NZ760189B2 - Light detection devices with protective liner and methods related to same - Google Patents
Light detection devices with protective liner and methods related to same Download PDFInfo
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- NZ760189B2 NZ760189B2 NZ759905A NZ75990518A NZ760189B2 NZ 760189 B2 NZ760189 B2 NZ 760189B2 NZ 759905 A NZ759905 A NZ 759905A NZ 75990518 A NZ75990518 A NZ 75990518A NZ 760189 B2 NZ760189 B2 NZ 760189B2
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Classifications
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- G01J—MEASUREMENT OF INTENSITY, VELOCITY, SPECTRAL CONTENT, POLARISATION, PHASE OR PULSE CHARACTERISTICS OF INFRARED, VISIBLE OR ULTRAVIOLET LIGHT; COLORIMETRY; RADIATION PYROMETRY
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- G01N33/48—Biological material, e.g. blood, urine; Haemocytometers
- G01N33/50—Chemical analysis of biological material, e.g. blood, urine; Testing involving biospecific ligand binding methods; Immunological testing
- G01N33/58—Chemical analysis of biological material, e.g. blood, urine; Testing involving biospecific ligand binding methods; Immunological testing involving labelled substances
- G01N33/582—Chemical analysis of biological material, e.g. blood, urine; Testing involving biospecific ligand binding methods; Immunological testing involving labelled substances with fluorescent label
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- G—PHYSICS
- G02—OPTICS
- G02B—OPTICAL ELEMENTS, SYSTEMS OR APPARATUS
- G02B6/00—Light guides; Structural details of arrangements comprising light guides and other optical elements, e.g. couplings
- G02B6/10—Light guides; Structural details of arrangements comprising light guides and other optical elements, e.g. couplings of the optical waveguide type
- G02B6/12—Light guides; Structural details of arrangements comprising light guides and other optical elements, e.g. couplings of the optical waveguide type of the integrated circuit kind
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- G02B6/24—Coupling light guides
- G02B6/42—Coupling light guides with opto-electronic elements
- G02B6/4201—Packages, e.g. shape, construction, internal or external details
- G02B6/4204—Packages, e.g. shape, construction, internal or external details the coupling comprising intermediate optical elements, e.g. lenses, holograms
- G02B6/4214—Packages, e.g. shape, construction, internal or external details the coupling comprising intermediate optical elements, e.g. lenses, holograms the intermediate optical element having redirecting reflective means, e.g. mirrors, prisms for deflecting the radiation from horizontal to down- or upward direction toward a device
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- H—ELECTRICITY
- H01—ELECTRIC ELEMENTS
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- H01L27/14—Devices consisting of a plurality of semiconductor or other solid-state components formed in or on a common substrate including semiconductor components sensitive to infrared radiation, light, electromagnetic radiation of shorter wavelength or corpuscular radiation and specially adapted either for the conversion of the energy of such radiation into electrical energy or for the control of electrical energy by such radiation
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- H01—ELECTRIC ELEMENTS
- H01L—SEMICONDUCTOR DEVICES NOT COVERED BY CLASS H10
- H01L31/00—Semiconductor devices sensitive to infrared radiation, light, electromagnetic radiation of shorter wavelength or corpuscular radiation and specially adapted either for the conversion of the energy of such radiation into electrical energy or for the control of electrical energy by such radiation; Processes or apparatus specially adapted for the manufacture or treatment thereof or of parts thereof; Details thereof
- H01L31/02—Details
- H01L31/0216—Coatings
- H01L31/02161—Coatings for devices characterised by at least one potential jump barrier or surface barrier
- H01L31/02162—Coatings for devices characterised by at least one potential jump barrier or surface barrier for filtering or shielding light, e.g. multicolour filters for photodetectors
- H01L31/02165—Coatings for devices characterised by at least one potential jump barrier or surface barrier for filtering or shielding light, e.g. multicolour filters for photodetectors using interference filters, e.g. multilayer dielectric filters
-
- H—ELECTRICITY
- H01—ELECTRIC ELEMENTS
- H01L—SEMICONDUCTOR DEVICES NOT COVERED BY CLASS H10
- H01L31/00—Semiconductor devices sensitive to infrared radiation, light, electromagnetic radiation of shorter wavelength or corpuscular radiation and specially adapted either for the conversion of the energy of such radiation into electrical energy or for the control of electrical energy by such radiation; Processes or apparatus specially adapted for the manufacture or treatment thereof or of parts thereof; Details thereof
- H01L31/02—Details
- H01L31/0232—Optical elements or arrangements associated with the device
- H01L31/02327—Optical elements or arrangements associated with the device the optical elements being integrated or being directly associated to the device, e.g. back reflectors
Abstract
respiratory pressure therapy (RPT) device is disclosed for treatment of respiratory-related disorders. The RPT device includes a pressure generator, a pneumatic block, a chassis and a device outlet for delivering a supply of flow of gas to a patient interface. The RPT device also comprises an integrated humidifier including a water reservoir. The RPT device includes two bellows-type face seals, each of the bellows-type face seals being configured to seal between the water reservoir and a corresponding one of the dock inlet and the dock outlet when the water reservoir or the muffler is received in the dock. The bellows type face seal is radially more tolerant to misalignment than an arrangement where, for example, one male connector is inserted into a female connector. grated humidifier including a water reservoir. The RPT device includes two bellows-type face seals, each of the bellows-type face seals being configured to seal between the water reservoir and a corresponding one of the dock inlet and the dock outlet when the water reservoir or the muffler is received in the dock. The bellows type face seal is radially more tolerant to misalignment than an arrangement where, for example, one male connector is inserted into a female connector.
Description
METHOD AND APPARATUSES FOR SCREENING
Specification
Cross-Reference to Related Applications
This application claims the benefit of U.S. Patent Application No. 62/515,964, filed
June 6, 2017, currently pending, and U.S. Patent Application No. 62/615,302, filed January 9,
2018, currently pending, the contents of both of which are incorporated by reference herein and
the priority of both of which are hereby claimed.
Brief Description of Drawings
Various aspects and features of the present disclosure are described herein with
reference to the drawings. Like numbers refer to like, but not necessarily the same or identical,
elements throughout.
shows a side view of a screen basket, according to an example embodiment of
the present disclosure.
shows a top view of a screen basket, according to an example embodiment of
the present disclosure.
shows a top-side perspective view of a screen basket, according to an example
embodiment of the present disclosure.
shows a top view of a polyurethane screen for use with a basket cage,
according to an example embodiment of the present disclosure.
shows a bottom view of the polyurethane screen of
shows a side view of a polyurethane screen for use with a basket cage,
according to an example embodiment of the present disclosure.
is a partial top view showing attachment of screen members to a basket frame,
according to an example embodiment of the present disclosure.
shows a portion of the polyurethane screen shown in
shows an enlarged view of a portion of the polyurethane screen shown in
shows a fragmentary side cross-sectional view of a polyurethane screen,
according to an example embodiment of the present disclosure.
shows an enlarged view of a portion of the fragmentary cross-sectional view
shown in
shows an enlarged fragmentary cross-sectional view taken substantially
along line 10-10 of showing a cross-sectional configuration of a modified shape of the
first members with reinforcement members, according to an example embodiment of the present
disclosure.
shows an enlarged fragmentary cross-sectional view similar to that of , but showing first members without reinforcement members, according to an example
embodiment of the present disclosure.
shows an exploded isometric view of a portion of a polyurethane screen
according to an example embodiment of the present disclosure, having reinforcement members
integral with the first and second members.
shows an exploded view of a use of a screen basket according to an example
embodiment of the present disclosure, in an embodiment of a screen separator apparatus.
shows a side cross-sectional view of an example embodiment of use of a
screen basket, according to an example embodiment of the present disclosure, in an embodiment
of a screen separator apparatus.
shows a perspective view of an example of a basket cage in accordance with
an example embodiment of the disclosure.
A shows a perspective view of an example screen basket that includes
multiple screening cartridge assemblies attached to a basket cage, according to an example
embodiment of the present disclosure.
B shows a fragmentary perspective view of the screen basket shown in A, featuring multiple screening cartridge assemblies, according to an example embodiment of
the present disclosure.
C shows a fragmentary perspective view of an interior portion of the screen
basket shown in A, featuring the multiple screening cartridge assemblies, according to an
example embodiment of the present disclosure.
shows a fragmentary cross-sectional view of example screening cartridge
assemblies mounted on a grid frame, according to an example embodiment of the present
disclosure.
A shows a perspective view of an example of a screening cartridge assembly,
according to an example embodiment of the present disclosure.
B shows cross-sectional and side views of the example screening cartridge
assembly shown in A. Example dimensions, in units of inches, are presented in the
views. The disclosure is not limited to such dimensions, and other dimensions can be
contemplated.
A shows a perspective view of an example of a case of a screening cartridge
assembly, according to an example embodiment of the present disclosure.
B shows cross-sectional and side views of the example case shown in A. Example dimensions, in units of inches, are presented in the views. The disclosure is not
limited to such dimensions, and other dimensions can be contemplated.
C illustrates an example of multiple cases affixed to a grid frame of a basket
cage, according to an example embodiment of the present disclosure.
A shows an example of a screen assembly element, according to an example
embodiment of the present disclosure.
B illustrates cross-sectional and side views of the example screen assembly
element shown in A. Example dimensions, in units of inches, are presented in the views.
The disclosure is not limited to such dimensions, and other dimensions can be contemplated.
A shows a perspective view of an example of a framework unit of a screen
assembly, according to an example embodiment of the present disclosure.
B shows top and side views of the example framework unit shown in A.
A shows an example of a screen element of a screen assembly, according to
an example embodiment of the present disclosure.
B shows top and side views of the example screen element shown in A.
A shows another example of a screen assembly element, according to an
example embodiment of the present disclosure.
B shows side views of the example screen assembly element shown in A.
shows an example of a cartridge screen element, according to an example
embodiment of the present disclosure.
shows an example of a bottom case portion of the cartridge screen element
shown in .
Description of Embodiments
The present disclosure relates to apparatuses and methods for filtering, and
particularly to the use of improved screen baskets to be used in methods and systems for sorption
of metals from metal-containing ore. Embodiments of the present disclosure may be utilized
with carbon-in-pulp (CIP), carbon-in-leach (CIL), and resin-in-leach (RIL) systems, among
others. CIL and CIP systems are, for example, two counter-current methods for adsorbing
leached gold from a pulp stream onto activated carbon. In such CIL and CIP processes, a
plurality of adsorption tanks are placed in a series. Pulp flows continuously from the first tank of
this series to the last tank. Simultaneously, carbon is pumped counter-current from the last tank
of the series to the first tank. CIP and CIP processes differ in the extent to which gold is leached
prior to carbon adsorption. For example, in CIL operation, carbon is added to the leaching tanks,
and the leaching reaction and adsorption occur simultaneously. In contrast, in the CIP process,
the majority of the leachable gold is leached out before the first adsorption stage.
A description of a general process of recovering gold from a gold-bearing ore,
employing a combined cyanidation and adsorption treatment, may be found in U.S. Patent No.
4,188,208. Although embodiments of the present disclosure are generally discussed with
reference to gold or carbon, embodiments of the present disclosure may be equally applied to
processes for recovering silver, iron, nickel, and other metals from the appropriate ore. The
recovery of any metal from a mined ore is within the scope of the present disclosure.
A description of existing metal screen baskets and methods of use thereof in the
above-described CIP processes may be found in U.S. Patent No. 5,238,117. The process
described in U.S. Patent No. 5,238,117 have generally become known in the art as “NKM”
vertically swept interstage screening processes, and the screen baskets used therein have
generally become known in the art as NKM screen baskets. Generally, such NKM screen
baskets include a metal support frame provided with a wedge wide screen wrapped around a
peripheral sidewall thereof. The wedge wire screen is used to filter materials from a metal-rich
pulp. The screen basket is attached to an NKM screening device, and a lower portion of this
NKM screening device, including the attached NKM screen basket, is immersed in a tank
containing carbon-in-pulp material. Impellers on the NKM screening device cause the pulp in
the tank to follow through the wedge wire screen and into the interior of the NKM screen.
However, the wedge wire screen has a very low open screening area, which leads to inefficient
screening. The low open screening area also leads to clogging. Clogging, in turn, forces
increased volumes of pulp to flow through the unclogged areas of the wedge wire screen, which
increases the wear rate of the screen. Additionally, the individual wires that form the wedge wire
screens tend to deteriorate or break over time due to forces encountered during screening
processes, such as sweeping of internal and external propulsion blades.
In exemplary embodiments of the present disclosure, an improved screen basket
device for screening material is provided. The device comprises a support frame having a
substantially closed bottom and an open top, and a substantially cylindrical sidewall support
portion extending between the bottom and top of the support frame. The support frame may be
metal, such as stainless steel. A polyurethane screen sidewall extends around and is supported
by the sidewall support portion. The polyurethane screen sidewall comprises a high open-area
polyurethane screen. In certain embodiments, the polyurethane screen sidewall substantially
encloses the sidewall support portion between the closed bottom and open top to thereby provide
a maximized screening area. The polyurethane screen sidewall may be affixed to an outer
periphery of the sidewall support portion.
The polyurethane screen sidewall may be formed from a plurality of individual
polyurethane screen members. These individual polyurethane screen members may be aligned
adjacent to one another to provide a generally continuous screening area across the screen
sidewall. In one example, the plurality of individual polyurethane screen members may include
eight individual polyurethane screen members. In such embodiments, these eight individual
polyurethane screen members may be arranged such that four of the screen members are on a
lower half of the support frame and four of the screen members are on an upper half of the
support frame.
In certain embodiments, the substantially closed bottom may be provided with a
centralized aperture that allows receipt of the drive shaft of an NKM apparatus.
The high open-area polyurethane screen member, in certain embodiments, comprises
a flexible molded polyurethane body; screen openings in the body; a set of first, substantially
parallel flexible members defining opposite first sides of the screen openings; a set of second,
substantially parallel flexible members defining second opposite sides of the screen openings,
whereby the second members are substantially perpendicular to the second members; a set of
third, substantially parallel members having multiple first members therebetween; a set of fourth,
substantially parallel members having multiple second members therebetween; side edge
portions substantially parallel at opposite sides of the body, between which the third members
therein extend; and a first end portion and a second end portion substantially parallel at opposite
ends of the body, between which the fourth members therein extend, whereby the end portions
are substantially perpendicular to the edge portions. Screen openings in the flexible molded
polyurethane body of the polyurethane screen member may be about 0.044 mm to about 4.000
mm between inner surfaces of the first members, and about 0.044 mm to about 60.000 mm
between inner surfaces of the second members.
The polyurethane screen member can also include reinforcement members molded
integrally within at least one of the first and third members and at least one of the second and
fourth members. In some embodiments, the reinforcement members integrally formed within the
first members may have a substantially uniform thickness having a magnitude in the range of
about 0.006 inches to about 0.015 inches. The reinforcement members molded integrally with
the second members may have a substantially uniform thickness having a magnitude in a range
of about 0.015 inches to about 0.040 inches. The reinforcement members may be embodied in,
for example, rods that can be molded integrally with the members. The reinforcement members
may also be embodied in, for example, aramid fibers that are at least one of a twisted and a
woven multistrand, with the fibers having a linear density of about 55 denier to about 2840
denier.
The side edge portions of the polyurethane screen member may be configured for use
in attaching the screen member to the support frame. A plurality of enlarged polyurethane ribs
can be integrally formed on an exterior surface of the polyurethane screen body, with the ribs
arranged substantially vertical relative to the sidewall support portion. Each of the plurality of
ribs may extend substantially from a top to a bottom of the polyurethane screen member.
In further embodiments of the present disclosure, a basket cage may be provided that
includes a tubular, or substantially cylindrical grid frame with multiple openings. The multiple
openings in the grid frame can be arranged in a square lattice, and each one (or, in some
embodiments, at least some) of the multiple openings can have a square shape. In an example
embodiment, the multiple openings can include 264 square openings. A subset of the multiple
openings can be defined by longitudinal members and transversal members. A second subset of
the multiple openings can be defined by longitudinal members and transversal segments of a first
annular section of the grid frame, and, similarly, a third subset of the multiple openings can be
defined by longitudinal members and transversal segments of a second annular section of the
grid frame.
The basket cage may feature flanges at the top and bottom of the cage. The top
flange and openings can permit or otherwise facilitate mounting a plate or another type of cover
on the flange. In addition or in other embodiments, the flange and openings can permit or
otherwise facilitate mounting the basket cage into a screen separator machine (e.g., an NKM
vertically swept interstage apparatus).
The basket cage can be utilized in a separation process to separate specific particulate
matter from slurry or another type of fluid source. To that end, in one embodiment, screening
cartridge assemblies can be mounted to the basket cage, where the screening cartridge assemblies
can permit or otherwise facilitate the separation of specific particulate matter from the slurry.
Each one of the screening cartridge assemblies can be mounted or otherwise affixed to a
respective group of grid members that define, at least in part, a respective opening of the grid
frame. For openings in a row about the longitudinal axis of the grid frame, a group of grid
members that support a first one of the screening cartridge assembles can have a common grid
member with another group of grid members that support a second one of the screening cartridge
assemblies.
In some embodiments, each one of the multiple screening cartridge assemblies
mounted or affixed to the grid frame includes a screening assembly and a case (or another type
of container) configured to receive and hold the screen assembly. In some embodiments, the
case can be embodied in a single injection molded piece integrally formed by means of injection
molding a polyurethane, a thermoset polymer, or other types of polymer. Example embodiments
of the injection molded piece and the process of forming the injection molded piece are
discussed in more detail in the disclosures of U.S. Patent Application No. 13/800,826, U.S.
Patent No. 9,409,209, U.S. Patent No. 9,884,344, U.S. Patent Application No. 15/851,009, U.S.
Patent Application No. 15/965,195, and the cross-references included therein, which are hereby
incorporated by reference herein in their entireties.
The screen assembly has, in some embodiments, three individual screen units. The
case includes a first opening configured to receive and/or fit the screen assembly within the case,
and a second opening that permits exposing a screening surface of the screen assembly to an
exterior of the grid frame. The case also includes ridges that extend from a first edge of the case,
near the first opening, to an opposing second edge of the case. The ridges and respective
portions of the case form respective recesses that permit or otherwise facilitate mounting (e.g.,
gripping or clipping) the case to the grid frame.
The entirety or substantially the entirety of the grid frame of the screen basket can be
covered with screening cartridge assemblies in operation of a separation process. As such, in an
example embodiment, 264 screening cartridge assemblies can be mounted to the respective 264
square openings in the grid frame.
Further, the case can include an attachment frame section and a holder frame section.
The holder frame section can receive and/or hold the screen assembly formed by screen units.
The attachment frame section can include a set of ridges that form respective recesses, which in
turn permit or otherwise facilitate attachment (e.g., by clipping, clutching, or otherwise
engaging) of the screening cartridge assembly to a grid frame.
Screen cartridges according to the present disclosure may be any suitable shape for
attachment to a grid frame of a basket cage. For example and without limitation, the screen
cartridges may be of a square shape, or rectangular, or ovular, or any other shape. Although
example embodiments may provide for screen cartridges that are shaped to substantially match
the grid openings of the grid frame (i.e., a square screen cartridge on a grid frame with square
grid openings), screen cartridges of varying shapes may be affixed to grid openings a different
shape. Similarly, the grid frame of the basket cage may be of any suitable shape for screening.
Screen elements and screen cartridges according to the embodiments discussed herein
resist wear, abrasion, bending, and chemicals better than metal, and thus tend to last longer than
wedge wire frames in CIL processes. Screen elements as discussed herein also allow for the
formation of significantly smaller screen openings than those of conventional wedge wire
frames, which in turn improves screening efficiency. Use of the screen members as described
herein provides for significantly larger screening areas, and significantly reduces blinding as
compared to conventional wedge wire screen baskets. In use, screen elements and screen
cartridges as described herein also allow for a substantially consistent distance between the
external propulsion blades of the screening apparatus and the screening cartridge assembly,
thereby reducing clogging and elongating the life of the screen elements.
Referring now to the embodiment shown in FIGS. 1 to 5, the screen basket 1 of the
present disclosure comprises a basket frame structure 510 that has a high open-area polyurethane
screen 600 attached thereto.
As indicated in the basket frame 510 generally has a cylindrical
configuration, although other shapes may be used. The basket frame 510 may preferably be
formed of stainless steel, although other materials may be used. The frame has an upper end 511
and a lower end 515, and includes a plurality of vertical support members 530 forming a vertical
support portion extending between the upper and lower ends 511, 515 of the frame 510. As
shown in the vertical support portion of the frame 510 has an interior side 521 and an
exterior side 522.
As shown in the support of the basket frame 510 may be formed from a
plurality of the vertical support members 530 and a plurality of horizontal support members 550.
The embodiment shown in includes four primary support members 531 spaced along a
periphery of the frame 510, along with a plurality of secondary support members 542 spaced
between the primary support members 531. Together, the primary and secondary support
members 531, 542 join the upper and lower ends 511, 515 of the frame 510 in a spaced
arrangement. The horizontal support members 550 may be provided by a plurality of annular
rings or curved sections that are joined end-to-end to form a plurality of annular rings in a spaced
relationship throughout the basket frame 510.
As shown in each of the vertical support members 531 may include an
interior strut portion 532. The interior strut portion 532 may, in turn, include apertures 534
therethrough. The horizontal support members 550 pass through the apertures 534, thus
maintaining the horizontal support members 550 in a stacked and spaced arrangement.
As shown in the top view of the upper end 511 of the frame 510 is provided
with an opening to allow for use in receiving and processing materials within the screen basket 1.
The lower end 515 of the frame 510 is provided with a substantially solid or closed bottom 516
for retaining materials in the screen basket 1 during processing. The substantially closed bottom
516 may be provided with a centralized aperture 517 for use in operational arrangements with
shafts of processing machines, as discussed in more detail below.
Embodiments of the disclosure may include a high open-area polyurethane screen
600 attached to a periphery of the frame 510, thereby forming a screen basket 1 having an open
top, a substantially solid or closed bottom 516, and a polyurethane screen sidewall 601.
Polyurethane screen 600 may be provided in the form of separate, smaller screen
members 10, due to potential size constraints in the molding process of the polyurethane screen
600. For example, as in the embodiment shown in polyurethane screen 600 may feature
a plurality of separate screen members 10. Each screen member 10 is attached to the vertical
support of the frame 510.
FIGS. 4 to 6 show features of an example embodiment of a screen member 10
configured for use in forming the polyurethane screen sidewall 601 of a screen basket 1. FIGS.
4 to 5 show the exterior and interior sides of an embodiment of the screen member 10,
respectively, while shows a side view of an embodiment of the screen member 10. The
screen member 10 may comprise polyurethane screens described in more detail in the following
patents and patent publications, which share a common assignee with the present disclosure and
are incorporated by reference herein: U.S. Patent No. 8,584,866; U.S. Patent No. 9,010,539; U.S.
Patent No. 9,375,756; U.S. Patent No. 9,403,192; U.S. Patent Application Publication No.
2015/0197827A1; and U.S. Patent Application Publication No. 2016/0303611A1.
As shown in FIGS. 4 to 7, an embodiment of the present disclosure may provide for a
screen member 10 with a body 12 of molded polyurethane having unperforated side edge
portions 14, 16. Side edge portions 14, 16 may each have an integral side ridge portion 29 for
use in sealing adjacent screen members 10 to one another and for securing screen members 10 to
the basket frame 510, as shown in Each side edge portion 14, 16 may include a cast-in
structural member for use in reinforcing the side ridge portion 29. Side edge portions 14, 16 may
also be formed without cast-in structural members or may include other structural members.
Side ridge portions 29 may be in any suitable shape for attachment to a basket frame 510. In an
exemplary embodiment, side ridge portions 29 may include a formed member, e.g., a metal
member that is bent to a desired shape, e.g., a U-shape member, an L-shape member, a C-shape
member, or the like. The formed member may be attached to the polyurethane body by heating,
pressing, mechanical, chemical, molding, and/or any other suitable method or arrangement.
Body 12 of screen member 10 also includes a lower edge portion 18 and an upper
edge portion 20, which, in combination with side edge portions 14, 16, define an outer border of
the screen member 10. In certain embodiments, side ridge portion 29 may extend the entire
length between upper edge portion 20 and lower edge portion 18.
Body 12 further includes an exterior surface 22 and an interior surface 24.
depicts an exterior surface 22 of the body 12 when screen member 10 is affixed to the basket
frame 510, as shown, for example, in and depicts an interior surface 24 of the
body 12 when screen member is affixed to the basket frame 510 as shown, for example, in Body 12 includes first members 101 and second members 102 forming screen openings 26, as
shown in detail in and . First members 101 and second members 102 may, in
some embodiments, be configured to include reinforcement members 50, as discussed in more
detail below. As shown in the side view of screen element 10 may further include
vertical ribs 28 on the exterior surface 22 of screen element 10. Screen element 10 may,
however, not include vertical ribs 28 in certain embodiments of the present disclosure.
Body 12 may further include third members 203 and fourth members 204. Third
members 203 and fourth members 204, and vertical ribs 28 if present, may also include
reinforcement members 50, discussed in more detail below. Third members 203, fourth
members 204, and vertical ribs 28 may, however, not include reinforcement members 50 in
certain embodiments of the present disclosure. Third members 203 and fourth members 204 are
generally configured to provide support to the screen openings 26 formed by first and second
members 101, 102.
shows a portion of an embodiment of screen element 10, with
depicting an enlarged view of a portion of As shown in the detail view of , first
and second members 101, 102 form a first integrally molded grid structure 100 that defines
screen openings 26. Third and fourth members 203, 204 may form a second integrally molded
grid structure 200, and fifth and sixth members 305 and 306, respectively, may in turn form a
third integrally molded grid structure 300.
Reinforcement members 50 may be incorporated into desired members of the screen
element 10. Reinforcement members 50 provide stability to screen element 10 by preventing the
side edges 14, 16 from deforming and/or hour-glassing. In an exemplary embodiment,
reinforcement members 50 may be integrated (such as by molding integrally) with the
appropriate members. Reinforcement members 50 may be made of plastic, metal, polymer, or
any other suitable material with the necessary structural properties. For example, the
reinforcement members 50 may be embodied in rods that are molded integrally with the screen
members. The reinforcement members 50 may also be embodied in aramid fibers that are at
least one of a twisted multistrand and a woven multistrand, such that the fibers act as wicks to
absorb the polyurethane molded around it, thereby providing a strong bond therewith. The
twisted or woven multistrand fibers may have a linear density of about 55 denier to about 2840
denier, and may preferably be approximately 1500 denier. When an aramid fiber is used in
embodiments of the present disclosure, it may be a set of aramid fibers commercial obtainable
under the trademark KEVLAR® of the DuPont Company. Reinforcement members 50 may also
be at least one of the aramid fibers commercially obtainable under the commercial names
TWARON, SULFRON, TEIJINCONEX, and TECHNORA of the Teijin Company. The
flexibility of the aramid fibers provides a flexible reinforcement system for the molded
polyurethane, which is able to return to its original molded shape after the necessary bending and
flexing that occurs during handling and installation. In certain embodiments, reinforcement
members 50 may be tensioned before polyurethane is molded around it.
Referring back to the example embodiment shown in FIGS. 4 to 5, and the detail
view shown in grid structures 200 and 300 include bi-directionally integrally molded
members forming support grids within the members. Due to the properties of the reinforcement
members 50 and the configuration of the bi-directional grid structure, the members may have a
relatively small size and thus provide for increased open screening area. The grid structures
provide screen strength and support for openings 26 during vibratory loading, and significantly
increase open screening area.
As shown in the detail view of , first members 101 may extend transversely
between side edge portions 14, 16, in a manner substantially parallel with each other. Second
members 102 may extend transversely between the lower edge portion 18 and the upper edge
portion 20, in a manner substantially parallel with each other and substantially perpendicular to
first members 101. In certain embodiments, second members 102 may have a thickness greater
than that of the first members 101 to provide additional structural support to screen openings 26.
As referred to above, and as shown in the exploded isometric view of , first
members 101 and/or second members 102 may include reinforcement members 50, and may or
may not be supported by additional support members or support grid structures. For example, as
shown in which depicts a fragmentary cross-sectional view of body 12 of screen member
, body 12 has first and second members 101, 102 with bi-directional reinforcement members
50 molded integrally therewith. Reinforcement members 50 molded integrally therewith first
members 101 have a thickness in the range of about 0.006 inches to about 0.015 inches.
Reinforcement members 50 molded integrally therewith second members 102 (not shown) have
a thickness in the range of about 0.015 inches to about 0.040 inches. Such configurations may be
beneficial for screening applications requiring screens with larger screen openings.
Embodiments of the present disclosure may incorporate reinforcement members 50 in
any one of first, second, third, and fourth members 101, 102, 203, 204, as well as ribs 28, and
may be incorporated into either all or a portion of the first, second, third, and fourth members
101, 102, 203, 204 and rib members 28.
As shown in and detail , screen openings 26 may be elongated, with a
greater length dimension along sides and between ends thereof than the width dimensions.
Screen openings 26 may be approximately 0.044 mm to about 4.0 mm in width, the width being
the dimension between the inner surfaces of adjacent first members 101. Screen openings 26
may be approximately 0.44 mm to about 60 mm in length, the length being the dimension
between the inner surfaces of adjacent second members 102. Screen openings 26 may
additionally have a variety of different shapes. For example, screen openings 26 may have a
rectangular shape, or a square shape, or an ovular shape, or any other shape that may be formed
by the first and second members 101, 102. The overall dimensions of screen element 10 may be
about 1.2 meters by 1.6 meters, or may be of any other desired size. It may be understood that
all dimensions set forth herein are by way of example only, and not of limitation.
Referring briefly to and , screen openings 26 may diverge
downwardly between exterior surface 22 and interior surface 24, with the first members 101
being substantially in the shape of inverted trapezoids. This general trapezoidal shape of first
members 101 prevents blinding in screen element 10 and overall polyurethane screen 600. First
members 101 may include reinforcement members 50 molded integrally therewith, as shown in
, or may optionally not include reinforcement members 50 molded integrally therewith,
as shown in .
As illustrated in the detail view of , third and fourth members 203, 204 may
have a thickness greater than first and second members 101, 102. The increased thickness of
third and fourth members 203, 204 may provide additional structural support to first and second
members 101, 102. As shown in the example embodiment of FIGS. 8 and 8A, third members
203 may extend transversely between the side edge portions 14, 16 in a manner substantially
parallel with each other, and may have multiple first members 101 featured therebetween.
Fourth members 204 may extend transversely between lower edge portion 18 and upper edge
portion 20 in a manner substantially parallel with each other, and may have multiple second
members 102 featured therebetween. Reinforcement members 50 may be molded integrally with
third and fourth members 203, 204. Third and fourth members 203, 204 may be configured to
have a minimal thickness through inclusion of reinforcement members 50, while maintaining the
necessary structural support for screen openings 26 formed by first and second members 101,
102 during vibratory screening applications. The bi-directional support system provided by third
and fourth members 203, 204 and the added support of reinforcement members 50 integrated
therein, where included, greatly reduces the thickness of the support members and provides for
increased open screening area and overall screen efficiencies.
Body 12 may further include a plurality of vertical ribs 28. In the embodiment shown
in FIGS. 4 to 6, a series of nine ribs 28 may be provided. Ribs 28 may have a thickness greater
than that of third and fourth members 203, 204, and may have a portion extending away from the
interior surface 24 of body 12. As shown in ribs 28 may also be provided extending
away from the exterior surface 522 of body 12 and thus providing vertical support along the
exterior screen sidewall 601. The greater thickness and positioning of ribs 28 provides
additional structural support to first and second members 101, 102.
Ribs 28 may extend transversely between the lower edge portion 18 and the upper
edge portion 20 in a manner substantially parallel to each other, and may have multiple fourth
members 204 therebetween. Ribs 28 may, additionally and in the alternative, extend transversely
between the side edge portions 14, 16 in a manner substantially parallel to each other, and may
have multiple third members 203 therebetween. Ribs 28 may have reinforcement members 50
molded integrally therein. Ribs 28 may be provided for additional support to screen openings
26, and may be configured to have a minimal thickness through inclusion of reinforcement
members 50, while providing the necessary structural support to maintain screen openings 26
during vibratory screening applications. Like third and fourth members 203, 204, provision of a
support system of ribs 28 greatly reduces the thickness of the support members and provides for
increased open screening area and overall screen efficiencies.
Various configurations of reinforcement members 50 may be provided in the support
rib members 28 to add stability to screen member 10. Reinforcement members 50 provided in
the support rib members 28 may be an aramid fiber (or individual filaments thereof), a naturally
occurring fiber, or other material having relatively large tensile strength with relatively small
cross-sectional areas.
Each element of screen element 10 able to incorporate such reinforcement members
50 may include zero, one, or multiple reinforcement members 50, and the reinforcement
members 50 used therein may be of different sizes and materials. Reinforcement members 50
may be located in the bottom halves of the members so as not to be exposed relatively early
during the life of the screen element 10, as the upper surface of the screen may wear.
The inclusion of the reinforcement members 50, as well as the support framework of
the bi-directional support members, allows the first members 101, as well as second members
102, to be relatively thin, creating larger screen openings. Embodiments as described herein
have relatively large tensile strengths with relatively small cross-sectional areas. The making of
the support members and the thin first members 101 results in the screen member 10 and overall
screen 600 having a greater percentage of open area, which, in turn, increases the capacity of the
system. Open screening areas according to the embodiments described herein may range, for
example, from about 40 percent to about 46 percent of the screen.
According to an embodiment of the present disclosure, a vibratory screen 10 includes
a flexible molded polyurethane body 12 having substantially parallel side edge portions 14, 16 at
opposite ends of body 12, as well as a lower edge portion 18 substantially perpendicular to the
side edge portions 14, 16, and an upper edge portion 20 substantially perpendicular to the side
edge portions 14, 16 and opposite the lower edge portion 18. Polyurethane body 12 further
includes an exterior surface 22 and interior surface 24. First and second members 101, 102 are
provided, forming screening openings 26. The first members 101 extend between the side edge
portions 14, 16, and the second members 102 extend between the lower and upper edge portions
18, 20. The body 12 may also include third and fourth members 203, 204, with the third and
fourth members 203, 204 having a thickness greater than that of first and second members 101,
102. Third members 203 run substantially parallel to each other and extend transversely between
the side edge portions 14, 16, and have multiple first members 101 featured therebetween.
Fourth members 204 run substantially parallel to each other and extend transversely between
lower and upper edge portions 18, 20, and have multiple second members 102 featured
therebetween. Reinforcement members 50 may be molded integrally with the third and/or fourth
members 203, 204, and additionally reinforcement members or rods may be molded integrally
with fourth members 204. Body 12 also includes ribs 28. Ribs 28 may be substantially parallel
to each other and extend transversely between the side edge portions 14, 16. Ribs 28 may also
be substantially parallel to each other and extend transversely between the lower and upper edge
portions 18, 20. Ribs 28 have a thickness greater than the third and fourth members 203, 204,
and may include reinforcement members 50 molded integrally therewith. Body 12 may
additionally feature fifth and sixth members 305, 306. Fifth members 305 run substantially
parallel to each other and extend transversely between the side edge portions 14, 16, and have
multiple third members 203 featured therebetween. Sixth members 306 run substantially parallel
to each other and extend transversely between lower and upper edge portions 18, 20, and have
multiple fourth members 204 featured therebetween. Reinforcement members 50 may be
molded integrally with the fifth and/or sixth members 305, 306, and additionally reinforcement
members or rods may be molded integrally with sixth members 306.
Screen members according to this embodiment may have open screening areas
greater than 40 percent, and mesh sizes ranging from approximately 0.375 mesh to
approximately 400 mesh. By way of example, screens tested having the aforementioned
configurations included a 43 mesh size screen, a 140 mesh size screen, and a 210 mesh size
screen. Each of these screens had open screening areas ranging from approximately 40 percent
to approximately 46 percent. Such large screening areas for such relatively fine mesh sizes are
achieved through the relatively strong and thin grid framework created by the third, fourth, fifth,
and sixth members 203, 204, 305, 306, and by reinforcement members molded integrally
therewith.
In the aforementioned embodiments and examples, the size of each grid unit formed
by the intersection of the third and fourth members 203, 204 is approximately 1 inch by 1 inch.
Generally, grid units may be larger for screens with larger screen openings and grid units may be
smaller for screens with smaller screen openings. This principle may be generally applicable for
each example embodiment discussed herein. Grid units may also have a generally rectangular
shape, or may have any other suitable shape for supporting the screen openings.
The use of polyurethane screen members 10 as described herein to form a screen
sidewall 601 on a basket frame has significant advantages over conventional wedge wire screens.
Polyurethane screen members 10 as described herein resist wear, abrasion, bending, and
chemicals better than metal, and thus tend to last longer than wedge wire frames in CIL
processes. Polyurethane also allows for the formation of significantly smaller screen openings
than those of conventional wedge wire frames, which in turn improves screening efficiency. Use
of the polyurethane screen members 10 as described herein provides for significantly larger
screening areas, and significantly reduces blinding as compared to conventional wedge wire
screen baskets.
In operation, the screen basket 1 described herein may be used with known CIP and
CIL devices and processes, such as those described in U.S. Patent No. 5,238,117. For example,
as shown in FIGS. 13 to 14, the screen basket 1 is attached below a volute portion of an NKM
vertically swept interstage apparatus. A drive shaft of the NKM apparatus passes from the top to
the bottom of the screen basket 1, and through the centralized opening in the closed bottom of
the screen basket 1. A gearbox and motor is positioned above the volute to power the drive
shaft. A launder interface is situated above the polyurethane screen and volute interface to
receive flow of pulp discharge.
With the screen basket 1 attached to the NKM apparatus, the lower portion of the
NKM device, including the screen basket 1, is inserted into and suspended over a large
adsorption tank containing slurry of pulp to be processed. The level of the pulp in the tank is
higher than the level of the fluid in the screen basket 1. This arrangement causes the pulp to
naturally flow through the screen of the screen basket 1 in an effort to equalize the fluid levels in
the pulp tank and the screen basket 1. Blades on the outside of the NKM unit rotate within the
tank around an outer periphery of the screen sidewall of the screen basket 1. The outside blades
also assist in preventing particles from clogging the exterior side of the polyurethane screen,
such as by carbon and pulp. The pulse and sweeping action reduces the possibility of carbon and
near size material blinding the screen openings. Impeller blades located on the inside of the
screen, such as on the drive shaft, serve to keep particles in suspension and drive pulp upward
toward the volute and launder.
During the process, pulp flows upward through the inside of the screen basket 1.
Carbon is retained in the screen. The pulp exists via the launder interface situated above the
polyurethane screen and volute interface.
In these processes, it can be seen that the continuous rotation of interior and exterior
blades in the vicinity of the polyurethane screen, together with the flow of large volumes of pulp
through the openings of the polyurethane screen, subjects the screen to substantial wear and tear.
The polyurethane screens and the arrangement of the screen basket described herein are designed
to withstand significant wear and tear and to substantially outperform existing wire screen
baskets in CIP and CIL processes.
Although the screen basket 1 has been described for use in a CIP or CIL process, the
relatively small openings and relatively large screening area of the polyurethane screen members
described herein allow the screen basket 1 to be used for other purposes, such as water
filtration and desalination.
illustrates a perspective view of an example of a basket cage 1500 in
accordance with an additional embodiment of the disclosure. The basket cage 1500 includes a
grid frame 1510 that is tubular (or has substantially cylindrical symmetry) with respect to a
longitudinal axis and has multiple openings 1513. As such, the grid frame 1510 has a height and
a diameter. As an illustration, the height can have a magnitude in a range from about 23 in
(about 58 cm) to about 122 in (about 310 cm). As another illustration, the diameter can have a
magnitude in a range from about 10 in (about 25.4 cm) to about 73 in (about 185.4 cm). In an
example embodiment, the height has a magnitude of about 80 in (about 203.2 cm) and the
diameter has a magnitude of about 50 in (about 127 cm). It is noted that the disclosure is not
limited to such illustrative magnitudes of height and/or diameter, and other sizes of the grid
frame 1510 can be contemplated. Additionally, the grid frame 1510 is not limited to a tubular or
cylindrical symmetry, but can be shaped in any configuration suitable for screening, and
particularly for carbon retention screening as discussed herein. Grid frame 1510 may also be
formed from any material providing sufficient structure for the screening process and sufficient
support for the screening cartridges that will be attached to the grid frame 1510. For example,
grid frame 1510 may be formed of a metal or metallic alloy, such as stainless steel, or may be a
thermoplastic material sufficient to support the screening cartridges. In embodiments featuring a
thermoplastic grid frame 1510, the grid frame 1510 may comprise a single injection-molded
piece. In other embodiments, the grid frame 1510 may be formed of separable pieces connected
together to form the grid frame 1510.
In certain embodiments, the grid frame 1510 can be formed in the desired shape by
bending a perforated sheet onto itself, around the longitudinal axis, and joining opposing edges
of the perforated sheet. The joined opposing edges can form a longitudinal seam 1515. In some
embodiments, the perforated sheet can be formed from a metal or metallic alloy (e.g., stainless
steel), and the opposing edges can be joined by welding. In other embodiments, the perforated
sheet can be formed from a rigid plastic, and the opposing edges can be joined by laser welding
and/or gluing with a suitable adhesive. The multiple openings 1513 in the grid frame 1510 can
be arranged in a square lattice, and each one (or, in some embodiments, at least some) of the
multiple openings 1513 can have a square shape. Multiple openings 1513 may have shapes other
than a square shape, such as a rectangular shape, an ovular shape, a circular shape, and so forth.
Moreover, multiple openings 1513 are not required to have a consistent shape throughout the
grid frame 1510. For example, some embodiments may feature alternating rectangular openings
of varying sizes to form the overall grid frame 1510. In an example embodiment, the multiple
openings 1513 can include 264 square openings. A subset of the multiple openings can be
defined by longitudinal members 1511 and transversal members 1512. Openings in such a
subset may be referred to as inner openings. A second subset of the multiple openings can be
defined by longitudinal members 1511 and transversal segments of a first annular section 1512a
of the grid frame 1510. Similarly, a third subset of the multiple openings can be defined by
longitudinal members 1511 and transversal segments of a second annular section 1512b of the
grid frame 1510. The second subset and the third subset of openings can be referred to as outer
openings.
The first annular section 1512a and the second annular section 1512b can embody or
otherwise can constitute respective opposing end portions of the grid frame 1510, along the
longitudinal axis. A flange 1520 can be affixed or otherwise attached to an end of the first
annular section 1512a. The flange 1520 can include multiple first openings 1525. The flange
1520 and first openings 1525 can permit or otherwise facilitate mounting a plate or another type
of cover on the flange 1520. In addition or in other embodiments, the flange 1520 and first
openings 1525 can permit or otherwise facilitate mounting the basket cage 1500 into a screen
separator machine (e.g., an NKM vertically swept interstage apparatus, as shown in and
). In addition, a second flange 1530 can be affixed or otherwise attached to the second
annular section 1512b. The second flange 1530 can include multiple second openings 1535.
The flange 1530 and second openings 1535 can permit or otherwise facilitate mounting the
basket cage 1500 into a screen separator machine (e.g., an NKM vertically swept interstage
apparatus, as shown in and ), and/or affixing an exterior wiper assembly of the
screen separator machine (not shown).
As is illustrated in , the basket cage 1500 can also include an opening in a
vicinity of the second end of the grid frame 1510, near the second flange 1530. A pipe member
1540 can be assembled on the vicinity of the opening. The opening and the pipe member 1540
can form an outlet that can permit or otherwise facilitate the egress of a slurry from the interior
of the basket cage 1500 when it needs to be drained upon removal.
Similar to other screen baskets of this disclosure, the basket cage 1500 in combination
with screening elements can be utilized in a separation process to separate specific particulate
matter from slurry or another type of fluid source. To that end, in one embodiment, screening
cartridge assemblies can be mounted to the basket cage 1500, where the screening cartridge
assemblies can permit or otherwise facilitate the separation of specific particulate matter from
the slurry. Specifically, as an illustration, A presents a perspective view of an example
of a screen basket 1600 that includes multiple screening cartridge assemblies 1610 in accordance
with one or more embodiments of the disclosure. The multiple screening cartridge assemblies
include a first screening cartridge assembly 1610a, a second screening cartridge assembly 1610b,
and a third screening cartridge assembly 1610c. Each one of the screening cartridge assemblies
1610a, 1610b, 1610c can be mounted or otherwise affixed to a respective group of grid members
that define, at least in part, a respective opening of the grid frame 1510. Screening cartridge
assemblies 1610 may be removable, such that screening cartridge assemblies may be mounted to
basket cage 1500 and subsequently removed easily from basket cage 1500 for maintenance or
repair, or may be permanently affixed to basket cage 1500. For openings in a row about the
longitudinal axis of the grid frame 1510, a group of grid members that support a first one of the
screening cartridge assembles 1610a and 1610b can have a common grid member with another
group of grid members that support a second one of the screening cartridge assemblies 1610a
and 1610b. More specifically, in one example, the first screening cartridge assembly 1610a can
grip or otherwise attach to a first longitudinal member and a second longitudinal member of the
grid frame 1510. In addition, the second screening unit 1610b can grip or otherwise attach to the
second longitudinal member and a third longitudinal member.
In some embodiments, each one of the multiple screening cartridge assemblies
mounted or affixed to the grid frame 1510 includes a screening assembly and a case (or another
type of container) configured to receive and hold the screen assembly. In some embodiments,
the case can be embodied in a single injection molded piece integrally formed by means of
injection molding a polyurethane, a thermoset polymer, or other types of polymers. Example
embodiments of the injection molded piece and the process of forming the injection molded
piece are discussed in more detail in the disclosures of U.S. Patent Application No. 13/800,826,
U.S. Patent No. 9,409,209, U.S. Patent No. 9,884,344, U.S. Patent Application No. 15/851,009,
U.S. Patent Application No. 15/965,195, and the cross-references included therein, which are
hereby incorporated by reference herein in their entireties. The case and screening assembly
held therein may be of any shape and structure suitable for mounting to the grid frame. In some
embodiments, the case and screening assembly may be substantially rectangular. In other
embodiments, the case and screening assembly may have a square shape, or may be of an ovular
shape, or may have a triangular shape, or so forth.
As is illustrated in B, screening cartridge assembly 1610a includes a case
1630a and a screen assembly having three screen units 1640a. It is noted that the disclosure is
not limited to three screen units and, in some embodiments, less or additional screen units can be
implemented. For a defined size of a screen unit, a larger number of screen units results in a case
1630a with larger dimensions, thus resulting in a larger screening cartridge assembly. Larger
screening cartridge assemblies may be utilized in grid frames having larger grid openings.
The case 1630a includes a first opening configured to receive and/or fit the screen
assembly within the case 1630a. The case 1630a also includes a second opening that permits
exposing a screening surface of the screen assembly to an exterior of the grid frame 1510. The
screening surface can be embodied in or can include, for example, a substantially seamless and
planar surface including multiple screening openings having, for example, a substantially
uniform size and/or substantially uniform shape. The multiple screening openings can have
rectangular shape, square shape, circular shape, a combination thereof, or the like. In addition,
as is illustrated in C, the case 1630 also includes ridges 1650a that extend from a first
edge of the case 1630a, near the first opening, to an opposing second edge of the case 1630a.
The ridges 1650a and respective portions of the case 1630a form respective recesses that permit
or otherwise facilitate mounting (e.g., gripping or clipping) the case 1630a to the grid frame
1510. Case 1630a may be permanently mounted to the grid frame 1510 by use of the ridges
1650a and respective portions of the case 1630a, or may be removably mounted to the grid
frame 1510, such that the case 1630a may be removed as required for maintenance or repair.
Similarly, screening cartridge assembly 1610b includes a case 1630b and a screen
assembly having three screen units 1640b. As mentioned, the disclosure is not limited to three
screen units and, in some embodiments, less or additional screen units can be implemented. The
case 1630b also includes a first opening configured to receive and/or fit the screen assembly
within the case 1630b. The case 1630b also includes a second opening that permits exposing a
screening surface of the screen assembly to an exterior of the grid frame 1510. The screening
surface can be embodied in or can include, for example, a substantially seamless and planar
surface including multiple screening openings having, for example, a substantially uniform size
and/or substantially uniform shape. In addition, as is illustrated in C, the case 1630b
further includes ridges 1650b that extend from a first edge of the case 1630b, near the first
openings, to an opposing second edge of the case 1630b. The ridges 1650b and respective
portions of the case 1630b can form respective recesses that permit or otherwise facilitate
mounting (e.g., gripping or clipping) the case 1630b to the grid frame 1510. In regards to the
screen assembly contained in the case 1630b, as is further illustrated in C and ,
each one of the screen units 1640b includes a framework unit having one or more screen
elements affixed to a surface of the framework unit, and the screen units 1640b can be
mechanically joined or otherwise secured together to form the screen assembly. To that end,
each one of the screen units 1640, such as is illustrated with reference to 1640b, can include one
or more fasteners that can permit or otherwise facilitate fastening a first one of the screen units
(e.g., screen unit 1640a) to a second one of the screen units (e.g., 1640b). Regardless of the
mechanism for adjoining the screen units 1640b, the respective screen elements of the screen
units 1640 can form the screening surface that can be exposed to slurry in the exterior of the grid
frame 1510.
In some embodiments, each one (or, in other embodiments, at least one) of the screen
elements can be embodied in a single injection molded piece integrally formed by means of
injection molding of a thermoplastic material. Example thermoplastic materials and the
processes of creating the example thermoplastic materials used as the screen elements in the
present disclosure are discussed in detail in the disclosures of U.S. Patent Application No.
13/800,826, U.S. Patent No. 9,409,209, U.S. Patent No. 9,884,344, U.S. Patent Application No.
/851,009, U.S. Patent Application No. 15/965,195, and the cross-references included therein,
which are incorporated by reference herein in their entireties.
Screening cartridge assembly 1610c, like screening cartridge assemblies 1610a,
1610b, also includes a case 1630c and screen assembly having three screen units (not depicted in
B). As mentioned, the disclosure is not limited to three screen units and, in some
embodiments, less or additional screen units can be implemented. The case 1630c also includes a
first opening configured to receive and/or fit the screen assembly within the case 1630c. The
case 1630c also includes a second opening that permits or otherwise facilitates exposing a
screening surface of the screen assembly to an exterior of the grid frame 1510. The screening
surface can be embodied in or can include, for example, a substantially seamless and planar
surface including multiple screening openings having, for example, a substantially uniform size
and/or substantially uniform shape. In addition, as is illustrated in C, the case 1630c
further includes ridges 1650c that extend from a first edge of the case 1630c, near the first
opening, to an opposing second edge of the case 1630c. The ridges 1650c and respective
portions of the case 1630c form respective recesses that permit or otherwise facilitate mounting
(e.g., gripping or clipping) the case 1630c to the grid frame 1510. illustrates the
mechanical coupling of the screening cartridge assembly 1610a and the screening cartridge
assembly 1610b to transversal grid members of the grid frame 1510. As mentioned, ridges
1650a permit or otherwise facilitate mounting the screening cartridge assembly 1610a to the grid
frame 1510. Likewise, ridges 1650b permit or otherwise facilitate mounting the screening
cartridge assembly 1610b to the grid frame 1510.
The screening cartridge assembly 1610a and the screening cartridge assembly 1610b
include respective screen assemblies. The screen assembly contained in the cartridge assembly
1610a includes three screen units 1640a in accordance with embodiments described herein. The
other screen assembly contained in the cartridge assembly 1610b also includes three screen units
in accordance with embodiments described herein. As mentioned, the disclosure is not limited to
screen assemblies having three screen units and, in some embodiments, less or additional screen
units can be implemented. Screen assemblies having different number of screen units also can
be implemented.
In connection with the screen assembly contained in the case 1630c, as is further
illustrated in C, each one of the screen units that constitutes the screen assembly includes
a framework unit having a screen element affixed to a surface of the framework unit. The screen
units can be mechanically joined or otherwise secured together to form the screen assembly. To
that end, in an embodiment, each one of the screen units can include one or more fasteners that
can permit or otherwise facilitate fastening a first one of the screen units to a second one of the
screen units. Regardless of the mechanism for adjoining the screen units, the respective screen
elements of the screen units 1640 can form the screening surface that can be exposed to the
exterior of the grid frame 1510.
It is noted that while three screening cartridge assemblies are illustrated in FIGS. 16A
to 16C and , the entirety or substantially the entirety of the grid frame 1510 of the screen
basket 1600 can be covered for operation in a separation process. As such, in an example
embodiment, 264 screening cartridge assemblies can be mounted to the respective 264 square
openings 1513 in an embodiment of grid frame 1510.
A illustrates a perspective view of an example of a screening cartridge
assembly 1800, in accordance with one or more embodiments of the present disclosure. The
exemplified screening cartridge assembly 1800 includes a case 1810 and a screen assembly
having three screen units 1830. As mentioned, the disclosure is not limited to three screen units
and, in some embodiments, less or additional screen units can be implemented. The case 1810
has a generally arcuate shape, and includes a first opening configured to receive and/or fit the
screen assembly within the case 1810. The case also includes a first ridge 1820a and a second
ridge 1820b. Each one of the ridge 1820a and the ridge 1820b extends from a vicinity of a first,
top edge of the case 1810 to a vicinity of an opposing second, bottom edge of the case 1810. In
use, the arcuate shape of case 1810 allow for a substantially consistent distance between the
external propulsion blades of the screening apparatus and the screening cartridge assembly,
thereby reducing clogging and elongating the life of the screen elements.
Similar to other screening cartridge assemblies of this disclosure, as is illustrated in
the top cross-sectional view 1850 of screening cartridge assembly 1800 shown in B, each
one of the screen units 1830 can include two end framework units 1855 and a single medial
framework unit 1857, each of the two end framework units 1855 and the single medial
framework unit 1857 having a screen element 1860 affixed to a respective surface of the
framework units.
The screen units 1830 can be mechanically joined or otherwise secured together to
form the screen assembly. To that end, in an embodiment, each one of the screen units 1830 can
include one or more fasteners that can permit or otherwise facilitate fastening a first one of the
screen units 1830 to a second one of the screen units 1830. Regardless of the mechanism for
adjoining the screen units, the respective screen elements of the screen units 1830 can form a
screening surface of the screening cartridge assembly 1800. The case 1810 also includes an
opening that permits exposing at least a portion of the screening surface, as is shown in the side
view 1890 of screening cartridge assembly 1800 in B.
As is illustrated in the cross-sectional views 1850 and 1870 shown in B, the
case 1810 can include an attachment frame section 1852 and a holder frame section 1854. The
attachment frame section 1852 and the holder frame section 1854 are also illustrated in the
perspective view of the case 1810 shown in A. The holder frame section 1854 can
receive and/or hold the screen assembly formed by screen units 1830. To that end, in some
embodiments, the holder frame section 1854 includes an opening 1910, and internal sidewalls
including sidewall 1920, sidewall 1930, and sidewall 1940. Other internal sidewalls are not
visible in the perspective view of A. For instance, as is shown in the cross-sectional
view 1950 of case 1810 shown in B, a sidewall 1960 opposite the sidewall 1920 and a
sidewall 1980 opposite the sidewall 1930 also are included in the internal sidewalls of the holder
frame section 1854. The sidewall 1920, in connection with sidewalls 1930 and 1980, can define
a first opening, and the opposing sidewall 1960, in connection with sidewalls 1930 and 1980, can
define a second opening. The second opening can have a cross-sectional area greater than the
cross-sectional area of the first opening in order to mitigate undesired reduction of screening
area. The smaller cross-section can provide greater mechanical stability for a screen assembly
arranged within the case 1810. The first opening and the second opening can permit the flow of
particulate matter from the exterior to the interior of a screening cartridge assembly including the
case 1810. The particulate matter can be screened or otherwise separated by such a screen
assembly. Specifically, the particulate matter can be separated from slurry external to a screen
basket apparatus having a screening cartridge assembly including the screen assembly, and can
flow to an internal region of the screen basket apparatus as intended or required for the screening
application (e.g., CIL process, CIP process, ore treatment, water desalinization, or the like).
As is further illustrated in cross-sectional views 1870 and 1970 in B and B, respectively, the holder frame section 1854 can include a ridge 1872 near the opening
configured to receive a screen assembly, and a ridge 1874 near a base of the case 1810.
In addition, with further reference to A, the attachment frame section 1852
includes internal sidewalls, including sidewall 1946 and sidewall 1948, as well as other sidewalls
respectively opposite thereto. One of such opposing sidewalls can be gleaned in the side view
1990 in B. Specifically, sidewall 1992 is opposite sidewall 1946. The attachment frame
section 1852 also includes the ridge 1820a and the ridge 1820b. In one embodiment, the ridge
1820a and the ridge 1820b and respective portions of the attachment frame section 1852 form
respective recesses 1856. Such recesses, as mentioned, can permit or otherwise facilitate
mounting (e.g., clipping, clutching, or otherwise engaging) the screening cartridge assembly
1800 to a grid frame of this disclosure, such as grid frame 1510 disclosed hereinbefore. As an
illustration, C presents four cases 1810 mounted adjacent to each one another on a grid
frame 1510. Respective four screen assemblies can be inserted or otherwise fitted into the four
cases 1810 in order to form four screening cartridges and assemble a screen basket for numerous
separation processes, such as CIL process, CIP process, water filtration and desalinization, and
the like.
A illustrates an example of a screen assembly 2000 in accordance with one or
more embodiments of the disclosure. The exemplified screen assembly 2000 can be arranged or
otherwise fitted within a case 1810 or any other case described herein in order to form a
screening cartridge assembly in accordance with this disclosure. Consistent with other screen
assemblies disclosed herein, the screen assembly 2000 includes three framework units, which
may include two end framework units 1855 and a single medial framework unit 1857, each of
the end framework units 1855 and medial framework unit 1857 including screen elements 1860
affixed thereto. The disclosure is not limited to three framework units 1855, 1857 and/or a
specific number of screen elements 1860 per framework unit 1855, 1857. In some embodiments,
two screen elements 1860 may be affixed thereto to each of three framework units 1855, 1857.
In some embodiments, less or additional framework units 1855, 1857 and/or screen elements
1860 can be implemented. Each one (or, in some embodiments, at least one) of the framework
units 1855, 1857 can be embodied in a single injection molded piece integrally formed by means
of injection molding of a polymer. The framework units 1855, 1857 can be mechanically joined
or otherwise secured together to form the screen assembly 2000. To that end, in an embodiment,
each one of the framework units 1855, 1857 can include one or more fasteners that can permit or
otherwise facilitate fastening a first one of the framework units 1855, 1857 to a second one of the
framework units 1855, 1857. Regardless of the mechanism that is utilized or otherwise relied
upon to join framework units, the joined framework units 1855, 1857 form a first segmented
edge member and an opposing second segmented edge member (not visible in A). The
joined framework units 1855, 1857 also includes a first monolithic edge member and a second
monolithic edge member (not visible in A) corresponding, respectively, to edge
members of the outer framework units 1855, 1857.
Screen elements 1860 affixed to each one of the framework units 1855, 1857 can
form a screening surface of the screen assembly 2000 and a screening cartridge assembly that
includes the screen assembly 2000. The screening surface can be essentially seamless, as is
illustrated in cross-sectional views 2050 and 2070 of screen assembly 2000 in B. In
some embodiments, as is illustrated in the side view 2090 of screen assembly 2000 in B,
each one (or, in other embodiments, at least one) of the screen elements 1860 can include four
adjacent sections having respective groups of screening openings. Such sections may be
separated by support members (represented with dashed lines in the plan view 2090). The
disclosure is not limited to screen elements having four sections and, in some embodiments, less
or additional sections having screening openings can be implemented.
A illustrates a perspective view of medial framework unit 1857 in accordance
with one or more embodiments of the disclosure. The medial framework unit 1857 is elongated,
and includes longitudinal side members 2138 opposite and substantially parallel to one another.
The medial framework unit 1857 also includes transversal side members 2136 opposite and
substantially parallel to one another. Each one of the transversal side member 2136 is
substantially perpendicular to the longitudinal side members 2138. As mentioned, the medial
framework unit 1857 can include fastening mechanisms that permit or otherwise facilitate
mechanically joining or otherwise securing together the medial framework unit 1857 and another
framework unit (either an end framework unit 1855 or a medial framework unit 1857).
Specifically, in some embodiments, the fastening mechanisms can be assembled or otherwise
formed on respective portions of the longitudinal side members 2138, with the transversal side
members 2136 free from fastening mechanisms. As is illustrated in A, in at least one of
such embodiments, the fastening mechanisms can be embodied in or can include clips 2142 and
clip apertures 2140. The medial framework unit 1857 and another framework unit (e.g., end
framework unit 1855) also having clips 2142 and clip apertures 2140 can be mechanically joined
or otherwise secured together along their respective longitudinal side members 2138. To that
end, in one embodiment, a clip 2142 of the medial framework unit 1857 can be passed into a clip
aperture 2140 of the other framework unit until extended members of the clip 2142 extend
beyond the clip aperture 2140 and a longitudinal side member of the other framework unit. As
the clip 2142 is pushed into the clip aperture 2140, extended members of the clip 2142 can be
forced together until a clipping portion of each extended member is beyond the longitudinal side
member of the other framework unit, allowing the clipping portions to engage an interior portion
of the longitudinal side member of the other framework unit. When the clipping portions are
engaged into the clip aperture 2140, longitudinal side members of two independent framework
units can be side by side and secured together (e.g., mechanically joined). The framework units
can be separated by applying a force to the extended members of the clips such that the extended
members are moved towards each other allowing for the clipping portions to pass out of the clip
aperture 2140. Although the fasteners described herein and shown in drawings are clips and clip
apertures, the disclosure is not limited in that respect and alternative fasteners and alternative
forms of clips and/or apertures can be used, including other mechanical arrangements, adhesives,
etc.
The medial framework unit 1857 also includes longitudinal support members 2146
and transversal support members 2148. Each one of the longitudinal support members 2146 is
substantially parallel to longitudinal side members 2138 and is substantially perpendicular to the
transversal side members 2136. Each one of the transversal support member 2148 is
substantially parallel to transversal side members 2136 and is substantially perpendicular to the
longitudinal support members 2146. The longitudinal support members 2146 and transversal
support members 2148 define, at least in part, multiple grid openings within the medial
framework unit 1857. In addition, the longitudinal support members 2146 and the transversal
support members 2148 can provide mechanical stability to a screen element that is affixed to the
medial framework unit 1857.
The medial framework unit 1857 also can include second transversal support
members 2145 substantially perpendicular to the longitudinal side members 2138. As is
illustrated in FIGS. 21A and the side view 2170 in B, the second transversal support
members 2145 can be distributed across the grid openings in the medial framework unit 1857.
The second transversal support members 2145 can provide further mechanical stability to the
screen element that is affixed to the medial framework unit 1857.
In order to permit or otherwise facilitate affixing one or more screen elements to the
medial framework unit 1857, attachment members 2144 and several adhesion arrangements are
included in the medial framework unit 1857. As is illustrated in side view 2190 of medial
framework unit 1857 shown in B, a first adhesion arrangement includes multiple fusion
bars 2172 assembled (e.g., formed) on surfaces of the longitudinal side members 2138. As is
shown in the top view 2150 of medial framework unit 1857 of B, a second adhesion
arrangement includes multiple fusion bars 2152 assembled (e.g., formed) on surfaces of the
transversal side members 2136 and transversal support members 2148. As is shown in the side
view 2170 of medial framework unit 1857 of B, a third adhesion arrangement includes
multiple fusion bars 2176. In some embodiments, fusion bars 2176 can have a height that is less
than a height of the fusion bars 2172, and also less than a height of the fusion bars 2152.
In some embodiments, the attachment members 2144 can permit or otherwise
facilitate aligning a screen element for laser welding to the medial framework unit 1857 or
another type of framework unit disclosed herein. The attachment members 2144 and/or the
various fusion bars can be melted during laser welding.
End framework units 1855 can have similar structure to that of a medial framework
unit 1857. Fastening mechanisms in an end framework unit 1855 can be included in a single
longitudinal side member of the framework unit 1855.
In some embodiments, a screen element can be embodied in or can include the screen
element 1860 as is illustrated in A. The screen element 1860 includes first side portions
2220 and second side portions 2222 that form a seamless periphery. The first side portions 2220
are substantially parallel to one another, and each one of the first side portions 2220 is
substantially perpendicular to the second side portions 2222. Similarly, the second side portions
2222 are substantially parallel to one another, and each one of the second side portions 2222 is
substantially perpendicular to the first side portions 2220. Each one of the side portions 2220 is
configured to rest on and be affixed to transversal side members (e.g., members 2136) of a
framework unit 1855, 1857 (e.g., medial framework unit 1857) in accordance with embodiments
of this disclosure. As such, each one of the side portions 2220 can include cavities configured to
receive or otherwise engage fusion bars on a surface of the transversal side members. Similarly,
side portions 2222 are configured to rest on longitudinal side members of a framework unit 1855,
1857 (e.g., framework unit 1857) in accordance with this disclosure. Thus, each one of the side
portions 2222 includes cavities configured to receive or otherwise engage fusion bars on a
respective surface of the longitudinal side members.
The screen element 1860 also includes several support members. More specifically,
the screen element 1860 includes support members 2230 and support members 2238. Support
members 2230 are substantially collinear and substantially perpendicular to support members
2238. Support members 2238 also are substantially collinear. The screen element 1860 also
includes supports members 2240 that extend from a first one of the side portions 2222 to a
second one of the second side portions 2222. Each one of the support members 2230, 2238, and
2240 are configured to rest on or be affixed to respective support members of a framework unit
1855, 1857, such as medial framework unit 1857. Thus, each one of the support members 2230,
2238, and 2240 includes cavities configured to receive or otherwise engage fusion bars on a
respective surface of support members of the framework unit.
The screen element 1860 further includes attachment apertures 2224. One of the
attachment apertures 2224 is positioned essentially at the center of the screen element 1860.
Other attachment apertures 2224 are positioned at respective corners of the seamless periphery of
the screen element 1860. Regardless of position in the screen element 1860, each one (or, in
some embodiments, at least one) of the attachment apertures 2224 is configured to permit or
otherwise facilitate passage of an elongated attachment member 2144 (e.g., A) can pass
through the attachment aperture 2224. In one or more of such embodiments, the attachment
apertures 2224 may include a tapered bore that may be filled when a portion of the elongated
attachment member 2144 above a screening surface of the screen element 1860 is melted,
fastening screen element 1860 to the medial framework unit 1857 or to another type of
framework unit disclosed herein. In other embodiments, the attachment apertures 2224 can be
configured without a tapered bore, permitting formation of a bead on a screening surface 2013 of
the screen element 1860 when a portion of an elongated attachment member 2144 above such a
screening surface is melted, fastening the screen element 1860 to the medial framework unit
1857 or to another type of framework unit disclosed herein. The screen element 1860 can cover
a half portion of the medial framework unit 1857 (or another type of framework unit disclosed
herein), and each one of the four sections included in the screen element 1860 can respectively
cover four grid openings of the medial framework unit 1857.
The screening surface 2213 has multiple screening openings. Each one (or, in some
embodiments, at least some) of the multiple screening opening can be elongated and can have a
defined length and defined width having respective magnitudes based on the screening
application (e.g., CIL process, CIP process, ore treatment, water desalinization, or the like) in
which the screen element 1860 is utilized. In some embodiments, the multiple screening
openings can have a same substantially uniform length having a magnitude in a range from about
300 µm to 4000 µm. In addition, the multiple screening openings can have a same substantially
uniform width having a magnitude in a range from about 35 µm to about 4000 µm. As an
illustration, in some embodiments, the magnitude of width can be approximately equal to one of
43 µm, 74 µm, 90 µm, 104 µm, 125 µm, 150 µm, 180 µm, 500 µm, 700 µm, or 1000 µm (1
mm). In an example embodiment, the multiple screening openings can have a substantially
uniform length having a magnitude of about 500 µm. As is illustrated in A and B (depicting top and side views 2250, 2270, and 2290 of screen element 1860), the multiple
openings can be arranged in sections, with screening openings in a section arranged in a lattice.
Each one of the sections is defined, at least in part, by support members 2230, 2238, and 2240 of
the screen element 1860. In one embodiment, screening openings that are adjacent to a
periphery of the screen element 1860 can be defined by longitudinal bars parallel to first side
portions of the screen element 1860, transversal bars perpendicular to the longitudinal bars, and
segments of edges of side portions of the screen element 1860. In addition, screen openings that
are in the interior portion of a section can be defined by longitudinal bars and transversal bars.
Longitudinal bars define a major side of the elongated openings, and transversal bars define a
minor side of elongated openings.
As is illustrated in FIGS. 23A and 23B, some embodiments may include fastening
mechanisms in framework units (either medial framework units 2357 or end framework units
2355) that can permit or otherwise facilitate assembling a screen assembly 2300 that has certain
curvature. In one of such embodiments, the fastening mechanisms can include clips and clip
apertures such that the screen assembly 2300 that is assembled is curved rather than substantially
planar, as shown in the side views 2350, 2570, and 2390 of curved screen assembly 2300 shown
in B.
and illustrate an alternative embodiment of a cartridge assembly
2400 for use in a screening basket of the disclosure. Cartridge assembly 2400 includes a
detachable case with top case portion 2410 and a separate bottom case portion 2411. Top case
portion 2410 and bottom case portion 2411 each include attachment mechanisms 2440 that may
be detachably engaged with apertures 2445 featured on the top case portion 2410 and bottom
case portion 2411. In use, screen assembly having screen units 2430 may be fitted into a top or
bottom case portion 2410, 2411, and the opposing case portion may then be fitted around the
screen assembly with screening units 2430. Attachment mechanisms 2440 engage the apertures
2445, securing the screen assembly with screening units 2430 securely within the case.
Detachable case with top case portion 2410 and bottom case portion 2411 includes
substantially the same features as case 1810 discussed herein, including an attachment frame
section, holder frame section, and ridges. As shown in the perspective view of bottom case
portion 2411 illustrated in , attachment frame section 2452 includes internal sidewalls
and attachment ridges 2420a and 2420b permit or otherwise facilitate mounting (e.g., clipping,
clutching, or otherwise engaging) the screening cartridge assembly 2410 to a grid frame of this
disclosure, such as grid frame 1510. Holder frame section 2454 can receive and/or hold the
screen assembly formed by screen units, in a manner substantially similar to that of holder frame
section 1854 of case 1800 discussed in more detail herein.
Top case portion 2410 and bottom case portion 2411 may each be formed of a single
injection molded piece integrally formed by means of injection molding a polyurethane, a
thermoset polymer, or other types of polymer. Due to the relative simplicity of separate top case
portion 2410 and bottom case portion 2411, as related to a single case (such as case 1810), the
top case portion 2410 and bottom case portion 2411 may more easily be created by an injection-
molding process. Example embodiments of the injection molded process are discussed in more
detail in the disclosures of U.S. Patent Application No. 13/800,826, U.S. Patent No. 9,409,209,
U.S. Patent No. 9,884,344, U.S. Patent Application No. 15/851,009, U.S. Patent Application No.
/965,195, and the cross-references included therein, which are incorporated by reference
herein in their entireties.
While the embodiments of the present disclosure are described with reference to
various implementations and exploitations, it will be understood that these embodiments are
illustrative and that the scope of the embodiments of the present disclosure is not limited to them.
Many variations, modifications, additions, and improvements are possible. The above
description should therefore not be construed as limiting, but merely as exemplifications of
particular embodiments.
Claims
Claims (44)
1. A screen basket apparatus, comprising: a substantially vertical cylindrical grid frame having a plurality of openings, the grid frame including a plurality of transversal members and a plurality of longitudinal members that define the plurality of openings; a first screening assembly having a first screening surface formed of at least one of polyurethane, a polymer and a thermoplastic located on the outside of the grid frame, the first screening surface having an open screen area of about 40 percent to about 46 percent of the total area of the first screening surface and including openings having sizes in a range from approximately 35 microns to approximately 4000 microns; and a second screening assembly having a second screening surface formed of at least one of polyurethane, a polymer and a thermoplastic located on the outside of the grid frame, the second screening surface having an open screen area of about 40 percent to about 46 percent of the total area of the second screening surface and including openings having sizes in a range from approximately 35 microns to approximately 4000 microns, wherein the first and second screening assemblies are configured to separate carbon or resin from a slurry of a carbon-in-leach (CIL), carbon-in-pulp (CIP) or resin-in-leach (RIL) material as fluid of the slurry flows from outside the screen basket apparatus to inside the screen basket apparatus, and wherein the open screen areas of the first and second screening surfaces enable a natural flow of fluid through the screen basket apparatus due, at least in part, to a first level of fluid outside the screen basket apparatus exceeding a second level of fluid inside the screen basket apparatus..
2. The screen basket apparatus of claim 1, further comprising: a first screening cartridge assembly including a first case and the first screen assembly secured within the first case; a second screening cartridge assembly including a second case and the second screen assembly secured within the second case, wherein the first screening cartridge assembly is secured to at least one of (a) a first transversal member and a second transversal member of the plurality of transversal members and (b) first longitudinal member and a second longitudinal member of the plurality of longitudinal members such that the first screening cartridge assembly covers a first opening of the plurality of openings of the grid frame, wherein the second screening cartridge assembly is secured to at least one of (a) a third transversal member and a fourth transversal member of the plurality of transversal members and (b) a third longitudinal member and a fourth longitudinal member of the plurality of longitudinal members such that the second screening cartridge assembly covers a second opening of the plurality of openings of the grid frame, and wherein the screen basket apparatus further comprises a third screening cartridge assembly that is secured to at least one of a fifth transversal member and a sixth transversal member of the plurality of transversal members or a fifth longitudinal member and a sixth longitudinal member of the plurality of longitudinal members such that the third screening cartridge assembly covers a third opening of the plurality of openings of the grid frame.
3. The screen basket apparatus of claim 2, wherein the first case includes a holder frame section configured to receive the first screen assembly.
4. The screen basket apparatus of claim 3, wherein the first case further includes an attachment frame section seamlessly integrated with the holder frame section, the attachment frame section including a first elongated ridge and a second elongated ridge opposite and substantially parallel to the first elongated ridge, wherein a first recess is formed between the first ridge and a first portion of the attachment frame, and wherein a second recess is formed between the second ridge and a second portion of the attachment frame.
5. The screen basket apparatus of claim 4, wherein the first recess is configured to engage at least one of the first transversal member or the first longitudinal member, and wherein the second recess is configured to engage at least one of the second transversal member and the second longitudinal member.
6. The screen basket apparatus of claim 1, wherein the first screening assembly and the second screening assembly each include: a framework having structural members that form grid openings; and at least one screen element, secured to the framework and forming a screening surface.
7. The screen basket apparatus of claim 6, wherein the framework of the first screen assembly and the framework of the second screen assembly are mechanically interlocked to form one of a planar base structure or an arcuate base structure.
8. The screen basket apparatus of claim 7, wherein the framework of the first screen assembly and the framework of the second screen assembly each include a first longitudinal side member and a second longitudinal side member, wherein at least one of the first longitudinal side member and the second longitudinal side member includes fasteners configured to mechanically interlock to another framework.
9. The screen basket apparatus of claim 8, wherein the fasteners include at least one of clips and clip apertures.
10. The screen basket apparatus of claim 6, wherein the framework of the first screen assembly and the framework of the second screen assembly are each elongated and include: a first longitudinal side member and a second longitudinal side member opposite and substantially parallel to the first longitudinal side member; and a first transversal side member and a second transversal side member opposite and substantially parallel to the first traversal side member; wherein the first transversal side member is substantially perpendicular to each of the first longitudinal side member and the second longitudinal side member; and wherein the second transversal side member is substantially perpendicular to each of the first longitudinal side member and the second longitudinal side member.
11. The screen basket apparatus of claim 1, wherein the grid frame comprises a metal and has a defined height and a defined diameter.
12. The screen basket apparatus of claim 11, wherein the metal is stainless steel.
13. The screen basket apparatus of claim 11, wherein the defined height has a magnitude in a range from about 60 cm to about 370 cm, and wherein the defined diameter has a magnitude in a range from about 25 cm to about 250 cm.
14. The screen basket apparatus of claim 13, wherein the defined height has a magnitude of about 203.2 cm and the defined diameter has a magnitude of about 127.0 cm.
15. The screen basket apparatus of claim 6, wherein the screen elements each comprise a single injection molded piece integrally formed by injection molding of a thermoplastic material, and wherein the screen elements include a substantially planar screening surface having multiple elongated screening openings.
16. The screen basket apparatus of claim 15, wherein each of the multiple elongated screening openings have a same substantially uniform length and a same substantially uniform width, and wherein the substantially uniform length has a magnitude in a range from about 300 µm to about 4000 µm, and the substantially uniform width has a magnitude in a range of about 35 µm to about 4000 µm.
17. The screen basket apparatus of claim 16, wherein the substantially uniform width has a magnitude approximately equal to one of 43 µm, 74 µm, 90 µm, 125 µm, 150 µm, 180 µm, 500 µm, or 700 µm.
18. The screen basket apparatus of claim 2, wherein the first case is a detachable case including a first top case portion and a first bottom case portion separable from the first top case portion, and wherein the second case is a detachable case including a second top case portion and a second bottom case portion separable from the second top case portion.
19. The screen basket apparatus of claim 18, wherein at least one of the first top case portion and the first bottom case portion includes attachment mechanisms configured to detachably engage with apertures on another of the first top case portion and the first bottom case portion, wherein at least one of the second top case portion and the second bottom case portion includes attachment mechanisms configured to detachably engage with apertures on another of the second top case portion and the second bottom case portion.
20. A screening apparatus configured to screen a material, comprising: a tank containing a slurry of carbon-in-leach (CIL), carbon-in-pulp (CIP) and resin-in- leach (RIL) material; a screen basket positioned inside the tank in a fixed vertical configuration and configured to separate an oversize material from an undersize material as fluid of the slurry passes from outside to inside of the screen basket; and a polyurethane screen having an open screen area of about 40 percent to about 46 percent of the total area of the screen secured to a support frame of the screen basket, the polyurethane screen forming a screening surface facing outside the screen basket, wherein the polyurethane screen is configured to separate carbon or resin from the slurry as fluid of the slurry flows from outside the screen basket to inside the screen basket, and wherein the open screen area of the screen enables a natural flow of fluid through the screening surface due. at least in part, to a first level of fluid outside the screen basket exceeding a second level of fluid inside the screen basket such that carbon or resin from the slurry is retained on the screening surface of the polyurethane screen.
21. The screening apparatus of claim 20, wherein the polyurethane screen includes screen openings have a length of about 0.044 mm to about 4 mm between inner surfaces of first members and a length of about 0.044 mm to about 60 mm between inner surfaces of second members.
22. The screening apparatus of claim 20, wherein the first members and second members of the polyurethane screen include reinforcement members molded integrally therewith.
23. The screening apparatus of claim 22, wherein the reinforcement members molded integrally with the first members have a thickness in the range of about 0.005 inches to about 0.015 inches, and wherein the reinforcement members molded integrally with the second members have a thickness in the range of about 0.015 inches to about 0.040 inches.
24. A screen basket apparatus, comprising: a substantially vertical cylindrical grid frame having a plurality of openings; and a first screening assembly having a screening surface formed of at least one of polyurethane, a polymer and a thermoplastic secured over an opening of the plurality of openings of the grid frame, the screening surface having openings having sizes in a range from approximately 35 microns to approximately 4,000 microns and an open screen area of about 40 percent to about 46 percent of a total screen area of the screening surface, wherein the screening surface is configured to separate carbon or resin from a slurry of carbon-in-leach (CIL), carbon-in-pulp (CIP) or resin-in-leach (RIL) material as fluid of the slurry flows from outside the screen basket apparatus to inside the screen basket apparatus and wherein the open screen area of the screening surface enables a natural flow of fluid through the screening surface due, at least in part, to a first level of fluid outside the screen basket apparatus exceeding a second level of fluid inside the screen basket apparatus and wherein carbon or resin is retained on an external surface of the screening surface.
25. The screen basket apparatus of claim 24, wherein the grid frame includes a plurality of transversal members and a plurality of longitudinal members that define the plurality of openings.
26. The screen basket apparatus of claim 24, further comprising a second screening assembly having a screening surface.
27. The screen basket apparatus of claim 26, wherein the second screening assembly covers a second opening of the plurality of openings of the grid frame.
28. The screen basket apparatus of claim 24, wherein the screening assembly includes a screening surface that comprises a single injection molded piece integrally formed by injection molding of a thermoplastic material.
29. The screen basket apparatus of claim 28, wherein a mesh size of the screening surface is approximately 0.375 mesh to approximately 400 mesh.
30. The screen basket apparatus of claim 24, wherein the screening assembly includes a framework and a screen element secured to the framework, the screen element forming the screening surface.
31. The screen basket apparatus of claim 20, wherein the polyurethane screen further comprises: a flexible, molded polyurethane body including screen openings in the body, first substantially parallel flexible members defining opposite sides of the screen openings, and second substantially parallel flexible members that are substantially perpendicular to the first members and define other opposite sides of the screen openings; third substantially parallel members having the first members therebetween, and fourth substantially parallel members having the second members therebetween; side edge portions extending substantially parallel at opposite ends of the body, between which the third members extend, the third members and the fourth members configured to support the screen openings; end portions extending substantially parallel at opposite ends of the body, between which the fourth members extend; and reinforcement members integrally molded with at least one of the first and the third members and at least one of the second and the fourth members, wherein the side edge portions are substantially perpendicular to the end portions.
32. A screening apparatus, comprising: a screen basket comprising: a substantially vertical grid frame having a plurality of openings; and a screen, having a screening surface with an open screen area of about 40 percent to about 46 percent of a total screen area of the screening surface, attached to the outside of the grid frame, wherein the screening surface is configured to separate carbon or resin from a slurry of carbon-in-leach (CIL), carbon-in-pulp (CIP) or resin-in-leach (RIL) material as fluid of the slurry flows from outside to inside the screen basket and wherein the open screen area of the screening surface enables a natural flow of fluid through the screening surface due, at least in part, to a first level of fluid outside the screen basket exceeding a second level of fluid inside the screen basket and wherein carbon or resin is retained on an external surface of the synthetic screening surface.
33. The screening apparatus of claim 32, wherein the screening surface includes a thermoset material.
34. The screening apparatus of claim 32, wherein the screen includes a plurality of screening openings each having a length L that has a magnitude in a range from approximately 0.7 mm to approximately 2 mm, and a width W that has a magnitude in a range of about 35 microns to about 150 microns.
35. The screen screening apparatus of claim 32, wherein the screening surface includes a thermoplastic material.
36. The screening apparatus of claim 32, wherein the screening surface includes a polyurethane material.
37. The screening apparatus of claim 32, wherein the screen is a single injection-molded piece.
38. The screening apparatus of claim 32, wherein the screening surface has a corrugated shape.
39. The screening apparatus of claim 32, wherein the screen covers a plurality of the openings of the grid frame.
40. The screening apparatus of claim 32, wherein the screen includes a plurality of separate screen members.
41. The screening apparatus of claim 40, wherein each of the separate screen members includes a molded body having screen openings and unperforated side edge portions, wherein each side edge portion includes a cast-in structural member that is configured to mechanically couple with a transversal member or a longitudinal member of the grid frame to thereby attach the separate screen member to the grid frame.
42. The screening apparatus of claim 32, wherein the grid frame has a cylindrical configuration.
43. The screen basket apparatus of claim 1, wherein the first and second surfaces have openings ranging in size from approximately 180 microns to approximately 1000 microns.
44. The screen basket apparatus of claim 24, wherein the screening surface has openings ranging in size from approximately 180 microns to approximately 1000 microns.
Applications Claiming Priority (5)
Application Number | Priority Date | Filing Date | Title |
---|---|---|---|
US201762609889P | 2017-12-22 | 2017-12-22 | |
US62/609,889 | 2017-12-22 | ||
NL2020612 | 2018-03-19 | ||
NL2020612A NL2020612B1 (en) | 2017-12-22 | 2018-03-19 | Light detection devices with protective liner and methods of manufacturing same |
PCT/US2018/062017 WO2019125689A1 (en) | 2017-12-22 | 2018-11-20 | Light detection devices with protective liner and methods related to same |
Publications (2)
Publication Number | Publication Date |
---|---|
NZ759905A NZ759905A (en) | 2021-10-29 |
NZ760189B2 true NZ760189B2 (en) | 2022-02-01 |
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