 2016-12-14 | Zafgen, Inc. | Tricyclic pyrazole sulfonamide compounds and methods of making and using same |
WO2012154676A1 (en) | 2011-05-06 | 2012-11-15 | Zafgen Corporation | Partially saturated tricyclic compounds and methods of making and using same |
WO2012170702A1 (en) | 2011-06-08 | 2012-12-13 | Arena Pharmaceuticals, Inc. | Modulators of the gpr119 receptor and the treatment of disorders related thereto |
WO2013055910A1 (en) | 2011-10-12 | 2013-04-18 | Arena Pharmaceuticals, Inc. | Modulators of the gpr119 receptor and the treatment of disorders related thereto |
WO2013109739A1 (en) | 2012-01-18 | 2013-07-25 | Zafgen, Inc. | Tricyclic sulfonamide compounds and methods of making and using same |
US9440943B2 (en) | 2012-01-18 | 2016-09-13 | Zafgen, Inc. | Tricyclic sulfone compounds and methods of making and using same |
NZ707773A (en) | 2012-11-05 | 2019-05-31 | Zafgen Inc | Methods of treating liver diseases |
WO2014071369A1 (en) | 2012-11-05 | 2014-05-08 | Zafgen, Inc. | Tricyclic compounds for use in the treatment and/or control of obesity |
EP2917197B1 (en) | 2012-11-05 | 2019-06-05 | Zafgen, Inc. | Tricyclic compounds and methods of making and using same |
WO2014074668A1 (en) | 2012-11-08 | 2014-05-15 | Arena Pharmaceuticals, Inc. | Modulators of gpr119 and the treatment of disorders related thereto |
GB201311361D0 (en) | 2013-06-26 | 2013-08-14 | Pimco 2664 Ltd | Compounds and their therapeutic use |
UY36390A (en) | 2014-11-05 | 2016-06-01 | Flexus Biosciences Inc | MODULATING COMPOUNDS OF INDOLAMINE ENZYME 2,3-DIOXYGENASE (IDO), ITS SYNTHESIS METHODS AND PHARMACEUTICAL COMPOSITIONS CONTAINING THEM |
JP2017538678A (en) * | 2014-11-05 | 2017-12-28 | フレクサス・バイオサイエンシーズ・インコーポレイテッドFlexus Biosciences, Inc. | Immunomodulator |
LT3262028T (en) | 2014-12-17 | 2022-01-10 | Pimco 2664 Limited | N-(4-hydroxy-4-methyl-cyclohexyl)-4-phenyl-benzenesulfonamide and n-(-4hydroxy-4-methyl-cyclohexyl)-4-(2-pyridyl)-benzenesulfonamide compounds and their therapeutic use |
AU2016205361C1 (en) | 2015-01-06 | 2021-04-08 | Arena Pharmaceuticals, Inc. | Methods of treating conditions related to the S1P1 receptor |
CA2979033A1 (en) | 2015-03-09 | 2016-09-15 | Intekrin Therapeutics, Inc. | Methods for the treatment of nonalcoholic fatty liver disease and/or lipodystrophy |
SI3310760T1 (en) | 2015-06-22 | 2023-02-28 | Arena Pharmaceuticals, Inc. | Crystalline l-arginine salt of (r)-2-(7-(4-cyclopentyl-3-(trifluoromethyl)benzyloxy)-1,2,3,4-tetrahydrocyclo-penta(b)indol-3-yl)acetic acid for use in s1p1 receptor-associated disorders |
US11142546B2 (en) | 2016-04-04 | 2021-10-12 | Research Triangle Institute | Neuropeptide S receptor (NPSR) agonists |
KR20190116416A (en) | 2017-02-16 | 2019-10-14 | 아레나 파마슈티칼스, 인크. | Compounds and Methods for Treating Primary Bile Cholangitis |
US11253508B2 (en) | 2017-04-03 | 2022-02-22 | Coherus Biosciences, Inc. | PPARy agonist for treatment of progressive supranuclear palsy |
PL3461819T3 (en) | 2017-09-29 | 2020-11-30 | Probiodrug Ag | Inhibitors of glutaminyl cyclase |
US10683267B1 (en) * | 2019-11-21 | 2020-06-16 | King Abdulaziz University | Antidiabetic compounds |
Family Cites Families (5)
Publication number | Priority date | Publication date | Assignee | Title |
---|---|---|---|---|
GB9416897D0 (en) * | 1994-08-20 | 1994-10-12 | British Biotech Pharm | Metalloproteinase inhibitors |
SE9701245D0 (en) * | 1997-04-04 | 1997-04-04 | Bjoern Classon | antivirals |
CO5150173A1 (en) * | 1998-12-10 | 2002-04-29 | Novartis Ag | COMPOUNDS N- (REPLACED GLYCLE) -2-DIPEPTIDYL-IV PEPTIDASE INHIBITING CYANOPIRROLIDINS (DPP-IV) WHICH ARE EFFECTIVE IN THE TREATMENT OF CONDITIONS MEDIATED BY DPP-IV INHIBITION |
US6936606B2 (en) * | 2001-10-02 | 2005-08-30 | Boehringer Ingelheim Pharmaceuticals, Inc. | Cyanoamido-containing heterocyclic compounds useful as reversible inhibitors of cysteine proteases |
AU2002357767C1 (en) * | 2001-11-26 | 2009-03-19 | Trustees Of Tufts College | Peptidomimetic inhibitors of post-proline cleaving enzymes |
-
2004
- 2004-09-09 AR ARP040103231A patent/AR046330A1/en unknown
- 2004-09-09 TW TW093127247A patent/TW200530157A/en unknown
- 2004-09-09 WO PCT/JP2004/013480 patent/WO2005025554A2/en not_active Application Discontinuation
- 2004-09-09 PE PE2004000875A patent/PE20050948A1/en not_active Application Discontinuation
Also Published As
Publication number | Publication date |
---|---|
TW200530157A (en) | 2005-09-16 |
AR046330A1 (en) | 2005-12-07 |
WO2005025554A3 (en) | 2005-07-28 |
WO2005025554A2 (en) | 2005-03-24 |
Similar Documents
Publication | Publication Date | Title |
---|---|---|
PE20050948A1 (en) | CARBAMOIL-AMINE COMPOUNDS AS INHIBITORS OF DIPEPTIDYL PEPTIDASE IV | |
PE20080362A1 (en) | DERIVATIVES OF CYCLOHEXYLPIRAZOLE-LACTAM AS INHIBITORS OF 11-BETA-HYDROXIESTEROID DEHIDROGENASE 1 | |
ECSP088765A (en) | AMINOTETRAHYDROPIRANS AS INHIBITORS OF DIPEPTIDIL PEPTIDASA-IV FOR THE TREATMENT OR PREVENTION OF DIABETES | |
PE20060777A1 (en) | INDOLINONE DERIVATIVES FOR THE TREATMENT OR PREVENTION OF FIBROTIC DISEASES | |
PE20060921A1 (en) | PROCEDURE TO PREPARE CHIRAL 8- (3-AMINO-PIPERIDIN-1-IL) -XANTHINES | |
PE20081836A1 (en) | PIPERIDINE DERIVATIVES AS INHIBITORS OF FATTY ACID SYNTHASE | |
PE20070367A1 (en) | SPIROPIPERIDINE COMPOUNDS AS INHIBITORS OF THE BETA SECRETASE ENZYME | |
PE20050121A1 (en) | TIENYL-HYDROXAMIC ACIDS, SUBSTITUTED REFERRED TO THE ENZYMATIC ACTIVITY OF HISTONE DESACETILASE | |
PE20081545A1 (en) | SULFONAMIDE DERIVATIVES AS SYNTHASE FATTY ACID INHIBITORS | |
NI201100081A (en) | AMINOTETRAHYDROPYRANS AS INHIBITORS OF DIPEPTIDIL PEPTIDASE - IV FOR THE TREATMENT OR PREVENTION OF DIABETES. | |
PE20090601A1 (en) | PYRIDIN-IL-OXY-PYRIDINES DERIVATIVES AS ALK5 INHIBITORS | |
PE20061490A1 (en) | CYCLOHEXANOSULPHONYL DERIVATIVES AS INHIBITORS OF THE GLYCINE TRANSPORTER GLYT1 | |
PE20060937A1 (en) | SULFONYLBENZIMIDAZOLE DERIVATIVES AS CANNABINOID RECEPTOR 2 (CB2) AGONISTS | |
AR062797A1 (en) | PIPERIDINE DERIVATIVES AS RENINE INHIBITORS, PHARMACEUTICAL COMPOSITIONS. | |
AR053415A1 (en) | DIPEPTIDIL PEPTIDASA IV INHIBITORS, PHARMACEUTICAL COMPOSITIONS CONTAINING THEM AND PROCESSES FOR THE PREPARATION OF COMPOUNDS AND COMPOSITION | |
PE20060316A1 (en) | PROLIN DERIVATIVES AS DIPEPTIDYL PEPTIDASE-IV INHIBITORS | |
PE20090880A1 (en) | HETEROCYCLIC COMPOUNDS AS PHOSPHATIDYLINOSITOL 3-KINASE INHIBITORS | |
PE20081487A1 (en) | NICOTINAMIDE DERIVATIVES AS INHIBITORS OF 11ßHSD1 | |
PE20061353A1 (en) | SULFONAMIDE-THIAZOLOPYRIDINE COMPOUNDS AS GLUCOCINASE ACTIVATORS | |
PE20071326A1 (en) | VIRAL POLYMERASE INHIBITORS | |
PE20040898A1 (en) | NEW COMPOUNDS DERIVED FROM PYRIMIDINE | |
AR073348A1 (en) | CYCLE INHIBITORS OF 11 BETA-HYDROXIESTEROID DEHYDROGENASE 1 | |
PE20120620A1 (en) | DIHYDROPIRAZOLONES SUBSTITUTED AS INHIBITORS OF HIF-PROPIL-4-HYDROXYLASES | |
PE20050864A1 (en) | HETEROCICLYLAMINE COMPOUNDS AS INHIBITORS OF 11-BETA-HYDROXIESTEROID DEHYDROGENASE TYPE 1 | |
PE20080364A1 (en) | SUBSTITUTED BIPHENYLCARBOXYL ACID AND ITS DERIVATIVES AS MODULATORS OF THE ACTIVITY OF THE GAMMA-SECRETASE |
Legal Events
Date | Code | Title | Description |
---|---|---|---|
FA | Abandonment or withdrawal |