NZ752608B2 - Sorting table with adjustable screen - Google Patents
Sorting table with adjustable screen Download PDFInfo
- Publication number
- NZ752608B2 NZ752608B2 NZ752608A NZ75260817A NZ752608B2 NZ 752608 B2 NZ752608 B2 NZ 752608B2 NZ 752608 A NZ752608 A NZ 752608A NZ 75260817 A NZ75260817 A NZ 75260817A NZ 752608 B2 NZ752608 B2 NZ 752608B2
- Authority
- NZ
- New Zealand
- Prior art keywords
- sorter
- sections
- conveyor
- sorting table
- rollers
- Prior art date
Links
- 235000013399 edible fruits Nutrition 0.000 claims abstract description 45
- 239000012530 fluid Substances 0.000 claims description 25
- 239000012528 membrane Substances 0.000 claims description 14
- 239000000463 material Substances 0.000 claims description 10
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- 241001182492 Nes Species 0.000 claims description 3
- 241000219095 Vitis Species 0.000 abstract description 30
- 235000014787 Vitis vinifera Nutrition 0.000 abstract description 30
- 235000009754 grape Nutrition 0.000 abstract description 30
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- 230000001276 controlling effect Effects 0.000 abstract description 3
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- 230000000694 effects Effects 0.000 description 12
- 238000003306 harvesting Methods 0.000 description 12
- 230000000875 corresponding Effects 0.000 description 8
- 241000219094 Vitaceae Species 0.000 description 6
- 235000021021 grapes Nutrition 0.000 description 6
- 230000004048 modification Effects 0.000 description 6
- 238000006011 modification reaction Methods 0.000 description 6
- 230000000284 resting Effects 0.000 description 4
- 210000000614 Ribs Anatomy 0.000 description 3
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- 229920002725 Thermoplastic elastomer Polymers 0.000 description 2
- 210000001578 Tight Junctions Anatomy 0.000 description 2
- 240000008536 Vaccinium myrtillus Species 0.000 description 2
- 238000004140 cleaning Methods 0.000 description 2
- 238000001514 detection method Methods 0.000 description 2
- 238000004033 diameter control Methods 0.000 description 2
- 235000021038 drupes Nutrition 0.000 description 2
- 229920001971 elastomer Polymers 0.000 description 2
- 238000009434 installation Methods 0.000 description 2
- 150000002500 ions Chemical class 0.000 description 2
- 239000007788 liquid Substances 0.000 description 2
- 230000003287 optical Effects 0.000 description 2
- 239000004033 plastic Substances 0.000 description 2
- 229920003023 plastic Polymers 0.000 description 2
- 229920002635 polyurethane Polymers 0.000 description 2
- 239000004814 polyurethane Substances 0.000 description 2
- 238000005096 rolling process Methods 0.000 description 2
- 241001091440 Grossulariaceae Species 0.000 description 1
- 210000001503 Joints Anatomy 0.000 description 1
- 244000278455 Morus laevigata Species 0.000 description 1
- 235000013382 Morus laevigata Nutrition 0.000 description 1
- 241000207836 Olea <angiosperm> Species 0.000 description 1
- 235000002357 Ribes grossularia Nutrition 0.000 description 1
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- 229940035295 Ting Drugs 0.000 description 1
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- 235000017537 Vaccinium myrtillus Nutrition 0.000 description 1
- 229910052782 aluminium Inorganic materials 0.000 description 1
- XAGFODPZIPBFFR-UHFFFAOYSA-N aluminum Chemical compound [Al] XAGFODPZIPBFFR-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 description 1
- 230000004323 axial length Effects 0.000 description 1
- 235000015725 bilberry Nutrition 0.000 description 1
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- 239000002131 composite material Substances 0.000 description 1
- 235000021019 cranberries Nutrition 0.000 description 1
- 230000001419 dependent Effects 0.000 description 1
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- 235000018382 dwarf huckleberry Nutrition 0.000 description 1
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- 229910001220 stainless steel Inorganic materials 0.000 description 1
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Classifications
-
- B—PERFORMING OPERATIONS; TRANSPORTING
- B07—SEPARATING SOLIDS FROM SOLIDS; SORTING
- B07B—SEPARATING SOLIDS FROM SOLIDS BY SIEVING, SCREENING, SIFTING OR BY USING GAS CURRENTS; SEPARATING BY OTHER DRY METHODS APPLICABLE TO BULK MATERIAL, e.g. LOOSE ARTICLES FIT TO BE HANDLED LIKE BULK MATERIAL
- B07B1/00—Sieving, screening, sifting, or sorting solid materials using networks, gratings, grids, or the like
- B07B1/12—Apparatus having only parallel elements
- B07B1/14—Roller screens
- B07B1/15—Roller screens using corrugated, grooved or ribbed rollers
-
- B—PERFORMING OPERATIONS; TRANSPORTING
- B07—SEPARATING SOLIDS FROM SOLIDS; SORTING
- B07B—SEPARATING SOLIDS FROM SOLIDS BY SIEVING, SCREENING, SIFTING OR BY USING GAS CURRENTS; SEPARATING BY OTHER DRY METHODS APPLICABLE TO BULK MATERIAL, e.g. LOOSE ARTICLES FIT TO BE HANDLED LIKE BULK MATERIAL
- B07B1/00—Sieving, screening, sifting, or sorting solid materials using networks, gratings, grids, or the like
- B07B1/46—Constructional details of screens in general; Cleaning or heating of screens
- B07B1/4609—Constructional details of screens in general; Cleaning or heating of screens constructional details of screening surfaces or meshes
- B07B1/4636—Regulation of screen apertures
Abstract
The present invention concerns a sorting table (10) with an adjustable screen for fruit having the advantage that the screen can be modified in real time during a sorting operation; the table comprises a series of conveyor/sorter rollers (12) arranged in a sorting plane and parallel to each other, the conveyor/sorter rollers each having at least one sorter section (30), a spacing (36) being provided respectively between opposing sorter sections (30) of successive conveyor/sorter rollers (12) in order to allow fruit to pass selectively through the table, via said spacing. According to the invention, the sorting table comprises conveyor/sorter rollers provided with sorter sections (30) that have an adjustable diameter and a control device (76) for controlling the diameter of the adjustable-diameter sorter sections. Application to sorting a fruit or grape crop. he conveyor/sorter rollers each having at least one sorter section (30), a spacing (36) being provided respectively between opposing sorter sections (30) of successive conveyor/sorter rollers (12) in order to allow fruit to pass selectively through the table, via said spacing. According to the invention, the sorting table comprises conveyor/sorter rollers provided with sorter sections (30) that have an adjustable diameter and a control device (76) for controlling the diameter of the adjustable-diameter sorter sections. Application to sorting a fruit or grape crop.
Description
Sorting Table with Adjustable Screen
Technical Field
The present invention concerns a g table with adjustable screen.
It concerns more precisely a sorting table usable for the elimination of extraneous
matter remaining mixed in with a crop of small fruit or a grape harvest. Such a sorting
table makes it possible, especially in the case of a grape harvest, to separate on the
one hand grape berries or other s of size and shape similar to grape s, and
on the other hand undesirable objects of a size larger than grape berries and of
elongated or flattened shapes such as leaves, stems or leaf-stalks for example. This is
the case especially when the grape harvest has previously undergone a stalk-stripping
operation.
More generally, the invention can be applied for eliminating in a fruit crop any kind of
debris distinct from the fruit, and in particular for a crop of small fruit such as
gooseberries, black-currant, blackberries, rries, olives, cranberries, huckleberries
or still other berries or drupes.
Finally, the invention can also be used for calibrating fruits by simply separating larger
fruits from smaller ones.
The invention also finds application in the manufacture of free-standing sorting tables or
of tables integrated into a harvesting or vintaging machine.
State of prior art
The state of art can be rated by the following documents.
FR 2920278
EP 2457671
ES 2235602
Known sorting tables, for example the one of document FR 2920278, feature a plurality
of el conveyor-sorter rollers, arranged in a sorting plane. They are generally
ed in a horizontal or nearly horizontal plane. They can assume a more
pronounced incline when they are d on a grape-picking vehicle, for example,
brought in to follow the irregularities of the terrain. This latter mode of operation is
however not a parameter for adjusting the e.
The conveyor-sorter rollers are regularly spaced and they form a screen.
A crop or grape harvest dumped on an intake area of the sorting table is conveyed in
the direction of a discharge end of the sorting table by putting the conveyor-sorter rollers
in on, all in the same direction.
During the conveying, the fruits or berry grapes may pass through spaces provided
between the conveyor-sorter rollers to be collected under the sorting table. On the other
hand, the debris of larger size than the fruits of berry grapes, in particular talks,
leaves, stems or small twigs mixed in with the crop, continue their travel to the
discharge end of the sorting table, the table being so shaped as to prevent their passing
through the spaces made between the rollers. These items of debris are, on account of
their size, their factor of voluminous shape, elongated or flattened, or of their weight, in
fact more susceptible to continue their travel parallel to the g table than to pass
through the sorting table.
When a sorting table is ed correctly, only debris arrives at the end of the sorting
table and is discarded while all the fruits or grape berries have passed through the
sorting table during their travel.
The main parameters for adjustment of a sorting table are the intake rate of the crop or
the grapes on the table, the conveying speed, determined by the speed of rotation of
the conveyor-sorter rollers, the spaces created between the conveyor-sorter rollers and
possibly an incline of the sorting table relative to the horizontal plane. Too narrow
spacing between the rollers, excessive speed of rotation or too high a dumping rate
result in fruit arriving at the rge end of the table and being disposed of, together
with the . Inversely, too wide spacing between the rollers or too slow a on
speed lead to the rable e of debris through the sorting table, together with
the fruit.
The speed of rotation of the conveyor-sorters can be easily adjusted by controlling the
driving means for the rotation of the conveyor-sorter rollers.
The screen opening, formed by the spaces between the conveyor-sorter s can be
modified by adjusting the distance between the axes of the conveyor-sorter rollers.
Thus, document EP 2457671 proposes to mount the ends of the conveyor-sorter rollers
on link gears perpendicular to their axis.
sure of the invention
The aim of the invention is to propose a different means of adjustment of a g table,
and in particular a quick means of adjustment which allows modifying the screen of the
sorting table in real time during a sorting ion.
The invention also has the aim to propose a means of adjustment of a sorting table
acting simultaneously on the opening of the screen formed by the table and on the
conveying speed of the crop or grapes along the table.
To achieve these goals, the invention proposes a sorting table with adjustable screen
for fruits, comprising a succession of conveyor-sorter rollers arranged along a g
plane and el to each other, with the conveyor-sorter rollers each presenting at
least a sorter-section, a space being created respectively between sorter-sections in
respect to successive conveyor-sorter rollers for selective passing of fruit through the
table, through said spaces. In accordance with the invention the sorting table includes
conveyor-sorter rollers provided with sorter-sections with adjustable diameter and a
control device for the diameter of the sorter sections with adjustable diameter.
It should be specified that the adjustable character of the diameter of the sortersections
does not necessarily imply that this diameter is constant on the sorter-section
along the axis of the conveyor-sorter . The diameter of the sorter sections can in
effect be modified iformly, for e, with a more significant modification on a
central portion of the sorter section and a lesser modification on the edges, always in
relation to the axis of the corresponding conveyor-sorter roller. The adjustable character
of the diameter of the sorter-sections can thus be understood as applying also to their
median diameter. This results, between two -sections facing each other, in a
g with a larger opening when the median er is reduced and in a spacing
with a smaller opening when the diameter is increased.
One considers that the sorting table is a g table “for fruits” when it is configured for
sorting a crop of fleshy pitted fruits, of berries, of drupes and more particularly of a
harvest of grapes. In the following description and to simplify matters, reference is
simply made to fruits without any limitation concerning the nature of these fruits.
Depending on the type of fruit, the conveyor-sorter rollers may feature one or several
sorter sections which form the screen. Generally each roller contains a plurality of sorter
sections. The ing description makes reference essentially to conveyor-sorter
rollers provided with a plurality of sorter sections, without ging the number of
sorter sections of each .
The conveyor-sorter rollers, as well as the sorter sections present a rotational
symmetry. Thus it is considered that the sorter ns have an adjustable diameter
when their diameter and thus their perimeter can be modified, and adjusted. It should be
specified that the adjustment of the diameter of the sorter sections is independent of the
e of fruits between the sorter sections. In particular, the simple deformation of a
sorter section under the effect of the passing of a fruit is not considered to be an
adjustment of its diameter.
The l device of the diameter of the sorter sections may be a control device run by
an operator, or, preferably, an automatic servo control device, so as to be able to adjust
the diameter and thus the screen of the sorting table in real time during a sorting
operation without interrupting this operation. The control device of the diameter of the
sorter sections may t diverse forms of implementation depending on its mode of
action on the sorter sections with adjustable diameter. In particular, it may be a
mechanical or pneumatic device as becomes clear in the ing description.
The diameter control of the sorter sections can be made dependent, for example, on the
detection of a ty of fruits arriving at the end of the sorting table t having
passed through the g table, or relative to the detection of a quantity of debris
remaining among the sorted fruits. A measuring element of a quantity of fruits arriving at
the end of the table or a quantity of debris remaining among the sorted fruits can be
provided for the automatic l of the control device. It may be an optical element, for
example an optical barrier, a e or in a more sophisticated manner, a camera
connected to an image analysis .
Programming or direct control of the control device of the diameter of the sorter sections
may also be done by an operator visually evaluating the operation of the sorting table.
The sorter sections of the rollers have two distinct functions. A first function is to
constitute a screen on account of the spaces made between the sorter sections facing
each other. These spaces in effect enable the fruits to pass through the g table
and thus to be separated from the debris which continues to be ed towards an
exit from the sorting table.
A second function of the sorter sections, and more generally of the conveyor-sorter
rollers, is a conveying function. In fact the conveying of the crop dumped on the sorting
table in the direction of an exit of the sorting table is brought about by the rotation of the
conveyor-sorter rollers, these rollers being preferably all driven at the same rotational
speed in the same sense of rotation.
Modification of the diameter of the sorter sections has two distinct effects. A first effect
is to modify the spacing between the sorter sections and thus the opening of the screen
of the sorting table. In effect, when the diameter of the sorter sections facing each other
is increased, the spacing between these sections is reduced. Inversely, when the
diameter of the sorter sections is diminished, the spacing and thus the opening of the
screen become wider.
A regular arrangement of the sorter rollers does indeed allow providing a uniform
g of the screen. This is however not a ary characteristic. It is possible to
ge adjusting the sorting table with an increasing or sing opening of the
screen along an axis parallel to the conveying direction, for example.
A second effect of the modification of the diameter of the sorter-sections is a change of
the conveying speed of the crop on the g table.
In fact for a same rotational speed of the conveyor-sorter rollers, the tangential speed
on the surface of the sorter sections ses with the diameter of these sorter
ns. Now, a greater tangential speed has the effect of resulting in faster conveying
of the crop from an intake zone in the direction of a discharge end of the sorting table.
Additionally, it should be specified that the conveying can also be obtained, over a
portion of the sorting table, by simple conveyor rollers which have no fruit sorting
function but simply a conveying function and possibly a function of distributing fruits and
debris at the intake of the screen, or even a sorting function of liquids or debris items of
smaller size than the fruits, such as seeds and grape juice in the case of a grape crop,
for e. These s are preferably ed at the beginning end of the table in
an area of dumping and spreading of the crop or the grape berries. They do not have
any passages which would let the fruits pass through the sorting table but they may
have narrower passages for letting juice flow through or g debris pass through that
is of smaller size than the fruits, such as seeds or stones.
Furthermore, one may notice that all sections of all conveyor-sorter rollers do not
necessarily have adjustable diameters. An alternation of sorter sections with adjustable
diameters and of sorter sections with fixed diameters, along a parallel axis in a
conveying direction on the sorting table, although being a less favorable on, may
suffice for the adjustment of the screen of the sorting table.
The sorter ns with adjustable diameter include preferably an outer deformable
wall. This wall may be formed by a casing, a sleeve or a membrane of an elastic natural
material or a thermoplastic elastomer, for example, of rubber or of polyurethane. The
deformable character of the wall allows it to adapt to the diameter of the sorter n
while at the same time constituting a jacket that is tight against the juices of the
conveyed fruits. Its imperviousness facilitates cleaning of the g table and protects
the internal elements of the conveyor-sorter rollers.
According to a preferred implementation of the invention, the sorting table, and in
particular the control device of the diameter of the sorter sections with adjustable
diameter may e a source of pressure-controlled fluid connected respectively to an
internal chamber of the conveyor-sorter rollers provided with sorter sections with
able diameters. In this case, the internal chamber is in fluid communication with
the deformable wall. Thus, the control device of the diameter of the sorter sections is
able to act by modifying the pressure of the fluid in the internal chamber of the
conveyor-sorter rollers. Modification of the fluid pressure enables deforming the
deformable wall and thus to adjust the diameter of the sorter sections. The deformation
may be r to inflation or deflation of the deformable wall of a sorter section.
The source of pressure-controlled fluid may be, for e, a source under pressure or
under depression ve to atmospheric pressure. It may ably be a source of air
under pressure. The fluid may also be a liquid, such as water or oil, for e.
The exterior deformable wall of the sorter sections may also constitute a wall of the
aforementioned internal chamber.
According to another possibility the internal chamber may t a rigid wall, the
exterior deformable wall forming a sheath around the rigid wall. The sheath may present
itself in the form of a sleeve or a membrane which are described further down.
According to a preferred implementation of the conveyor-sorter rollers they may include
a ity of sorter-sections arranged along a roller axis. In that case, the sortersections
are respectively separated by annular collars protruding on the -sections.
The annular collars facilitate the selective e of the fruits through the sorting table
which is to say in the spaces made between the sorter rollers. They also enable the
conveying of nous debris.
The annular collars which may preferably t a diameter greater than the maximum
diameter of the sorter rollers, also participate in the conveying of the crop on the sorting
table.
Furthermore, the annular collars of adjacent conveyor-sorter rollers ting opposing
sorter sections may be ially aligned along planes perpendicular to the conveying
rollers, and present essentially adjacent ridges.
The annular collars are considered to present essentially adjacent ridges when the
ridges are mutually aligned perpendicularly to the axis of the conveyor-sorter rollers but
also when the ridges are slightly offset perpendicularly to the axis of the conveyor-sorter
s in the median plane of the sorting table and in the vicinity of this plane. In this
latter case, the s of adjacent rollers are in an interlocked uration by
presenting also mutually nt flanks.
It should be specified that in particular implementations of the sorting table of the
invention, it is possible to configure the conveyor-sorter rollers without collars or to
configure them so that each conveyor-sorter roller only includes a single sorter-section.
In the description below, reference is made however to or-sorter rollers with a
plurality of sorter-sections, separated respectively by a plurality of collars. Each sortersection
thus es a collar at each of its ends and two successive sorter-sections are
separated by the same collar.
According to a particular implementation of the conveyor-sorter rollers, each sortersection
may present a membrane mounted between two successive annular collars, the
membranes of the sorter-sections then forming the deformable wall of the sortersection.
According to another possibility, the conveyor-sorter rollers may include a sleeve
forming the deformable wall respectively of a plurality of sorter-sections.
In this case, the sleeve may present areas of excessive thickness forming directly the
r collars.
According to another possibility, the sleeve may also present annular grooves in which
the annular collars are inserted.
Rather than being inserted on a membrane common to l sorter-sections, the
annular collars may also be mounted on a l shaft of the conveyor-sorter rollers.
The central shaft may be constituted, for example, by the internal chamber with rigid
wall mentioned earlier.
In the case of annular collars mounted on a central shaft, they may t respectively
a cylindrical base essentially ed to the central shaft. The cylindrical base may then
extend under the deformable wall and form a spacer between the annular collars.
In order to e imperviousness with respect to fruit juice running over the conveyorsorter
rollers, the annular collars may present at least one flexible r lip ng
against an adjacent sorter-section. The lip is flexible so it can adapt to diameter
variations of the sorter-section. Such a flexible lip may be provided on the two sides of a
collar separating two sorter-sections.
The sorter-sections may be provided with reliefs. These may be for example pins or ribs
extending along planes ning an axis of the conveyor-sorter roller.
Such reliefs allow better grip on the fruits to be sorted and facilitate their passing
through the sorting table.
The reliefs may be of one piece with the deformable wall of the sorter-sections. They
may also be mounted on the wall and made of a material harder than the deformable
wall. Use of a harder material makes it le to delay, if applicable, wear of the
deformable wall.
As indicated previously, modification of the diameter of the sorter-sections may be
performed by means of a fluid under pressure or a fluid under vaccum.
The diameter may also be modified by mechanical means without using any fluid.
By way of an example, The sorting table may include conveyor-sorter rollers with an
ating succession of sorter-sections as per a succession pattern, of sorter-sections
and protruding annular collars separating the sorter-sections, and the control device of
the er of the sorter-sections may include an internal actuating shaft concentric
with the deformable wall of the sorter-sections and with the annular s, the
actuating shaft being ed with humps spaced according to the same succession
pattern. In this case, the actuating shaft presents, respectively in relation to the
deformable wall, relative to the -sections and to the collars, a m of axial
sliding between a first position in which the humps are received in seats adjacent to the
annular collars and at least one second position in which the humps coincide with the
sorter-sections.
When the humps are received in the seats adjacent to the annular collars, the
deformable wall is not constrained and can retract, on a resting surface formed for
example by a rigid internal wall or formed directly by the parts of the internal shaft that
have no humps.
Inversely, when the humps coincide with the sorter-sections, and in particular with the
middle of the sorter-sections, the humps of the actuating shaft serve to raise the
deformable wall in order to increase the diameter of the sorter-sections.
The seats for the humps are considered to be adjacent to the annular collars when they
are ed in the immediate vicinity of the s, for example under an edge of the
sorter-sections or when the sears are under the annular collars.
The possibilities of implementation of the invention described above essentially call for a
deforming wall of the sorter-sections. These are preferred possibilities of
implementation of the invention. However, it should be noted that the ce of a
deformable wall is not indispensable.
The sorting table may in fact be ed with conveyor-sorter rollers including:
- a cylindrical l cylindrical shaft presenting a first diameter,
- protruding annular collars ed along the central shaft, by creating respectively
between them spaces, and the control device of the diameter of the sorter-sections with
adjustable diameter may include:
- a plurality of sleeves that are coaxial to the central shaft presents a second diameter
greater than the first er,
and presenting relative to the central shaft a freedom of sliding respectively between a
first position in which the s are retracted under the conveying collars and a
second position in which the sleeves extend in the spaces between the collars.
In this case, the sorter-sections are formed selectively by one of the central shaft and
the sleeves in the second position. When the s are retracted, the l shaft
tutes sorter-sections with a first diameter. Inversely, when the sleeves are
extended between the annular collars, it is the sleeves which constitute somehow the
sorter-sections. The sorter-sections present in this case, a second diameter, the one of
the sleeves which is greater than that of the central shaft on which the sleeves slide.
The sleeves thus are part of the control device of the diameter of the -section and
of the sorter-sections themselves of which they se the diameter.
Such an implementation of the invention is not very useful for sorting juicy fruits
because the mechanisms which are not protected by a wall or membrane are subject to
becoming dirty and possibilities of cleaning are more complicated.
However, such a g table can be useful for sorting dry fruits, such as nuts, for
example.
The invention also concerns a sorter conveyor roller for a sorting table such as
described above including sorter-sections with adjustable diameter.
Other characteristics and advantages of the invention become clear from the ption
which follows, in reference to the figures of the drawings. This description is ed for
illustrative purposes and is not limiting.
Brief description of the figures
Figure 1 is a schematic longitudinal sectional g of a sorting table in conformance
with the invention.
Figures 2A and 2B are top views of conveyor-sorter rollers of a portion of the sorting
table of figure 1.
Figure 3 is an axial section of a conveyor-sorter roller of the sorting table.
Figure 4 is a partial view of a conveyor-sorter roller with a l tear-out, illustrating a
possibility of implementation of such a roller.
Figure 5 is a partial view of a conveyor-sorter roller with a partial tear-out, illustrating
another possibility of implementation of such a roller.
Figure 6 is a partial view of a conveyor-sorter roller with a l tear-out, illustrating yet
another possibility of entation of such a roller.
Figure 7 is a partial sectional drawing of a detail of the conveyor roller of figure 6.
Figure 8 is a partial view of a conveyor-sorter roller, with a partial tear-out illustrating yet
another possibility of implementation of such a roller.
Figure 9 is a partial view of a conveyor-sorter roller, illustrating yet another possibility of
implementation of such a roller.
The s figures are shown in free-scale.
Detailed description of modes of implementation of the invention
In the following description, identical, similar or lent portions of the various figures
are marked with the same reference identifiers, so as to facilitate the transfer from one
figure to another.
Figure 1 rates the general ure of the sorting table and its operation.
The sorting table 10 essentially presents itself in the form of a roller or 12, 14
extending in an essentially horizontal way from a first intake end 16 to a second scrap
discharge end 18. A hopper 20, and a first series of conveyor rollers 14, adjacent and
essentially joined, receive a crop, for example, in the example shown in figure 1, a
grape harvest 22. The grape harvest, stalks d, includes both grape berries 24
and debris 26. The debris may consist of leaves, leaf stalks, stems, small twigs etc. The
first series of conveyor rollers 14 are driven in rotation, all in the same direction, for the
ion of an essentially homogeneous spread of grapes moving in a direction from
the first end 16 towards the second end 18 of the sorting table. Rotation of the rollers
takes place along rotation axes that are parallel to each other and perpendicular to the
plane of the figure.
After the first series of conveyor rollers, a second series of rollers is located which is
arranged along the same, essentially horizontal plane. These are conveyor-sorter rollers
12. Just like the or rollers 14 of the first series of s the conveyor-sorter
s 12 are actuated by the same rotational movement to provide the conveying of the
grape harvest from the first end 16 towards the second end 18 of the sorting table 10. A
direction of conveying is indicated by an arrow 15.
The conveyor-sorter rollers 12 do have another on which is to separate the grape
berries 24 from the debris 26 which is of a larger size than the grape berries and/or of a
shape that is ct from the grape berries. It may be debris of a ned shape such
as leaves, or of elongated shape such as leaf stalks, or even bulky items such as
stems. As is shown better on the ing figures, described further down, the
conveyor-sorter s form a screen sized for the selective passing of the grape berries
24 through the sorting table. It should be noted that debris items of smaller or same size
as the grape berries, such as seeds or small pieces of stems or leaves, for example,
can also pass through the screen.
As figure 1 shows, as the conveying of the grape harvest proceeds on the sorting table,
the grape s 24 pass through the table and are collected by gravity under the table
in a receptacle (not shown).
The debris items 26, by their factor of shape, their weight and/or dimension, do not pass
through the screen formed by the conveyor-sorter rollers 14 and reach the second end
18 of the sorting table which amounts to the garbage bin. The debris 26 is collected, in a
receptacle, not shown, for disposal or ted evaluation. In the case of a sorting
table mounted on a machine the debris is simply discarded from the machine.
With proper adjustment of the screen of the sorting table, all the grape berries can be
collected under the sorting table, avoiding grape berries to be discarded together with
the debris at the end of the table, which is to say at the second end 18 of the sorting
table.
A screen that is too restricted leads to grape berries or more generally fruits being
discarded that should have passed through the table. Inversely, a screen that is too
wide leads to unwanted debris passing through the g table together with the grape
berries.
The possibility of adjusting the screen of the sorting table, in conformance with the
invention is better understood by comparing figures 2A and 2B.
Figures 2A and 2B show only a portion of the sorting table 10. They show a succession
of six equidistant conveyor-sorter rollers 12, arranged along axes 11 parallel to each
other, perpendicular to the conveying direction 15.
It can be observed that each conveyor-sorter roller 12 includes a plurality of sortersections
. The sorter-sections 30 of a single roller are delimited respectively by
r collars 32. The collars 32 and the sorter-sections 30 present a revolution
symmetry around the axis 11 of the corresponding conveyor-sorter roller 12. The collars
32 present a diameter greater than the average er of the -sections 30.
The annular collars 32 of the adjacent conveyor-sorter rollers 12 are ially aligned
along the planes 35 perpendicular to the axes 11 of the conveyor-sorter rollers 12 so
that their respective ridges 34 are essentially adjacent in a median plane of the sorting
table comprising the axes of the conveyor-sorter s 12, and in the ty of this
plane. In the e of implementation illustrated by the figures 2A and 2B, it can be
noted that, while being essentially aligned on the planes 35, the annular collars 32
adjacent to the various rollers are slightly offset on either side of these planes, in
alternating fashion from one conveyor-sorter roller to the next. In this way they present
ridges 34 that are essentially adjacent but also slightly imbricated in the plane of the
sorting table.
The sorter-sections 30 of the adjacent conveyor-sorter rollers and the annular collars 32
which separate them thus t spaces or openings 36 in the sorting table through
which the grape berries, or more generally the fruits can pass, especially by y, as
the crop or grape harvest is being ed.
The regular disposition of the sorter-sections 30 and of the s 32 assure that the
spaces 36 constitute a regular mesh of the screen of the sorting table.
In conformance with the invention, the diameter of the -sections is able. In
the example of implementation of figures 2A and 2B all sections are of the adjustable
type. Figure 2A shows the sorter-sections with a smaller diameter than that of the of the
sections of figure 2B. The spaces 36 and thus the opening of the screen are greater on
figure 2A than on figure 2B. The adjustable character of the diameter of the sortersections
does not necessarily imply that it is constant over the entire length of a given
sorter-section. One can observe, on figure 2A, a concave shape of the sorter-sections
from their edges on, that is to say from the annular collars 32 to their middle.
Figure 3 is a sectional view of a conveyor-sorter roller 12 of the sorting table.
The roller es a central shaft 50 formed, essentially, by an elongated cylindrical
tube 53. The tube 53 is for example a tube of stainless steel, of aluminum or a tube
made from composite fiber. On the central shaft 50 is fitted a sleeve 54 made of natural
material or a able thermoplastic elastomer, for example of rubber or
polyurethane, preferably compatible with contact of foodstuffs. The ends of the
cylindrical tube 53 are closed by plugs 62, 64, partially pressed into the cylindrical tube
53 and connected in rotation with the tube through cotter pins 40. A first plug 62
receives a g 66 for the reception of a rolling bearing (not shown), and intended for
installation of the conveyor-sorter roller 12 on a chassis of the g table. The
opposite end of the cylindrical tube 53 receives a second plug 64, also meant to e
a rolling bearing (not shown).
The sleeve 54 is maintained on ends of the central shaft 50 and more precisely on a
part of the plugs 62, 64. A tight junction is achieved by means of rings 56, combined
with joints 42, for example O-ring , and placed on the plugs 62, 64. The sleeve 54
constitutes an exterior deformable wall of an internal chamber 52. The internal chamber
52 is also delimited by a rigid wall, opposite the able wall, and formed [by] the
cylindrical tube 53 of the central shaft 50. The sleeve 54 forms the sorter-sections 30.
The internal chamber 52 extends between the sleeve 54 and the central shaft 50, and
presents tments in each sorter-section 30 of the conveyor-sorter roller.
The sleeve 54 presents annular grooves 58 between sorter-sections 30. The annular
grooves 58 receive the annular collars 32. In the example of figure 3, the collars 32 are
made of a plastic al that is harder and more rigid than that of the sleeve 54. The
collars participate in the maintenance of the sleeve 54 on the rical tube 53 forming
the central shaft 50. They prevent the ation of the sleeve at the height of the
annular grooves 58 and maintain support soles 59 of the sleeve 54, opposite the
annular grooves 58, in contact with the wall of the cylindrical tube 53. Recess passages
57 are formed in the support soles 59 so as to create a fluid passage between the
ent compartments of the internal chamber 52 corresponding to the different sortersections
The second plug 64 includes a canal 70 from a fitting 72. The canal 70 is connected to
the internal chamber 52 h the intermediary of one or several passages 60
crossing the plug 64. The canal 70 is thus in fluid communication with the internal
chamber 52 and with the sleeve 54. The passage 60 represented on figure 3 opens
between the tight junction of the sleeve 54 on the second plug 64 and the end of the
cylindrical tube 53. In another mode of implementation, (not , passages towards
the internal chamber 52 can also be made in the wall of the cylindrical tube 53. These
passages establish communication between different parts of the internal chamber,
corresponding to the different sorter-sections, and put the internal chamber in
ication with the interior of the rical tube 53. In this case, the canal 70 can
lead directly into an internal space 51 of the rical tube 53. The fitting 72 is
mounted on the second plug 64 through the intermediary of a revolving joint 74. It is
also connected to a fluid source 76 with controlled pressure, represented symbolically.
The source of fluid under pressure constitutes, or at least is part of, in this mode of
implementation, the l device of the diameter for the sorter-sections with adjustable
diameter. The source of pressure-controlled fluid 76 may be, for example, a tic
energy installation from a pit, with a pressure valve. It may also feature a compressor
and a pressurized air reservoir or a vacuum pump.
The fluid source may also feature an air distributor block and pressure rs so as to
supply with different pressures the various sorter rollers 12 or different sorter roller
groups 12.
Finally, the second plug 64 receives a g pinion 78 intended to drive the conveyorsorter
roller 12 in rotation. The driving pinion is connected to an electric or hydraulic
motor 80 represented symbolically by a chain or gear transmission for example. The
motor 80 may be equipped with a speed variator to vary the rotational speed of the
conveyor-sorter rollers 12.
When the source of pressure-controlled fluid 78 is above the atmospheric pressure the
fluid under pressure enters the internal chamber 52 of the conveyor-sorter roller in order
to expand the sleeve 54. The sleeve is inflated, like an air chamber. However, due to
the collars 32 which retain the sleeve 54 at the height of its grooves 58, the expansion
of the sleeve is limited to the sorter-sections 30 and in particular to the middle of the
sorter sections. This results nevertheless in an increase of the average diameter of the
sorter sections by deformation of the sleeve towards the exterior.
During a pressure release, the elasticity of the sleeve makes it find again its position
shown in figure 3, against the central shaft 50. In this case the diameter of the sortersections
shes. A decrease of the diameter of the sorter-sections can also be
achieved from a resting position away from the central shaft 50 and by applying a
re release to the internal r 52.
Figure 4 shows in perspective a n of a conveyor-sorter roller 12 in a form of
entation that is very close to figure 3, in a configuration where the canal 70,
visible on figure 3, leads to the al space 51 of the cylindrical tube 53. A tear-out
shows the sleeve 54 resting on the central shaft 50 formed by a cylindrical tube 53. The
space between the sleeve 54 and the wall of the central shaft 50 defines an internal
chamber 52. The tear-out makes it also le to see fluid passages 60, in particular
air passages which put the internal space 51 of the cylindrical tube 53 in fluid
communication with the internal r 52, and particularly its compartments
corresponding to the different sorter-sections 30.
Figure 4 also shows the collars 32 seated in the annular grooves 58 of the sleeve.
Finally, figure 4 shows reliefs 82 and 84 which equip respectively the -sections 30
and the ridges 34 of the collars 32. The function of the reliefs 82, 84 is to improve the
movement of the fruits to be sorted.
The reliefs 82 on the sorter-sections are ribs which extend along planes containing a
rotational axis 11 of the sorter roller 12. They are preferably made of the same material
as that of the sleeve 54. They may also be made of a harder material than that of the
sleeve 54. It may for e be the same plastic material as the collars 32. The ribs of
the sorter-sections also participate in the movement of the fruits across the screen of
the sorting table.
The reliefs 84 on the ridges of the s 32 are pins with a regular angular g.
They serve for the conveying of the crop or grape harvest to be sorted and ipate in
directing the debris by reducing the risk of their passing through the screen of the
sorting table.
Figure 5 shows another possibility of manufacturing conveyor-sorter rollers 12.
A tear-out of figure 5 shows that, contrary to figure 4, the collars 32 are no longer
mounted in the grooves of a sleeve forming sorter-sections. On figure 5 the collars 32
each present a cylindrical base 90 with an internal diameter adjusted to the central shaft
50. The central shaft 50 is here also constituted by a cylindrical tube 53 including an
internal space 51.
The cylindrical base 90 also has a function of spacing the collars 32. In effect the
different collars 32 are pressed on the central shaft 50, respectively with their cylindrical
bases 90 in contact. The collars 32 are thus at equal distance from each other.
The sorter-sections 30 are formed by r membranes 92 integral respectively with
two successive collars 32. The nes 92 present ends seated in annular grooves
94 made on either side of each collar 32 in the vicinity of its cylindrical base 90. They
form sheaths around the central shaft and present a symmetry of revolution. The space
sed between the annular membranes 92 and the cylindrical bases 90 of the
s 32 defines multiple internal chambers 52 corresponding respectively to sortersections
One can observe the presence of passages 60 made in both the cylindrical tube 53 of
the central shaft 50 and in the cylindrical bases 90 of the collars 32. The passages 60
make it possible to put in fluid communication the internal space 51 of the cylindrical
tube 53 with the different internal chambers 52 of the conveyor-sorter roller 12 and thus
with the internal face of the membranes 92.
When the internal chambers 52 are put under pressure, the pressurized fluid, for
example pressurized air, will expand the membranes 92. This has the effect of
increasing the average diameter of the sorter-sections 30. Since the ends of the
membranes 92 are ined in the annular grooves 94 of the collars, the nes
deform themselves ially in their nment.
Figure 6 shows yet another possibility of producing conveyor-sorter rollers 12.
The mode of implementation of figure 6 resembles that of figure 4 to the extent that the
sorter-sections 30 are formed by a sleeve 54 in a deformable c material. The
collars 32 are formed of one piece with the sleeve 54 and constitute excessive
thickness of the sleeve. The excessive thickness of the material forming the sleeve 54
has the effect of increasing its rigidity and to reduce the possibility of deformation for the
collars 32. The collars 32 are thus not deformed, or at least only very little deformed
when pressure is applied and when the diameter of the sorter-sections 30 is modified.
The central shaft 50, although it ts a symmetry of revolution, is not cylindrical. It
presents an undulated relief obtained, for example, by hydroforming. The relief of the
l shaft ponds to the alternation of the sorter-sections 30 and the collars 32.
This disposition ensures maintenance of the distance of the sorter-sections 30.
Figure 7 shows in a sectional view, perpendicularly to one of the sorter-sections of
figure 6, a detail of the sleeve 54 resting on the central shaft 50. One can e a
canal 61 provided in the sleeve 54 opposite a relief 82 of the . The canal 61 is
flush with an internal face of the sleeve 54. It extends axially along the sorter-sections
and passes under the collars 32 represented in figure 6. The canal 61 facilitates the
fluid communication of the sleeve 54 with the internal space 51 of the central shaft 50.
The canal 61 connects the different tments of the internal chamber 52
corresponding to the different -sections 30 of the conveyor-sorter roller 12. In this
way, it contributes to distributing the pressure in the different compartments of the
internal chamber 52 for a m increase in the diameter of all the sorter-sections,
especially at the beginning of a pressurization. After a diameter control pressure of the
sorter-sections has been established, the sleeve 54 rises from the central shaft and
constitutes itself a wall of the internal chamber 52 in the areas corresponding to the
-sections.
Figure 8 shows yet another possibility of producing conveyor-sorter rollers 12. It also
ressembles the mode of implementation of figure 4 to the extent that the wall of the
sorter-sections 30 is formed by a sleeve 54 which extends continuously on the central
shaft 50.
In the mode of implementation of figure 8, the collars are provided with soft annular lips
96 extending on both sides of the collar on the -sections 30. The soft lips 96 are
fixed in annular s 98 of the collars 32, in the ty of the sleeve 54. Theses
s are comparable to the grooves 94 seating the r membranes 92 of figure
Unlike the annular membranes 92 of figure 5, the annular lips 96 of figure 8 extend only
over a portion of the axial length of the sorter-sections 30. They rest on the external
face of the sleeve 54. The annular lips 96 accompany the deformation of the sortersections
during an adjustment of their diameter. This mode of implementation makes
for simpler manufacture, by extrusion for example, of the sleeve 54 and makes it
possible to regain a concave shape of the sorter-sections 30, a shape that is better
suited particularly to the conveying of long debris items such as leaf-stalks.
In an alternative mode of implementation not shown here, the -sections 30 can be
formed by associating a sleeve 54 and similar collars 32 with those of figure 8, but not
ing additional annular lips 96. This solution is more economical and allows
simplifying the g operation of the or-sorter rollers.
Figure 9 shows a possibility of implementation of a conveyor-sorter roller 12 in which
the control device of the diameter of the sorter-sections does not use a pressurecontrolled
fluid for varying the er of the sorter-sections 30, but mechanical
actuation shaft.
Like the conveyor-sorter roller of figures 3 and 4, the conveyor-sorter roller 12 of figure
9 presents a central shaft 50 d by a sleeve 54 forming essentially the sortersections
. Collars 32 are seated in grooves 38. They form with the sorter-sections 30
an alternating succession according to a succession pattern. In the example of figure 9
the pattern of succession is regular. Thus the sorter-sections 30 all have the same
length and the collars 32 are regularly spaced along the axis 11 of the .
Inside the central shaft 50 is a concentric actuating shaft 100. The actuating shaft 100 is
provided with a plurality of humps 102 arranged on the one hand according to the same
succession pattern as the sorter-sections and the s and on the other hand spread
angularly in a uniform way in a plane perpendicular to the axis 11 of the conveyor-sorter
roller. In other words, the spacing of the humps 102 along the axis 102 corresponds
here to that of the collars 32 and also of the sorter-sections 30. The humps 102 traverse
the central shaft 50 in elongated slots 110 provided for this purpose.
The ing shaft 100 presents, relative to the central shaft 50, the ability to slide
indicated by a dual arrow 104. The ing shaft can thus slide between a first
position in which the humps 102 are located in a seat 106 in the vicinity of the collars
32, at the edge of the -sections 30, and a second position in which the humps 102
are essentially aligned with the middle of the sorter-sections 30.
In the first position which is the one visible on figure 9, the humps do not interact with
the sleeve 54. For each sorter-section 30 the sleeve 54 presents, along the axis 11 of
the conveyor-sorter roller. A concavity the center of which coincides ially with the
middle of the sorter-section 30.
In the second position the humps 102 of the actuating shaft raise the wall of the sortersections
in their middle, relative to the axis 11. This lifting action has the effect of
increasing the diameter of the sorter-sections, namely by reducing or eliminating their
concavity.
The actuating shaft of the conveyor-sorter rollers can be moved between the first
position and the second position, for example, by an electromagnetic control, a
mechanical l, a pneumatic control or a hydraulic control, for the adjustment of the
diameter of the sorter-sections and thus of the opening of the screen of the sorting table
equipped with it. These elements are part of the control device of the er of the
sorter-sections with adjustable diameter.
Claims (18)
1) Sorting table (10) with adjustable screen, for fruits, ing a succession of conveyor-sorter rollers (12) arranged along a sorting plane, and parallel to each other, the conveyor-sorter rollers each presenting at least one sorter-section (30), a spacing (36) being provided respectively n sorter-section (30) facing each other, of successive conveyor-sorter rollers (12) for a selective passage across the table, through said spacing, characterized in that it includes or-sorter rollers provided with sorter-sections (30) with adjustable diameter and a control device (76, 100, 102) for the diameter of the sorter-sections with adjustable diameter.
2) Sorting table according to claim 1, in which the sorter-sections with adjustable diameter feature a deformable wall (54, 92, 96).
3) Sorting table according to claim 2, in which the control device of the er of the sorter-sections with adjustable diameter includes a source (76) of pressurecontrolled fluid respectively with at least one internal chamber (52) of the conveyorsorter rollers (12) ed with sorter-sections (30) with adjustable diameter, the internal chamber (52) being in fluid communication with the deformable wall (54, 92, 96).
4) Sorting table according to claim 3, in which the deformable wall (54, 92, 96) constitutes a wall of the internal chamber (52).
5) Sorting table according to claim 3, in which the internal chamber (52) presents a rigid wall (53), the deformable wall (54, 92, 96) g a sheath around the rigid wall..
6) Sorting table according to one of claims 2 to 5, in which the conveyor-sorter rollers (12) feature a plurality of sorter-sections (30) arranged along a roller axis (11), the sorter-sections being tively separated by annular collars (32) protruding on the sorter-sections (30).
7) Sorting table according to claim 6, in which the annular collars (32) of adjacent conveyor-sorter rollers (12) separating opposite -sections, are essentially aligned along planes (35) perpendicular to the conveyor-sorter rollers, and present essentially adjacent ridges (34).
8) g table ing to claim 6, in which the annular collars (32) are mounted on a l shaft (50).
9) Sorting table according to claim 8, in which the sorter-sections (30) feature respectively a membrane (92) d between two successive annular collars (32), the nes of the sorter-sections forming said deformable wall.
10) Sorting table ing to claim 8, in which the annular collars (32) present respectively a rical base (90) essentially adjusted to the central shaft (50), the cylindrical base forming a spacer between the annular collars (32).
11) Sorting table according to one of claims 2 to 10, in which the conveyor-sorter rollers (12) feature a sleeve (54) forming the deformable wall respectively of a plurality of sorter-sections (30).
12) Sorting table according to claim 11, in which the sleeve (54) presents areas of excessive ess forming the r collars (32).
13) Sorting table according to claim 11, in which the sleeve (54) presents annular grooves (58), the annular collars (32) being recessed in the annular s (58).
14) Sorting table according to claim 6, in which the annular collars (32) present at least one flexible annular lip (96) coming to rest on an adjacent sorter-section (30).
15) Sorting table according to one of claims 2 to 14, in which the sorter-sections (30) present reliefs (82).
16) Sorting table according to claim 15, in which the reliefs (82) are made of a material that is harder than the deformable wall (54, 92, 96).
17) Sorting table according to claim 2, including conveyor-sorter s with alternating succession, according to a succession pattern, sorter-sections (30) and protruding annular collars (32) separating the sorter-sections, and in which the control device for the diameter of the sorter-sections with adjustable diameter includes an internal actuating shaft (100) concentric to the deformable wall (54, 92, 96) of the sortersections (30) and to the annular s (32), the actuating shaft being provided with humps (102) spaced according to the succession n and presenting respectively relative to the deformable wall (54, 92, 96) relative to the sortersections (30) and relative to the annular collars (32), an y of axial sliding between a first position in which the annular humps are received in seats (106) adjacent to the annular collars and at least one second position in which the humps coincide with the sorter-sections.
18) g table according to claim 1 in which the conveyor-sorter rollers include: - Cylindrical central shaft presenting a first diameter, - annular collars arranged along the central shaft, by providing tively n them spacings and in which the control device of the diameter of the sorter-sections with adjustable diameter includes: - a plurality of coaxial sleeves to the central shaft, presenting a second diameter larger than the first er and presenting ve to the central shaft, an ability of sliding between a first position in which the sleeves are retracted under the conveying s, and a second position in which the sleeves extend themselves in the spaces between the collars, the -sections being formed selectively by either the central shaft or the sleeves in the second position.
Applications Claiming Priority (3)
Application Number | Priority Date | Filing Date | Title |
---|---|---|---|
FR1660277A FR3057787B1 (en) | 2016-10-24 | 2016-10-24 | ADJUSTABLE SORTING TABLE |
FR16/60277 | 2016-10-24 | ||
PCT/FR2017/052571 WO2018078229A1 (en) | 2016-10-24 | 2017-09-25 | Sorting table with adjustable screen |
Publications (2)
Publication Number | Publication Date |
---|---|
NZ752608A NZ752608A (en) | 2020-10-30 |
NZ752608B2 true NZ752608B2 (en) | 2021-02-02 |
Family
ID=
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