OA18015A - Formwork plate for walls and arches. - Google Patents

Abstract

The present invention relates to a formwork plate (10) comprising a flat rectangular central body (6) extended in a first direction by a first series of flat tabs (1) and in a second opposing direction by a second series of flat tabs (3), the tabs extending in the plane of the body (6) while leaving a spacing between tabs of the same series, the plate (10) having first and second sets of angled tabs (4, 7; 2, 7), with each angled tab extending into the spacing between two flat tabs (1) respectively from the first or second series, the tabs (4, 7; 2, 7) being angled while extending the body (6) each having an angled portion (2, 4) and a flat distal end portion (7) extending parallel to the flat tabs (1, 3) . The invention also relates to a formwork (11) made from several plates (10).

Description

The invention relates to formwork building construction assistance éléments using formwork plates. One particularly advantageous application is the field of production of any type of construction éléments, for a building, such as walls, floors, arches and ceilings, wherein at least one self-standing absorptive form is used.

STATE OF THE ART

Several types of formwork plates exist for producing a formwork which will be filled with a filling material so as to be solidified and form a framing for a construction element of a variable shape.

The document FR-A-913 772 describes a formwork used both for immobilizing a fluid filling material used for building a construction element and a décorative element thereon. The formwork described in this document is made from parts each compris ing a panel and a girt made intégral together, with the girt extending perpendicularly to the panel.

The formwork consists of several parts, at least two of which are positioned head-to-foot while defining a parallelepiped internai space intended to receive a filling material. The limits of the internai space are obtained on each one of the opposite sides of the assembly formed by the two parts by a girt and on each one of the other sides by a panel. The panel is intended to form the visible part of a wall whereas the girt is embedded in a filling material. In the case of a succession of assemblies consisting of two parts, as mentioned above, the girts of two successive assemblies each hâve a hole, so that the filling material can flow from one two-part assembly to the following assembly, in order to fill ail the successive internai spaces of the assemblies.

Such formwork has many drawbacks. First, it cannot be enlarged laterally, unless sériés of successive assemblies are positioned laterally against one another. Besides, making the formwork plates intégral is not easy, since this can be provided by adding one element between the girts of two successive plates, with such element being a C for instance. Eventually, the intégral piece always has significant dimensions because of the girt which is perpendicular to the panel.

The aim of the présent invention consists, on the one hand, in designing a formwork plate having minimum dimensions while being easily adapted to other plates, so as to simply and efficiently obtain a formwork made of several plates, and, on the other hand, to ensure, in the thus formed formwork, a correct holding of the plates which it is made of, prior to the complété introduction of a filling material inside the formwork.

SUMMARY OF THE INVENTION

For this purpose, the invention relates to a formwork plate comprising a fiat, preferably rectangular central body. The central body is extended on a first side by a first sériés of fiat tabs and on a second opposite side by a second sériés of fiat tabs, with the fiat tabs extending in the plane of the body while leaving a spacing between the fiat tabs of the same sériés, with the plate further having first and second sets of angled tabs, with at least sortie, and preferably each angled tab(s) of the first set extending into the spacing between two fiat tabs of the first sériés, and at least some, and preferably each angled tab(s) of the second set extending into the spacing between two fiat tabs of the second sériés, with the tabs of the first and second sets being angled while extending away from the fiat central body each having an angled portion and a fiat distal end portion extending parallel to the fiat tabs.

Thanks to its fiat rectangular body, such a substantially fiat formwork plate has reduced overall dimensions. This enables an easier stacking of the formwork plates, specifically on a pallet, prior to the use thereof, with the angled tabs being oriented upwards.

Besides, the fixing of a plate with another plate in the extension thereof already exists in the plate as fiat tabs and the spacing between these, which simplifies the fixing of such plates.

This is made possible by a different distribution of the sériés of fiat tabs on two sides of the plates, with such sériés being complementary, with the tabs of a first sériés of tabs on one side of a first plate which can be inserted between the tabs of a second sériés of tabs of a second plate positioned as an extension of the first plate.

The distal end portion of each angled tab, which is fiat, is intended to rest on the opposite plate body, and at least partly contributes to the provisional stability of the plates relative to each other, with the plates thus forming a formwork.

Eventually, the angled tabs will make it possible to define a volume between two plates opposite the angled tabs of the opposed plates, a volume which forms the volume of the formwork and is at least partially intended to contain some material, called the filling material. The at least partial introduction of some material into at least a part of the volume will make it possible to stiffen the assembly by fixing the angled tabs in the material and by preventing any undesirable motion of such angled tabs, which results in a self-stabilized formwork.

According to another object of the invention, a formwork is provided which comprises at least four of such formwork plates, characterized in that it comprises :

at least two first formwork plates so joined that the bodies thereof are positioned in the same first plane, at least two second formwork plates so joined that the bodies thereof are positioned in the same second plane, which is different from the first plane and parallel to the first plane, with said at least two first and second plates being positioned at a distance from each other and back to back, i.e. with their angled tabs facing one another so as to at least partially define a volume inserted between the first and second plates;

the angled tabs of said at least two first and second plates being so configured as to cooperate to form, in said volume, at least three zones, the periphery of which is at least partially defined by the angled tabs.

In addition to the above mentioned advantages as regards the formwork plate and which are also valid for the formwork, the formwork according to the invention provides for a division of the internai volume of the formwork into several zones.

This makes it possible, for four plates grouped two by two, to fill only one first zone with a material, so as to obtain an at least preliminary holding of the thus mounted formwork, but which advantageously remains final, with such first zone being defined by the coopération of sets of angled tabs of the first and second plates facing each other.

The quantity of material to be poured into the first zone for first and second plates, i.e. at least four plates with at least two plates made intégral together and opposite two other plates, also made intégral together is thus reduced relative to what should be poured into the whole volume between the first and second plates. The association of angled tabs as provided for in the présent invention makes it possible to obtain at least a substantially closed first zone in a direction perpendicular to the first and second plates for the filling with the material, which thus entails insignif icant loss of material in the remaining part of the volume.

According to another object of the invention, a construction assembly is provided for, of the type comprising at least either a wall, or a floor, or an arch, or a ceiling, or at least two of these éléments, characterized in that it comprises at least one such formwork, with a first one of said at least three zones being filled with a hardenable material, of the concrète, cernent, clay, or binder types.

The first filled zone is advantageously a reduced zone, which corresponds, for instance, to a zone defined by the angled tabs of the first, second, third and fourth formwork plates. Such filling gives the formwork stability during mounting and operation. The material is hardenable or in a closed bag and advantageously quick setting, so that it can solidify the formwork as quickly as possible. Then the other zones of the formwork can also be filled with a material which may be similar to or different from the material of the first zone.

Within the scope of the invention, a method is provided for manufacturing such a construction assembly, characterized by the following steps:

- connection of at least two plates positioned in the extension of each other by inserting fiat tabs of one into the spacing between the fiat tabs of the other one so as to obtain at least two first plates, connection of two plates positioned in the extension of each other by inserting fiat tabs of one into the spacing between the fiat tabs of the other one so as to obtain at least two second plates,

- positioning said at least two first and two second plates with the angled tabs thereof facing one another, inserting angled tabs of said at least two first plates between the angled tabs of said at least two second plates, until the fiat distal end portions of the angled tabs of said at least two first plates are supported by said at least two second plates and vice versa,

- the angled tabs of said at least two first and second plates at least partially defining at least three zones in the volume between said at least two first and said at least two second plates, with, for defining one side of a first zone, the angled tabs of one of said at least two first plates being inserted between the angled tabs of one of said at least two second, plates and for defining the opposite side of the first zone, with the angled tabs of the other one of said at least two first plates being inserted between the angled tabs of the other one of said at least two second plates,

- positioning and holding side plates on at least one side having no tab of said at least two first and second plates,

- if need be, repeating the preceding steps for positioning additional plates in the extension of said at least two first and second plates while forming said at least three zones, among which the first zone and/or, for positioning additional side plates in addition to said at least two first and second plates, when a construction of said at least one formwork is complété for manufacturing a construction assembly, introducing a material of the concrète, cernent, clay or binder or sand bag type into the/each first zone,

- if need be, introducing a material into the remaining zones among said at least three zones.

BRIEF DESCRIPTION OF THE FIGURES

The aims, objects, characteristics and advantages of the invention will be better understood upon reading the detailed description of one embodiment thereof which is illustrated in the appended drawings, wherein:

figure 1 is a schematic top view of one embodiment of a formwork plate according to the présent invention, mentioning the dimensions of such formwork plate for this embodiment, figure la is a schematic cross-sectional view of the formwork plate of figure 1, figure 2 is a schematic side view of one embodiment of a formwork according to the présent invention, with such formwork comprising at least eight formwork plates, figure 3 is a schematic top view of the embodiment shown in figure 1 for a formwork plate according to the présent invention showing details of the various éléments belonging to the formwork plate,

	figure 4	is	a	schematic	cross-sectional view
of	the formwork plate	of	figure 3,
	figure 5	is	a	schematic	perspective	view of
the	formwork plate	shown	in figures	3 & 4,
	figure 6	is	a	schematic	perspective	view of
one	embodiment of	a :	Eormwork according to the	présent

invention, with such formwork comprising at least four formwork plates, figure 7 is a schematic cross-sectional view of one embodiment of a formwork according to the présent invention, figure 8 is a schematic sectional view of one construction assembly comprising two walls, one floor and one arch, with such assembly being produced from at least one formwork according to the présent invention, figure 9 is a schematic perspective view of one detail of the junction of one arch and one wall within a construction assembly produced from at least one formwork according to the présent invention, figure 10 is a schematic perspective view of a formwork according to one embodiment of the invention comprising two first formwork plates opposite two second formwork plates, with zones defined by the angled tabs of the formwork plates being shown in this figure, figure 11 is a schematic perspective side view of the embodiment of a formwork according to figure 10, with the volume between the first and second formwork plates being clearly visible in this figure and at least three zones defined by the angled tabs being identified, figure 12 is a schematic perspective side view of one embodiment of a formwork plate according to the présent invention, figure 13 is a schematic perspective bottom view of the formwork plate of figure 12, figure 14 is a schematic perspective top view of a stacking, for transportation purposes, of formwork plates, with each formwork plate being similar to the one shown in figures 12 and 13.

The drawings are given for example only and are not restrictive as regards the invention. They are principle schematic views intended to facilitate the understanding of the invention and are not necessarily to scale of the practical applications. More particularly, the dimensions of the various parts are not représentative of reality.

DETAILED DESCRIPTION OF THE INVENTION

Prior to making a detailed review of the various embodiments of the invention, optional characteristics will be mentioned hereunder, which may be used either in association or alternately:

each angled portion of the angled tabs forms an angle with the fiat tab portion connected with the central body, as well as with the fiat distal end portion, with the angle ranging from 100° to 120° and preferably from 110° to 115°.

said angle is equal to 112°.

the angled portion of each angled tab is connected to the fiat central body by a fiat connecting portion.

the sides of the central body carrying no tab each carry a pin. This is advantageous for connecting a plate on a side carrying no tab.

the first sériés of fiat tabs on the first side is shifted relative to the second sériés of fiat tabs on the second side, with each fiat tab of the first sériés being aligned with a spacing between two fiat tabs of the second sériés and vice versa, with one of the two sériés of fiat tabs comprising one tab more than the other sériés and the set of angled tabs, associated with said sériés of fiat tabs comprising one tab more, comprises one angled tab less. As a matter of fact, as will be explained hereunder, the aim of the fiat tabs is to provide an extension to a formwork plate with another formwork plate. Such an asymmetry of the sériés of fat tabs makes it possible for a first side of a first plate carrying the first sériés of fiat tabs to be attached to a second side carrying the second sériés of fiat tabs of another plate. Except for the end plates of a formwork optionally, ail the formwork plates are the same as regards the asymmetrical sériés of tabs, which makes it possible to use only one type of plates to produce the formwork.

the number of fiat tabs of the first and second sériés is three and four respectively, whereas the number of angled tabs of the first and second sets is four and three respectively.

the width of the fiat tabs of the same sériés among the first and second sériés is constant for ail the tabs of the sériés and the width of the spacing between the fiat tabs of one sériés among the first and second sériés is equal to the width of the fiat tabs of the other sériés.

the plate is made of wood or based on aggregate particles.

the plate is molded.

as regards the formwork, the fiat distal end portions of the angled tabs of said at least two first plates are supported by at least two second plates and vice versa. Such fiat distal end portions enable a better contact between the angled tables and the opposed formwork plate.

the formwork comprises formwork plates positioned side by side with said at least two first and second plates, while being adjacent to said at least two first and second plates on one side having no tabs, with each formwork plate having a side pin on each side having no tabs, with the side pin of each plate cooperating with the body of a plate positioned laterally and vice versa for holding the two plates together. This is a simple and efficient means to connect two laterally positioned plates while still using only one type of plates.

the fiat tabs of one of said two first plates are inserted into the spacing between the fiat tabs of the other one of said two first plates and the fiat tabs of one of said two second plates are inserted into the spacing between the fiat tabs of the other one of said two second plates. So there is no clearance between the tabs in a direction perpendicular to that of the extension of the fiat tabs.

a first zone of said at least three zones is defined, on one side, by the angled tabs of one of said at least two first plates being inserted between the angled tabs of one of said at least two second plates and, on the other side, by the angled tabs of the other one of said at least two first plates being inserted between the angled tabs of the other one of said at least two second plates, with said first zone being at the junction, in the extension of each other, of said at least two first and second plates respectively. As will be explained in greater details hereunder, creating a first zone with a reduced volume is very advantageous to stiffen the formwork, even in the course of mounting with a not completed construction assembly.

the associated angled tabs of the two first and second plates are in an X shape, by closing each side of the first zone respectively. The X shape is advantageous for delimiting the sides of the first zone, transversally to the first and second plates by contributing to the confinement of the first zone.

in a construction assembly, at least a first one of said at least three zones is filled with a hardenable material.

the formwork is gone through by attachment means like screws, with such attachment means being fixed in the sélective material after filling at least a first one of said at least three zones. Such attachment means form points for anchoring the formwork in the then hardened material and reinforces the holding of the various éléments of the formwork together, which results in a self-stabilized formwork.

When referring to ail the figures and more particularly to figures 1, 3 to 5 and 11 to 14, in a first aspect of the invention, the latter refers to a formwork plate 10 intended to be one element of a formwork bearing reference 11, specifically in figures 2, 6 to 11.

The formwork plate 10 comprises a rectangular fiat central body 6, two opposite sides of which each carry two types of tabs, i.e. fiat tabs 1, 3 and angled tabs 4, 7.

The central body 6 is extended, on a first side, by a first sériés of fiat tabs 1 and, on a second opposite side, by a second sériés of fiat tabs 3. The fiat tabs 1, 3 extend in the plane of the body 6 while leaving some spacing between the fiat tabs 1, 3 in the same sériés. The fiat tabs 1, 3 advantageously hâve a rectangular shape, with a length perpendicular to the opposite sides which carry these, respectively.

The formwork plate 10 further has a first and a second sets of angled tabs 4, 7; 2, 7. Each angled tab 4, 7 of the first set extends into the spacing between two fiat tabs 1 of the first sériés, each angled tab 2, 7 of the second set extends into the spacing between two fiat tabs 3 of the second sériés. The angled tabs 4, 7; 2, 7 of the first and second sets are angled away from the fiat central body 6 and comprise each an angled portion 2, 4, and a fiat distal end portion 7 which extends parallel to the fiat tabs 1, 3.

Advantageously, prior to the angled portion 2, 4 of each angled tab 4, 7; 2, 7, each angled tab 4, 7; 2, 7 can be connected to the body 6 through a connecting portion 8 clearly seen in figures 1, la, 4, 13 and 14. Such connecting portion 8 is advantageously fiat and extends parallel to the fiat tabs 1, 3.

As more particularly shown in figures la and 4, each angled portion 2, 4 of the angled tabs 4, 7; 2, 7 forms an angle with the fiat distal end portion 7, with such angle ranging from 100 to 120° and preferably from

110° to 115°. As the distal end portion 7 is parallel to the fiat tabs 1, 3, the resuit is that the same angle exists between each angled portion 2, 4 of the angled tabs 4, 7; 2, 7 and the portion of the fiat tabs 1, 3 attached to the central body 6. Such angle is advantageously equal to 112°.

In a preferred embodiment of the invention, the sides of the central body 6 which carry no tab 1, 4, 7; 3, 2, 7 each carry a pin 5. As will be explained in greater details hereunder, such pin 5 is used for holding the formwork plate 10 relative to a plate positioned laterally relative to the plate 10. Side plate means any plate adjacent to another plate, on one side thereof which comprises no fiat tab 1, 3.

In a construction assembly, a side plate may be above the plate adjacent thereto, in the same vertical plane as the adjacent plane, such as is the case, for instance, for a wall, or in a slightly angled plane relative to vertical, as is the case, for instance, for an arch, or in the same horizontal plane as the adjacent plane, as is the case, for instance, for a plane ceiling or a floor. This can be seen in figure 9 which will be thoroughly explained hereunder.

In one preferred embodiment of the présent invention, the first sériés of fiat tabs 1 on the first side is shifted relative to the second sériés of fiat tabs 3 on the second side, so that each fiat tab 1 of the first sériés is aligned with a spacing between two fiat tabs 3 of the second sériés, and vice versa.

The resuit is that a sériés of two sériés of fiat tabs 1, 3, in figures 1, 3 to 5 and 11 to 14, the sériés carrying the fiat tabs 3, comprises one tab more than the other sériés. As the set of angled tabs 2, 7, associated with said sériés of fiat tab 1 comprises one tab more, then comprises an angled tab 2, 7 less.

As more specifically shown in figure 10, this is necessary because the tabs 3 on one side of the formwork plate 10a extending another formwork plate 10 and the fiat tabs 1 thereof are inserted between the tabs 1 of the other formwork plate 10. Extension means here parallel to the direction of extension of the fiat tabs 1, 3 away from the plate 10 which carries these.

The number of fiat tabs 1, 3 of the first and second sériés of fiat tabs can thus be three and four respectively, whereas the number of angled tabs 4, 7; 2, 7 of the first and second sets of angled tabs may be four and three respectively. This is not restrictive and the number of fiat or angled tabs may be any other number, but the arrangement thereof, with some spacing between the fiat tabs 1, 3 enabling the insertion of one angled tab 4, 7; 2, 7 into such spacing is still valid, as well as the shift between the two sériés of fiat tabs 1, 3.

Similarly, the width of the fiat tabs 1, 3 in the same sériés among the first and second sériés is constant for ail the tabs in the sériés and the width of the spacing between the fiat tabs 1, 3 in one sériés among the first and second sériés is équivalent to the width of the fiat tabs 1, 3 of the other sériés.

Advantageously, the formwork plate 10 may be made of wood or based on aggregate particles. Such plate 10 may advantageously be molded in any moldable material. The formwork plate 10 can thus be reproduced in large sériés using a molding process.

As shown in figure 1, the formwork plate 10 has a rectangular-shaped body 6 and may hâve, not restrictively, a width of 1.18m, including the pins 5, and a length of 1.2m, including the fiat tabs 1, 3. The thickness of such a formwork plate 10 may range from 1 to 2cm. The body of the plate 10 may be 1.04mx0.40m. The fiat tabs 1, 3 may be 0.40m long and 0.15m wide, with the spacing between two fiat tabs 1, 3 being 0.15m too.

The pins 5 may laterally protrude from the formwork plate 10 by 0.07m, while having a width of 0.20, i.e. half the width of the body 6 of the plate

10.

The distal end portion 7 of the angled tabs 4, 7 ;

2, 7 may be square-shaped with 0.15m sides. The connecting portion 8 may extend 0.10m away from the body 6 and parallel to the length of the fiat tabs 1,

3, while being 0.15m wide. As specifically shown in figure la, the angled portions 2, 4 of the angled tabs 2, 7; 4, 7 may be 0.13m high and may form, as mentioned above, a preferred angle of 112° with the distal end portion 7.

The thickness between one and two centimeter(s) and the light weight of the formwork plate 10 make it possible to stack a large number of these on a pallet, as shown in figure 14. This facilitâtes transportation, gives smaller oversize dimensions, and optionally makes it possible to save fuel for transportation.

According to a second aspect of the présent invention, the latter relates to a formwork, specifically illustrated in figures 2, 5 to 9, 10, 11, while referring to the other figures for the references which are not mentioned in these figures. Such formwork can be easily mounted, and may be implemented by any body.

Such formwork 11 comprises at least four formwork plates 10, 10a, 10b, 10c similar to the formwork plate disclosed above. Sais at least four formwork plates 10, 10a, 10b, 10c are preferably identical when these are not formwork end plates 11.

Such formwork 11 comprises at least two first formwork plates 10, 10a, which are so joined that their bodies 6 are positioned in the same first plane and at least two second formwork plates 10b, 10c which are so joined that their bodies 6 are positioned in the same second plane while being parallel to the first plane.

Said at least two first 10, 10a, and second 10b, 10c formwork plates are positioned at a distance from each other and back to back, i.e. with their angled tabs 4, 7; 2, 7 facing one another so as to at least partially define a volume 9 inserted between the first 10, 10a and second 10b, 10c plates.

Such volume 9 is defined by the height of the angled tabs 4, 7; 2, 7 of the plates 10, 10a, 10b, 10c and thus extends between the first 10, 10a, and second

10b, 10c formwork plates. The spacing thereof between the first 10, 10a, and second 10b, 10c formwork plates may be 0.13m, which corresponds to that of the angled tabs 4, 7,- 2, 7 protruding from a formwork plate 10, 10a, 10b, 10c.

The angled tabs 4, 7; 2, 7 of said at least two first 10, 10a, and second 10b, 10c formwork plates are so designed as to cooperate in order to form, in said volume 9, at least three zones A, B the periphery of

which	is	at	least partially defined	by	the	angled	tabs
4, 7.
	The	fiat	distal end portions 7	of	the	angled	tabs
4, 7;	2,	7	of	said at least two first	formwork plates

10, 10a may be supported by said at least two second

10b, 10c plates, and vice versa.

Said at least three zones may comprise a socalled first zone A which is totally defined by the angled tabs 4, 7; 2, 7 along the dimension of the formwork 11 which is perpendicular to the length of the angled tabs 1, 3. Such first zone A will be described in greater details hereunder since it plays an important part in the stability during the production of the formwork 11.

As shown in figure 9, in order to widen the formwork 11, more specifically sidewise, i.e. perpendicularly to the length of the fiat tabs 1, 3 and thus to the succession, in the extension of said at least two first 10, 10a, and second 10b, 10c plates, the formwork 11 comprises side formwork plates lOd to 10g, with such plates lOd to 10g being positioned laterally to said at least two first 10, 10a, and second 10b, 10c plates.

For this purpose, and as mentioned above, each formwork plate 10, 10a to 10g in this figure 9, has a side pin 5 on each side carrying no tab 1, 4, 7; 3, 2,

7. The side pin 5 of each plate 10b, 10c coopérâtes with the body 6 of a side plate lOd, 10e for holding the two plates together. During the production of a construction assembly, as shown in figure 10, the pins 5 may contribute to the vertical assembly of the formwork 11.

In figure 9, only the plates 10b and 10c of said at least two second plates hâve side plates lOd and 10e since the side plates associated to said at least two

first plates	10, 10a	hâve	been	omitted.	When
positioning a	side plate lOd	or	10e relative	to	a plate
10b or 10c,	the pin 5	of	a	plate	10b	or	10c is
positioned above the body	of	the side	plate	lOd	or 10e

and vice versa.

This remains applicable for side plates lOf or 10g positioned laterally relative to the side plates lOd or 10e, which are positioned laterally relative to two second plates 10b, 10c, and so on. This is of course, true for said at least two first plates 10, 10a although not shown in figure 9.

In figure 9, only the plates lOd to 10g are positioned above the plates adjacent thereto and form a substantially vertical assembly. In this case, the first zone (s) A of said at least three zones extend substantially vertically, transversely to the sériés of superimposed adjacent plates 10c, 10e, 10g; 10b, lOd, lOf. This is advantageous for filling the first zone A which is facilitated by gravitation, with the material penetrating, advantageously flowing into, the whole of the first zone (s) A, when the filling inlet of the first zone (s) A is provided through the last, i.e. the highest, side plates lOf, 10g.

Referring to ail the figures, in a preferred embodiment of the invention, the fiat tabs 1, 3 of one 10 of said two first plates 10, 10a, are inserted into the spacing between the fiat tabs 1, 3 of the other one 10a of said two first plates 10, 10a, and vice versa. Similarly, the fiat tabs 1, 3 of one 10b of said two second plates 10b, 10c are inserted into the spacing between the fiat tabs 1, 3 of the other one 10c of said two second plates 10b, 10c, and vice versa.

This is made possible because such fiat tabs 1, 3 are shifted on each one of the two sides of a formwork plate 10 and because of the same width of the fiat tabs 1, 3 and of the spacing thereof between each one of the fiat tabs 1, 3 in the same sériés.

Referring to ail the figures and specifically to figures la, 2, 6, 7, 10 and 11 in a preferred embodiment of the invention, a first zone A of said three zones A, B is defined, on one side, by the angled tabs 4, 7; 2, 7 of one 10 of said at least two first plates 10, 10a which are inserted between the angled tabs 4, 7; 2, 7 of another one 10b of said at least two second plates 10b, 10c.

On the other side, the first zone A is defined by the angled tabs 4, 7; 2, 7 of the other one 10a of said at least two first plates 10, 10a which are inserted between the angled tabs 4, 7; 2, 7 of the other one 10c of said at least two second plates 10b, 10c. The first zone A is positioned at the junction, in the extension of said at least two first plates 10, 10a and second plates 10b, 10c respectively.

In this embodiment, the associated angled tabs 4, 7; 2, 7 of the two first and second plates 10, 10b; 10a, 10c are in an X shape, by closing each side of the first zone A. The first zone A is thus partitioned in a direction transversal to the plates 10, 10a, 10b, 10c perpendicular to the respective extensions of the first 10, 10a, and second 10b, 10c plates.

As can be seen specifically in figure 11, the first zone A has a smaller section than that of the zones B and is better partitioned than the zones B, which are partitioned on only two opposite s ides when additional first and second plates are added to said at

least two first and second plates 10, 10a,	10b,	10c.
The zone A is surrounded by a zone B, on	each	side
thereof.
Assembling several plates 10, 10a 10b,	10c	thus

makes it possible to obtain a self-stabilized absorptive formwork 11 which can be used for building walls, arches or other construction assemblies.

Referring to ail figures and specifically to figure 8, according to another aspect of the présent invention, the latter relates to a construction assembly 12 to 15 of the type comprising at least one wall 13 or one floor 14, or one arch 15 or one ceiling 16, with such assembly comprising at least one formwork 11, with said at least three zones A, B being filled with a sélective material, of the concrète, cernent, clay, straw, soil, or binder types. Such an assembly may also contain two or more of such éléments 12 to 15 or ail such éléments 12 to 15 and form a complété construction assembly.

In the same line, and without any restriction, the floor may be 4m long, the walls 13 may be 2.03m high and the ceiling may be 3.42m high and be raised relative to the walls 13 by the arch éléments 15.

Referring to ail figures, a first zone A may be provided for each formwork 11 comprising two first 10, 10a, and two second 10b, 10c formwork plates. Since a formwork 11 may comprise more than two first and second plates 10, 10a, 10b, 10c, as many first zones A as there are groups of two first and two second plates 10, 10a, 10b, 10c may advantageously be provided.

The first zone (s) A and the other zones B of a formwork 11 may be sequentially filled, with the first zone A first, so as to stiffen the formwork, and then, if required, the remaining other zones B. The material of the first zone (s) A may be hardenable, advantageously quick-setting, so that the formwork 11 can solidify as quickly as possible.

Filling one or first zones A with, for instance, concrète, cernent, compressed clay soil or any other advantageously hardenable material prevents the formwork plates 10, 10a to lOd from moving away from one another.

In a preferred embodiment of the invention, the formwork 11 may be gone through by attachment means like screws, with such attachment means, not shown in the figures, being fixed in the sélective material after filling said at least three zones A, B. Ail attachments use screws and are oriented inwards relative to the formwork 11, and the screws are over five centimeters long. This is specifically but not only true for the first zone(s) A.

When the first zone (s) A are hard, the zones B may be filled using ail kinds of materials like concrète, soil or straw. They also may not be filled when the construction element concerned needs no reinforced stability.

As shown in figure 8, according to the invention, construction assemblies containing straight and arched éléments may be built. Such construction assemblies may, for instance, form a house. A formwork plate eut into two parts heightwise may give two formwork 11 edge plates.

Referring to ail figures, according to a last aspect of the présent invention, the latter relates to a method for manufacturing a construction assembly 12 to 15 with a step of connecting at least two 10, 10a plates positioned in the extension of each other by inserting fiat tabs 1, 3 of one into the spacing between the fiat tabs 3, 1 of the other one so as to obtain at least two first 10, 10a plates.

Simultaneously, a step of connecting two plates positioned in the extension of each other by inserting fiat tabs 1, 3 of one into the spacing between the fiat tabs 3, lof the other one is also executed, so as to obtain at least two second plates 10b, 10c.

The following steps of the method relate to the positioning of said at least two first 10, 10a and two second 10b, 10c plates with the angled tabs 4, 7; 2, 7 thereof facing one another, then the inserting of angled tabs 4, 7; 2, 7 of said at least two first 10, 10a plates between the angled tabs 4, 7; 2, 7 of said at least two second 10b, 10c plates, until the fiat distal end portions 7 of the angled tabs 4, 7; 2, 7 of said at least two first 10, 10a plates are supported by said at least two second 10b, 10c plates and vice versa. Advantageously fiat distal ends 7 of the angled tabs 4, 7; 2, 7 are supported by the opposite plates 10, 10a, 10b, 10c.

The angled tabs 4, 7; 2, 7 of said at least two first 10, 10a and second 10b, 10c plates then at least partially define at least three zones A, B in the volume 9 between said at least two first 10, 10a and said at least two second 10b, 10c plates.

One side of a first zone A is defined by the angled tabs 4, 7; 2, 7 of one 10 of said at least two first 10, 10a plates being inserted between the angled tabs 4, 7; 2, 7 of one 10b of said at least two second 10b, 10c. The opposite side of the first zone A is defined by the angled tabs 4, 7; 2, 7 of the other one 10a of said at least two first 10, 10a plates being inserted between the angled tabs 4, 7; 2, 7 of the other one 10c of said at least two second 10b, 10c plates. The first zone A is thus defined transversally to the plates 10, 10a, 10b, 10c in the volume 9, i.e. perpendicularly to the fiat tabs 1, 3 of the formwork plates 10, 10a, 10b, 10c.

The next step consists in positioning and holding side plates 10e to 10g on at least one side having no tab of said at least two first 10, 10a and second 10b, 10c plates. This may be provided by a pin 5 holding each one of said side plates 10e to 10g relative to its plate among said at least two first 10, 10a, and second 10b, 10c plates, and vice versa.

If need be, for a formwork 11 comprising more than two first and second plates 10, 10a, 10b, 10c, and possibly several side plates 10e to 10g, the preceding steps of positioning additional plates in the extension of said at least two first 10, 10a and second 10b, 10c plates while forming said at least three zones A, B, among which the first zone A are repeated.

This may also be executed in addition to, or instead of positioning additional side plates lOf to 10g in addition to said at least two first 10, 10a and second 10b, 10c plates. Such additional side plates lOf, 10g may, for instance, be positioned relative to already positioned side plates 10e, lOf, or on the other opposite side having no fiat tab 1, 3 of the first 10, 10a, and second 10b, 10c plates.

In the last two steps of the method according to the présent invention, when a construction of said at least one formwork 11 is complété for manufacturing a construction assembly 12 to 15, a material of the concrète, cernent, clay or binder type is introduced into the/each first zone A, advantageously cast therein, and if need be, material is introduced into the remaining zones B of said at least three zones A, B.

According to another embodiment which may be combined with ail the characteristics mentioned above, the présent invention relates to a molded formwork plate, made of molded wood based on aggregate particles, or any moldable material.

The thickness ranges from 1cm to 2cm and the light weight of the plate, as shown in figure 14, makes it possible to store these by stacking a large number of plates on a pallet, which ensures an easy transportation, fuel saving and small dimensions. The easy assembling thereof enables implémentation by anybody.

The plate is obtained by molding wood or any other moldable product, with the detailed dimensions in figure 1. Assembling several of these plates makes it possible to obtain a self-stabilized absorptive formwork to build walls, arches, or anything else. As shown in figures 2, 10 and 11, such formwork is characterized in that it comprises, by associating four identical plates, a zone A which will prevent plates from moving away from each other after filling with concrète or compressée! clay soil. When zones A are hard, the zones B may be filled with any kind of materials, such as concrète, soil or straw.

The plate consists of seven 15cm horizontal parts, 3 on one side, and 7 on the other side, which enables horizontal assembling, and of two 7cm pins, one at the top and one at the bottom of the plate which enables vertical assembling. To obtain the 13cm depth of the formwork, the plates are attached together back to back using seven tabs having an angle of 112°, and ending in a fiat surface shown in figures 3, 4, 5, 6 and 7. Both pins will be positioned at the back of the higher and lower zones. Assembling, depthwise, is obtained by fixing the tabs on the plates positioned back to back. Ail the attachments are provided by screws and are oriented inwards relative to the formwork, and the screws are over five centimeters long, and will be buried in the filling product 3 0 of the formwork.

As shown in figure 8, the method makes it possible to build straight and arched houses. A formwork plate eut into two parts heightwise gives two formwork 11 edge plates. Figures 12 and 13 show the plate, in 3 dimensions. The présent plate can be reproduced infinitely, using a molding process.

The plate according to the invention may hâve the following characteristics :

The plate is a molded formwork plate, made of molded wood composed of aggregate particles or any other moldable product, characterized in that it comprises, by associating four identical plates, a zone A which will prevent plates from moving away from each other after filling with concrète or compressed clay soil.

The plates are provided with seven tabs having an angle of 112°, and ending in a fiat surface shown in figures 3, 4, 5, 6 and 7, which makes it possible to attach same together, back to back.

The plates are provided with 7 15cm horizontal parts for horizontally assembling these, as shown in figures 3 and 5.

The plates are provided with two 7cm pins at the top and at the bottom of the plate, for vertically assembling these. Both pins will be positioned at the back 15 of the zone, as shown in figure 3.

The invention is not limited to the embodiments described above and extends to ail the embodiments concerned by the daims.

Claims (5)

1. A formwork plate (10, 10a, 10b, 10c) comprising a fiat rectangular central body (6) characterized in that the central body (6) is extended on a first side by a first sériés of fiat tabs (1), and on a second opposite side by a second sériés of fiat tabs (3), with the fiat tabs (1, 3) extending in the plane of the body (6) while leaving a spacing between the fiat tabs (1, 3) of the same sériés, with the formwork plate (10, 10a, 10b, 10c) further having first and second sets of angled tabs (4, 7; 2, 7), with at least some angled tabs (4, 7) of the first set extending into the spacing between two fiat tabs (1) of the first sériés, with each angled tab (2, 7) of the second set extending into the spacing between two fiat tabs (3) of the second sériés, with the angled tabs (4, 7; 2, 7) of the first and second sets being angled while extending away from the fiat central body (6) each having an angled portion (2, 4) and a fiat distal end portion. (7) extending parallel to the fiat tabs (1,

3) .

2. A formwork plate (10, 10a, 10b, 10c) according to the preceding claim, wherein each angled portion (2,

4) of the angled tabs (4, 7; 2, 7) forms an angle with the fiat distal end portion (7), with the angle ranging from 100° to 120° and preferably from 110° to 115°.

3. A formwork plate (10, 10a, 10b, 10c) according to the preceding claim, wherein said angle is equal to 112°.

4. A formwork plate (10, 10a, 10b, 10c) according to any one of the preceding daims, wherein the angled portion (2, 4) of each angled tab (4, 7; 2, 7) is connected to the fiat central body (6) by means of a fiat connecting portion (8).

5 . A formwork plate (10, 10a, 10b, 10c) according to any one of the preceding daims, wherein the s ides of the central body (6) carrying no tab (1, 4, 7; 3, 2, 7) each carry a pin (5). 6 . A formwork plate (10, 10a, 10b, 10c) according

to any one of the preceding daims, wherein the first sériés of fiat tabs (1) on the first side is shifted relative to the second sériés of fiat tabs (3) on the second side, with each fiat tab (1) of the first sériés being aligned with a spacing between two fiat tabs (3) of the second sériés and vice versa, one (3) of the two sériés of fiat tabs (1, 3) comprising one tab more than the other sériés and the set of angled tabs (2, 7) , associated with said sériés of fiat tabs (1) comprising one tab more, comprises one angled tab (2, 7) less.

7. A formwork plate (10, 10a, 10b, 10c) according to the preceding claim, wherein the nurnber of fiat tabs (1, 3) of the first and second sériés is three and four respectively, whereas the nurnber of angled tabs (4, 7; 2, 7) of the first and second sets is four and three respectively.

8. A formwork plate (10, 10a, 10b, 10c) according to any one of the preceding daims, wherein the width of the fiat tabs (1, 3) of the same sériés among the first and second sériés is constant for ail the tabs of the sériés and the width of the spacing between the fiat tabs (1, 3) of one sériés among the first and second sériés is equal to the width of the fiat tabs (1, 3) of the other sériés.

9. A formwork plate (10, 10a, 10b, 10c) according to any one of the preceding daims, with the plate (10,

10a, 10b, 10c) being a molded formwork plate, made from molded wood composed of aggregate particles.

10. A formwork plate (10, 10a, 10b, 10c) according to any one of daims 1 to 8, with the plate (10, 10a, 10b, 10c) being made of wood or based on aggregate particles. 11. A formwork plate (10, 10a, 10b, 10c) according to the preceding daim, with the plate (10, 10a, 10b, 10c) i being molded. 12 . A formwork (11) comprising at least four

formwork plates (10, 10a, 10b, 10c) according to any one of the preceding daims, characterized in that it comprises :

- at least two first formwork plates (10, 10a) so joined that the body (6) thereof is positioned in the same first plane;

- at least two second formwork plates (10b, 10c) so joined that the body (6) thereof is positioned in the same second plane different from the first plane and parallel to the first plane;

- said at least two first (10, 10a) and second (10b, 10c) plates being positioned away from each other and back to back, i.e. with their angled tabs (4, 7; 2, 7) facing one another so as to at least partially define a volume (9) interposed between the first (10, 10a) and second (10b, 10c) plates;

- the angled tabs (4, 7 ; 2, 7) of said at least two first and second (10, 10a, 10b, 10c) plates being so configured as to cooperate in order to form, in said volume (9) at least three zones (A, B) , the periphery of which is at least partially defined by the angled tabs (4, 7 ; 2, 7) .

13 . A formwork according to the preceding claim, wherein the fiat distal end portions (7) of the angled tabs (4, 7; 2, 7) of said at least two first (10, 10a) plates are supported by at least two second (10b, 10c) plates and vice versa.

14. A formwork (11) according to any one of the preceding two daims, with the formwork (11) comprising formwork plates (lOd to 10g) positioned side by side with said at least two first (10, 10a) and second (10b, 10c) plates while being adjacent to said at least two first (10, 10a) and second (10b, 10c) plates on one side having no tab (1, 4, 7; 3, 2, 7), with each formwork plate (10, 10a to 10g) having a side pin (5) on each side having no tab (1, 4, 7; 3, 2, 7), with the side pin (5) of each plate (10, 10a, 10b, 10c) cooperating with the body (6) of one plate (lOd to 10g) positioned laterally and vice versa for holding the two plates (10, 10a to 10g) together.

15. A formwork (11) according to any one of the preceding three claims, wherein the fiat tabs (1, 3) of one (10) of said two first (10, 10a) plates are inserted into the spacing between the fiat tabs (3a, la) of the other one (10a) of said two first (10, 10a) plates and the fiat tabs of one (10b) of said two second (10b, 10c) plates are inserted into the spacing between the fiat tabs of the other one (10c) of said two second (10b, 10c) plates.

16. A formwork (11) according to any one of the

preceding four claims, wherein a first zone (A) of said at least three zones (A, B) is defined, on one side, by the angled tabs (4, 7 ; 2 , 7 ) of one (10) of said at least two first (10, 10a) plates being inserted between the angled tabs (4, 7; 2, 7) of one (10b) of said at

least two second (10b, 10c) plates and, on the other side, by the angled tabs (4, 7 ; 2, 7) of the other one (10a) of said at least two first (10, 10a) plates being inserted between the angled tabs (4, 7; 2, 7) of the other one (10c) of said at least two second (10b, 10c) plates, with said first zone (A) being at the junction, in the extension of each other, of said at least two first (10, 10a) and second (10b, 10c) plates respectively.

17. A formwork (11) according to the preceding claim, wherein the associated angled tabs (4, 7; 2, 7) of the two first and second (10b, 10c,· 10, 10a) plates are in an X shape, by closing each side of the first zone (A) respectively.

18. A construction assembly (12 to 15) of a type comprising at least either a wall (13), or a floor (14) , or an arch (15) , or a ceiling (16) , or at least two of these éléments (13 to 16), characterized in that it comprises at least one formwork (11) according to any one of the preceding six daims, with said at least three zones (A, B) being filled with a sélective material, of the concrète, cernent, clay, straw, soil, binder or compressed clay soil types.

19. A construction assembly (12 to 15) according to the preceding claim, wherein the sélective material is concrète or compressed clay soil, or soil, or straw.

20. A construction assembly (12 to 15) according to any one of the preceding two daims, wherein at least one (A) of said at least three zones (A, B) is filled with a hardenable material.

21. A construction assembly (12 to 15) according to any one of the preceding two daims, wherein the formwork (11) is gone through by attachment means like screws, with such attachment means being fixed in the sélective material after filling said at least three zones (A, B) .

22. A method for manufacturing a construction assembly (12 to 15) according to any one of the preceding three daims, characterized by the three following steps:

- connection of at least two plates (10, 10a) positioned in the extension of each other by inserting fiat tabs (1, 3) of one into the spacing between the fiat tabs (3, 1) of the other one so as to obtain at least two first (10, 10a) plates, connection of two plates positioned in the extension of each other by inserting fiat tabs (1, 3) of one into the spacing between the fiat tabs (3, 1) of the other one so as to obtain at least two second (10b, 10c) plates,

- positioning said at least two first (10, 10a) and two second (10b, 10c) plates with the angled tabs (4, 7; 2, 7) thereof facing one another,

- inserting angled tabs (4, 7; 2, 7) of said at least two first (10, 10a) plates between the angled tabs (4, 7; 2, 7) of said at least two second (10b, 10c) plates, until the fiat distal end portions (7) of the angled tabs (4, 7; 2, 7) of said at least two first (10, 10a) plates are supported by said at least two second (10b, 10c) plates and vice versa,

- the angled tabs (4, 7 ; 2, 7) of said at least two first (10, 10a) and second (10b, 10c) plates at least partially defining at least three zones (A, B) in the volume (9) between said at least two first (10, 10a) and said at least two second (10b, 10c) plates, with, for defining one side of a first zone (A) , the angled tabs (4, 7 ; 2, 7) of one (10) of said at least two first (10, 10a) plates being inserted between the angled tabs (4, 7; 2, 7) of one (10b) of said at least two second (10b, 10c) plates and for defining the opposite side of the first zone (A) , the angled tabs (4, 7; 2, 7) of the other one (10a) of said at least two first (10, 10a) plates being inserted between the angled tabs (4, 7; 2, 7) of the other one (10c) of said at least two second (10b, 10c) plates,

- positioning and holding side plates (10e to 10g) on at least one side having no tab of said at least two first (10, 10a) and second (10b, 10c) plates,

- if need be, repeating the preceding steps for positioning additional plates in the extension of said at least two first (10, 10a) and second (10b, 10c) plates while forming said at least three zones (A, B) , among which the first zone (A) and/or, for positioning additional side plates (lOf to 10g) in addition to said at least two first (10, 10a) and second (10b, 10c) plates, when a construction of said at least one formwork (11) is complété for manufacturing a construction assembly (12 to 15) , introducing a material of the concrète, cernent, clay or binder type into the/each first zone (A), if need be, introducing a material into the remaining zones (B) among said at least three zones (A, B) .

ABSTRACT

The présent invention relates to a formwork plate

5 (10) comprising a fiat rectangular central body (6) extended in a first direction by a first sériés of fiat tabs (1) and in a second opposing direction by a second sériés of fiat tabs (3), the tabs extending in the plane of the body (6) while leaving a spacing between 10 tabs of the same sériés, the plate (10) having first and second sets of angled tabs (4, 7; 2, 7), with each angled tab extending into the spacing between two fiat tabs (1) respectively from the first or second sériés, the tabs (4, 7; 2, 7) being angled while extending the

15 body (6) each having an angled portion (2, 4) and a fiat distal end portion (7) extending parallel to the fiat tabs (1, 3) . The invention also relates to a formwork (11) made from several plates (10).

figure accompanying abstract