NZ749317B2 - Methods for treating seeds with an aqueous compostion and seeds treated therewith - Google Patents

Methods for treating seeds with an aqueous compostion and seeds treated therewith Download PDF

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Publication number
NZ749317B2
NZ749317B2 NZ749317A NZ74931717A NZ749317B2 NZ 749317 B2 NZ749317 B2 NZ 749317B2 NZ 749317 A NZ749317 A NZ 749317A NZ 74931717 A NZ74931717 A NZ 74931717A NZ 749317 B2 NZ749317 B2 NZ 749317B2
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NZ
New Zealand
Prior art keywords
seed
corn
polyurethane
weight
acid
Prior art date
Application number
NZ749317A
Other versions
NZ749317A (en
Inventor
Abdullah Ekin
Scott Grace
William S Hanson
Jinqi Li
Timothy Pike
Ronald Reichert
Colon James A Thompson
Original Assignee
Bayer Cropscience Lp
Covestro Llc
Filing date
Publication date
Priority claimed from US15/206,668 external-priority patent/US10653135B2/en
Application filed by Bayer Cropscience Lp, Covestro Llc filed Critical Bayer Cropscience Lp
Publication of NZ749317A publication Critical patent/NZ749317A/en
Publication of NZ749317B2 publication Critical patent/NZ749317B2/en

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Classifications

    • A—HUMAN NECESSITIES
    • A01—AGRICULTURE; FORESTRY; ANIMAL HUSBANDRY; HUNTING; TRAPPING; FISHING
    • A01N—PRESERVATION OF BODIES OF HUMANS OR ANIMALS OR PLANTS OR PARTS THEREOF; BIOCIDES, e.g. AS DISINFECTANTS, AS PESTICIDES OR AS HERBICIDES; PEST REPELLANTS OR ATTRACTANTS; PLANT GROWTH REGULATORS
    • A01N25/00—Biocides, pest repellants or attractants, or plant growth regulators, characterised by their forms, or by their non-active ingredients or by their methods of application, e.g. seed treatment or sequential application; Substances for reducing the noxious effect of the active ingredients to organisms other than pests
    • A—HUMAN NECESSITIES
    • A01—AGRICULTURE; FORESTRY; ANIMAL HUSBANDRY; HUNTING; TRAPPING; FISHING
    • A01N—PRESERVATION OF BODIES OF HUMANS OR ANIMALS OR PLANTS OR PARTS THEREOF; BIOCIDES, e.g. AS DISINFECTANTS, AS PESTICIDES OR AS HERBICIDES; PEST REPELLANTS OR ATTRACTANTS; PLANT GROWTH REGULATORS
    • A01N25/00—Biocides, pest repellants or attractants, or plant growth regulators, characterised by their forms, or by their non-active ingredients or by their methods of application, e.g. seed treatment or sequential application; Substances for reducing the noxious effect of the active ingredients to organisms other than pests
    • A01N25/08—Biocides, pest repellants or attractants, or plant growth regulators, characterised by their forms, or by their non-active ingredients or by their methods of application, e.g. seed treatment or sequential application; Substances for reducing the noxious effect of the active ingredients to organisms other than pests containing solids as carriers or diluents
    • A01N25/10—Macromolecular compounds
    • A—HUMAN NECESSITIES
    • A01—AGRICULTURE; FORESTRY; ANIMAL HUSBANDRY; HUNTING; TRAPPING; FISHING
    • A01N—PRESERVATION OF BODIES OF HUMANS OR ANIMALS OR PLANTS OR PARTS THEREOF; BIOCIDES, e.g. AS DISINFECTANTS, AS PESTICIDES OR AS HERBICIDES; PEST REPELLANTS OR ATTRACTANTS; PLANT GROWTH REGULATORS
    • A01N25/00—Biocides, pest repellants or attractants, or plant growth regulators, characterised by their forms, or by their non-active ingredients or by their methods of application, e.g. seed treatment or sequential application; Substances for reducing the noxious effect of the active ingredients to organisms other than pests
    • A01N25/30—Biocides, pest repellants or attractants, or plant growth regulators, characterised by their forms, or by their non-active ingredients or by their methods of application, e.g. seed treatment or sequential application; Substances for reducing the noxious effect of the active ingredients to organisms other than pests characterised by the surfactants
    • A—HUMAN NECESSITIES
    • A01—AGRICULTURE; FORESTRY; ANIMAL HUSBANDRY; HUNTING; TRAPPING; FISHING
    • A01N—PRESERVATION OF BODIES OF HUMANS OR ANIMALS OR PLANTS OR PARTS THEREOF; BIOCIDES, e.g. AS DISINFECTANTS, AS PESTICIDES OR AS HERBICIDES; PEST REPELLANTS OR ATTRACTANTS; PLANT GROWTH REGULATORS
    • A01N37/00—Biocides, pest repellants or attractants, or plant growth regulators containing organic compounds containing a carbon atom having three bonds to hetero atoms with at the most two bonds to halogen, e.g. carboxylic acids
    • A01N37/44—Biocides, pest repellants or attractants, or plant growth regulators containing organic compounds containing a carbon atom having three bonds to hetero atoms with at the most two bonds to halogen, e.g. carboxylic acids containing at least one carboxylic group or a thio analogue, or a derivative thereof, and a nitrogen atom attached to the same carbon skeleton by a single or double bond, this nitrogen atom not being a member of a derivative or of a thio analogue of a carboxylic group, e.g. amino-carboxylic acids
    • A01N37/50—Biocides, pest repellants or attractants, or plant growth regulators containing organic compounds containing a carbon atom having three bonds to hetero atoms with at the most two bonds to halogen, e.g. carboxylic acids containing at least one carboxylic group or a thio analogue, or a derivative thereof, and a nitrogen atom attached to the same carbon skeleton by a single or double bond, this nitrogen atom not being a member of a derivative or of a thio analogue of a carboxylic group, e.g. amino-carboxylic acids the nitrogen atom being doubly bound to the carbon skeleton
    • A—HUMAN NECESSITIES
    • A01—AGRICULTURE; FORESTRY; ANIMAL HUSBANDRY; HUNTING; TRAPPING; FISHING
    • A01N—PRESERVATION OF BODIES OF HUMANS OR ANIMALS OR PLANTS OR PARTS THEREOF; BIOCIDES, e.g. AS DISINFECTANTS, AS PESTICIDES OR AS HERBICIDES; PEST REPELLANTS OR ATTRACTANTS; PLANT GROWTH REGULATORS
    • A01N43/00—Biocides, pest repellants or attractants, or plant growth regulators containing heterocyclic compounds
    • A01N43/64—Biocides, pest repellants or attractants, or plant growth regulators containing heterocyclic compounds having rings with three nitrogen atoms as the only ring hetero atoms
    • A01N43/647—Triazoles; Hydrogenated triazoles
    • A01N43/653—1,2,4-Triazoles; Hydrogenated 1,2,4-triazoles
    • A—HUMAN NECESSITIES
    • A01—AGRICULTURE; FORESTRY; ANIMAL HUSBANDRY; HUNTING; TRAPPING; FISHING
    • A01N—PRESERVATION OF BODIES OF HUMANS OR ANIMALS OR PLANTS OR PARTS THEREOF; BIOCIDES, e.g. AS DISINFECTANTS, AS PESTICIDES OR AS HERBICIDES; PEST REPELLANTS OR ATTRACTANTS; PLANT GROWTH REGULATORS
    • A01N43/00—Biocides, pest repellants or attractants, or plant growth regulators containing heterocyclic compounds
    • A01N43/72—Biocides, pest repellants or attractants, or plant growth regulators containing heterocyclic compounds having rings with nitrogen atoms and oxygen or sulfur atoms as ring hetero atoms
    • A01N43/74—Biocides, pest repellants or attractants, or plant growth regulators containing heterocyclic compounds having rings with nitrogen atoms and oxygen or sulfur atoms as ring hetero atoms five-membered rings with one nitrogen atom and either one oxygen atom or one sulfur atom in positions 1,3
    • A01N43/78—1,3-Thiazoles; Hydrogenated 1,3-thiazoles

Abstract

Disclosed are methods for treating seeds with a seed treatment composition that includes: (A) an aqueous polyurethane dispersion; and (B) an insecticide, a fungicide, a nematicide, and/or other pesticides. Also disclosed are seeds treated with such a treatment compositions and methods for treating a seed using such treatment composition.

Description

METHODS FOR TREATING SEEDS WITH AN A UEOUS COMPOSITION AND SEEDS TREATED THEREWITH FIELD The present invention relates to methods for treating seeds with an aqueous composition that includes a polyurethane dispersion and seeds treated therewith.
BACKGROUND ATION Vacuum planters are often used to plant any of a variety of seeds, including seeds with odd shapes, such as corn seeds, pumpkin seeds, soybean seeds, among others. These planters have vertical plates with holes that are smaller than the seeds being planted. The planter draws a vacuum on the side of the plate te the ner in which the seeds are . When the plate rotates through the storage container, atmospheric pressure holds seeds against the holes and allows the rotating plate to pick up seeds. As the plate rotates around past the seed tube, the vacuum is broken, allowing the seeds to drop down a seed tube.
There are several important features associated with the use of, in ular, vacuum plants, in the planting of seeds. First, vacuum planters have a tendency to release a certain amount of seed dust during planting. This dust may e active ingredients, such as insecticides, nematicides, fungicides, and other pesticides that have been combined with the seed. The loss of such active ients during planting is undesirable. Second, is seed singulation. Seed singulation refers to the y of a planter to take one seed at a time off the vertical plate and drop it down the seed tube. Maximizing seed singulation is also important. Skipped seed drops can create a loss within the planting row, while doubles increase population and cause the plants to struggle for nutrients and sunlight. Historically, small differences in seed type can affect singulation percentage. Third, it is important that the seed have a good ability to ?ow from the seed hopper to the seed meter reservoir. Good seed ?ow characteristics allow for longer operating time per hopper fill and reduces mechanical wear on planter parts, thus extending the operating life of the planter.
To s these issues, a polymer binder and/or lubricant is often ed with the active ingredients in the treatment of seeds to bind the active ingredient to the seed. Seeds treated in such a manner can have reduced dust and sed percent singulation and flow during planting, particularly vacuum planting, relative to when a polymer binder is not used.
Historically, this polymer binder has been a efin, such as a carboxylated styrene/butadiene dispersion.
A drawback to the use such polyolefin binders, however, is that they are not biodegradable and, as a , can accumulate in the soil. As a result, it would be desirable to provide an alternative to such seed treatments that perform in a comparable manner and which are at least partially disintegrable by moisture in the soil.
SUMMARY In some respects, the present invention is directed to methods for treating a seed, comprising applying to the seed a seed treatment composition that comprises: (A) an aqueous polyester-polyurethane dispersion; and (B) an insecticide, a fungicide, a nematicide, and/or other pesticides. In these itions, the aqueous polyurethane dispersion forms a film exhibiting: (a) a microhardness of 4 to 34 N/mm2; (b) a Tg of -79°C to -4°C, (c) a percent elongation of 44 to 300, and (d) a tensile th of 2500 lb/in2 (17.2 megapascal (MPa)) to 5600 lb/in2 (38.6 MPa). Moreover, in these methods, the seed comprises corn seed, sorghum seed, oat seed, rye seed, barley seed, n seed, vegetable seed, wheat seed, sugarbeat seed, rice, sunflower seed, e seed, and/or spinach seed.
The present ion is also directed to, among other things, seeds, such as, but not limited to, corn seeds, treated by such a method. [0007a] In particular the present invention is directed to: 1. A method for treating a seed, comprising applying to the seed an aqueous seed treatment composition comprising: (A) an aqueous polyester-polyurethane sion; and (B) one or more insecticides, fungicides, nematicides and/or other pesticides, wherein (followed by 2A) (1) the s polyurethane dispersion forms a film exhibiting: (a) a microhardness of 4 to 34 N/mm2; (b) a Tg of -79°C to -4°C, (c) a percent elongation of 44 to 300, and (d) a tensile strength of 2500 lb/in2 (17.2 MPa) to 5600 lb/in2 (38.6 MPa), and (2) the seed comprises one selected from the group consisting of corn seed, sorghum seed, oat seed, rye seed, barley seed, soybean seed, vegetable seed, wheat seed, eat seed, rice, sunflower seed, lettuce seed, and spinach seed, wherein the aqueous polyester-polyurethane dispersion ses a mixture at least two aqueous polyurethane dispersions, wherein the at least two polyurethanes are the reaction products of reactants comprising: (i) a ocyanate; (ii) a polyester polyol having a number average molecular weight of 400 to 8,000 g/mol; (iii) a compound comprising at least one isocyanate-reactive group and an anionic group or potentially anionic group; (iv) a mono functional polyalkylene ether; (v) a polyol having a lar weight of less than <400 g/mol; and (vi) a polyamine or amino alcohol having a molecular weight of from 32 to 400 g/mol, wherein the at least two aqueous polyurethane dispersions comprise (A) an anionic aliphatic polyester-polyurethane that is a reaction product of components (i), (ii), (iii), (v), and (vi), and an anionic aliphatic ter-polyurethane, different from (A), that is a reaction product of components (i), (ii), (iii), (v), and (vi) and further ses (C) an anionic/non-ionic polyester ethane that is different from (A) and (B) and is a reaction product of components (i), (ii), (iii), (iv), and (vi) and wherein the weight ratio of (A), (B) and (C) in the composition is such that (A+B)/(C) is greater than 1. 2. The method of 1, wherein: (a) the microhardness is 4 to 25 N/mm2, (b) the Tg is -48°C to -30°C, and/or (followed by 2B) (c) the percent elongation is 100 to 300. 3. The method of 1, wherein the polyester polyol is a reaction product of butanediol and/or neopentyl glycol and/or hexanediol with adipic acid and/or phthalic acid. 4. The method of any one of 1 to 3, wherein the aqueous ition further ses a polyethylene wax.
. The method of 1, wherein the seed comprises a corn seed selected from the group consisting of sweet corn, silver queen corn, golden , early sunglow, Indian corn, sugar corn, pole corn, field corn, dent corn, flint corn, flour corn, blue corn, popcorn and waxy corn. 6. A seed treated according to the method of any one of 1 to 5. 7. The seed of 6, wherein the seed comprises corn seed. 8. The seed of 7, wherein the corn seed is selected from the group consisting of sweet corn, silver queen corn, golden bantam, early sunglow, Indian corn, sugar corn, pole corn, field corn, dent corn, flint corn, flour corn, blue corn, popcorn and waxy corn. 9. A seed treated according to the method of 2.
. The seed of 9, wherein the seed comprises a corn seed selected from the group consisting of sweet corn, silver queen corn, golden bantam, early sunglow, Indian corn, sugar corn, pole corn, field corn, dent corn, flint corn, flour corn, blue corn, n and waxy corn. (followed by 3) It is understood that the invention disclosed and described in this ication is not d to the embodiments summarized in this Summary. The reader will appreciate the foregoing details, as well as others, upon considering the following detailed description of various non-limiting and non-exhaustive embodiments ing to this specification.
DETAILED DESCRIPTION Various embodiments are described and illustrated herein to provide an overall understanding of the structure, function, operation, manufacture, and use of the disclosed products and processes. The various embodiments described and illustrated herein are non-limiting and non- exhaustive. Thus, the invention is not limited by the description of the various non-limiting and non-exhaustive embodiments sed herein. Rather, the invention is defined solely by the claims. The es and characteristics illustrated and/or described in connection with various embodiments may be combined with the features and characteristics of other embodiments. Such modifications and variations are intended to be included within the scope of this specification. As such, the claims may be amended to recite any features or characteristics expressly or inherently bed in, or otherwise expressly or inherently supported by, this specification. Further, Applicant reserves the right to amend the claims to affirmatively disclaim features or characteristics that may be present in the prior art. Therefore, any such amendments comply with the requirements of 35 U.S.C. § 112 and 35 U.S.C. § 132(a). The various embodiments sed and bed in this specification can comprise, consist of, or consist essentially of the features and characteristics as variously described herein.
Any patent, publication, or other disclosure material ?ed herein is incorporated herein by reference in its entirety unless otherwise indicated, but only to the extent that the orated material does not t with ng definitions, statements, or other disclosure material expressly set forth in this specification. As such, and to the extent necessary, the express sure as set forth in this specification supersedes any con?icting material incorporated by reference herein. Any material, or portion thereof, that is said to be orated by reference into this specification, but which con?icts with existing definitions, statements, or other disclosure material set forth , is only incorporated to the extent that no con?ict arises between that incorporated material and the existing disclosure material. Applicant reserves the right to amend this specification to expressly recite any subject matter, or portion thereof, incorporated by reference herein.
Reference herein to "certain embodiments’5 4‘ some embodiments", "various non-limiting embodiments," or the like, means that a particular feature or teristic may be included in an embodiment. Thus, use of such phrases, and similar phrases, herein does not necessarily refer to a common ment, and may refer to different embodiments. Further, the particular features or characteristics may be combined in any suitable manner in one or more embodiments. Thus, the ular features or characteristics illustrated or described in connection with various embodiments may be combined, in whole or in part, with the features or characteristics of one or more other embodiments.
Such modifications and variations are intended to be included within the scope of the present ication. In this manner, the various embodiments described in this specification are non-limiting and non-exhaustive.
In this ication, unless otherwise ted, all numerical parameters are to be understood as being prefaced and modified in all instances by the term "about", in which the cal parameters possess the inherent variability characteristic of the underlying measurement techniques used to ine the cal value of the parameter. At the very least, and not as an attempt to limit the ation of the doctrine of equivalents to the scope of the claims, each numerical parameter described herein should at least be construed in light of the number of reported significant digits and by applying ordinary rounding techniques.
Also, any numerical range recited herein es all sub-ranges ed within the recited range. For example, a range of "1 to 10" includes all sub-ranges between (and ing) the recited minimum value of l and the recited maximum value of 10, that is, having a minimum value equal to or greater than 1 and a maximum value equal to or less than 10. Any maximum numerical limitation recited in this specification is ed to e all lower numerical tions subsumed n and any minimum numerical limitation d in this specification is intended to include all higher numerical limitations subsumed therein. Accordingly, Applicant reserves the right to amend this ication, including the claims, to sly recite any sub-range subsumed within the ranges expressly recited. All such ranges are inherently described in this specification such that ng to expressly recite any such sub-ranges would comply with the requirements of 35 U.S.C. §112 and 35 U.S.C. §132(a).
The grammatical articles "a", "an", and "the", as used herein, are intended to include "at least one" or "one or more", unless otherwise indicated, even if "at least one" or "one or more" is expressly used in certain instances.
Thus, the articles are used herein to refer to one or more than one (i.e., to "at least one") of the grammatical objects of the article. Further, the use of a singular noun includes the plural, and the use of a plural noun includes the singular, unless the context of the usage requires otherwise.
As used herein, "polymer" encompasses prepolymers, oligomers and both lymers and copolymers; the prefix "poly" in this context referring to two or more. As used herein, "molecular weight", when used in reference to a polymer, refers to the number average molecular weight ("Mn"), unless otherwise specified. As used herein, the Mn of a polymer containing functional groups, such as a polyol, can be calculated from the functional group number, such as hydroxyl number, which is determined by end-group analysis.
As used herein, the term "binder" refers to a polymer, such as carboxylated styrene/butadiene, which is dispersed in water.
As used herein, the term "aliphatic" refers to organic compounds characterized by substituted or un-substituted straight, branched, and/or cyclic chain arrangements of constituent carbon atoms. Aliphatic compounds do not contain aromatic rings as part of the molecular structure thereof. As used herein, the term "cycloaliphatic" refers to organic compounds characterized by arrangement of carbon atoms in closed ring structures. Cycloaliphatic nds do not contain aromatic rings as part of the molecular structure thereof.
Therefore, cycloaliphatic compounds are a subset of tic nds.
Therefore, the term "aliphatic" encompasses aliphatic compounds and/or cycloaliphatic compounds.
As used herein, cyanate" refers to a compound containing two isocyanate groups. As used herein, "polyisocyanate" refers to a compound ning two or more isocyanate groups. Hence, diisocyanates are a subset of polyisocyanates.
As previously indicated, certain embodiments of the present invention are directed to methods of treating seeds with a seed treatment composition. As used herein, the term "seed treatment composition" refers to a mixture of chemical components that will provide insecticidal, fungicidal, cidal, and/or other pesticidal properties when applied to the surface of a seed.
As indicated, the seed ent compositions described herein comprise an aqueous polyester-polyurethane dispersion. As used herein, the term "aqueous ter-polyurethane dispersion" means a sion of polyesterpolyurethane particles in a continuous phase comprising water. As used herein, the term "polyurethane" refers to any polymer or oligomer comprising urethane (i.e., carbamate) groups, urea groups, or both. Thus, the term "polyurethane" as used herein refers collectively to polyurethanes, eas, and polymers containing both urethane and urea groups, unless otherwise indicated. As used herein, "polyester" refers to any polymer or oligomer comprising ester groups. As used herein, "polyester—polyurethane" refers to any polymer or oligomer comprising polyester and polyurethane.
The aqueous polyester-polyurethane dispersion used in the compositions of the present invention is selected so as to form a film exhibiting: (a) a microhardness of 4 to 34 N/mmz, such as 4 to 25 N/mmz; (b) a Tg of —790C to -4°C, such as -500C to -25°C, (c) a t elongation of 44 to 300, such as 100 to 300, and (d) a tensile th of 2500 lb/in2 (17.2 megapascal (MPa)) to 5600 lb/in2 (38.6 MPa), such as 2500 lb/in2 (17.2 MPa) to 5100 lb/in2 (35.2 MPa).
Microhardness, Tg, percent elongation, and tensile strength of a film formed from an aqueous polyurethane dispersion, for purposes of the present invention, are determined according to the methods that are described in the Examples below. It will be understood that the ing film properties refer to the film properties of a film formed from the aqueous polyurethane dispersion itself, which is thereafter used as a ent in a seed treatment ition of the present ion, rather than the properties of a seed treatment composition itself.
It has been surprisingly discovered that when an aqueous polyurethane dispersion (or mixture of two or more aqueous polyurethane sions) that forms a film exhibiting such properties is used in a method of the type described herein, the dust emissions, the percent singulation and ?ow characteristics may be comparable when an identical treatment composition is used in an identical method in which a polyolefin latex, such as a carboxylated styrene/butadiene polymer, is used as the polymeric component of the composition rather than the aqueous polyurethane sion, determined when comparing the same type of seed. The added advantage of the present invention is that the aqueous polyurethane dispersions used in the seed treatment composition of the methods of present invention can be biodegradable because it ns a significant polyester component that is degradable h hydrolysis and by lipases present in soil.
In n embodiments, the aqueous polyurethane dispersion that is used in the seed treatment compositions disclosed herein comprises one or more polyurethanes that are the on product of reactants comprising, consisting essentially of, or, in some cases, consisting of: (i) a polyisocyanate; (ii) a polyester polyol having a number average molecular weight ("Mn") of 400 to 8,000 g/mol; (iii) a compound comprising at least one nate-reactive group and an anionic group or potentially anionic group; (iv) optionally a mono functional kylene ether; (v) optionally a polyol having a molecular weight of less than <400 g/mol, and (vi) optionally a polyamine or amino alcohol having a molecular weight of from 32 to 400 g/mol; provided that the reactants and their respective amounts are selected so that a film formed from the polyurethane or mixture of polyurethanes exhibits: (a) a microhardness of 4 to 34 N/mmz, such as 4 to 25 N/mmz; (b) a Tg of -79°C to -40C, such as -500C to -250C, (c) a % elongation of 44 to 300, such as 100 to 300, and (d) a tensile strength of 2500 lbiin2 (17.2 MPa) to 5600 lbiin2 (38.6 MPa), such as 2500 lb/in2 (17.2 MPa) to 5100 lb/in2 (35.2 MPa).
Suitable ocyanates (i) include ic, araliphatic, aliphatic and liphatic polyisocyanates, such as, for example, 1,4-butylene diisocyanate, l,6-hexamethylene diisocyanate (HDI), pentamethylene diisocyanate (PDI), isophorone diisocyanate (IPDI), 224- and/or 2,4,4—trimethyl- hexamethylene diisocyanate, the isomeric bis-(4,4'-isocyanato- cyclohexyl)methanes or mixtures thereof of any desired isomer content, l,4— cyclohexylene diisocyanate, eny1ene diisocyanate, 2,4- and/or 2,6-toluene diisocyanate or hydrogenated 24— and/or 2,6-toluene diisocyanate, 1,5- naphthalene diisocyanate, 2,4'— and/or 4,4'-diphenylmethane yanate, 1,3- and l,4-bis—(2-isocyanato—propyl)—benzene (TMXDI), l,3—bis(isocyanato- methyl)benzene (XDI), (S)-alkyl 2,6-diisocyanato-hexanoates or (L)-alkyl 2,6- diisocyanatohexanoates.
Polyisocyanates having a functionality >2 can also be used if desired. Such polyisocyanates include modified diisocyanates having a uretdione, isocyanurate, ne, anate, biuret, iminooxadiazinedione and/or oxadiazinetrione structure, as well as unmodified polyisocyanates having more than 2 NCO groups per molecule, for example 4—isocyanatomethy1—1,8-octane diisocyanate (nonane triisocyanate) or triphenylmethane-4,4',4"-triisocyanate.
In some embodiments of the present invention, polyisocyanates or ocyanate mixtures containing only aliphatically and/or cycloaliphatically bonded isocyanate groups are used that have a mean functionality of from 2 to 4, such as 2 to 2.6 or 2 to 2.4.
In certain embodiments, component (i) is used in an amount of at least 5% by weight, such as at least 10 or at least 20% by weight and/or no more than 60% by weight, such as no more than 50 or, in some cases, no more than 45% by weight, based on the total weight of reactants used to make the polyurethane.
Polyester polyols (ii) have a molecular weight Mn of from 400 to 8000 g/mol, such as 400 to 6000 g/mol or, in some cases, 500 to 3000 g/mol, 1000 to 3000 g/mol or 1500 to 3000 g/mol. In certain embodiments, these polymeric polyols have a hydroxyl number of from 20 to 400 mg KOH/g of substance, such as 20 to 300 mg KOH/g of substance, 20 to 200 mg KOH/g of substance or 20 to 100 mg KOH/g of substance. In certain embodiments, these ric polyols have a yl functionality of 1.5 to 6, such as 1.8 to 3 or 1.9 to 2.1. As will be appreciated, the Mn of a polymer containing functional groups, such as a polyol, can, as discussed earlier, be calculated from the functional group number, such as yl number, which is determined by end-group analysis. "Hydroxyl number", as used herein, is determined according to DIN 53240.
Exemplary polyester polyols are the polycondensation products of di- as well as optionally tri- and tetra-ols and di- as well as optionally tri- and tetra-carboxylic acids or ycarboxylic acids or lactones. d of the free polycarboxylic acids it is also possible to use the corresponding polycarboxylic acid anhydrides or corresponding rboxylic acid esters of lower alcohols to prepare the ters. Examples of suitable diols are ne glycol, butylene glycol, diethylene glycol, triethylene glycol, polyalkylene glycols such as polyethylene glycol, further 1,2—propanediol, 1,3—propanediol, tanediol, 1,4- diol, l,6-hexanediol and s, 1,8-octanediol, tyl glycol, 1,4- bishydroxymethylcyclohexane, 2-methy1-1,3-propanediol, trimethyl-1,3- ediol, dipropylene glycol, polypropylene glycols, dibutylene glycol, polybutylene glycols, bisphenol A, tetrabromobisphenol A, lactone-modified diols, or hydroxypivalic acid neopentyl glycol ester. In order to achieve a functionality >2, polyols having a functionality of 3 can optionally be used proportionately, for example trimethylolpropane, glycerol, itol, pentaerythritol, trimethylolbenzene or trishydroxyethyl isocyanurate.
Suitable dicarboxylic acids are, for example, phthalic acid, isophthalic acid, terephthalic acid, tetrahydrophthalic acid, hexahydrophthalic acid, cyclohexane-dicarboxylic acid, adipic acid, azelaic acid, sebacic acid, glutaric acid, tetrachlorophthalic acid, maleic acid, fumaric acid, itaconic acid, malonic acid, suberic acid, 2-methylsuccinic acid, 3,3-diethylglutaric acid, and/or 2,2-dimethylsuccinic acid. Anhydrides of those acids can likewise be used, where they exist. Thus, for the purposes of the present invention, anhydrides are included in the sion "acid". Monocarboxylic acids, such as c acid and hexanecarboxylic acid, can also be used, provided that the mean functionality of the polyol is 22. Saturated aliphatic or aromatic acids can be used, such as adipic acid or halic acid. Trimellitic acid is a polycarboxylic acid which can also optionally be used.
Hydroxycarboxylic acids which can be used as reactants in the preparation of a polyester polyol having terminal hydroxyl groups are, for example, hydroxycaproic acid, hydroxybutyric acid, hydroxydecanoic acid, hydroxystearic acid and the like. Suitable lactones are, for example, 3- caprolactone, lactone and their homologues.
In certain embodiments of the present invention, r polyol (ii) comprises or, in some cases, consists essentially of or consists of a polyester diol that is a reaction product of butanediol and/or neopentyl glycol and/or hexanediol and/or ne glycol and/or diethylene glycol with adipic acid and/or phthalic acid and/or isophthalic acid, such as polyester polyols that are a reaction product of butanediol and/or neopentyl glycol and/or hexanediol with adipic acid and/or phthalic acid.
Suitable polyester polyols, such as the foregoing polyester diols, often have a hydroxyl functionality of 1.5 to 6.0, such as 1.8 to 3.0, a hydroxyl number of 20 to 700 mg KOH/g solid, such as 20 to 100, 20 to 80 or, in some cases 40 to 80 mg KOH/g solid, and/or a Mn of 500 to 3000 g/mol, such as 600 to 2500 g/mol.
Exemplary polymeric s that may also be used in combination with the polyester polyols described above, if desired, include, for example, polyacrylate polyols, polyurethane s, polycarbonate polyols, polyether polyols, polyester polyacrylate s, ethane polyacrylate polyols, polyurethane polyester polyols, polyurethane polyether polyols, polyurethane rbonate polyols, polyester polycarbonate polyols, /formaldehyde resins, on their own or in mixtures.
Suitable polyether polyols include, for example, the polyaddition products of the styrene oxides, of ne oxide, propylene oxide, tetrahydrofuran, butylene oxide, epichlorohydrin, as well as their mixed-addition and graft products, as well as the polyether polyols obtained by condensation of polyhydric alcohols or mixtures thereof and those obtained by alkoxylation of polyhydric alcohols, amines and amino alcohols.
Suitable polyether polyols often have a hydroxyl onality of 1.5 to 6.0, such as 1.8 to 3.0, a hydroxyl number of 20 to 700 mg KOH/g solid, such as 20 to 100, 20 to 50 or, in some cases 20 to 40 mg KOH/g solid, and/or a Mn of 400 to 4000 g/mol, such as 100 to 4000 or 1000 to 3000 g/mol.
Exemplary polycarbonate polyols are obtainable by reaction of carbonic acid derivatives, for example diphenyl carbonate, dimethyl carbonate or phosgene, with diols. Suitable diols include the diols mentioned earlier with respect to the preparation of polyester polyols. In some cases, the diol component contains from 40 to 100 wt. % l,6-hexanediol and/or hexanediol derivatives, often containing ether or ester groups in addition to terminal OH groups, for example ts which are ed by reaction of one mole of hexanediol with at least one mole, preferably from one to two moles, of a-caprolactone or by etherification of hexanediol with itself to form di- or xylene . her polycarbonate polyols can also be used.
In certain embodiments, component (ii) is used in an amount of at least 20% by weight, such as at least 30 or at least 40% by weight and/or no more than 80% by weight, such as no more than 70% by weight, based on the total weight of reactants used to make the polyurethane.
Component (iii) is a nd comprising at least one isocyanate— reactive group and an anionic group or potentially anionic group. Exemplary such compounds are those which contain, for example, carboxylate, sulfonate, phosphonate groups or groups which can be converted into the above-mentioned groups by salt formation (potentially anionic ), and which can be incorporated into the macromolecules by isocyanate-reactive groups, such as hydroxyl or amine groups, that are present.
Suitable anionic or potentially c nds (iii) are, for example, mono- and di-hydroxycarboxylic acids, mono- and di-aminocarboxylic acids, mono- and di-hydroxysulfonic acids, mono- and di-aminosulfonic acids as well as mono- and di-hydroxyphosphonic acids or mono- and di-aminophosphonic acids and their salts, such as dimethylolpropionic acid, dimethylolbutyric acid, ypivalic acid, N-(2-aminoethyl)-B-alanine, 2-(2-amino-ethylamino)— ethanesulfonic acid, ethylene—diamine—propyl— or -buty1—sulfonic acid, 1,2— or 1,3— propylenediamineethylsulfonic acid, malic acid, citric acid, glycolic acid, lactic acid. In certain embodiments, the anionic or ially anionic compounds have carboxy or carboxylate and/or ate groups and have a functionality of from 1.9 to 2.1, such as the salts of 2-(2-amino-ethylamino)ethanesulfonic acid.
In certain embodiments, component (iii) is used in an amount of at least 0.1% by weight, such as at least 1, or at least 3% by weight and/or no more than 10% by weight, such as no more than 7% by weight, based on the total weight of reactants used to make the polyurethane.
Optional component (iv) is a mono functional kylene ether that contains at least one, in some cases one, hydroxy or amino group. In some embodiments, component (iv) ses a nd of the a: H—Y'—X—Y—R in which R is a monovalent hydrocarbon radical having 1 to 12 carbon atoms, such as an unsubstituted alkyl l having 1 to 4 carbon atoms; X is a polyalkylene oxide chain having 5 to 90, such as 20 to 70 chain members, which may comprise at least 40%, such as at least 65%, ethylene oxide units and which in addition to ne oxide units may comprise propylene oxide, butylene oxide and/or styrene oxide units; and Y and Y‘ are each independently oxygen or —NR‘— in which R' is H or R, in which R is defined above.
Mono functional polyalkylene ethers suitable for use in component (iv) may, in some cases, contain 7 to 55 ethylene oxide units per molecule, and can be obtained by alkoxylation of suitable r molecules, such as, for example, saturated monoalcohols, such as ol, ethanol, n-propanol, isopropanol, n-butanol, isobutanol, sec—butanol, the isomeric pentanols, hexanols, octanols and nonanols, n-decanol, n-dodecanol, n—tetradecanol, n-hexadecanol, n- octadecanol, cyclohexanol, the isomeric methyl—cyclohexanols or hydroxymethyl- cyclohexane, 3-ethy1-3—hydroxymethyloxetan or tetrahydrofurfuryl alcohol; diethylene glycol monoalkyl ethers, such as, for example, diethylene glycol monobutyl ether; unsaturated alcohols, such as allyl alcohol, 1,1-dimethylallyl alcohol or oleic alcohol; aromatic alcohols, such as phenol, the isomeric s or methoxyphenols; hatic ls, such as benzyl alcohol, anis alcohol or cinnamic alcohol; secondary monoamines, such as dimethylamine, diethylamine, dipropylamine, diisopropylamine, dibutylamine, bis-(2-ethylhexy1)-amine, N- methyl- and N—ethyl-cyclohexylamine or dicyclohexylamine; as well as hetero- cyclic secondary , such as morpholine, pyrrolidine, piperidine or 1H- pyrazole, including mixtures of two or more of any of the foregoing.
Alkylene oxides suitable for the alkoxylation reaction include, for example, ethylene oxide and propylene oxide, which can be used in the lation reaction in any d sequence or alternatively in admixture. In some embodiments, component (iv) comprises a copolymer of ethylene oxide with propylene oxide that contains ethylene oxide in an amount of at least 40% by weight, such as at least 50% by weight, at least 60% by weight or at least 65% by weight and/or up to 90% by weight or up to 80% by weight, based on the total weight of ne oxide and propylene oxide. In certain ments, the Mn of such a copolymer is 300 g/mol to 6000 g/mol, such as 500 g/mol to 4000 g/mol, such as 1000 g/mol to 3000 g/mol.
In certain embodiments, ent (iv) is used in an amount of at least 1% by weight, such as at least 5, or at least 10% by weight and/or no more than 30% by weight, such as no more than 20% by weight, based on the total weight of reactants used to make the polyurethane.
Optional component (V) comprises a polyol having a molecular weight of less than <400 grams/mole. Examples of such polyols include, without limitation, the diols mentioned earlier with respect to the preparation of polyester polyols. In some cases, the polyol having a molecular weight of less than <400 g/mol has up to 20 carbon atoms, such as is the case with, for example, ethylene glycol, diethylene glycol, triethylene glycol, 1,2—propanediol, 1,3-propanediol, 1,4—butanediol, 1,3—buty1ene glycol, cyclohexanediol, 1,4—cyclohexanedimethanol, 1,6-hexanediol, neopentyl , hydroquinone dihydroxyethyl ether, bisphenol A (2,2-bis(4-hydroxyphenyl)propane), hydrogenated bisphenol A, (2,2-bis(4- hydroxycyclohexyl)propane), trimethylolpropane, ol, pentaerythritol and also any desired mixtures of two or more thereof. Also suitable are ester diols of the specified molecular weight range such as a—hydroxybutylhydroxycaproic acid ester, 0)-hydroxyhexyl-y-hydroxybutyric acid ester, B-hydroxyethyl adipate or hydroxyethy1) terephthalate.
In certain embodiments, component (V) is used in an amount of at least 1% by weight, such as at least 2, or at least 3% by weight and/or no more than 20% by , such as no more than 10 or no more than 5% by weight, based on the total weight of nts used to make the polyurethane. al component (Vi) is used for chain extension and includes di- or poly-amines as well as ides, for example ethylenediamine, 1,2- and 1,3—diaminopropane, 1,4-diaminobutane, 1,6-diaminohexane, isophoronediamine, isomer mixture of 2,2,4- and 2,4,4-trimethyl-hexamethylenediamine, 2-methyl- pentamethylenediamine, diethylenetriamine, 1,3- and 1,4-xylylenediamine, (x,(x,(x‘,(x'-tetramethyl-1,3- and -l,4-xyly1enediamine and 4,4-diaminodicyclohexylmethane , dimethylethylenediamine, hydrazine or adipic acid dihydrazide.
Also suitable for use are compounds which contain active hydrogen of different reactivity towards NCO groups, such as compounds which contain, in on to a primary amino group, also secondary amino groups or, in addition to an amino group (primary or secondary), also OH groups. Examples thereof are primary/secondary amines, such as 3-amino-l-methyl-aminopropane, 3-amino-lethylaminopropane , o- l-cyclohexylaminopropane, 3-amino- yl- aminobutane, also alkanolamines such as N-aminoethylethanol-amine, ethanol- amine, 3-aminopropanol or neopentanolamine.
In certain embodiments, component (Vi) is used in an amount of at least 1% by weight, such as at least 3 or at least 5% by weight and/or no more than 10% by weight, such as no more than 8 or, in some cases, no more than 7% by weight, based on the total weight of reactants used to make the polyurethane.
In some ments, the sum of components (i)-(vi) is 100 percent by weight, based on the total weight of the reactants used to make the polyurethane.
Any of a variety of processes can be used to prepare the s polyurethane dispersions used in embodiments of the present invention, such as the prepolymer mixing method, acetone method or melt dispersing method, each of which will be understood by a person skilled in the art of making aqueous ethane sions. For example, in some embodiments, one or more aqueous polyurethane dispersion included in the compositions of the present invention may be ed by the acetone method, such as is described, for example, in US. Patent Application Publication No. 2007/0167565 A1 at [0057]- , the cited portion of which being incorporated herein by reference.
In certain embodiments, the resin solids content of the aqueous polyurethane dispersions prepared by any of these methods is at least 20% by weight, such as at least 25 or at least 30% by weight and/or no more than 65% by weight, such as no more than 50 or no more than 45% by weight, based on the total weight of the dispersion.
As indicated above, in the seed ent compositions used in the methods of the present invention comprise an aqueous polyurethane dispersion that forms a film that exhibits: exhibiting: (a) a microhardness of 4 to 34 mem2, such as 4 to 25 N/mmz; (b) a Tg of -79°C to -4°C, such as -500C to -25OC, (c) a percent elongation of 44 to 300, such as 100 to 300, and (d) a tensile strength of 2500 lb/in2 (17.2 MPa) to 56001b/in2 (38.6 MPa), such as 2500 lb/in2 (17.2 MPa) to 5100 lb/in2 (35.2 MPa). s ethane dispersions that are suitable for use herein are cially available and include, for e, (A) IMPRANIL DL 2611 (Covestro LLC), which is an anionic aliphatic polyester-polyurethane dispersion and is a reaction product of components (i), (ii), (iii), (v), and (vi) described above andior (B) BAYHYDROL UH XP 2719 (Covestro LLC) which is an aliphatic, polyester-based, anionic polyurethane sion and is different from IMPRANIL DL 2611. In certain embodiments, such an aqueous polyurethane dispersion is used in combination with a different aqueous polyurethane dispersion, such as, for example, (C) BAYBOND PU 330 (Covestro LLC), which is an c/non-ionic polyester polyurethane sed in water and is a on product of components (i), (ii), (iii), and (iv) described above. In certain embodiments using a blend of dispersions such as those described above, the weight ratio of the aqueous polyurethane dispersions in the seed treatment compositions of the present invention is (A+B)/(C) is greater than 1: 1, such as greater than 221, at least 3:1, or at least 421.
In certain embodiments, the s polyurethane dispersion is present in the seed treatment composition in an amount such that the total amount of polyurethane that is present in the seed treatment composition in some embodiments as an amount of 1% to 25%, in some embodiments from 2% to 20%, in some embodiments from 3% to 15%, in some embodiments from 4% to 10%, in some embodiments at least 3%, in some embodiments at least 5%, in some embodiments no more than 25%, in some embodiments no more than 20%, in some ments no more than 15% and in some embodiments no more than %..
The seed treatment compositions used in the methods of the present invention may further include any of a variety of coating additives such as defoamers, devolatilizers, thickeners, ?ow control additives, colorants (including pigments and dyes), surfactants, sants, lizers, biological materials (such as inoculants), nutrients, micronutrients, or e additives.
As indicated earlier, the seed treatment compositions of the present ion comprise an insecticide, a fungicide, a nematicide, and/or other pesticides. In various embodiments, the seed treatment composition comprises an insecticide. The present invention is not limited to a particular insecticide.
Suitable insecticides include, but are not limited to: (l) Acetylcholinesterase (AChE) inhibitors, such as, for example, carbamates, for example alanycarb, aldicarb, bendiocarb, benfuracarb, butocarboxim, butoxycarboxim, carbaryl, carbofuran, carbosulfan, ethiofencarb, fenobucarb, anate, iocarb, isoprocarb, methiocarb, methomyl, metolcarb, oxamyl, pirimicarb, propoxur, carb, thiofanox, triazamate, trimethacarb, XMC and xylylcarb; or organophosphates, for example te, azamethiphos, azinphos-ethyl, azinphos-methyl, cadusafos, chlorethoxyfos, chlorfenvinphos, chlormephos, chlorpyrifos-methyl, coumaphos, cyanophos, demeton-S-methyl, diazinon, dichlorvos/DDVP, dicrotophos, dimethoate, dimethylvinphos, oton, EPN, ethion, ethoprophos, famphur, fenamiphos, fenitrothion, fenthion, fosthiazate, heptenophos, imicyafos, isofenphos, isopropyl O-(methoxyaminothiophosphoryl) salicylate, isoxathion, ion, mecarbam, methamidophos, methidathion, mevinphos, otophos, naled, omethoate, oxydemeton—methyl, parathion—methyl, phenthoate, phorate, phosalone, phosmet, phosphamidon, phoxim, pirimiphos-methyl, profenofos, propetamphos, prothiofos, pyraclofos, phenthion, quinalphos, sulfotep, tebupirimfos, temephos, os, tetrachlorvinphos, thiometon, triazophos, triclorfon and vamidothion. (2) GABA-gated chloride channel antagonists, such as, for example, cyclodiene-organochlorines, for example chlordane and endosulfan or phenylpyrazoles les), for example ethiprole and fipronil. (3) Sodium channel modulators / voltage-gated sodium channel blockers such as, for example, pyrethroids, eg. acrinathrin, allethrin, d-cis-trans allethrin, d-trans allethrin, bifenthrin, ethrin, ethrin s-cyclopentenyl isomer, bioresmethrin, cycloprothrin, cy?uthrin, yfluthrin, cyhalothrin, lambda-cyhalothrin, cyhalothrin, cypermethrin, alpha-cypermethrin, betacypermethrin , theta-cypermethrin, zeta-cypermethrin, cyphenothrin [(lR)—trans- isomer], deltamethrin, empenthrin [(EZ)—(lR)-isomer], esfenvalerate, etofenprox, fenpropathrin, fenvalerate, ?ucythrinate, ?umethrin, tau—?uvalinate, halfenprox, imiprothrin, kadethrin, permethrin, phenothrin [(lR)-trans—isomer], prallethrin, pyrethrins (pyrethrum), hrin, sila?uofen, te?uthrin, tetramethrin, tetramethrin [(1R)- isomer)], tralomethrin and trans?uthrin or DDT or methoxychlor. (4) Nicotinergic acetylcholine receptor (nAChR) agonists, such as, for e, neonicotinoids, e.g. acetamiprid, clothianidin, dinotefuran, imidacloprid, nitenpyram, thiacloprid and thiamethoxam or nicotine or sulfoxa?or. (5) Allosteric activators of the nicotinergic acetylcholine receptor (nAChR) such as, for example, spinosyns, e.g. spinetoram and spinosad. (6) Chloride channel activators, such as, for example, avermectins/milbemycins, for example abamectin, emamectin benzoate, lepimectin and milbemectin. (7) Juvenile hormone imitators such as, for e, juvenile hormone analogues, e.g. hydroprene, kinoprene and methoprene or fenoxycarb or pyriproxyfen. (8) Active compounds with unknown or nonspecific isms of action such as, for example, alkyl halides, e.g. methyl bromide and other alkyl halides; or picrine or sulphuryl fluoride or borax or tartar emetic. (9) Selective antifeedants, for example ozine or ?onicamid. (10) Mite growth tors, for e clofentezine, hexythiazox and di?ovidazin or etoxazole. (l l) Microbial tors of the insect gut membrane, for example Bacillus giensis subspecies israelensis, Bacillus sphaericus, Bacillus thuringiensis subspecies i, Bacillus thuringiensis subspecies kurstaki, Bacillus thuringiensis subspecies tenebrionis, and BT plant proteins: CrylAb, CrylAc, CrylFa, Cry2Ab, mCry3A, Cry3Ab, Cry3Bb, Cry34/35Abl. (12) Oxidative phosphorylation inhibitors, ATP disruptors such as, for example, diafenthiuron or organotin compounds, for example azocyclotin, cyhexatin and fenbutatin oxide or propargite or tetradifon; (13) Oxidative phosphorylation decouplers acting by interrupting the H proton gradient such as, for example, chlorfenapyr, DNOC and sul?uramid. (14) Nicotinergic acetylcholine or antagonists such as, for example, bensultap, cartap hydrochloride, thiocylam, and ltap-sodium. (15) Chitin biosynthesis inhibitors, type 0, such as, for example, bistri?uron, chlor?uazuron, nzuron, ?ucycloxuron, ?ufenoxuron, hexa?umuron, lufenuron, novaluron, novi?umuron, te?ubenzuron and triflumuron. (16) Chitin thesis inhibitors, type 1, for example buprofezin. (17) Moulting inhibitors (in particular for Diptera, i.e. dipterans) such as, for example, cyromazine. (18) Ecdysone receptor ts such as, for example, chromafenozide, halofenozide, methoxyfenozide and tebufenozide. (19) Octopaminergic agonists such as, for example, amitraz. (20) Complex-III electron transport inhibitors such as, for example, hydramethylnone or acequinocyl or ?uacrypyrim. (21) Complex-I electron transport inhibitors, for example from the group of the METI acaricides, e.g. quin, oximate, pyrimidifen, pyridaben, tebufenpyrad and tolfenpyrad or rotenone s). (22) Voltage-gated sodium channel blockers, for example indoxacarb or meta?umizone. (23) Inhibitors of acetyl—CoA carboxylase such as, for e, tetronic and tetramic acid derivatives, e.g. spirodiclofen, spiromesifen and spirotetramat. (24) Complex-IV electron transport inhibitors such as, for example, phosphines, e.g. aluminium ide, calcium phosphide, phosphine and zinc phosphide or cyanide. (25) Complex II on transport inhibitors, such as, for example, cyenopyrafen and cyflumetofen. (26) Ryanodine receptor effectors, such as, for example, diamides, e. g. chlorantraniliprole, cyantraniliprole and ?ubendiamjde. (27) Other active compounds such as, for example, afidopyropen, azadirachtin, thiaz, benzoximate, bifenazate, bromopropylate, chinomethionat, cryolite, dicofol, di?ovidazin, lfone, ?ometoquin, flufenerim, flufenoxystrobin, role, ?uopyram, ?upyradifurone, fufenozide, hepta?uthrin, imidaclothiz, iprodione, meper?uthrin, paichongding, py?ubumide, pyri?uquinazon, nostrobin, tetramethylfluthrin and iodomethane; furthermore preparations based on Bacillus firmus (1-1582, BioNeem, Votivo), and also the following compounds: o-N—{2-bromochloro[(l- cyclopropylethyl)carbamoyl]phenyl}-1—(3 -chloropyridin—2-yl)- l H—pyrazole—S - carboxamide (known from WO2005/077934) and l-{2-fluoromethyl-5—[(2,2,2- trifluoroethyl)sulphinyl]pheny1}(tri?uoromethyl)-lH-1,2,4-triazoleamine (known from WO2006/043635), {l'-[(2E)(4—chlorophenyl)propen-l—yl] piro[indol-3,4'—piperidin]-1(2H)—yl}(2-chloropyridiny1)methanone (known from WO2003/106457), 2-chloro-N-[2—{ l-[(2E)(4-chlorophenyl)prop- 2-en—1-yl]piperidin-4—yl}(trifluoromethyl)phenyl]isonicotinamide (known from WO2006/003494), 3-(2,5-dimethylphenyl)hydroxy-8—methoxy-1,8- diazaspiro[4.5]decenone (known from WO2009/049851), 3—(2,5- dimethylphenyl)methoxyoxo- l ,8—diazaspiro[4. 5]dec-3 -en-4—ylethylcarbonate (known from WO2009/049851), 4—(but-2—ynyloxy)(3,5— ylpiperidiny1)?uoropyrimidine (known from W02004/099160), 4- (but—2—ynyloxy)(3—chlorophenyl)pyrimidine (known from /076415), PF1364 (CAS Reg. No. 12047762), 4-[5-(3,5- dichloropheny1)(tri?uoromethyl)-4,5-dihydro-1,2-oxazolyl]methy1-N-{2- oxo [(2,2,2-tri?uoroethyl)amino]ethyl }benzamide (known from /085216), 4- {5 - [3-Chloro(tri?uoromethyl)phenyl] -5 -(tri?uoromethyl)- 4,5 -dihydro-1,2-oxazol-3 -yl } -N- {2-oxo [(2,2,2-tri?uoroethyl)amino]ethyl } - 1- naphthamide (known from W02009/002809), methyl 2-[2—({ [3-bromo(3- chloropyridin-Z-yl)-1H-pyrazol-5 -yl]carbonyl } amino)chloro-3— methylbenzoyl]methylhydrazinecarboxylate (known from W02005/085216), methyl 2-[2-({ [3-bromo(3-chloropyridinyl)-1H-pyrazol yl]carbonyl } amino)cyanomethylbenzoyl] ethylhydrazinecarboxylate (known from W02005/085216), methyl 2-[2-({[3-bromo(3-chloropyridin yl)—1H—pyrazol-S-yl]carbonyl}amino)—5-cyano—3-methylbenzoyl]—2— methylhydrazinecarboxylate (known from W02005/085216), methyl - dibromo-2—({ [3-bromo—1-(3—chloropyridinyl)-1H—pyrazol yl]carbonyl } benzoyl]-2—ethylhydrazinecarboxylate (known from W02005/085216), 1—(3-chloropym'din—2-yl)-N—[4-cyano—2—methyl (methylcarbamoyl)phenyl] { [5 -(tri?uoromethyl)-2H-tetrazolyl]methyl } - 1H- pyrazole-5—carboxamide (known from WO2010/069502), N-[2—(5-amino—1,3,4- thiadiazol-Z-yl)chloromethylpheny1]-3 -bromo(3—chloropyridinyl)- 1H- pyrazole-5—carboxamide (known from 57925), 3-chloro—N-(2- cyanopropan—Z-yl)-N-[4-(1,1,1,2,3,3,3 -hepta?uoropropanyl)-2— phenyl]phthalamide (known from W02012/034472), 8-chloro-N-[(2- chloromethoxyphenyl)sulphonyl](tri?uoromethyl)imidazo[1,2-a]pyridine carboxamide (known from W02010/129500), 4-[5-(3,5—dichlorophenyl)—5- (tri?uoromethy1)-4,5-dihydro- 1,2-oxazolyl]methyl—N—(1-oxidothietan yl)benzamide (known from W02009/080250), N—[(2E)—1-[(6-chloropyridin yl)methyl]pyridin-2(1H)-ylidene]-2,2,2—tri?uoroacetamide (known from W02012/029672), 1—[(2-chloro-1,3-thiazoly1)methyl]oxophenyl—4H- pyrido[1,2-a]pyrimidinium-2—olate (known from W02009/099929), 1-[(6- chloropyridinyl)methyl]oxophenyl-4H-pyrido[1,2-a]pyrimidinium olate (known from /099929), (SS,8R)-1—[(6-chloropyridin—3-yl)methyl]- o-2,3,5,6,7,8-hexahydro-1H-5,8-epoxyimidazo[1,2—a]azepine (known from W02010/069266), (2E)[(6-chloropyridiny1)methyl]-N'-nitro pentylidenehydrazinecarboximidamide (known from W02010/060231), 4—(3- {2,6-dichloro[(3,3-dichloroprop-2—enyl)oxy]phenoxy}propoxy)-2—methoxy- ?uoromethyl)pyrimidine (known from CN101337940), N-[2—(tert- butylcarbamoy1)Chloromethylpheny1](3-chloropy1idiny1)-3 - (?uoromethoxy)-1H-pyrazole-S-carboxamide (known from WOZOOS/134969).
In some cases, the seed treatment composition ses one or more fungicides. Suitable fungicides include, but are not limited to: (1) Inhibitors of ergosterol biosynthesis such as, for example, aldimorph, azaconazole, bitertanol, bromuconazole, cyproconazole, diclobutrazole, difenoconazole, diniconazole, diniconazole-M, rph, dodemorph acetate, epoxiconazole, etaconazole, fenarimol, fenbuconazole, fenhexamid, fenpropidin, fenpropimorph, ?uquinconazole, ?urprimidol, ?usilazole, ?utriafole, furconazole, furconazole-cis, hexaconazole, il, imazalil sulphate, imibenconazole, ipconazole, metconazole, myclobutanil, naftifin, nuarimol, oxpoconazole, paclobutrazole, pefurazoate, penconazole, piperalin, prochloraz, propiconazole, prothioconazole, pyributicarb, pyrifenox, quinconazole, simeconazole, spiroxamine, nazole, terbinafin, tetraconazole, triadimefon, triadimenol, tridemorph, triflumizole, triforine, triticonazole, azole, uniconazole-P, Viniconazole, voriconazole, 1-(4-chlorophenyl) (1H—1,2,4-triazolyl)cycloheptanol, methyl 1-(2,2-dimethyl-2,3—dihydro- 1H- indenyl)-1H-imidazole-5 -carboxylate, N'- { 5—(di?uoromethyl)—2-methyl [3 - (trimethylsilyl)propoxy]pheny1} -N-ethyl-N-methylimidoformamide, N-ethyl-N- -N'— {2-methyl—5-(trifluoromethyl) [3- thylsilyl)propoxy]pheny1}imidoformamide, O-[1-(4—methoxyphenoxy)-3,3- dimethylbutan-Z-yl]—lH-imidazolecarbothioate, and pyrisoxazole. (2) Respiration inhibitors ratory chain inhibitors) such as, for example, bixafen, boscalid, carboxin, di?umetorim, fenfuram, ?uopyram, ?utolanil, fluxapyroxad, furametpyr, furrnecyclox, isopyrazam mixture of the syn- epimeric racemate 1RS,4SR,9RS and the anti-empimeric racemate 1RS,4SR,9SR, isopyrazam (anti-epimeric racemate ), isopyrazam (anti-epimeric enantiomer 1R,4S,9S), isopyrazam (anti-epimeric enantiomer IS,4R,9R), isopyrazam (syn- epimeric te 1RS,4SR,9RS), isopyrazam (syn-epimeric enantiomer 1R,4S,9R), isopyrazam (syn-epimeric enantiomer 15,4R,9S), mepronil, oxycarboxin, pen?ufen, penthiopyrad, sedaxane, thi?uzamide, 1-methy1-N-[2- (1,1,2,2-tetra?uoroethoxy)pheny1](tri?uoromethy1)-1H-pyrazole carboxamide, 3 oromethy1)methy1-N-[2-(1,1,2,2—tetra?uoro- ethoxy)pheny1]— 1H-pyrazolecarboxamide, 3-(di?uoromethy1)-N- [4-fluoro ( 1 , 1,2,3 ,3,3-hexa?uoropropoxy)pheny1]- 1-methy1- 1 H-pyrazolecarboxamide, N—[1-(2,4—dichloropheny1)-1—methoxypropan—2—yl](dif1uoromethy1)-1—n1ethy1— 1H-pyrazolecarboxan1ide, 5,8-di?uoro-N- [2-(2-?uoro—4- { [4- (tri?uoromethy1)pyridiny1]oxy} phenyl)ethy1]quinazolineamine, benzovindi?upyr, N- [(1 S ,4R)(dichloromethylene)- 1 ,2,3 ,4-tetrahydro- 1 ,4- methanonaphthalen—S-yl] -3 -(di?uoromethy1)-1—methy1—1H-pyrazole carboxamide and N-[(1R,4S)(dichloromethy1ene)-1,2,3,4-tetrahydro-1,4- methanonaphthalen—S-yl] -3 -(di?uoromethy1)-1—methy1—1H-pyrazole carboxamide, 3 -(di?uoromethy1)methy1-N-(1,1,3-trin1ethy1-2,3-dihydro—1H- indeny1)—1H-pyrazolecarboxamide, 1,3,5—trimethy1-N-(1,1,3-trimethy1-2,3- dihydro-1H-indeny1)-1H-pyrazole-4—carboxamide, 1-methy1 oromethy1)-N—( 1, imethy1-2,3-dihydro-1H—indeny1)—1H-pyrazole carboxamide, 1-methy1-3 -(tri?uoromethy1)-N- [(3R)- 1 , imethy1-2, 3-dihydro- 1H—inden-4—y1]—1H—pyrazole—4—carboxamide, 1—methy1(tri?uoromethy1)-N- [(3 ,3 -trimethy1-2,3-dihydro-1H-indenyl]—1H-pyrazolecarboxamide, 3 - (difluoromethyl)methy1-N—[(3S)-1,1,3-trimethy1-2,3 —dihydro- 1H-inden—4-y1]— azolecarboxamide, 3—(di?uoromethy1)—1-methy1—N-[(3R)-1, 1,3 - trimethy1-2,3—dihydro—1H-indeny1]—1H-pyrazolecarboxamide, 1,3,5 — trimethyl-N-[(3R)-1,1,3-trimethy1-2,3-dihydro-1H-inden—4-y1]—1H—pyrazole carboxamide, 1,3,5-trimethyl-N- [(3 S)- 1, l,3-trimethyl-2,3-dihydro- lH-inden y1]-1H—pyrazolecarboxamide, benodanil, ro-N-(1,1,3-trimethyl-2,3— dihydro- lH-indenyl)pyridinecarboxamide, isofetamid. (3) Respiration inhibitors (respiratory chain inhibitors) acting on complex III of the respiratory chain such as, for e, tradin, amisulbrom, azoxystrobin, cyazofamid, coumethoxystrobin, coumoxystrobin, dimoxystrobin, enestroburin, famoxadone, fenamidone, ?ufenoxystrobin, fluoxastrobin, kresoxim-methyl, metominostrobin, orysastrobin, picoxystrobin, ostrobin, pyrametostrobin, pyraoxystrobin, pyribencarb, triclopyricarb, trifloxystrobin, (2E)(2- { [6-(3-chloromethylphenoxy)fluoropyrimidin yl]oxy } phenyl)(methoxyimino)-N-methylethanamide, (2E)(methoxyimino)- N-methyl(2-{ [({ (lE)- l - [3 -(tri?uoromethyl)phenyl]ethylidene } amino)- oxy]methyl } phenyl)ethanamide, (2E)-2—(methoxyimino)—N-methyl—2- {2- { l- [3-(tri?uoromethyl)phenyl]ethoxy } imino)methyl]phenyl } ethanamide, - {2- [({ [(1E)- l -(3— { [(E)- 1—?uoro-2—phenylethenyl]oxy }pheny1)ethylidene] - amino }oxy)methyl]phenyl } -2—(methoxyimino)-N-methylethanamide, (2E) { 2- [({ [(2E,3E)-4—(2, 6-dichlorophenyl)but-3—enylidene]amino } oxy)methyl]— phenyl } (methoxyimino)-N—methylethanamide, 2-chloro-N-(l , 1,3 -trimethyl- hydro-1H-inden—4-yl)pyridinecarboxamide, 5-methoxy-2—methyl-4—(2- { [( { (1E)- l - [3-(tri?uoromethyl)phenyl]ethylidene } amino)oxy]methyl }phenyl)-2,4- dihydro-3H-1,2,4-triazolone, methyl (2E){2—[({cyclopropyl[(4- methoxyphenyl)imino]methyl } sulphanyl)methyl]phenyl } hoxyprop enoate, N-(3—ethyl-3,5,5—t1imethylcyclohexyl)-3—(formylamino)-2— hydroxybenzamide, 2- { 2- [(2, 5-dimethylphenoxy)methyl]phenyl }methoxy-N- methylacetamide. (4) Inhibitors of mitosis and cell division such as, for e, benomyl, carbendazim, chlorfenazole, diethofencarb, ethaboxam, ?uopicolid, fuberidazole, pencycuron, thiabendazole, thiophanate-methyl, thiophanate, zoxamide, 5—chloro(4-methylpiperidin- l -yl)—6-(2,4,6—tri?uorophenyl)- [ l riazolo[ l ,5-a]pyrimidine and 3 -chloro(6-chloropyridinyl)methyl- 4-(2,4,6-tri?uorophenyl)pyridazine. (5) Compounds having multisite activity such as, for example, Bordeaux mixture, captafol, captan, chlorothalonil, copper preparations such as copper hydroxide, copper naphthenate, copper oxide, copper oxychloride, copper sulphate, dichlo?uanid, dithianon, dodine, dodine free base, ferbam, ?uorfolpet, folpet, guazatine, guazatine acetate, iminoctadine, iminoctadine albesilate, iminoctadine triacetate, mancopper, mancozeb, maneb, metiram, zinc m, copper-oxine, propamidine, eb, sulphur and r preparations such as, for example calcium polysulphide, thiram, tolylfluanid, zineb, ziram and (6) Resistance inducers such as, for example, acibenzolar-S— methyl, isotianil, probenazole, tiadinil and laminarin. (7) Inhibitors of amino acid and protein biosynthesis such as, for example, blasticidin-S, cyprodinil, kasugamycin, kasugamycin hydrochloride hydrate, mepanipyrim, pyrimethanil, 3—(5—?uoro—3,3,4,4-tetramethyl—3,4- dihydroisoquinolin-l-yl)quinolone, oxytetracycline and streptomycin. (8) ATP production inhibitors such as, for example, fentin acetate, fentin chloride, fentin ide and ofam. (9) Inhibitors of cell wall sis such as, for example, benthiavalicarb, dimethomorph, h, iprovalicarb, mandipropamid, polyoxins, polyoxorim, validamycin A, valifenalate and polyoxin B. (10) Inhibitors of lipid and membrane synthesis such as, for e, biphenyl, chlomeb, dicloran, edifenphos, etridiazole, iodocarb, iprobenfos, isoprothiolane, propamocarb, propamocarb hydrochloride, prothiocarb, pyrazophos, quintozene, tecnazene and tolclofos-methyl. (11) Melanin biosynthesis inhibitors, for example carpropamid, diclocymet, fenoxanil, fthalide, pyroquilon, tricyclazole and 2,2,2—tri?uoroethyl {3 -methyl[(4-methylbenzoyl)amino]butanyl}carbamate. (12) Inhibitors of c acid synthesis such as, for example, benalaxyl, benalaxyl-M axyl), bupirimate, clozylacon, dimethirimol, ethirimol, furalaxyl, hymexazole, metalaxyl, metalaxyl-M (mefenoxam), e, yl, oxolinic acid and octhilinone. (13) Signal transduction inhibitors such as, for example, linate, fenpiclonil, ?udioxonil, iprodione, idone, quinoxyfen, Vinclozolin and proquinazid. (14) Decouplers such as, for example, binapacryl, dinocap, ferimzone, ?uazinam and meptyldinocap. (15) Further compounds such as, for example, benthiazole, bethoxazine, capsimycin, carvone, ethionat, pyriofenone (chlazafenone), cufraneb, cy?ufenamid, cymoxanil, cyprosulfamide, dazomet, debacarb, dichlorophen, diclomezine, oquat, difenzoquat methylsulphate, diphenylamine, EcoMate, fenpyrazamine, flumetover, ?uorimid, ?usulfamide, ?utianil, fosetyl-aluminium, fosetyl-calcium, fosetyl-sodium, hexachlorobenzene, irumamycin, methasulfocarb, methyl isothiocyanate, metrafenone, mildiomycin, natamycin, nickel dimethyldithiocarbamate, nitrothal-isopropyl, octhilinone, oxamocarb, oxyfenthiin, pentachlorophenol and its salts, phenothrin, phosphoric acid and its salts, propamocarb-fosetylate, propanosine-sodium, pyrimorph, (2E)(4—tert-butylphenyl)—3 -(2-chloropyridinyl)-1—(morpholiny1)propen one, (ZZ)(4-tert-butylphenyl)(2-chloropyridinyl)(morpholinyl)prop- 2-en—1-one, pyrrolnitrin, tebu?oquin, tecloftalam, tolnifanide, xide, trichlamide, mid, (3S,6S,7R,8R)benzyl—3-[({3-[(isobutyryloxy)methoxy]- 4-methoxypyridiny1 } carbonyl)amino] —6-methyl-4,9-dioxo- 1 ,5—dioxonan—7—yl 2- methylpropanoate, 1-(4-{4-[(5R)(2,6-di?uorophenyl)—4,5-dihydro-1,2-oxazol- 3-yl]—1,3-thiazolyl}piperidin—1-yl)-2—[5-methyl—3-(tri?uoromethyl)-1H- pyrazol- 1-y1]ethan0ne, 1-(4-{4-[(5S)-5—(2,6-difluor0pheny1)-4,5-dihydr0-1,2- oxazol—3-y1]—1,3-thiazol—2-y1}piperidin—1—y1)[5—methy1—3—(I;rif1uoromethy1)—1H- pyrazol- 1-y1]ethan0ne, 1-(4- {4- [5 -(2,6-di?u0r0pheny1)-4,5 r0-1,2-0xazol y1]- 1 ,3 -thiazoly1}piperidiny1)[5-methy1-3 -(tri?uoromethy1)-1H-pyrazol- 1-y1]ethan0ne, 1-(4-meth0xyphen0xy)-3 ,3 -dimethy1butany1 dazole carboxylate, 6-tetrachloro(methylsulphonyl)pyridine, 2,3-dibuty1 ch10r0thien0[2,3-d]pyrimidin-4(3H)-0ne, 2,6-dimethy1-1H,5H-[1,4]dithiin0[2,3- c:5,6-c‘]dipyrrole-1,3,5,7(2H,6H)-tetrone, 2-[5-methy1(tIi?uoromethyl)-1H- pyrazol-l-y1](4-{4-[(5R)pheny1-4,5-dihydro-1,2-0xaz01y1]—1,3-thiaz01 y1}piperidiny1)ethanone, 2-[5-methyl(tri?uoromethy1)- 1H—pyrazol- 1-y1]- 1- (4-{4- [(5 S)pheny1-4,5-dihydr0- 1 ,2-oxaz01y1]- 1 ,3-thiaz01y1 }piperidin- 1- y1)ethanone, 2-[5-methy1(tri?uoromethy1)-1H-pyrazoly1]{4-[4-(5-pheny1- hydr0- 1,2-oxaz01y1)-1 ,3-thiazoly1]piperidiny1}ethan0ne, 2-butoxy- 6—iodopropy1-4H—chromen—4—one, 2—ch10ro—5—[2-chloro(2,6—di?uoro—4- methoxypheny1)methy1-1H-imidazoly1]pyridine, 2-pheny1phen01 and salts, ,5-tri?u0r0-3,3—dimethyl-3,4-dihydroisoquinolin—1-yl)quinoline, 3,4,5- trichloropyridine-Z,6-dicarb0nitrile, r0(4-ch10r0pheny1)(2,6- ophenyl)methy1pyridazine, 4—(4-chlor0pheny1)—5-(2,6—di?uoropheny1)- 3,6-dimethy1pyridazine, 5-amin0-1,3,4-thiadiazolethiol, 5-ch10ro-N'-pheny1-N'- (prop-Z-yn—1-y1)thiophene-2—sulphonohydrazide, 5-?uor0-2—[(4—?u0r0- benzyl)0xy]pyrimidineamine, 5-?u0r0[(4-methy1benzy1)oxy]pyrimidine amine, 5-methy10ctyl[1,2,4]triaz010[1,5-a]pyrimidineamine, ethyl (ZZ) aminocyano-3 -pheny1acry1ate, N'-(4—{ [3 -(4-ch10r0benzy1)-1,2,4-thiadiazol-5 - y1]0xy } -2,5—dimethy1pheny1)—N—ethyl—N-methy1imid0f0rmamide, N-(4- ch10r0benzy1)-3 - [3 -meth0xy-4—(pr0pyn- 1-y10xy)pheny1]propanamide, N- [(4- ch10r0phenyl)(cyan0)methyl]—3-[3-meth0xy-4—(pr0p-2—yny10xy)pheny1]— propanamide, N-[(5-brom0ch10r0pyridiny1)methy1]—2,4-dichloronicotin- amide, N—[1—(5-br0m0ch10ropyridiny1)ethyl]-2,4-dich10r0nic0tinamide, N- [1-(5-br0m0-3 -ch10r0pyridin-2—y1)ethy1]?uoroi0d0nicotinamide, N- { (E)- [(cyclopropylmethoxy)imin0] [6-(diflu0r0meth0xy)-2,3 —di?u0r0pheny1]methy1}-2— phenylacetamide, N- { (Z)- [(Cyclopropyl—methoxy)imino] [6-(di?uorometh0xy)- 2,3 -di?u0r0pheny1]methy1}pheny1acetamide, N'-{4-[(3-tert-buty1cyan0-1,2- thiazol—5-y1)oxy] Ch10ro-5 -methy1pheny1}-N-ethyl-N-methy1imidoformamide, N-methy1( 1 -{ [5-methy1(tri?u0r0methy1)-1H-pyrazoly1]acety1}piperidin- 4-y1)-N-(1,2,3,4-tetrahydronaphthalenyl)-1,3-thiazolecarboxamide, N- methyl-Z-(1-{ [5 -methy1(triflu0r0methy1)-1H-pyraz01y1]acety1}piperidin y1)-N-[(1R)-1,2,3,4-tetrahydronaphthaleny1]-1,3-thiazolecarboxamide, N- methyl-Z-(1-{ [5 -methy1(triflu0r0methy1)-1H-pyraz01y1]acety1}piperidin y1)-N-[(1S)-1,2,3,4-tetrahydronaphthaleny1]-1,3-thiazolecarboxamjde, pentyl { 6-[( { [(1 -methyl- 1H-tetraz01-5 -y1)(pheny1)methylene]amino } oxy)- methy1]pyridiny1}carbamate, phenazine-l-carboxylic acid, quinolin-S-ol, quinolin-S-ol sulphate (2:1), utyl {6-[({[(1-methy1-1H-tetrazol y1)(pheny1)methylene]-amino}oxy)methy1]pyridiny1}carbamate, 1-methyl (trifluoromethyl)-N-[2‘-(tri?uoromethyl)biphenyly1]-1H-pyrazole carboxamide, chlorobiphenyl-2—y1)(di?uoromethy1)-1—methy1-1H— pyrazolecarb0xamide, N-(2',4'-dich10r0bipheny1y1)—3-(di?uor0methy1)- 1- methyl-1H—pyrazole—4-carboxamide, 3—(di?uoromethy1)—1-methyl-N—[4'— (triflu0r0methy1)bipheny1y1]-1H-pyrazolecarb0xamide, N-(2‘,5'— di?uorobiphenyl-Z—yl)— y1-3 -(tri?u0r0methy1)-1H—pyrazolecarboxamide, 3-(di?u0r0methy1)methy1-N-[4'—(propyn-1—y1)bipheny1y1]—1H-pyrazole carboxamide, 5-?uoro-1,3-dimethy1-N—[4‘-(prop—1-yn-1—y1)biphenyly1]—1H— pyrazolecarb0xamide, 2-ch10r0-N-[4'-(pr0pyny1)biphenyl 0tinamjde, 3 -(di?u0r0methy1)-N—[4‘-(3,3—dimethy1butyn—1-y1)bipheny1-2— y1]methy1—1H-pyrazolecarb0xamide, N-[4'—(3,3-dimethy1but—1-yn y1)bipheny1—2-y1]?u0r0-1,3-dimethyl-1H—pyrazole-4—carb0xamide, 3- (di?uoromethy1)-N-(4'-ethyny1bipheny1—2-y1)methy1- 1H-pyrazole carboxamide, N-(4'-ethyny1bipheny1-2—yl)?uor0- 1 ,3 —dimethy1—1H-pyrazole carboxamide, 2-ch10ro-N-(4'-ethyny1bipheny1-2—y1)nicotinamide, 2-ch10r0—N-[4'- (3 ,3-dimethylbut- 1-yny1)bipheny1yl]nicotinamide, 4-(di?u0r0methy1) methyl-N-[4'—(tri?uoromethy1)bipheny1—2-y1]-1,3-thiazole-5 -carb0xamide, 5 - ?uoro-N— [4'—(3-hydr0xy-3 1butyny1)biphenyly1]—1,3-dimethyl-1H— lecarb0xamide, 2-Ch10r0-N- [4'-(3-hydr0xy-3 -methy1but—1-yn- 1- y1)bipheny1y1]nicotinamide, 3-(diflu0r0methy1)-N-[4'-(3-meth0xymethy1but- 1-yn—1—yl)bipheny1-2—y1]—1-methy1-1H-pyrazole—4—carboxamide, 5—fluoro-N—[4'— (3 -meth0xymethy1butyn—1-y1)bipheny1y1]—1,3 -dimethy1-1H-pyrazole carboxamide, 2-chloro-N- [4'-(3-methoxy-3 -methy1butyny1)bipheny1-2— y1]nic0tinamide, (5-br0m0methoxy-4—methy1pyridiny1)(2,3,4-trimethoxy methylphenyl)methanone, N-[2—(4-{ [3-(4-chlor0pheny1)propyny1]oxy} ypheny1)ethy1]-N2-(methyl-sulphonyl)valinamide, 4-0X0[(2- phenylethyl)amino]butanoic acid, yny1 {6-[({ [(Z)-(1-rnethy1-1H-tetrazol- -y1)(pheny1)methylene]amino } oxy)methy1] -pyridiny1 }carbamate, 4-amin0 ?uoropyrimidin01 (tautomen'c form: 4-amino?uoropyn'midin-2(1H)-0ne), propyl 3,4,5 -trihydr0xybenz0ate, 1,3-dimethy1-N-(1 , 1,3 -trimethy1-2, 3-dihydr0- 1H-indeny1)-1H—pyrazolecarboxamide, 1,3-dimethyl-N—[(3R)-1,1,3- trimethyl-2,3-dihydr0—1H-indeny1]—1H-pyrazolecarb0xamide, 1,3-dimethy1- )-1,1,3-t1imethyl-2,3—dihydro—1H—inden—4—y1]—1H—pyrazole—4-carboxamide, [3-(4-ch10r0?u0r0pheny1)(2,4-di?u0r0pheny1)-1,2-oxaz01-4—y1](pyridin y1)methanol, (S)- [3 —(4-ch10r0—2-?uoropheny1)—5-(2,4-di?u0r0pheny1)-1,2—0xaz01— 4-y1](pyridin—3-y1)methan01, (R)-[3-(4-ch10r0flu0r0pheny1)(2,4- di?uoropheny1)-1,2—oxazol-4—y1](pyridin—3-y1)methanol, 2-{ [3-(2-ch10ropheny1)- 2-(2,4-di?u0ropheny1)oxirany1]methyl}-2,4-dihydr0-3H-1,2,4-triazole thione, 1-{ [3-(2-Ch10ropheny1)(2,4—di?u0r0pheny1)oxiran-Z-yl]methyl } —1H— 1,2,4—triaz01y1 thiocyanate, 5-(a11y1sulfany1){ [3-(2-ch10r0pheny1)(2,4- di?uorophenyl)oxiran-Z-yl]methyl } - 1H- 1,2,4—triazole, 2-[ 1-(2,4—dich10r0pheny1)— 0xy-2,6,6-trimethy1heptany1]-2,4-dihydr0-3H-1,2,4-triazole-3 -thione, 2- { [rel(2R,3 S)—3-(2-chlor0pheny1)(2,4-di?u0r0pheny1)0xiran-2—y1]methyl } -2,4- dihydr0-3H-1,2,4-triazolethione, 2- { [rel(2R,3R)(2-ch10r0pheny1)(2,4- difluorophenyl)oxiran-Z-yl]methyl}-2,4-dihydr0-3H—1,2,4-triazolethi0ne, 1- { [rel(2R,3 S)(2-chlor0pheny1)(2,4—di?u0r0pheny1)0xirany1]methyl } - 1H- 1,2,4—triaz01—5-y1 thiocyanate, 1- { [rel(2R,3R)-3—(2-ch10r0pheny1)—2-(2,4- ophenyl)oxiran—Z-yl]methyl } - 1H— 1 riaz01y1 thiocyanate, 5 - (allylsulphanyl){ R,3S)-3 -(2-ch10r0phenyl)(2,4-di?u0r0pheny1)0xiran- 2-y1]methy1}—1H-1,2,4—triazole, 5-(a11ylsulphany1){ [rel(2R,3R)—3-(2- ch10r0phenyl)(2,4-di?uor0pheny1)0xirany1]methyl}-1H-1,2,4-triazole, 2- [(ZS,4S,5 S)- 1—(2,4-dich10ropheny1)-5 xy-2,6,6-trimethy1heptany1]—2,4- dihydr0-3H-1,2,4-triazolethi0ne, 2-[(2R,4S,5S)(2,4—dich10r0pheny1) y-2,6,6-trimethylheptany1]-2,4-dihydro-3H-1,2,4-triazolethione, 2- [(2R,4R,5R)(2,4-dich10r0pheny1)hydr0xy-2,6,6-trimethy1heptanyl]—2,4- dihydro-3H-1,2,4-triazolethione, 2-[(28,4R,5R)(2,4-dichloropheny1) hydroxy-Z, 6,6-trimethy1heptany1] -2,4-dihydr0-3H- 1 ,2,4-triazole-3 -thi0ne, 2- [(2S,4S,5R)(2,4-dichloropheny1)hydroxy-2,6,6-trimethy1heptanyl]-2,4- dihydr0-3H-1,2,4-triazolethi0ne, 2-[(2R,4S,5R)(2,4—dich10r0pheny1) hydroxy-Z,6,6-trimethy1heptany1]-2,4-dihydro-3H—1,2,4-triazole-3 -thione, 2- [(2R,4R,5S)(2,4-dich10r0pheny1)hydr0xy-2,6,6-trimethy1heptany1]-2,4- dihydro-3H—1,2,4-triazolethione, 2-[(23,4R,5$)(2,4-dichlorophenyl) hydroxy-Z,6,6-trimethy1heptany1]-2,4-dihydro-3H-1,2,4-triazole-3 -thi0ne, 2- fluoro(tri?uoromethy1)-N—( 1, 1,3 -trimethy1—2,3-dihydro-1H—inden y1)benzamide, 2-(6-benzy1pyridiny1)quinaz01ine, 2-[6-(3-?u0r0 yphenyl)-5—methy1pyridiny1]quinaz01ine, 3-(4,4-di?uoro-3,3-dimethy1— 3,4-dihydr0isoquinoliny1)quinoline, abscisic acid, 3-(di?u0r0methy1)-N- methoxy-1—methy1-N-[1-(2,4,6-trichlorophenyl)pr0pan—Z-yl]-1H—pyrazole amide, N'-[5-br0m0(2,3-dihydro-1H-inden-Z-yloxy)methy1pyridin yl]—N-ethyl—N-methy1imid0formamide, brom0-6—[1-(3,5-di?u0ropheny1)- ethoxy] methy1pyridin-3 -y1}—N-ethyl—N-methylimidoformamide, N'- {5 -br0m0- 6- [(1 R)(3,5-di?u0ropheny1)eth0xy]—2—methylpyridin—3-y1 } -N—ethy1-N— methylimidoformamide, N'- { 5—br0m0 [(1 S)- 1—(3 ,5-di?u0r0pheny1)ethoxy] methylpyridin-3 -y1} —N—ethyl—N-methy1imid0f0rmamide, N‘- {5 -br0m0 [(cis isopropylcyclohexyl)0xy]methy1pyridiny1} y1—N-methylimid0- formamide, N‘- {5 -br0m0 [(transisopr0py1cyclohexy1)oxy] -2—methy1pyridin- 3-y1 } -N-ethyl-N-methylimid0formamide, N-cyclopropy1—3 -(di?u0romethy1) ?uoro-N—(2—isopr0pylbenzy1)—1-methy1—1H-pyrazolecarb0xamide, N- cyclopropyl-N-(2-cyclopr0py1benzy1)-3—(di?u0romethy1)—5-?u0r0methy1-1H- pyrazolecarb0xamide, ert-buty1benzy1)—N-cyclopr0py1(di?u0r0- methy1)-5 -?uor0methy1-1H—pyrazole—4-carboxamide, N-(5 -chloro enzyl)—N-cyclopr0py1(di?u0romethy1)?u0r0—1-methy1-1H-pyrazole carboxamide, h10roisopropy1benzy1)-N—Cyclopropy1(difluoromethy1)- -flu0r0methy1-1H-pyrazolecarboxamide, N-cyclopropy1-3 - (di?uoromethy1)-N-(Z-ethyl-S-?uorobenzy1)?uoromethy1-1H-pyrazole carboxamide, N-cyclopropy1(di?uoromethy1)?u0r0-N-(5-flu0r0 pylbenzy1)methy1-1H-pyrazolecarboxamide, opropyl-N-(Z- cyclopropyl-S-?u0r0benzy1)(di?u0r0methy1)?u0r0methy1-1H-pyrazole- 4-carboxamide, N—(2-cyclopenty1?uorobenzyl)-N—Cyclopr0py1 (difluoromethyl)-5 0methy1-1H-pyrazolecarboxamide, N—cyclopropyl- 3-(di?uoromethy1)?uoro-N-(2-?uoroisopropy1benzy1)- 1-methy1- 1H- pyrazolecarb0xamide, N-cyclopropy1(di?uoromethyl)-N-(2-ethy1 methylbenzyl)?uoromethy1-1H-pyrazolecarboxamide, N-cyclopropy1 (difluoromethyl)-5 -?uor0-N-(2-is0pr0py1methy1benzy1)methy1-1H- pyrazole-4—carboxamide, N—cyclopropyl-N—(2—cyclopropy1methy1benzyl) (difluoromethyl)-5 -?uor0methy1-1H—pyrazolecarboxamide, N—(2-telt-buty1- —methy1benzyl)-N—cyclopropy1-3 -(di?uor0methyl)?u0r0-1—methy1-1H- pyrazolecarb0xamide, N-[5—ch10r0-2—(tri?uoromethy1)benzy1]-N—cyclopr0py1- 3—(di?u0r0methy1)-5—?u0ro—1—methy1—1H-pyrazolecarboxamide, N- cyclopropy1(di?uoromethy1)?u0ro- 1-methy1-N- [5-methy1-2—(tri?u0ro- methyl)benzy1]—1H—pyrazole—4-carboxamide, N—[2-Chlor0(tri?uor0- methy1)benzyl] -N-cyclopr0py1—3 -(di?uoromethyl)?uoro- 1-methy1- 1H- pyrazole-4—carb0xamide, N-[3-ch10r0—2—?u0r0—6-(tri?uoromethyl)benzyl]-N- cyclopropy1(di?uoromethy1)?u0romethy1-1H-pyrazole-4—carboxamide, N—cyclopropy1-3 -(di?u0r0methyl)-N—(2-ethy1-4,5-dimethylbenzy1)-5 -?u0ro- 1- methyl-1H-pyrazolecarboxamide, N—cyclopropyl(di?u0r0methy1)?u0r0- N-(2—isopr0pylbenzy1)—1-methyl-1H—pyrazol-4—carb0thioamide, 3-(di?u0ro- methy1)-N-(7—?u0r0- 1, 1,3-trimethy1-2,3-dihydro— 1H-indeny1)methy1—1H- pyrazolecarb0xamide, 3-(di?u0r0methy1)-N— [(3R)-7—?u0r0- 1, 1,3-trimethy1- 2,3 -dihydr0-1H-inden—4-y1]—1-methy1-1H-pyrazolecarboxamide, 3-(di?uor0- methy1)-N-[(3S)flu0r0-1,1,3-trimethyl-2,3-dihydr0-1H-inden—4—y1]—1-methy1- azole—4-carboxamide, N‘-(2,5-dimethy1-4—phenoxypheny1)—N-ethy1-N- methylimidoformamide, N'- {4-[(4,5 -dichloro- 1,3 -thiazolyl)oxy] -2,5 - dimethylphenyl}-N-ethyl-N-methy1imidoformamide, N-(4—chloro—2, 6- difluorophenyl)(2-chloro?uorophenyl)-1,3-dimethyl-1H-pyrazoleamine. ularly suitable seed treatment active ingredients that may be ed in the treatment composition include acetamiprid, clothianidin imidacloprid, thiacloprid, thiamethoxam, abamectin, emamectin, emamectin- benzoate, rynaxypyr (chloroantraniliprole), cyazypyr (cyntraniliprole), spinetoram, spinosad, sulfoxaflor, lambda-cyhalothrin, beta-cyfluthrin, tefluthrin, ?upyradifurone, tetraniliprole, Bacillus firmus CNCM I 1582, us subtilis QST 713, Bacillus subtilis AQ30002, oconazole, metalaxyl, mefenoxam, benalaxyl, kiralaxyl, tri?oxystrobin, azoxystrobin, picoxystrobin, pyraclostrobin, ?uopyram, , tebuconazole, ?udioxonil, and ipconazole.
In some ments, the insecticide, fungicide, cide, and/or other pesticides is present in the treatment compositions of the present invention in an amount of at least 15%, such as at least 20%, such as at least 25%, such as at least 30% and/or no more than 80%, such as no more than 75%, such as no more than 60%, such as no more than 50%.
In some embodiments, the seed treatment compositions used in the methods of the present invention may further include any of a variety of ves such as defoamers, devolatilizers, thickeners, ?ow control ves, colorants (including pigments and dyes), surfactants, dispersants, neutralizers, biological materials (such as inoculants), nutrients, micronutrients, or surface additives.
Inert materials may also be included such as, for example, to improve handling or packaging and may e, for example, silica, starches, clays and other minerals.
For e, in some embodiments, the seed treatment compositions include an inorganic ant, such as, for example, talc, mica, graphite, a carbide, a carbonate, an oxide of carbon, a cyanide, an allotrope of carbon, or a mixture of two or more thereof.
When used, such inorganic lubricant(s) are often present in the seed treatment composition in an amount of at least 0.5%, such as at least 1%, such as at least 1.5% and/or no more than 10%, such as no more than 8%, such as no more than 5%.
In some embodiments, in addition to or in lieu of an inorganic lubricant, the seed treatment composition used in the methods of the present invention may comprise an organic lubricant. Examples of such organic lubricants e, but are not limited to a wax, such as, polyethylene, ed polyethylene, carnuba, paraffin, polypropylene, an oxidized hylene wax, montan waxes, microcrystalline waxes, Fischer—Tropsch waxes, amide waxes, Ethylene -Acrylic- Acid (EAA) waxes, polyolefin waxes, ne bis mide (EBS) waxes, animal waxes (bees wax and lanolin), vegetable waxes (camauba and candelilla), or slac and scale waxes, polytetra?uoroethylene, including mixtures of two or more thereof. In some embodiments, the wax comprises polyethylene wax, such as MICHEM Wax 437 from Michelman, Inc. As a result, embodiments of the present ion are also directed to seed treatment compositions comprising, consisting essentially of, or, in some cases, consisting of:: (A) an aqueous polyurethane sion; (B) an insecticide, a fungicide, a nematicide, and/or other pesticides; and (C) a hylene wax.
In some embodiments of the methods of the present invention, the seed treatment composition is applied to a seed and then the seed is subsequently coated with a lubricant compound.
As indicated, in the methods of the t invention the seed treatment ition is applied to a seed. In certain embodiments, a seed ent composition as described herein is applied to a seed at the same time or before the planter fills the planter hopper with seed. In other embodiments, a seed treatment composition as described herein is applied to a seed as a farmer fills the planter hopper with seed. In some embodiments, the hopper forms a component part of a planter, such as an air or vacuum planter, with a planter mechanism, es of which are commercially available from, for example, John Deere, Case IH, Kinze, AGCO White, Great Plains, or Precision Planting.
In certain embodiments, a seed treatment composition as described herein is applied to a seed at a rate of 0.1 - 5.0 oz/cwt (ounces/hundredweight), 0.5 - 4.0 , 1.0 - 3.5 oz/cwt, 1.5 - 3.0 oz/cwt, 2.0 - 3.0 oz/cwt, 2.0 - 2.5 oz/cwt, or 0.2 oz/cwt, 0.5 oz/cwt, 0.75 oz/cwt, 1.0 oz/cwt, 1.5 oz/cwt, 2.0 oz/cwt, 2.5 oz/cwt, 3.0 , 3.5 oz/cwt, 4.0 oz/cwt, 4.5 oz/cwt, 5.0 , or 0.2 oz/cwt or more, 0.5 oz/cwt or more, 0.75 oz/cwt or more, 1.0 oz/cwt or more, 1.5 oz/cwt or more, 2.0 oz/cwt or more, 2.5 oz/cwt or more, 3.0 oz/cwt or more, 3.5 oz/cwt or more, 4.0 oz/cwt or more, 4.5 oz/cwt or more, or 5.0 oz/cwt or more.
In some embodiments of the present invention, a seed treatment composition bed herein is applied to a seed in a single application step. In other respects, a seed treatment composition described herein is d in multiple application steps. In yet another embodiment, a seed treatment ition described herein is applied in one, two, three or more application steps to a seed.
Seeds which can be treated with the seed treatment composition described herein include, for example, any agricultural or ble seeds that are planted through, for example, a vacuum planter. Examples of such seeds include, but are not limited to, corn seed, sorghum seed, oat seed, rye seed, barley seed, n seed, vegetable seed, wheat seed, sugarbeat seed, rice, sun?ower seed, lettuce seed, and spinach seed. Specific examples of corn seeds capable of being treated with the treatment compositions described herein include, for example, sweet corn (for example, zea mays convar. saccharata var. Rugosa), silver queen corn, golden bantam, early sunglow, Indian corn, sugar corn, pole corn, field corn, dent corn, ?int corn, ?our corn, blue corn (for example, Zea mays amylacea), pop corn, and waxy corn. In some embodiments, the seed is not cotton seed, such as fuzzy cotton seed. In some embodiments the seed is acid delinted cotton seed but not mechanically delinted cotton seed.
Seeds may be treated with the described compositions by applying the disclosed compositions directly to the seed. In another embodiment, the seed may be treated indirectly, for example by ng the environment or habitat to which the seed is exposed.
Conventional treatment methods may be used to treat the environment or habitat including dipping, spraying, rolling, ting, chemigating, fogging, scattering, ng on, shanking or injecting.
Some embodiments of the present invention are directed to a kit comprising, consisting essentially of, or consisting of any of the seed treatment compositions disclosed herein. In some embodiments, the kit provides ctions or guidance regarding the use of the seed treatment compositions or methods described herein. In some embodiments, the instructions are included with the kit, separate from the kit, in the kit, or are included on the kit ing.
In yet another aspect, the instructions provide for application of a seed treatment composition at planting.
As will be appreciated by the foregoing description, embodiments of the present invention are ed to methods for treating a seed, comprising applying to the seed a seed treatment composition comprising, consisting essentially of, or, in some cases, ting of: (A) an aqueous terpolyurethane dispersion; and (B) an insecticide, a fungicide, a nematicide, and/or other pesticides, wherein (l) the aqueous polyurethane dispersion forms a film exhibiting: (a) a microhardness of 4 to 34 N/mmz; (b) a Tg of -790C to -4"C, (c) a percent tion of 44 to 300, and (d) a tensile strength of 25001b/in2 (17.2 MPa) to 5600 lb/in2 (38.6 MPa), and (2) the seed comprises corn seed, sorghum seed, oat seed, rye seed, barley seed, soybean seed, vegetable seed, wheat seed, eat seed, rice, sun?ower seed, lettuce seed, and/or spinach seed.
Embodiments of the present invention are ed to a method of the previous paragraph, wherein(a) the microhardness is up to 15 N/mmz, such as 0.4 to 15 N/mmz, (b) the Tg is -480C to -300C, and/or (c) the percent elongation is to 300.
Embodiments of the present invention are directed to a method of either of the previous two paragraphs, wherein the aqueous ethane dispersion of the seed treatment composition comprises one or more polyurethanes that are the reaction product of reactants comprising, consisting essentially of, or, in some cases, consisting of: (i) a polyisocyanate; (ii) a polyester polyol having a Mn of 400 to 8,000 g/mol; (iii) a compound comprising at least one isocyanate-reactive group and an anionic group or potentially anionic group; (iv) optionally a mono functional polyalkylene ether; (v) optionally a polyol having a molecular weight of less than <400 g/mol, and (vi) optionally a polyamine or amino alcohol having a molecular weight of from 32 to 400 g/mol. ments of the present invention are directed to a method of the previous paragraph, wherein the polyisocyanate (i) of the seed treatment composition comprises an aromatic, hatic, aliphatic and/or cycloaliphatic polyisocyanate, such as 1,6-hexamethylene diisocyanate (HDI), pentamethylene yanate (PDI), isophorone diisocyanate (IPDI), the ic bis-(4,4'— isocyanatocyclohexyl)methanes or a mixture f.
Embodiments of the present invention are directed to a method of either of the us two paragraphs, wherein component (i) of the seed treatment composition is included in an amount of at least 5% by weight, such as at least 10 or at least 20% by weight and/or no more than 60% by weight, such as no more than 50 or, in some cases, no more than 45% by weight, based on the total weight of nts used to make the polyurethane.
Embodiments of the present ion are ed to a method of any of the previous three paragraphs, wherein the polyester polyol of the seed treatment composition has a Mr1 of from 400 to 6000 g/mol, 500 to 3000 g/mol, 1000 to 3000 g/mol or 1500 to 3000 g/mol.
Embodiments of the present invention are directed to a method of any of the previous four aphs, wherein the polyester polyol of the seed treatment composition has a hydroxyl number of from 20 to 400 mg KOH/g of substance, such as 20 to 300 mg KOH/g of substance, 20 to 200 mg KOH/gram of substance or 20 to 100 mg KOH/g of nce. ments of the present invention are directed to a method of any of the previous five paragraphs, wherein the ter polyol of the seed treatment composition has a hydroxyl functionality of 1.5 to 6, such as 1.8 to 3 or 1.9 to 2.1.
] Embodiments of the present invention are directed to a method of any of the previous six paragraphs, wherein the polyester polyol of the seed treatment composition comprises, consists essentially of, or, in some cases, consists of a on product of butanediol and/or neopentyl glycol and/or hexanediol and/or ethylene glycol and/or diethylene glycol with adipic acid and/or phthalic acid and/or isophthalic acid, such as polyester polyols that are a reaction product of butanediol and/or neopentyl glycol and/or hexanediol with adipic acid and/or phthalic acid. ments of the present invention are directed to a method of either of the previous paragraphs, wherein the polyester polyol of the seed treatment composition has a hydroxyl functionality of 1.5 to 6.0, such as 1.8 to 3.0, a hydroxyl number of 20 to 700 mg KOH/g solid, such as 20 to 100, 20 to 80 or, in some cases 40 to 80 mg KOH/g solid, and/or a Mn of 500 to 3000 g/mol, such as 600 to 2500 g/mol.
Embodiments of the present invention are directed to a method of any of the us eight paragraphs, wherein component (ii) of the seed treatment composition is included in an amount of at least 20% by , such as at least or at least 40% by weight and/or no more than 80% by weight, such as no more than 70% by weight, based on the total weight of reactants used to make the polyurethane.
Embodiments of the present invention are directed to a method of any of the previous nine paragraphs, wherein component (iii) of the seed treatment composition is a compound sing carboxylate, sulfonate, and/or phosphonate groups or groups which can be converted into the above-mentioned groups by salt formation.
Embodiments of the present invention are directed to a method of the previous paragraph wherein the compound (iii) of the seed treatment composition comprises, consists essentially of, or, in some cases, consists of, a mono- and di—hydroxycarboxylic acid, a mono- and nocarboxylic acid, a mono- and di-hydroxysulfonic acid, a mono- and di-aminosulfonic acid, a mono- and di-hydroxyphosphonic acid and/or a mono- and di-aminophosphonic acids or a salt thereof, such as dimethylolpropionic acid, dimethylolbutyric acid, hydroxypivalic acid, minoethyl)—B—alanine, 2-(2-amino-ethylamino)— ethanesulfonic acid, ethylene-diamine-propyl- or -butyl-sulfonic acid, 1,2- or 1,3- propylenediamineethylsu1fonic acid, malic acid, citric acid, ic acid, lactic acid. ments of the present invention are directed to a method of any of the previous eleven paragraphs, wherein component (iii) of the seed treatment ition is included in an amount of at least 0.1% by weight, such as at least 1, or at least 3% by weight and/or no more than 10% by weight, such as no more than 7% by weight, based on the total weight of reactants used to make the polyurethane.
Embodiments of the present invention are directed to a method of any of the previous twelve paragraphs, n component (iv) of the seed treatment composition is included and comprises a nd of the formula: H—Y‘—X—Y—R, in which R is a monovalent hydrocarbon radical having 1 to 12 carbon atoms, such as an unsubstituted alkyl radical having 1 to 4 carbon atoms; X is a polyalkylene oxide chain having 5 to 90, such as 20 to 70 chain members, which may comprise at least 40%, such as at least 65%, ethylene oxide units and which in addition to ethylene oxide units may comprise propylene oxide, butylene oxide and/or styrene oxide units; and Y and Y' are each independently oxygen or —NR'— in which R‘ is H or R, in which R is defined above. ments of the present invention are directed to a method of the previous paragraph, n component (iv) of the seed treatment composition contains 7 to 55 ethylene oxide units per molecule.
Embodiments of the present invention are directed to a method of either of the previous two paragraphs, wherein component (iv) of the seed treatment composition comprises, consists ially of, or, in some cases, consists of, a copolymer of ethylene oxide with propylene oxide that contains ethylene oxide in an amount of at least 40% by weight, such as at least 50% by weight, at least 60% by weight or at least 65% by weight and/or up to 90% by weight or up to 80% by weight, based on the total weight of ethylene oxide and ene oxide.
Embodiments of the present invention are directed to a method of any of the previous three paragraphs, wherein the Mn of such a mer is 300 g/mol to 6000 g/mol, such as 500 g/mol to 4000 g/mol, such as 1000 g/mol to 3000 g/mol.
Embodiments of the present invention are directed to a method of any of the previous four paragraphs, wherein ent (iv) of the seed ent composition is included in an amount of at least 1% by weight, such as at least 5, or at least 10% by weight and/or no more than 30% by weight, such as no more than 20% by weight, based on the total weight of reactants used to make the polyurethane.
Embodiments of the present invention are directed to a method of any of the previous sixteen paragraphs, wherein ent (v) of the seed treatment composition is included and, in some embodiments, is included in an amount of at least 1% by weight, such as at least 2, or at least 3% by weight and/or no more than 20% by weight, such as no more than 10 or no more than 5% by weight, based on the total weight of reactants used to make the polyurethane.
Embodiments of the present invention are directed to a method of any of the us een aphs, wherein component (vi) of the seed treatment composition is included and comprises, consists essentially of, or, in some cases, consists of, a di- or poly-amine, a hydrazide, an aminoalcohol, or a mixture thereof and, in some embodiments, component (6) of the seed treatment composition is included in an amount of at least 1% by weight, such as at least 3 or at least 5% by weight and/or no more than 10% by weight, such as no more than 8 or, in some cases, no more than 7% by weight, based on the total weight of reactants used to make the ethane.
Embodiments of the present invention are directed to a method of any of the previous eighteen paragraphs, wherein the sum of components i) of the seed treatment composition is 100 percent by weight, based on the total weight of the reactants used to make the polyurethane. ments of the present invention are directed to a method of any of the previous nineteen paragraphs, wherein the seed treatment composition comprises a blend of: (A) an anionic aliphatic polyester-polyurethane dispersion that is a reaction product of components (i), (ii), (iii), (v), and (vi) described above andior (B) which is different from (A) is an aliphatic, polyester-based, anionic polyurethane dispersion and is a reaction product of components (i), (ii), (iii), (v), and (Vi) described above and/or (C) an anionic/non-ionic ter polyurethane dispersed in water and is a on product of components (i), (ii), (iii), (iv), and (vi) described above. In certain embodiments, the weight ratio of the aqueous polyurethane dispersions in the blend in the seed treatment compositions of the present invention is (A+B)/(C) is greater than 1:1, such as greater than 2:1, at least 3:1, or at least4:l.
Embodiments of the present invention are directed to a method of any of the previous twenty-five paragraphs, n the aqueous polyurethane dispersion is present in the seed treatment composition in an amount such that the total amount of polyurethane that is present in the treatment ition is at least 1%, such as at least 2%, or in some cases at least 4% and/or no more than 20%, such as no more than 15% and in some cases, no more than 10%.
Embodiments of the present invention are directed to a method of any of the previous twenty-six paragraphs, wherein the insecticide, ide, nematicide, and/or other pesticide comprises acetamiprid, clothianidin imidacloprid, thiacloprid, thiamethoxam, abamectin, emamectin, emamectin- benzoate, rynaxypyr (chloroantraniliprole), cyazypyr (cyntraniliprole), oram, ad, sulfoxaflor, -cyhalothrin, beta-cyfluthrin, tefluthrin, ?upyradifurone, iliprole, Bacillus firmus CNCM I 1582, Bacillus subtilis QST 713, Bacillus subtilis AQ30002, prothioconazole, metalaxyl, mefenoxam, benalaxyl, kiralaxyl, trifloxystrobin, azoxystrobin, picoxystrobin, pyraclostrobin, ?uopyram, thiram, tebuconazole, ?udioxonil, and ipconazole. ments of the present invention are directed to a seed treatment composition of any of the previous twenty-eight paragraphs, n the insecticide, fungicide, nematicide, and/or pesticide is present in the seed treatment compositions of the present invention in an amount of at least 15%, such as at least 20%, such as at least 25%, such as at least 30% and/or no more than 80%, such as no more than 75%, such as no more than 60%, such as no more than Embodiments of the present invention are directed to a method of any of the previous twenty-eight paragraphs, n the seed treatment composition comprises an inorganic lubricant and/or an organic ant, such as a wax, such as a polyethylene wax.
Embodiments of the present invention are directed to a method of any of the previous twenty nine paragraphs, comprising applying the seed treatment composition to a seed at the same time or before the planter fills the planter hopper with seed or as a farmer fills the planter hopper with seed.
Embodiments of the present invention are directed to a method of the previous paragraphs, wherein the hopper forms a component part of a planter, such as an air or vacuum planter, with a planter mechanism. ments of the t invention are directed to a method of either of the previous two paragraphs, wherein the seed ent composition is d to a seed at a rate of 0.1 - 5.0 oz/cwt (ounces/hundredweight), 0.5 - 4.0 oz/cwt, 1.0 - 3.5 oz/cwt, l.5 - 3.0 oz/cwt, 2.0 - 3.0 oz/cwt, 2.0 - 2.5 oz/cwt, or 0.2 oz/cwt, 0.5 oz/cwt, 0.75 oz/cwt, 1.0 oz/cwt, l.5 oz/cwt, 2.0 oz/cwt, 2.5 oz/cwt, 3.0 oz/cwt, 3.5 oz/cwt, 4.0 oz/cwt, 4.5 oz/cwt, 5.0 , or 0.2 oz/cwt or more, 0.5 oz/cwt or more, 0.75 oz/cwt or more, 1.0 oz/cwt or more, 1.5 oz/cwt or more, 2.0 oz/cwt or more, 2.5 oz/cwt or more, 3.0 oz/cwt or more, 3.5 oz/cwt or more, 4.0 oz/cwt or more, 4.5 oz/cwt or more, or 5.0 oz/cwt or more.
Embodiments of the present ion are directed to a method of any of the previous three aphs wherein the seed treatment composition is applied to a seed in a single application step or in multiple application steps, such as one, two, three or more application steps.
Embodiments of the present invention are directed to seeds treated by a method of any of the previous four paragraphs, wherein the seed comprises corn seed comprising sweet corn (for e, zea mays convar. saccharata var.
Rugosa), silver queen corn, golden bantam, early sunglow, Indian corn, sugar corn, pole corn, field corn, dent corn, ?int corn, ?our corn, blue corn (for example, Zea mays amylacea), popcorn, and waxy corn. Embodiments of the present invention are also directed to a seed treated by any of the previous four paragraphs, wherein the seed is not a cotton seed, such as a fuzzy cotton seed.
Embodiments of the present invention are directed to a kit comprising ctions or guidance regarding the use of any of the methods described herein.
EXAMPLES Example 1 Seed treatment compositions were prepared using the ingredients and amounts (in milliliters) listed in Table 1. In each case, the listed ients were added to a suitable container and then mixed using a glass rod stirrer until a homogeneous e was obtained.
Table 1 Ingredient 1C 1D 1E 1F Active ingredient mixture1 27.91 27.92 27.92 27.92 27.92 27.92 Water 21.77 25.89 21.99 19.99 19.99 19.15 Commercial polymeric seed coating2 22.18 - -- -- -- -- Seed coating blank3 -17.17 17.17 17.17 17.17 17.17 IMPRANIL DLU4 --3.90 -- -- -- IMPRANIL DLN5 .90 -- -- IMPRANIL DL 26116 -- -- -- 5.90 -- BAYBOND PU 4067 --—— —— —— 6.74 Table 1 gcontinuedt Example Ingredient 1G 1H Active ingredient mixture1 27.91 27.92 Water 21.41 21.68 Seed coating b1ank3 17.17 17.17 IMPRANIL DL 26116 —— —— ---- DISPERCOLL U XP 26998 4.48 -- ---- DISPERCOLL C 849 —— 4.21 ---- BAYBOND PU 33010 -- -- ---- IMPRANIL XP 153711 -- -- ---- 1 A liquid e of VORTEX fungicide, TRILEX fungicide, PONCHO/VOTIVO insecticide, and red dye, Bayer CropScience LLP. 2 PERIDIAM PRECISE SEED FINISHER 1006, Bayer ience LLP, which is a multifunctional seed coating that is a chemical mixture composed of a dispersion of a binder comprising carboxylated styrene-butadiene r in water, along with other ingredients, such as suspending agents, surfactants, fiers, dispersants, pigments, antimicrobial preservatives, and wax powder. 3 Same composition as Commercial polymeric seed coating but without the presence of the carboxylated styrene-butadiene polymer binder. 4 An anionic aliphatic polyether/polycarbonate polyurethane dispersion in water, 60% by weight non-volatile content, Covestro LLC.
An anionic tic polyester-polyurethane dispersion in water, 40% by weight non-volatile content, Covestro LLC, which was used as a comparative example — See US Published Patent Application No. 2014f0274685 A1. 6 An anionic tic polyester-polyurethane dispersion in water, 40% by weight non—volatile content, Covestro LLC. 7 A nic polyurethane polymer dispersed in water, 34.5% by weight volatile content, Covestro LLC. s polyurethane dispersion, 55% by weight polymer content, Covestro aqueous sion of polychlorobutadiene-1,3, 55% by weight polymer content, Covestro LLC.
An anionic/non-ionic polyester polyurethane resin dispersed in water, 30% by weight non—volatile content, Covestro LLC. 11 An anionic polyester polyurethane resin dispersed in water, 60% by weight volatile t, Covestro LLC.
Treatment of Corn Seeds ] For each of the compositions of Examples 1A-1J, 3.31 pounds (1.5 kg) of corn was placed into a laboratory seed treater bowl equipped with a foot pedal to spin the bowl. While the bowl was spinning, 15.7 mL of the seed treatment composition was added to the treater using a 25 mL c syringe.
Once the seed treatment composition was added and thoroughly mixed with the corn for about 30 to 60 seconds, the corn was discharged from the treater. Seed treatments for each composition were done twice for each type of corn (Seed A and Seed B) to obtain 6.62 pounds (3.0 kg) of treated corn seeds. "Seed A" refers to hybrid dent corn seed of 1564 seeds per pound with a size of 25\20 F (?at).
"Seed B" refers to hybrid dent corn seed of 1729 seeds per pound with a size of \16 R (round).
Each of the es 1E, 1K, and 1L had the same composition, but the seed ent s differed. The seed treatment process for Example lE was as described above.
] In the case of e 1K, 331 pounds (1.5 kg) of corn was placed into a laboratory seed treater bowl equipped with a foot pedal to spin the treater bowl. A mixture of the water and IMPRANIL DL 2611 dispersion was pre—made, while the other seed treatment ents (the active ingredient mixture and seed coating blank) were combined separately. While the bowl was spinning, 9.9 mL of active ingredient mixture and seed coating blank combination was first added to the r containing the spinning corn seed. Then, 5.7 mL of the water and IMPRANIL DL 2611 dispersion combination was added to the corn seed under spinning using a 25 mL plastic syringe. The treated corn seed was thoroughly mixed for about 30 to 60 seconds, and the corn was discharged from the treater. Seed treatments were done twice for each type of corn (Seed A and Seed B) to obtain 6.62 pounds (3.0 kg) of treated corn seeds.
In the case of Example IL, 3.31 pounds ( 1.5 kg) of corn was placed into a laboratory seed treater bowl equipped with a foot pedal to spin the treater bowl. A mixture of the seed coating blank and IMPRANIL DL 2611 dispersion was pre-made, while the other seed treatment components (the active ingredient mixture and water) were combined separately. While the bowl was spinning, 10.6 mL of active ingredient/water mixture was first added to the treater containing the spinning corn seed. Then, 5.1 mL of the seed coating blank/IMPRANIL DL 2611 dispersion combination was added to the corn seed under spinning using a 25 mL plastic syringe. The treated corn seed was thoroughly mixed for about 30 to 60 s, and the corn was discharged from the treater. Seed treatments were done twice for each type of corn (Seed A and Seed B) to obtain 6.62 pounds (3.0 kg) of treated corn seeds.
The treated corn seed was tested for wet and dry flowability, dust, and plantability. Wet ?owability was determined by passing 6.62 pounds (3.0 kg) of freshly treated corn seed through a test funnel having a 1 5/8 inch diameter orifice. Flowability was determined as the time (in seconds) that it took for all of the corn to pass through the funnel. Recorded results are the average of three measurements. Dry flowability was determined in the same manner as wet ?owability except that the test was conducted 24 hours after the seed treatment was ted. Dust (reported as grams of dust per 100 grams of corn seed) was measured using a Heubach Dustmeter (Type 1) according to German ry rd DIN 55 992, Part 1. Percent singulation was determined with a METERMAX Ultra Test Stand from Precision ng LLC having a John Deere MAXEMERGE Vacuum Meter attached. Three runs of 1000 seeds each were conducted and the recorded results re?ect the average of the three runs. The test stand ters were set to simulate the planting of 35,000 seeds per acre (4046 m2) at a speed of 5 miles (8.05 km) per hour with 30 inch (76.2 cm) rows. Results are set forth in Table 2.
Table 2 Wet Flow Dry Flow Percent Singulation Example Seed B Seed A Seed A Seed B Seed A Seed B 1A 15.37 15.62 12.32 12.32 0.0005 0.0002 99.2 99.5 1B 16.43 16.18 13.21 13.04 0.0032 0.0022 97.8 99.2 1C 17.51 16.60 13.68 13.17 0.0005 0.0005 96.2 98.7 1D 16.87 15.94 12.70 12.70 0.0003 0.0004 95.1 98.8 1E 16.49 15.67 12.17 12.17 0.0007 0.0006 99.0 99.7 1F 16.86 16.29 13.13 12.65 0.0010 0.0008 98.3 99.5 1G 17.10 16.27 13.85 13.31 0.0013 0.0008 88.4 98.1 1H 17.49 16.30 13.69 12.98 0.0006 0.0004 93.5 98.8 11 17.18 16.14 13.42 12.72 0.0004 0.0002 78.2 96.4 1] 15.74 15.57 12.79 12.32 0.0006 0.0006 97.7 99.6 1K 15.17 14.48 12.54 11.80 0.0007 0.0004 98.7 99.7 1L 14.90 14.79 12.21 11.92 0.0005 0.0005 99.1 99.8 Example 2 ] Seed treatment compositions were prepared using the ingredients and amounts (in milliliters) listed in Table 3. In each case, the listed ingredients were added to a le container and then mixed using a glass rod stirrer until a homogeneous mixture was obtained.
Table 3 Example Ingredient 2A 2B 2C 2D 2E Active ingredient mixture1 27.91 27.92 27.92 27.92 27.92 Water 21.77 25.89 19.99 20.01 20.01 Commercial polymeric seed coating2 ---- -- Seed coating blank3 ---17.17 BAYHYDROL UH XP 271912 - 5.90 5.90 5.90 12 An aliphatic, polyester-based, anionic polyurethane dispersion in water, 40% by weight non—volatile content, Covestro LLC.
Treatment of Corn Seeds For each of the itions of Examples 2A-2C, corn seeds were treated in the manner bed above for Examples 1A-1J.
In the case of Example 2D, 3.31 pounds (1.5 kg) of corn was placed into a laboratory seed trater bowl equipped with a foot pedal to spin the treater bowl. A mixture of the water and BAYHYDROL UH XP 2719 dispersion was pre-made, while the other seed treatment components (the active ingredient mixture and seed coating blank) were combined tely. While the bowl was spinning, 9.9 mL of the active ingredient/seed coating blank mixture was first added to the treater containing the spinning corn seed. Then, 5.7 mL of the water/ ROL UH XP 2719 dispersion combination was added to the corn seed under spinning using a 25 mL plastic syringe. The treated corn seed was mixed thoroughly for about 30 to 60 seconds, and the corn was discharged from the treater. Seed treatments were done twice for each type of corn (Seed A and Seed B) to obtain 6.62 pounds (3.0 kg) of treated corn seeds.
In the case of Example 2E, 3.31 pounds ( 1.5 am) of corn was placed into a laboratory seed treater bowl equipped with a foot pedal to spin the treater bowl. A mixture of the seed coating blank and ROL UH XP 2719 sion was pre-made, while the other seed treatment components (the water and the active ingredient mixture) were combined separately. While the bowl was spinning, 10.6 mL of the active ingredient mixture/water combination was first added to the treater containing the spinning corn seed. Then, 5.1 mL of the seed coating blank/BAYHYDROL UH XP 2719 dispersion combination was added to the corn seed under spinning using a 25 mL c syringe. The treated corn seed was mixed thoroughly for about 30 to 60 seconds, and the corn was discharged from the treater. Seed treatments were done twice for each type of corn (Seed A and Seed B) to obtain 6.62 pounds (3.0 kg) of treated corn seeds.
"Seed A" and "Seed B" were as described in Example 1.
The treated corn seed was tested for wet ?owability, dry ?owability, dust, and plantability as bed above in e 1. Results are set forth in Table 4.
Table 4 Wet Flow Dry Flow Dust Percent Singulation Example SeedA SeedB SeedA SeedB SeedA SeedB SeedA 2A 15.25 15.42 12 66 12.44 0.0004 0.0002 98.9 2B 16.07 16.15 13 69 13.41 0.0024 0.0018 97.2 2C 15.64 15.28 12.91 12.40 0.0009 0.0008 98.8 m 2D 15.19 15.26 12.66 12.72 0.0011 0.0010 98.7 2E 14.44 14.31 12.43 12.28 0.0009 0.0006 99.3 Example 3 Seed treatment compositions were prepared using the ingredients and amounts (in milliliters) listed in Table 5 using the procedure described above in Example 1.
Tables Example Ingredient 3A 3B 3C 3E 3F 3G Active ingredient mixture1 27.91 27.92 27.92 27.92 27.92 27.92 27.92 Water 21.77 25.89 21.01 21.19 21.19 20.66 21.45 Commercial ric seed g2 22.18 -— -- Seed coating blank3 -- 17.17 17.17 17.17 )—L >1 p—i \l 17.17 17.17 STYROFAN NX 6690 X13 -— -— 4.88 IMPRANIL LP DSB 106914 -- -- -- .9 \lO DISPERCOLL U 5415 -— -— -- 45. ' \IO I I I I COLL U 875516 —— —— —— -- IMPRANIL DL 26116 —— —— —— _4.44 Example Active ingredient mixturel 27.93 27.92 27.92 27.92 27.92 Water 19.10 17.55 18.04 19.41 18.53 Seed coating blank3 17.17 17.17 17.17 17.17 BAYBOND PU 33010 2.88 3.02 6.21 -_-- BAYHYDROL UH XP 271912 1.95 5.32 —— 2.13 IMPRANIL DL 26116 1.95 —— 1.64 -—5.23 Table 5 continued Example Ingredient 3O 3P 3Q 3R 3S 3T 3U Active ingredient mixture1 27.92 27.91 27.92 27.93 27.93 27.92 27.91 Water 18.53 18.53 15.95 19.10 21.45 20.83 17.64 Seed coating blank3 17.17 17.17 17.17 17.17 17.17 17.17 17.17 BAYBOND PU 33010 —— —— 8.12 2.71 BAYHYDROL UH XP 271912 —— 5.37 1.82 1.95 1.15 3.11 —— IMPRANIL DL 26116 7.36 2.00 —— 1.95 3.28 -- 5.55 Example Ingredient 3V 3W 3X 32 3AA 31313 Active ingredient mixturel 27.92 27.92 27.92 27.92 27.93 27.91 27.91 Water 21.45 20.83 20.43 15.07 18.08 19.10 16.00 Seed coating blank3 17.17 17.17 17.17 17.17 17.17 17.17 17.17 BAYBOND PU 33010 —— 1.95 3.24 10.82 6.03 2.88 7.90 BAYHYDROL UH XP 271912 3.11 —— 1.11 - 1.77 1.95 - IMPRANIL DL 26116 1.33 3.11 1.11 -— 2.00 13 Carboxylated styrene/butadiene sion in water, 52-53% by weight solids content, BASF Corporation. 14 An anionic, aliphatic, polyether-polyurethane sion in water, 50% by weight non-volatile content, ro LLC.
An aqueous anionic dispersion of a polyurethane, 50% by weight non—volatile content, Covestro LLC. 16 An aqueous anionic dispersion of a polyurethane, 45% by weight non—volatile content, Covestro LLC.
Treatment of Corn Seeds For each of the compositions of Examples 3A-3BB, corn seeds were treated in the manner described above for Examples 1A-1J. "Seed A" and "Seed B" were as described in e 1. The treated com seed was tested for wet ?owability, dry flowability, dust, and plantability as described above in Example 1. Results are set forth in Table 6.
Table6 Wet Flow Dr Flow Dust Percent Sin_ulati0n Examle SeedA SeedB SeedA SeedB SeedA SeedB 3A 15.56 12.80 0.0004 0.0002 98.7 99.7 3B 16.55 13.25 0.0024 0.0014 97.9 99.2 3C 15.52 12.77 0.0003 0.0002 99.4 99.7 3D 16.70 13.44 0.0003 0.0002 95.6 99.1 3E 17.01 13.14 0.0011 0.0005 96.8 99.7 3F 17.27 13.08 0.0007 0.0006 97.5 99.4 3G 16.31 12.54 0.0005 0.0005 98.8 99.7 3H 17.04 13.07 0.0004 0.0003 98.5 99.6 31 16.38 15.67 13.85 13.02 0.0009 0.0006 98.1 99.7 3] 17.40 16.01 14.31 12.97 0.0001 0.0002 97.0 99.4 3K 17.39 13.35 0.0003 0.0001 95.1 99.4 3L 16.73 13.37 0.0030 0.0019 97.4 99.3 3M 17.00 13.61 0.0038 0.0023 98.1 99.2 3N 16.48 15.45 13.77 12.80 0.0004 0.0006 98.7 99.8 16.54 15.01 13.32 12.53 0.0005 0.0004 98.8 99.7 3P 16.95 15.73 14.06 13.38 0.0015 0.0016 98.0 99.7 3Q 17.69 15.27 14.45 12.93 0.0003 0.0001 88.5 98.3 3R 16.46 12.72 0.0002 0.0002 98.5 99.7 38 16.35 15.14 13.56 12.78 0.0006 0.0006 98.6 99.6 3T 17.17 15.53 14.05 13.16 0.0014 0.0011 97.5 99.3 3U 16.95 15.10 13.30 12.57 0.0001 0.0006 98.7 99.8 3V 17.05 15.59 14.12 13.12 0.0016 0.0008 97.5 99.8 3W 16.84 12.99 0.0004 0.0004 98.4 99.9 3x 17.15 16.03 13.91 13.19 0.0004 0.0003 97.7 99.8 3Y 18.78 16.36 14.44 13.45 0.0001 0.0001 71.7 94.2 32 17.18 13.12 0.0005 0.0001 94.3 99.4 3AA 16.27 13.28 0.0006 0.0002 98.2 99.6 3BB 16.78 13.26 0.0002 0.0002 90.9 98.5 Example 4 Seed ent compositions were prepared using the ingredients and amounts (in milliliters) listed in Table 7 using the procedure described above in Example 1.
Table 7 Example Ingredient 4A 4B -n_ 4G Active ingredient nnxtuie1 27.92 27.92 27.92 27.92 27.92 27.92 27.92 Water 20.88 25.89 22.74 Commercial polymeric seed coating2 22.18 -- --_—- Seed coating blank3 —— 17.17 17.17 17.17 Polyethylene Wax17 -- -- --——- BAYBOND PU 33010 -- -- --— 0.67 IMPRANIL DL 26116 —— —— 2.97 2.48 Example Ingredient 4H 41 4K 4L 4M 4N Active ingredient mixture1 27.92 27.92 27.92 27.92 Water 20.21 18.70 19.77 19.81 Seed coating blank3 17.17 17.17 17.17 17.17 Polyethylene Wax" 2.53 —- --_ 2.53 BAYBOND PU 33010 0.67 4.26 2.13 1.91 BAYHYDROL UH XP 271912 —— —— --— 0.31 IL DL 26116 2.48 2.93 -1.46 2.66 1.33 1.33 17 MICHEM Wax 437, Michelman, Inc.
Treatment of Corn Seeds For each of the compositions of es 4A-4N, corn seeds were treated in the manner described above for Examples 1A-1J. "Seed A" and "Seed B" were as described in Example 1. "Seed C" refers to hybrid dent corn seed of 2034 seeds per pound with a size of 20\l6 F (?at). The treated corn seed was tested for wet ?owability, dry ?owability, dust, and bility as described above in Example 1. Results are set forth in Table 8.
Table 8 Wet Flow Dry Flow Example Seed A Seed B Seed C Seed A Seed B Seed C 4A 16.09 16.13 15.74 13.44 13.18 13.17 4B 1652 17.02 16.63 13.86 14.10 14.46 16.13 16.20 15.60 13.26 13.27 13.28 4D 16.79 16.66 16.39 13.74 13.62 13.70 4E 16.66 16.78 16.51 13.97 14.09 14.06 4F 16.45 16.52 16.56 13.69 13.58 13.54 46 16.94 16.55 17.02 13.92 13.59 13.99 16.73 16.65 16.85 14.06 13.84 14.37 16.93 17.07 17.01 13.73 13.73 13.74 ----4] 16.91 16.87 16.75 14.01 13.81 14.03 4K 16.93 16.95 17.25 14.04 13.75 14.28 4L 17.67 17.07 17.70 14.10 13.72 14.13 17.09 16.67 17.22 14.33 13.84 14.12 Table 8 nued[ ent Singulation SeedA SeedB SeedC 4F 0.0010 0.0004 0.0013 98.8 98.8 96.4 4K 0.0007 0.0011 0.0016 98.3 98.4 94.8 Example 5 ] Films were produced from various ric dispersions using the ingredients and amounts (percent by weight based on resin solids) listed in Table 9. For evaluation of microhardness and glass transition temperature, a test sample was prepared by applying 8 mils (203 um) wet film thickness of the formulation onto a 3" X 6" glass panel. The formulation was left to dry for 24 hours after application. Microhardness (Marten’s hardness) ements were done using Fischerscope H100C instrument with the method described in DIN 14577.
Microhardness readings were taken under a 30 mN test load run to a maximum of pm indentation depth over a 20 second application time. Results reported are an average of three readings for each formulation. Glass transition temperature (Tg) was evaluated using Differential scanning calorimetry (DSC) conducted with Perkin Elmer DSC7 using a liquid nitrogen bath. The samples were evaluated from -100°C to 100°C, cooled, and reheated using a 20°C/minute ramp rate. For tion of tensile strength and percent elongation, samples were prepared by applying 10 mils (254 um) wet film thickness of the formulation onto a 6" X 12" glass panel. The formulation was left to dry for 24 hours after application. The panel was then soaked in warm water to peel it from the glass substrate. Once peeled, the film was dried with a paper towel. Using a die cutter, dog-bone samples were cut and tensile th and percent elongation were measured using an INSTRON 4444 apparatus at a grip ce of 2.5" at a crosshead speed of 20 inchfminute. Results reported for percent elongation and tensile strength are an average of three readings for each formulation. Results are set forth in Table 9.
Table 9 Example Ingredient 5A 5B 5C 5E SE SG STYROFAN NX 6690 X13 100 -- -- -_ -- IMPRANIL DLU4 -- -_ -- IMPRANIL DLN5 —— -_ -- IMPRANIL DL 26116 —— —— -- 100_ -- BAYBOND PU 4067 —— -— -- - -- DISPERCOLL U XP 26998 -- -— -- - -- DISPERCOLL C 849 —— -— -- -_ 100 Test Results Fischer ardness (N/mmz) 2.3 1 1 0.6 2.2 1.4 2.2 Glass Transition Temperature (C) 11 -65 -47 -31 -64 -58 -45 Percent Elongation 301 700 700 225 275 800 800 1082 3600 2900 5048 1200 1500 2900 e Strength (lb/in2(kg/cm2)) (76) (253) (204) (355) (84) (105) (204) Table 9 gcontinuedt Ingredient 5H SI IMPRANIL DL 26116 __ __ BAYBOND PU 33010 100 -- IMPRANIL XP 153711 —— 100 ROL UH XP 271912 -- —_ IMPRANIL LP DSB 106914 -- —_ DISPERCOLL U 5415 -- __ DISPERCOLL U 875516 __ __ Test Results Fischer Microhardness (N/mmz) 0.4 0.7 Glass Transition Temperature (C) —48 -4 Percent Elongation 700 650 130 2175 Tensile Strength 2(kg/cm2)) (9) (153) Table 9 {continuedg Ingredient 50 SP IMPRANIL DL 26116 -- 28 BAYBOND PU 33010 28 72 BAYHYDROL UH XP 271912 72 -- Test Results Fischer Microhardness (N/mmz) 20.1 0.7 Glass Transition Temperature (°C) -46 -47 Percent Elongation 300 255 2452 377 Tensile Strength (lb/in2(kg/cm2)) (172) (27) Table 9 {continued[ Ingredient 5V 5W IMPRANIL DL 26116 75 30 BAYBOND PU 33010 25 —- BAYHYDROL UH XP 271912 —— 70 Test Results r Microhardness (N/mmz) 4.5 34.4 Glass Transition Temperature (C) —45 -42 Percent Elongation 262 210 3156 4688 942 Tensile Strength (lb/in2(kg/cm2)) (222) (330) (167) (66) Table 9 gc0ntinued1 Example ient SCC SDD IMPRANIL DL 26116 50 45 BAYBOND PU 33010 50 45 BAYHYDROL UH XP 271912 -- 10 Test Results Fischer ardness (N/mmz) 2.5 3.7 Glass Transition Temperature (0C) -55 -55 t Elongation 383 364 927 1 176 Tensile Strength (lb/in2(k /cm2))g <65) <83) * A film sufficient for percent elongation and tensile strength evaluation was not produced.
Example 6 The data from Examples 1-4 was analyzed using multivariable regression analysis using JMP 11.1 re (SAS Institute, Cary, NC). Each model was built with the resin loading and the treatment (PUD or blend of PUD’s) as main effects, with blocking on Example number and seed type (only type A and type B were used). Because of the nature of the data, the following ormations of the responses were used: (i) log of the dust and (ii) logit of singulation. No transformation was used for the ?ow data. Using the estimated parameters from the model, a predicted response was generated for each treatment at a loading of 17 g resin per 100 pounds of corn. s are set forth in Table Table 10 Example Ingredient 6A 6E STYROFAN NX 6690 X13 100 -- Blank IMPRANIL DLU4 IMPRANIL DLN5 IMPRANIL DL 26116 100 BAYBOND PU 4067 COLL U XP 26998 Test Results Wet Flow (seconds) 15.55 16.48 16.64 Dry Flow (seconds) 12.75 13.34 1322 Dust .00029 .001 .00029 Percent singulation 99.43 98.18 97.76 Table 10 1c0ntinued1 Example Ingredient 6H 61 (SJ 6K 6L 6M 6N BAYBONDPU 33010 -- _ -- -- IMPRANILXP153711 —— -- 100 _ -- -- ROL UH XP -- -- -- 271912 IMPRANIL LPDSB106914 —— _ -- -- DISPERCOLL U 875516 -- -- -- -- -- -- 100 TestResults WetFlow(sec0nds) 17.14 16.98 15.89 15.80 16.25 16.45 16.20 DryFlow(seconds) 13.85 13.59 13.07 13.18 13.50 13.31 13.39 Dust .00038 .00015 .00045 .00171 .00026 .00073 .00064 Percentsingulation 97.45 94.26 99.17 99.16 98.15 99.01 98.80 Table 10 {continuedg Example BAYBOND PU 33010 33 28 72 -- -- BAYHYDROL UH XP 33 72 -- 28 73 25 26 271912 TestResults Wet Flow (seconds) 16.05 158815.67 Dry Flow (seconds) 13.06 .78 Dust .00028 .00088 .00048 Percent singulation 99.29 99.33 99.17 Table 10 {continuedg Example Ingredient 6V 6W 6BB IMPRANIL DL 26116 —— 75 70 25 -- BAYBOND PU 33010 30 25 -- 30 50 70 73 BAYHYDROL UH XP 70 -- 70 —- 25 30 -- 271912 Test Results Wet Flow (seconds) 16.28 15.88 16.17 16.51 16.65 Dry Flow (seconds) 13.21 12.67 12.79 13.16 13.26 Dust .00097 .00029 Percent singulation 98.55 99.54 99.17 99.57 99.27 98.23 96.84 Table 10 gcontinuedg Ingredient 6CC 6DD 6EE IMPRANIL DL 26116 85 50 45 BAYBOND PU 33010 15 50 45 BAYHYDROL UH XP 271912 -— —- 10 Test Results Wet Flow (seconds) 16.63 Dry Flow (seconds) 13.28 Dust .00052 .00046 .00052 Percent singulation 99.10 As a result of the foregoing, it is currently ed that seed treatment compositions sing: (A) an aqueous polyurethane dispersion; and (B) an insecticide, a fungicide, a nematicide, and/or other pesticides, wherein the aqueous polyurethane sion forms a film exhibiting: (a) a microhardness of 4 to 34 N/mm2; (b) a Tg of -790C to -4DC, (c) a percent elongation of 44 to 300, and (d) a tensile strength of 2500 lb/in2 (17.2 MPa) to 5600 lb/in2 (38.6 MPa), when applying to a seed comprising corn seed, m seed, oat seed, rye seed, barley seed, soybean seed, vegetable seed, wheat seed, sugarbeat seed, rice, sun?ower seed, lettuce seed, and/or spinach seed issues, can exhibit dust emission, percent singulation and flow properties during ng, particularly vacuum planting, that are comparable the results obtained when using a seed treatment composition in which a polyolefin binder is used at the same loading. An advantage of the seed treatment itions bed herein, however, is that they disintegrable by moisture in the soil due to the significant ce of a polyester.
This specification has been written with reference to various non- limiting and non-exhaustive embodiments. However, it will be recognized by persons having ordinary skill in the art that various substitutions, cations, or combinations of any of the disclosed embodiments (or portions thereof) may be made within the scope of this specification. Thus, it is contemplated and understood that this specification supports onal embodiments not expressly set forth herein. Such embodiments may be obtained, for example, by combining, modifying, or nizing any of the disclosed steps, components, elements, features, aspects, characteristics, limitations, and the like, of the various non— limiting embodiments described in this specification. In this manner, Applicant(s) reserve the right to amend the claims during prosecution to add features as variously described in this specification, and such amendments comply with the requirements of 35 U.S.C. § 112, first paragraph, and 35 U.S.C. § 132(a).

Claims (12)

WHAT IS D IS:
1. A method for treating a seed, comprising applying to the seed an aqueous seed treatment composition comprising: (A) an s polyester-polyurethane dispersion; and (B) one or more insecticides, fungicides, nematicides and/or other pesticides, wherein (1) the aqueous polyurethane dispersion forms a film exhibiting: (a) a microhardness of 4 to 34 N/mm2; (b) a Tg of -79°C to -4°C, (c) a percent elongation of 44 to 300, and (d) a tensile strength of 2500 lb/in2 (17.2 MPa) to 5600lb/in2 (38.6 MPa), and (2) the seed comprises one selected from the group consisting of corn seed, m seed, oat seed, rye seed, barley seed, soybean seed, vegetable seed, wheat seed, sugarbeat seed, rice, sunflower seed, e seed, and spinach seed, wherein the aqueous polyester-polyurethane dispersion comprises a mixture at least two aqueous polyurethane dispersions, whereinthe at least two polyurethanes are the reaction ts of reactants comprising: (i) a polyisocyanate; (ii) a ter polyol having a number average molecular weight of 400 to 8,000g/mol; (iii) a compound comprising at least one isocyanate-reactive group and an anionic group or potentially anionic group; (iv) a mono functional polyalkylene ether; (v) a polyol having a molecular weight of less than <400 g/mol; and (vi) a polyamine or amino alcohol having a molecular weight of from 32 to 400 g/mol, wherein the at least two aqueous polyurethane dispersions se (A) an anionic aliphatic polyester-polyurethane that is a reaction product of components (i), (ii), (iii), (v), and (vi), andan anionic tic polyester-polyurethane, ent from (A), that is a reaction product of components (i), (ii), (iii), (v), and (vi) and further comprises (C) an anionic/non-ionic polyester polyurethane that is different from (A) and (B) and is a reaction product of components (i), (ii), (iii), (iv), and (vi) and wherein the weight ratio of (A), (B) and (C) in the composition is such that (A+B)/(C) is greater than 1.
2. The method of claim 1, wherein: (a) the microhardness is 4 to 25 N/mm2, (b) the Tg is -48°C to -30°C, and/or (c) the percent elongation is 100to 300.
3. The method of claim 1, wherein the polyester polyol is a reaction t of butanediol and/or neopentyl glycol and/or hexanediol with adipic acid and/or ic acid.
4. Themethod of any one of claims 1to 3, wherein the aqueous composition r comprises a polyethylene wax.
5. The method ofclaim 1, wherein the seed comprises a corn seed selected from the group consisting of sweet corn, silver queen corn, golden bantam, early sunglow, Indian corn, sugar corn, pole corn, field corn, dent corn, flint corn, flour corn, blue corn, popcorn and waxy corn.
6. A seed treated according to the method ofany one ofclaims1to 5.
7. The seed of claim 6, wherein the seed comprises corn seed.
8. The seed of claim 7, wherein the corn seed is selected from the group consisting of sweet corn, silver queencorn, golden bantam, early sunglow, Indian corn, sugar corn, pole corn, field corn, dent corn, flint corn, flour corn, blue corn, popcorn and waxy corn.
9. A seed treated according to the method of claim 2.
10. The seed of claim 9, wherein the seed comprises a corn seed selected from the group consisting of sweet corn, silver queen corn, golden bantam, early sunglow, Indian corn, sugar corn, pole corn, field corn, dent corn, flint corn, flour corn, blue corn, popcorn and waxy corn.
11. A method according to claim 1, substantially as herein described or exemplified.
12. A seed ing to claim 6, substantially as herein described or exemplified.
NZ749317A 2017-07-03 Methods for treating seeds with an aqueous compostion and seeds treated therewith NZ749317B2 (en)

Applications Claiming Priority (2)

Application Number Priority Date Filing Date Title
US15/206,668 US10653135B2 (en) 2016-07-11 2016-07-11 Methods for treating seeds with an aqueous composition and seeds treated therewith
PCT/US2017/040577 WO2018013380A1 (en) 2016-07-11 2017-07-03 Methods for treating seeds with an aqueous compostion and seeds treated therewith

Publications (2)

Publication Number Publication Date
NZ749317A NZ749317A (en) 2023-09-29
NZ749317B2 true NZ749317B2 (en) 2024-01-04

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