OA17476A - Installation solaire avec plusieurs systèmes de support suiveur en ligne. - Google Patents

Abstract

Installation solaire (1) linéaire comprenant au moins deux systèmes de support suiveur (2) pour des capteurs solaires, où chaque système de support suiveur (2) est orientable selon un axe de rotation principale (20) avec les systèmes de support suiveur (2) alignés sur une même ligne avec leurs axes de rotation principale (20) confondus, où chaque système de support suiveur (2) comprend : - une structure fixe (21) d'ancrage au sol; - une structure mobile comportant une plateforme (22) de support des capteurs solaires montée à rotation sur la structure fixe (21) selon l'axe de rotation principale (20); - un système mécanique d'entraînement (24) en rotation de la structure mobile selon l'axe de rotation principale (20). L'installation comprend un système d'actionnement (3) commun aux systèmes de support suiveur (2), couplé à leurs systèmes mécaniques d'entraînement (24) via un dispositif de transmission (4) mécanique s'étendant parallèlement à l'axe de rotation principale, de sorte que les plateformes (22) sont entraînées en rotation de manière concomitante par ledit système d'actionnement (3) par l'intermédiaire du dispositif de transmission (4) et des systèmes mécaniques d'entraînement (24).

Description

SOLAR INSTALLATION WITH SEVERAL INLINE FOLLOWING SUPPORT SYSTEMS

The present invention relates to a linear solar installation comprising at least two tracking support systems for solar collectors, and to a solar field integrating at least two parallel linear solar installations.

The object of the invention lies in the field of tracking support systems, otherwise called solar trackers or "solar tracker", of the orientable type along a single main axis of rotation, for a rotation making it possible to follow the sun during its movement. elevation and its descent from east to west For precision, such a main axis of rotation extends substantially parallel to the ground on which the follower support system is anchored.

Such tracking support systems are often assembled in line (extending from north to south) within linear solar installations, and these linear solar installations are themselves duplicated to form a solar field that can integrate several tens, even several thousand. of tracking support systems.

In solar fields integrating several linear solar installations, it is known, in particular from documents ES 2 368 402, US 2008/308091 and EP 2 317 247, to mount several mobile platforms side by side to form lines which are driven in rotation using a through transmission system. Thus, all mobile platforms are rotatably coupled perpendicular to the main axis of rotation.

In addition, these documents describe a rotational coupling between parallel linear installations by the placement of connecting bars extending perpendicular to the lines to connect the mobile platforms to each other, and extending across and in the middle of the lined aisles. by linear installations. These connecting bars are positioned between two platforms, in particular in the middle of horizontal beams, and therefore across aisles, so that the torque exerted by the connecting bars on the beams can be sufficient to rotate each beam from end to end. Such tie bars present a real hindrance to the movement of vehicles in these aisles, such as, for example, vehicles for cleaning solar collectors, vehicles for transporting personnel and maintenance and repair equipment, etc.

The object of the present invention is to resolve these drawbacks by proposing a linear solar installation of simple design and which offers the possibility of vehicle circulation in the aisles bordered by such installations.

To this end, it offers a linear solar installation comprising at least two tracking support systems for solar collectors, where each tracking support system is orientable along a single main axis of rotation with the tracking support systems aligned on the same line with their main axes of rotation substantially coincident, said solar installation being remarkable in that each tracking support system comprises:

- a fixed ground anchoring structure;

- a mobile structure comprising a solar collector support platform rotatably mounted on the fixed structure along the main axis of rotation;

a mechanical drive system for rotating the mobile structure along the main axis of rotation, said mechanical drive system comprising a mobile device mounted on the fixed structure offset from the main axis of rotation, and a link member coupled to said mobile device and connected to said platform such that movement of said mobile device causes rotation of said platform via the link member;

and in that the installation further comprises an actuation system common to said follower support systems, said actuation system being coupled to their mechanical drive systems via a mechanical transmission device extending parallel to the main axis of rotation, said transmission device being coupled to the mobile devices of the mechanical drive systems of each follower support system, so that the platforms are rotated concomitantly by said actuation system via the transmission device and mechanical drive systems.

Thus, the installation is carried out from several follower support systems each having their own fixed structure, their own mobile structure with platform, and their own mechanical system for driving the mobile structure in rotation; the synchronous rotation of the platforms being achieved by a unique actuation system for the linear installation, this

unique actuation system being coupled to the various mechanical drive systems by a transmission device separate from the mobile structure and offset from the main axis of rotation, facilitating assembly and maintenance of the installation. This transmission device extends parallel to the main axis of rotation so as not to obstruct the movement of vehicles in adjacent aisles.

The platform of the movable structure of a follower support system may include one or more beams, the or each beam being parallel to the main axis of rotation. The platform may optionally include, by way of non-limiting example, several cross members perpendicular to the axis of rotation and fixed to the or each beam. The solar collectors can of course be fixed directly on the beam (s).

Of course, in a solar field integrating several lines of solar collectors, there can be several linear solar installations according to the invention on the same line. In fact, with lines of solar collectors extending over several hundred meters, with several dozen tracking support systems per line, it is advantageous, for mechanical reasons, to have several linear solar installations side by side and aligned. on the same line, and therefore to have several actuation systems per line, always with an actuation system by linear solar installation which will be common to several tracking support systems. As described later, it is also conceivable to have an actuation system common to two linear solar installations placed on two parallel and adjacent lines.

Furthermore, it should be noted that the main rotation axes are substantially parallel to the ground on which the installation is anchored, and that these main rotation axes are substantially coincident on the same linear installation, in the sense that they can be completely confused when all the follower support systems are anchored to flat ground without unevenness, but these main axes of rotation can be significantly inclined with respect to each other when the follower support systems of the same installation are anchored on slightly ground hilly.

With the invention, the platforms of the follower support systems are not directly connected to each other and are separated from each other by a predefined space along the main axis of rotation.

According to one characteristic, the actuation system is fixed on the fixed structure or on the mechanical drive system of one of the follower support systems, in particular on a central follower support system.

According to another characteristic, the mobile device of the mechanical drive system of each follower support system is arranged below the corresponding platform, and the transmission device extends below the platforms of the follower support systems.

According to another characteristic, the platform of each follower support system comprises a central beam rotatably mounted on the fixed structure along the main axis of rotation, and the connecting element of each mechanical drive system is fixedly mounted on said structure. central beam, preferably close to a bearing for rotating the central beam on the fixed structure.

According to another characteristic, the transmission device comprises one of the devices chosen from the following list:

- transmission by cable and pulleys;

- transmission by chain and pinions;

- transmission by belt and pulleys;

- cable transmission;

- rotary shaft transmission and bevel gear mechanisms.

In a first embodiment, the mechanical drive system of each follower support system is of the type comprising a ring gear sector meshing with a pinion, in particular of the worm type, said pinion being coupled in rotation with the device. transmission and rotatably mounted on a bearing fixed to the fixed structure, and the ring gear sector is integral with the platform, the ring gear sector and the pinion respectively forming the connecting element and the mobile device of the mechanical system. training.

Such a solution is particularly advantageous in terms of robustness and reliability in the rotation of the platforms. In an embodiment with a single beam per follower support system, the ring gear sector can be fixed directly to the beam. In another embodiment with two or more beams per follower support system, the ring gear sector can be fixed to a cross member integral with the beams.

In a second embodiment, the mechanical drive system of each follower support system is of the type comprising a deformable parallelogram mechanism comprising:

- two lower arms having lower ends coupled together on a lower articulation pivotally coupled to the fixed structure along an axis parallel to the main axis of rotation;

- two upper arms having upper ends mated together on an upper joint, each upper arm having a lower end articulated on an upper end of a lower arm to form first and second central joints; and

- a transmission arm having a first end pivotally coupled to the upper articulation along an axis parallel to the main axis of rotation, and a second end integral in rotation with the platform, where the transmission device is linked to the central articulations between the lower and upper arms to bring said central articulations closer to and apart from one another, the transmission arm and the assembly (so-called deformable parallelogram assembly) integrating the lower and upper arms respectively forming the connecting element and the mobile device of the mechanical drive system.

Such a solution is particularly advantageous in terms of robustness and cost, and has the advantage of having particularly reduced wear of the constituent parts of the deformable parallelogram mechanism. Such a mechanical drive system can also advantageously be envisaged on an independent follower support system, with its own actuation system.

Advantageously in this second embodiment, the actuation system is of the cylinder type and comprises a body fixed to one of the lower and upper arms at the level of the first central articulation of a mechanical drive system of the cylinder. one of the follower support systems, and a rod movable inside the body and having one end fixed to the second central articulation of said mechanical drive system.

Still advantageously in this second embodiment, the transmission device is of the cable transmission type and comprises two cables attached respectively to the first and second.

central joints of the mechanical drive systems of each follower support system.

In a third embodiment, the mechanical drive system of each follower support system is of the type comprising a nut in which a threaded rod is engaged, said nut being mounted to pivot on the fixed structure via an axis perpendicular to the threaded rod. , and said threaded rod having a lower end coupled in rotation with the transmission device and an upper end coupled to a first end of a transmission arm via a ball joint, said transmission arm having an opposite second end integral in rotation with the platform, the transmission arm and the threaded rod respectively forming the connecting element and the mobile device of the mechanical drive system.

Such a solution is particularly advantageous in terms of strength and durability.

Advantageously, the actuation system is of the rotary motor or cylinder type.

The invention also relates to a solar field of the type comprising at least two linear solar installations, each linear solar installation comprising at least two tracking support systems for solar collectors, where each tracking support system is orientable along a single axis of main rotation and includes:

- a fixed ground anchoring structure;

- a mobile structure comprising a solar collector support platform rotatably mounted on the fixed structure along the main axis of rotation;

- a mechanical drive system in rotation of the platform along the main axis of rotation, said mechanical drive system comprising a mobile device mounted on the fixed structure offset from the main axis of rotation, and a link member coupled to said mobile device and connected to said platform such that movement of said mobile device causes rotation of said platform via link member;

wherein said linear solar installations extend substantially parallel and at least one of the solar installations conforms to the invention.

According to a first possibility, the two solar installations conform to the invention. Thus, the two installations are independent in rotation, so that no obstacle hinders traffic in the alley bordered by these two installations.

According to a second possibility:

- a first solar installation conforms to the invention, and

- a second solar installation comprises a transmission device coupling in rotation the mechanical drive systems of its follower support systems for synchronous rotation of the platforms of these follower support systems, said transmission device being coupled to the mobile devices of the mechanical systems driving each follower support system of said second solar installation;

and the network further comprises at least one link between the transmission device of the first installation and the transmission device of the second installation, so that the platforms of the second installation are driven in rotation by the actuation system of the first installation, concomitantly with the platforms of the first installation, via the or each link between the two installations.

Thus, the two installations are dependent in rotation, with the actuation system of the first installation which ensures the rotation of the platforms of the two installations; we are talking about a pair of coupled installations. The rotation of the platforms of the first installation is transmitted to those of the second installation thanks to the or each link. Thus, a vehicle can circulate between two pairs of coupled installations, so at least every two rows, along the entire length of the aisle separating two such pairs of coupled installations without any hindrance. The connection is advantageously but not necessarily arranged at the ends of the installations to limit the interference.

Other features and advantages of the present invention;

will appear on reading the detailed description below of three non-limiting implementation examples, made with reference to the appended figures in which:

- Figure 1 is a schematic perspective view of a linear solar installation according to a first embodiment of

FIG. 2 is a zoom view of zone II of FIG. 1;

FIG. 3 is a zoom view of zone III of FIG. 2;

- Figure 4 is a zoom view of zone IV of Figure 2;

- Figure 5 is a schematic perspective view of a solar field according to the invention integrating several solar installations according to the first embodiment of the invention;

- Figure 6 is a schematic perspective and partial view of a linear solar installation according to the first embodiment of the invention, with a variant in the transmission device;

- Figure 7 is a schematic perspective and partial view of a linear solar installation according to the first embodiment of the invention, with another variant in the transmission device;

- Figure 8 is a zoom view of part of Figure 7;

- Figure 9 is a schematic perspective and partial view of a linear solar installation according to a second embodiment of the invention;

- Figure 10 is a zoom view of part of Figure 9;

- Figure 11 is a schematic perspective and partial view of a linear solar installation according to the second embodiment of the invention, with a variant in the transmission device, in a first position of the platform;

- Figure 12 is a zoom view of part of Figure 11;

- Figure 13 is a schematic perspective and partial view of the installation of Figure 11, in a second position of the platform;

- Figure 14 is a zoom view of part of Figure 13;

- Figure 15 is a schematic perspective and partial view of a linear solar installation according to a third embodiment of the invention;

FIG. 16 is a zoom view of zone X of FIG. 15;

- Figure 17 is a schematic side view of part of the installation of Figure 15.

Referring to Figures 1 to 17, a linear solar installation 1 according to the invention comprises several follower support systems 2 for solar collectors, where each follower support system 2 is orientable along a single main axis of rotation 20.

Within the same solar installation 1, the follower support systems 2 aligned on the same line with their main axes of rotation 20 substantially coincident, with assembly and installation clearances on site ready and with ground faults ready (irregularities terrain, lack of flatness, etc.).

Each 2 follower support system includes:

- a fixed structure 21 anchoring to the ground;

a mobile structure comprising a platform 22 for supporting the solar collectors incorporating a central beam 23, the beam 23 being mounted to rotate on the fixed structure 21 along the main axis of rotation 20, inside two upper bearings 210 ( visible in Figures 3, 4, 6 and 7) supported by the fixed structure 21;

- a mechanical drive system 24, 25, 26 in rotation of the mobile structure 22, 23 along the main axis of rotation 20.

In the embodiments illustrated in the figures, the fixed structure 21 comprises two bases spaced from one another along the main axis of rotation 20 and each comprising two anchoring feet to the ground. The two bases of the fixed structure 21 each support an upper bearing 210, the beam 23 being rotatably mounted in these two bearings 210. The anchoring to the ground of the fixed structure 21 can be achieved by means of anchoring piles, preferably one stake per foot, and / or by means of ballast. The fixed structure 21 can of course have other embodiments, in particular in the form of a pylon or a post.

The platforms 22, and therefore the beams 23, are not connected to each other, and the beams 23 of two neighboring 2 follower support systems are spaced from each other by a predefined space. It is of course possible to have at least two parallel beams 23, instead of a single beam 23.

In the first embodiment illustrated in Figures 1 to 8, the mechanical drive system 24 comprises a ring gear sector 240 meshing with a pinion 241 of the worm type. The pinion 241 is rotatably mounted on a bearing 242 fixed to the fixed structure 21 in a direction perpendicular to the main axis of rotation 20, where the bearing 242 consists of a caliper with two parallel flanges supporting the pinion 241. The sector ring gear 240 is fixed to the beam 23 and extends perpendicular to the main axis of rotation 20 and therefore to the beam 23. Thus, the rotation of the pinion 241 causes the rotation of the ring sector

ΙΟ toothed 240 and therefore the rotation of the movable structure 22, 23 in the bearings 210, in other words the beam 23 rotates in the bearings 210.

In the second embodiment illustrated in Figures 9 to

14, the mechanical drive system 25 comprises a deformable parallelogram mechanism comprising

- two lower arms 250 having lower ends coupled together on a lower articulation 254 (of the universal joint type) which is pivotally coupled to the fixed structure 21 (in the lower part) along a pivot axis parallel to the axis of rotation main 20;

- two upper arms 251 having upper ends coupled together on an upper articulation 255 (of the universal joint type), each upper arm 251 having a lower end articulated on an upper end of a lower arm 250 to form first and second articulations units 253 between lower arms 250 and upper arms 251; and

- A transmission arm 252 having a first end pivotally coupled to the upper joint 255 along a pivot axis parallel to the main axis of rotation 20, and a second end rotatably attached to the beam 23.

From a functional point of view, by horizontally moving the central joints 253 between lower arms 250 and upper arms 251, the first end of the transmission arm 252 is pulled downwards and the beam 23 and therefore the platform 22 is thus made to rotate in one direction, and by bringing these central articulations 253 together horizontally, the first end of the transmission arm 252 is pushed upwards and the platform 22 is thus rotated in an opposite direction. Figures 9 to 12 illustrate a first configuration with the central hinges 253 close together, while Figures 13 and 14 illustrate a second configuration with the central hinges 253 spaced apart from each other.

In the third embodiment illustrated in Figures 15 to

17, the mechanical drive system 26 comprises a threaded rod 261 engaged in a nut 260, this nut 260 being mounted to pivot on the fixed structure 21 via a horizontal axis 264 perpendicular to the threaded rod 261.

The threaded rod 261 has an upper end coupled to the beam 23 via a transmission arm 262. Specifically, the upper end of the threaded rod 261 is coupled to a first end of the transmission arm

262 via a ball joint 263. In addition, this transmission arm 262 has a second opposite end integral in rotation with the beam 23.

From a functional point of view, by rotating the threaded rod 261 in one direction or the other, the threaded rod 261 is raised or lowered in the nut 260 which pivots on the axis 264 to follow the movement, from so that one pushes up or one pulls down the first end of the transmission arm 262, which turns the beam 23 and therefore the platform 22 in one direction or the other.

According to the invention, the installation 1 further comprises an actuation system 3 common to all the follower support systems 2, for rotating their respective platforms 22 synchronously.

This actuation system 3, of the motorized actuator type, is coupled to the mechanical drive systems 24, 25, 26 of all these follower support systems 2, via a mechanical transmission device 4 extending parallel to the beams 23. This actuation system thus acts on all the mechanical drive systems 24, 25, 26 to rotate all the platforms 22 of the same installation 1 at the same time. Of course, and as described above, it is possible to have several linear solar installations according to the invention which are placed on the same line, and which are therefore aligned and successively arranged side by side.

In the first embodiment and as illustrated in Figures 4 and 6, the actuation system 3 consists of a rotary motor rotating an output shaft, and the rotation of this output shaft causes the displacement of all the mechanical drive systems 24, 25, 26 via the transmission device 4, and therefore cause the rotation of all the platforms 22 of the same installation 1 concomitantly.

As shown in Figures 4 and 6, the rotary motor 3 is fixed to the fixed structure 21 of one of the follower support systems 2, and in particular on a central follower support system 2 as shown in Figure 1.

To convert the rotation of the rotary motor 3 into a movement of the mechanical drive systems 24, 25, 26, several transmission devices 4 are possible.

In a first version of the first embodiment illustrated in Figures 1 to 4 and 6, the transmission device 4 is of the type transmission by cable 40 and pulleys 41. As visible in Figures 4 and 6,

one or more cables 40 in a loop are coupled to a pulley 41 integral in rotation with the output shaft of the rotary motor 3 and, as can be seen in FIG. 3, this or these cables 40 are coupled to other pulleys 41 integral in rotation of the pinions 241 of the mechanical drive systems 24. In the embodiment of Figures 3 and 4, two strands of the or each cable 40 are coupled to the pulleys 41 while, in the embodiment of Figure 6, a only one strand of the or each cable 40 is coupled to the pulleys 41 by forming loops around them.

It is also conceivable to provide a transmission by belt and pulleys (by replacing the or each cable 40 by a belt) or by chain and pinions (by replacing the or each cable 40 by a chain and the pulleys by toothed pinions).

In a second version of the first embodiment illustrated in FIGS. 7 and 8, the transmission device 4 is of the rotary shaft 42 and angle transmission mechanisms 43 type. For this purpose, the transmission device 4 comprises a rotary shaft. 42, extending parallel to the beam 23 and to the main axis of rotation 20 and driven in rotation about its axis by a rotary motor 3. This transmission device 4 further comprises angle transmission mechanisms 43 composed of each of a first pinion 431 integral with the rotary shaft 42 and a second pinion 432 in mesh at right angles with the first pinion 431, where the second pinions 432 are integral in rotation with the pinions 241 of the mechanical drive systems 24.

In the second embodiment of Figures 9 to 14, the actuation system 3 is of the hydraulic or electric cylinder type, and comprises a body 30 fixed to the deformable parallelogram mechanism 25, at a first central articulation 253 ( that on the right in the figures), and a rod 31 movable inside the body 30 and having one end fixed to the second central articulation 253 (the one on the left in the figures).

In this second embodiment, the transmission device 4 is of the cable transmission 44 type. As can be seen in FIG. 10, a cable 44 (the top one in FIGS. 9 to 14) is attached to the first central articulation 253 of the deformable parallelogram mechanism 25, while another cable 44 (the lower one in Figures 9 to 14)

is attached to the second central articulation 253.

In the version of Figures 9 and 10, the cables 44 are attached to the corresponding articulations 253 forming a return loop. In the version of Figures 11 to 14, the cables 44 are attached to the corresponding joints 253 by means of brackets 45.

Thus, by moving the central joints 253 away from each other or approaching each other, the two cables 44 pull on the joints of the other deformable parallelogram mechanisms, leading to a synchronous pivoting of all the platforms 22.

Of course, in this second embodiment, it is conceivable to replace the jack with a rotary motor driving the cables 44 in horizontal displacement to move apart or bring the central joints 253 away from each other in all the deformable parallelogram mechanisms. .

In the third embodiment illustrated in Figures 15 to 17, the transmission device 4 is of the type transmission by cable 40 and pulleys 41. To this end, the transmission device 4 comprises one or more cables 40 in a loop which are coupled. to pulleys 41 integral in rotation with the threaded rods 261 of the mechanical drive systems 26.

Figure 5 illustrates a solar field integrating several solar installations 1 according to the invention. It is conceivable to integrate only solar installations 1 in accordance with the invention. However, in the embodiment illustrated in FIG. 5, solar installations 1 according to the invention, called first installations, are alternated with second installations 10 without an actuation system. These second installations 10 are almost identical to the first installations, except in that they do not include an actuation system 3.

The transmission device 4 of the first installation 1 is connected to the transmission device 4 of the second installation 10 by a link 5, in particular a rotary link shaft having a first end rotatably coupled to a pulley 41 of the transmission device 4 of the first installation 1, and a second end coupled in rotation to a pulley 41 of the transmission device 4 of the second installation 10. This connection 5 is advantageously but not necessarily disposed at the ends of the installations 1, 10.

Thus, the rotation of the rotary motor 3 of the first installation 1 is transmitted to the platforms 22 of the second installation 10 via the link 5 and via the transmission device 4 of the second installation 10.

Thus, one can circulate freely in the aisles A bordering two 5 installations 1.10 paired by a link 5.

Of course, the example of implementation mentioned above does not present any limiting nature and other improvements and details can be made to the solar installation according to the invention, without departing from the scope of the invention where d Other forms of mechanical drive system 10 and / or transmission device can for example be implemented.

Claims (15)

1. Linear solar installation (1) comprising at least two follower support systems (2) for solar collectors, where each follower support system (2) is orientable along a single main rotation axis (20) with the support systems follower (2) aligned on the same line with their main axes of rotation (20) substantially coincident, said solar installation (1) being characterized in that each follower support system (2) comprises: - a fixed structure (21) for anchoring to the ground; - a mobile structure comprising a platform (22) for supporting the solar collectors rotatably mounted on the fixed structure (21) along the main axis of rotation (20); - a mechanical drive system (24; 25; 26) in rotation of the mobile structure along the main axis of rotation (20), said mechanical drive system (24; 25; 26) comprising a mobile device (241 ; 250, 251; 261) mounted on the fixed structure (21) in a manner offset from the main axis of rotation (20), and a connecting element (240; 252; 262) coupled to said mobile device (241; 250, 251; 261) and connected to said platform (20) such that the movement of said mobile device (241; 250, 251; 261) causes the rotation of said platform (22) via the link member (240; 252) ; 262); and in that the installation further comprises an actuation system (3) common to said follower support systems (2), said actuation system (3) being coupled to their mechanical drive systems (24; 25) ; 26) via a mechanical transmission device (4) extending parallel to the main rotational axis (20), said transmission device (4) being coupled to the mobile devices (241; 250, 251; 261) of the systems drive mechanisms (24; 25; 26) of each follower support system (2), so that the platforms (22) are rotated concomitantly by said actuation system (3) via the transmission device (4) and mechanical drive systems (24; 25; 26). 2. Solar installation (1) according to claim 1, wherein the platforms (22) of the follower support systems (2) are not directly connected to each other and are spaced from each other by a predefined space according to the main axis of rotation (20). 3. Solar installation (1) according to claims 1 or 2, wherein the actuation system (3) is fixed to the fixed structure (21) or to the mechanical drive system of one of the follower support systems. (2), in particular on a central follower support system (2). 4. Solar installation (1) according to any one of the preceding claims, wherein the mobile device (241; 250, 251; 261) of the mechanical drive system (24; 25; 26) of each follower support system ( 2) is arranged below the corresponding platform (22), and the transmission device (4) extends below the platforms (22) of the follower support systems (2). 5. Solar installation (1) according to any one of the preceding claims, wherein the platform (22) of each follower support system (2) comprises a central beam (23) rotatably mounted on the fixed structure (21) according to the main axis of rotation (20), and the connecting element (240; 252; 262) of each mechanical drive system (24; 25; 26) is fixedly mounted on said central beam (23), preferably near a bearing for rotating the central beam (23) on the fixed structure (21). 6. Solar installation (1) according to any one of the preceding claims, wherein the transmission device (4) comprises one of the devices chosen from the following list: - transmission by cable (40) and pulleys (41); - transmission by chain and pinions; - transmission by belt and pulleys; - cable transmission (44); - rotary shaft transmission (42) and angle transmission mechanisms (43). 7. Solar installation (1) according to any one of claims 1 to 6, wherein the mechanical drive system (24) of each follower support system (2) is of the type comprising a ring gear sector (240) meshing with a pinion (241), in particular of the worm type, said pinion (241) being coupled in rotation with the transmission device (4) and rotatably mounted on a bearing (242) fixed on the I7 fixed structure (21), and the ring gear sector (240) is integral with the platform (22), the ring gear sector (240) and the pinion (241) respectively forming the connecting element and the mobile device of the mechanical drive system (24). 8. Solar installation (1) according to any one of claims 1 to 6, wherein the mechanical drive system (25) of each follower support system (2) is of the type comprising: - two lower arms (250) having lower ends coupled together on a lower articulation (254) pivotally coupled to the fixed structure (21) along an axis parallel to the main axis of rotation (20); - two upper arms (251) having upper ends coupled together on an upper articulation (255), each upper arm (251) having a lower end articulated on an upper end of a lower arm (250) to form first and second central joints (253); and - a transmission arm (252) having a first end pivotally coupled to the upper articulation (255) along an axis parallel to the main axis of rotation (20), and a second end integral in rotation with the platform (22) ), where the transmission device (4) is linked to the central joints (253) between the lower and upper arms (250, 251) to bring said central joints (253) closer and apart from each other, the arm of transmission (252) and the assembly integrating the lower and upper arms (250, 251) respectively forming the connecting element and the mobile device of the mechanical drive system (25). 9. Solar installation (1) according to claim 8, wherein the actuation system (3) is of the cylinder type and comprises a body (30) fixed to one of the lower and upper arms (250, 251) at the level of the first central articulation (253) of a mechanical drive system (25) of one of the follower support systems (2), and a rod (31) movable inside the body (30) and having one end fixed to the second central articulation (253) of said mechanical drive system (25). 10. Solar installation (1) according to claims 8 or 9, wherein the transmission device (4) is of the cable transmission type (44) and comprises two cables (44) attached respectively to the first and second central articulations (253). mechanical drive systems (25) of each follower support system (2). 11. Solar installation (1) according to any one of claims 1 to 6, wherein the mechanical drive system (26) of each follower support system (2) is of the type comprising a nut (260) in which is engaged a threaded rod (261), said nut (260) being pivotally mounted on the fixed structure (21) via an axis (264) perpendicular to the threaded rod (261), and said threaded rod (261) having a lower end coupled rotating with the transmission device (4) and an upper end coupled to a first end of a transmission arm (262) via a ball joint (263), said transmission arm (262) having an opposite second end integral with rotation of the platform (22), the transmission arm (262) and the threaded rod (261) respectively forming the connecting element and the mobile device of the mechanical drive system (26). 12. Solar installation (1) according to any one of the preceding claims, wherein the actuating system (3) is of the rotary motor or cylinder type. 13. Solar field of the type comprising at least two linear solar installations (1, 10), each linear solar installation (1; 10) comprising at least two follower support systems (2) for solar collectors, where each follower support system (2) can be oriented along a single axis of main rotation and comprises: - a fixed structure (21) for anchoring to the ground; - a mobile structure comprising a platform (22) for supporting the solar collectors rotatably mounted on the fixed structure (21) along the main axis of rotation (20); - a mechanical drive system (24; 25; 26) in rotation of the platform (22) along the main axis of rotation, said mechanical drive system (24; 25; 26) comprising a mobile device (241; 250, 251; 261) mounted on the fixed structure (21) offset with respect to the main axis of rotation (20), and a connecting element (240; 252; 262) coupled to said mobile device (241; 250) , 251; 261) and connected to said platform (20) so that the movement of said mobile device (241; 250, 251; 261) causes the rotation of said platform (22) via the link member (240; 252; 262); wherein said linear solar installations (1, 10) extend substantially parallel and at least one of the solar installations (1) conforms to any one of the preceding claims. 14. Solar field according to claim 13, wherein the two solar installations (1) conform to any one of claims 1 to 12. 15. A solar field according to claim 13, wherein: - a first solar installation (1) conforms to any one of claims 1 to 12, and - a second solar installation (10) comprises a transmission device (4) coupling the mechanical systems in rotation 15 for driving (24; 25; 26) of its follower support systems (2) for a synchronous rotation of the platforms (22) of these follower support systems (2), said transmission device (4) being coupled to the devices movable (241; 250, 251; 261) of the mechanical drive systems (24; 25; 26) of each follower support system (2) of said second solar installation (10); and in which the network further comprises at least one link (5) between the transmission device (4) of the first installation (1) and the transmission device (4) of the second installation (10), so that the platforms (22) of the second installation (10) are rotated by the actuation system (3) of the first installation (1), concomitantly with the platforms (22) of the first installation (1), by the intermediary of the or each link (5) between the two installations (1, 10). SHORT SOLAR INSTALLATION WITH SEVERAL INLINE FOLLOWING SUPPORT SYSTEMS Linear solar installation (1) comprising at least two follower support systems (2) for solar collectors, where each follower support system (2) is orientable along a main rotation axis (20) with the follower support systems (2 ) aligned on the same line with their main axes of rotation (20) coincident, where each follower support system (2) comprises: - a fixed structure (21) for anchoring to the ground; - a mobile structure comprising a platform (22) for supporting the solar collectors rotatably mounted on the fixed structure (21) along the main axis of rotation (20); - a mechanical drive system (24) in rotation of the mobile structure along the main axis of rotation (20). The installation comprises an actuation system (3) common to the follower support systems (2), coupled to their mechanical drive systems (24) via a mechanical transmission device (4) extending parallel to the axis of main rotation, so that the platforms (22) are rotated concomitantly by said actuation system (3) via the transmission device (4) and the mechanical drive systems (24).