NZ717735B2 - System and methods for addition of beneficial agricultural, biological, and/or dedusting additives to granular fertilizers - Google Patents
System and methods for addition of beneficial agricultural, biological, and/or dedusting additives to granular fertilizers Download PDFInfo
- Publication number
- NZ717735B2 NZ717735B2 NZ717735A NZ71773514A NZ717735B2 NZ 717735 B2 NZ717735 B2 NZ 717735B2 NZ 717735 A NZ717735 A NZ 717735A NZ 71773514 A NZ71773514 A NZ 71773514A NZ 717735 B2 NZ717735 B2 NZ 717735B2
- Authority
- NZ
- New Zealand
- Prior art keywords
- fertilizer granules
- agent
- combinations
- conditioning agent
- granules
- Prior art date
Links
- 239000003337 fertilizer Substances 0.000 title claims abstract description 96
- 239000000654 additive Substances 0.000 title claims abstract description 41
- 230000003750 conditioning Effects 0.000 claims abstract description 97
- 239000008187 granular material Substances 0.000 claims abstract description 91
- 239000003795 chemical substances by application Substances 0.000 claims abstract description 75
- 239000000203 mixture Substances 0.000 claims abstract description 36
- 239000000428 dust Substances 0.000 claims abstract description 34
- XLYOFNOQVPJJNP-UHFFFAOYSA-N water Substances O XLYOFNOQVPJJNP-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 claims abstract description 29
- KRKNYBCHXYNGOX-UHFFFAOYSA-N citric acid Chemical compound OC(=O)CC(O)(C(O)=O)CC(O)=O KRKNYBCHXYNGOX-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 claims abstract description 18
- 239000002245 particle Substances 0.000 claims abstract description 18
- 239000002686 phosphate fertilizer Substances 0.000 claims abstract description 13
- 229920002873 Polyethylenimine Polymers 0.000 claims abstract description 12
- QAOWNCQODCNURD-UHFFFAOYSA-N Sulfuric acid Chemical compound OS(O)(=O)=O QAOWNCQODCNURD-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 claims abstract description 12
- KCXVZYZYPLLWCC-UHFFFAOYSA-N edta Chemical compound OC(=O)CN(CC(O)=O)CCN(CC(O)=O)CC(O)=O KCXVZYZYPLLWCC-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 claims abstract description 12
- 230000003993 interaction Effects 0.000 claims abstract description 12
- NBIIXXVUZAFLBC-UHFFFAOYSA-N phosphoric acid Chemical compound OP(O)(O)=O NBIIXXVUZAFLBC-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 claims abstract description 12
- 239000000725 suspension Substances 0.000 claims abstract description 12
- 239000002535 acidifier Substances 0.000 claims abstract description 9
- 239000002738 chelating agent Substances 0.000 claims abstract description 9
- 239000002274 desiccant Substances 0.000 claims abstract description 9
- 238000002156 mixing Methods 0.000 claims abstract description 8
- YJISHJVIRFPGGN-UHFFFAOYSA-N 5-[5-[3,4-dihydroxy-6-(hydroxymethyl)-5-methoxyoxan-2-yl]oxy-6-[[3,4-dihydroxy-6-(hydroxymethyl)-5-methoxyoxan-2-yl]oxymethyl]-3,4-dihydroxyoxan-2-yl]oxy-6-(hydroxymethyl)-2-methyloxane-3,4-diol Chemical compound O1C(CO)C(OC)C(O)C(O)C1OCC1C(OC2C(C(O)C(OC)C(CO)O2)O)C(O)C(O)C(OC2C(OC(C)C(O)C2O)CO)O1 YJISHJVIRFPGGN-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 claims abstract description 6
- 229920002261 Corn starch Polymers 0.000 claims abstract description 6
- 229920002472 Starch Polymers 0.000 claims abstract description 6
- IIACRCGMVDHOTQ-UHFFFAOYSA-N Sulfamic acid Chemical compound NS(O)(=O)=O IIACRCGMVDHOTQ-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 claims abstract description 6
- 229940100445 WHEAT STARCH Drugs 0.000 claims abstract description 6
- 229910000147 aluminium phosphate Inorganic materials 0.000 claims abstract description 6
- 239000008120 corn starch Substances 0.000 claims abstract description 6
- 238000005507 spraying Methods 0.000 claims abstract description 5
- 239000000243 solution Substances 0.000 claims description 23
- XEEYBQQBJWHFJM-UHFFFAOYSA-N iron Chemical compound [Fe] XEEYBQQBJWHFJM-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 claims description 10
- 230000001143 conditioned Effects 0.000 claims description 8
- 244000005700 microbiome Species 0.000 claims description 8
- 150000007523 nucleic acids Chemical class 0.000 claims description 6
- 108020004707 nucleic acids Proteins 0.000 claims description 6
- ZOXJGFHDIHLPTG-UHFFFAOYSA-N boron Chemical compound [B] ZOXJGFHDIHLPTG-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 claims description 5
- 229910052796 boron Inorganic materials 0.000 claims description 5
- OYPRJOBELJOOCE-UHFFFAOYSA-N calcium Chemical compound [Ca] OYPRJOBELJOOCE-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 claims description 5
- 239000011575 calcium Substances 0.000 claims description 5
- 229910052791 calcium Inorganic materials 0.000 claims description 5
- 239000000460 chlorine Substances 0.000 claims description 5
- 229910052801 chlorine Inorganic materials 0.000 claims description 5
- ZAMOUSCENKQFHK-UHFFFAOYSA-N chlorine atom Chemical compound [Cl] ZAMOUSCENKQFHK-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 claims description 5
- 229910052802 copper Inorganic materials 0.000 claims description 5
- RYGMFSIKBFXOCR-UHFFFAOYSA-N copper Chemical compound [Cu] RYGMFSIKBFXOCR-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 claims description 5
- 239000010949 copper Substances 0.000 claims description 5
- 229910052742 iron Inorganic materials 0.000 claims description 5
- FYYHWMGAXLPEAU-UHFFFAOYSA-N magnesium Chemical compound [Mg] FYYHWMGAXLPEAU-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 claims description 5
- 239000011777 magnesium Substances 0.000 claims description 5
- 229910052749 magnesium Inorganic materials 0.000 claims description 5
- PWHULOQIROXLJO-UHFFFAOYSA-N manganese Chemical compound [Mn] PWHULOQIROXLJO-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 claims description 5
- 229910052748 manganese Inorganic materials 0.000 claims description 5
- 239000011572 manganese Substances 0.000 claims description 5
- ZOKXTWBITQBERF-UHFFFAOYSA-N molybdenum Chemical compound [Mo] ZOKXTWBITQBERF-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 claims description 5
- 229910052750 molybdenum Inorganic materials 0.000 claims description 5
- 239000011733 molybdenum Substances 0.000 claims description 5
- HCHKCACWOHOZIP-UHFFFAOYSA-N zinc Chemical compound [Zn] HCHKCACWOHOZIP-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 claims description 5
- 239000011701 zinc Substances 0.000 claims description 5
- 229910052725 zinc Inorganic materials 0.000 claims description 5
- 150000001413 amino acids Chemical class 0.000 claims description 4
- 241000228212 Aspergillus Species 0.000 claims description 3
- 241000589941 Azospirillum Species 0.000 claims description 3
- 241000193830 Bacillus <bacterium> Species 0.000 claims description 3
- 241000894006 Bacteria Species 0.000 claims description 3
- 241000223679 Beauveria Species 0.000 claims description 3
- 241000222120 Candida <Saccharomycetales> Species 0.000 claims description 3
- 102000004190 Enzymes Human genes 0.000 claims description 3
- 108090000790 Enzymes Proteins 0.000 claims description 3
- 241000233866 Fungi Species 0.000 claims description 3
- 241000223201 Metarhizium Species 0.000 claims description 3
- 102000015731 Peptide Hormones Human genes 0.000 claims description 3
- 108010038988 Peptide Hormones Proteins 0.000 claims description 3
- 241000589180 Rhizobium Species 0.000 claims description 3
- 241000223252 Rhodotorula Species 0.000 claims description 3
- 241000235070 Saccharomyces Species 0.000 claims description 3
- 241000235346 Schizosaccharomyces Species 0.000 claims description 3
- 239000000589 Siderophore Substances 0.000 claims description 3
- 241000222068 Sporobolomyces <Sporidiobolaceae> Species 0.000 claims description 3
- 241000223259 Trichoderma Species 0.000 claims description 3
- 241000223230 Trichosporon Species 0.000 claims description 3
- 229940029983 VITAMINS Drugs 0.000 claims description 3
- 229940021016 Vitamin IV solution additives Drugs 0.000 claims description 3
- 239000002207 metabolite Substances 0.000 claims description 3
- 239000000813 peptide hormone Substances 0.000 claims description 3
- 108090000765 processed proteins & peptides Proteins 0.000 claims description 3
- 102000004196 processed proteins & peptides Human genes 0.000 claims description 3
- 239000004094 surface-active agent Substances 0.000 claims description 3
- 239000011782 vitamin Substances 0.000 claims description 3
- 235000013343 vitamin Nutrition 0.000 claims description 3
- 229930003231 vitamins Natural products 0.000 claims description 3
- 239000007864 aqueous solution Substances 0.000 claims description 2
- 229910052816 inorganic phosphate Inorganic materials 0.000 claims description 2
- NINIDFKCEFEMDL-UHFFFAOYSA-N sulfur Chemical compound [S] NINIDFKCEFEMDL-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 claims description 2
- 239000011593 sulfur Substances 0.000 claims description 2
- 229910052717 sulfur Inorganic materials 0.000 claims description 2
- 230000000996 additive Effects 0.000 claims 7
- 238000003860 storage Methods 0.000 abstract description 10
- 238000004519 manufacturing process Methods 0.000 abstract description 6
- 230000002363 herbicidal Effects 0.000 abstract description 4
- 239000004009 herbicide Substances 0.000 abstract description 4
- 239000000575 pesticide Substances 0.000 abstract description 4
- 239000003124 biologic agent Substances 0.000 abstract 2
- 239000011785 micronutrient Substances 0.000 description 11
- 235000013369 micronutrients Nutrition 0.000 description 11
- 235000015097 nutrients Nutrition 0.000 description 11
- 235000013619 trace mineral Nutrition 0.000 description 11
- 229960000074 biopharmaceuticals Drugs 0.000 description 9
- IJGRMHOSHXDMSA-UHFFFAOYSA-N nitrogen Substances N#N IJGRMHOSHXDMSA-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 description 9
- 238000005469 granulation Methods 0.000 description 6
- 230000003179 granulation Effects 0.000 description 6
- 241000196324 Embryophyta Species 0.000 description 5
- 239000011248 coating agent Substances 0.000 description 5
- 238000000576 coating method Methods 0.000 description 5
- 239000007789 gas Substances 0.000 description 5
- 239000007788 liquid Substances 0.000 description 5
- 239000000463 material Substances 0.000 description 5
- 238000000034 method Methods 0.000 description 5
- 229910052757 nitrogen Inorganic materials 0.000 description 5
- 229910052700 potassium Inorganic materials 0.000 description 5
- 239000000047 product Substances 0.000 description 5
- 239000000560 biocompatible material Substances 0.000 description 4
- -1 but not limited to Substances 0.000 description 4
- 238000001035 drying Methods 0.000 description 4
- ZLMJMSJWJFRBEC-UHFFFAOYSA-N potassium Chemical compound [K] ZLMJMSJWJFRBEC-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 description 4
- 239000011591 potassium Substances 0.000 description 4
- 150000003464 sulfur compounds Chemical class 0.000 description 4
- 150000001875 compounds Chemical class 0.000 description 3
- 238000009826 distribution Methods 0.000 description 3
- 238000004642 transportation engineering Methods 0.000 description 3
- LFVGISIMTYGQHF-UHFFFAOYSA-N Ammonium dihydrogen phosphate Chemical compound [NH4+].OP(O)([O-])=O LFVGISIMTYGQHF-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 description 2
- 235000019754 Grower Diet Nutrition 0.000 description 2
- 240000004808 Saccharomyces cerevisiae Species 0.000 description 2
- NBIIXXVUZAFLBC-UHFFFAOYSA-K [O-]P([O-])([O-])=O Chemical compound [O-]P([O-])([O-])=O NBIIXXVUZAFLBC-UHFFFAOYSA-K 0.000 description 2
- 150000003862 amino acid derivatives Chemical class 0.000 description 2
- 229910000387 ammonium dihydrogen phosphate Inorganic materials 0.000 description 2
- XKRFYHLGVUSROY-UHFFFAOYSA-N argon Chemical compound [Ar] XKRFYHLGVUSROY-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 description 2
- 230000001332 colony forming Effects 0.000 description 2
- MNNHAPBLZZVQHP-UHFFFAOYSA-N diammonium hydrogen phosphate Chemical compound [NH4+].[NH4+].OP([O-])([O-])=O MNNHAPBLZZVQHP-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 description 2
- 235000019838 diammonium phosphate Nutrition 0.000 description 2
- 201000010099 disease Diseases 0.000 description 2
- 230000002708 enhancing Effects 0.000 description 2
- 239000012530 fluid Substances 0.000 description 2
- 230000004048 modification Effects 0.000 description 2
- 238000006011 modification reaction Methods 0.000 description 2
- 235000019837 monoammonium phosphate Nutrition 0.000 description 2
- 239000006012 monoammonium phosphate Substances 0.000 description 2
- 239000010452 phosphate Substances 0.000 description 2
- 235000021317 phosphate Nutrition 0.000 description 2
- 229910052698 phosphorus Inorganic materials 0.000 description 2
- 229940072033 potash Drugs 0.000 description 2
- BWHMMNNQKKPAPP-UHFFFAOYSA-L potassium carbonate Substances [K+].[K+].[O-]C([O-])=O BWHMMNNQKKPAPP-UHFFFAOYSA-L 0.000 description 2
- 235000015320 potassium carbonate Nutrition 0.000 description 2
- 239000001103 potassium chloride Substances 0.000 description 2
- WCUXLLCKKVVCTQ-UHFFFAOYSA-M potassium chloride Chemical compound [Cl-].[K+] WCUXLLCKKVVCTQ-UHFFFAOYSA-M 0.000 description 2
- 235000011164 potassium chloride Nutrition 0.000 description 2
- KWYUFKZDYYNOTN-UHFFFAOYSA-M potassium hydroxide Chemical compound [OH-].[K+] KWYUFKZDYYNOTN-UHFFFAOYSA-M 0.000 description 2
- 239000002994 raw material Substances 0.000 description 2
- 150000003839 salts Chemical class 0.000 description 2
- 150000003384 small molecules Chemical class 0.000 description 2
- 239000011780 sodium chloride Substances 0.000 description 2
- 239000000126 substance Substances 0.000 description 2
- XSQUKJJJFZCRTK-UHFFFAOYSA-N urea Chemical compound NC(N)=O XSQUKJJJFZCRTK-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 description 2
- 238000009423 ventilation Methods 0.000 description 2
- OYTKINVCDFNREN-UHFFFAOYSA-N 3,4-Diaminopyridine Chemical compound NC1=CC=NC=C1N OYTKINVCDFNREN-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 description 1
- DVARTQFDIMZBAA-UHFFFAOYSA-O Ammonium nitrate Chemical compound [NH4+].[O-][N+]([O-])=O DVARTQFDIMZBAA-UHFFFAOYSA-O 0.000 description 1
- 239000005696 Diammonium phosphate Substances 0.000 description 1
- 229960004012 amifampridine Drugs 0.000 description 1
- 229910052786 argon Inorganic materials 0.000 description 1
- 239000010425 asbestos Substances 0.000 description 1
- PPBAJDRXASKAGH-UHFFFAOYSA-O azanium;urea Chemical compound [NH4+].NC(N)=O PPBAJDRXASKAGH-UHFFFAOYSA-O 0.000 description 1
- 239000004202 carbamide Substances 0.000 description 1
- OKTJSMMVPCPJKN-UHFFFAOYSA-N carbon Chemical compound [C] OKTJSMMVPCPJKN-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 description 1
- 239000004568 cement Substances 0.000 description 1
- 239000007795 chemical reaction product Substances 0.000 description 1
- 239000003245 coal Substances 0.000 description 1
- 239000008199 coating composition Substances 0.000 description 1
- 238000010586 diagram Methods 0.000 description 1
- 229910000388 diammonium phosphate Inorganic materials 0.000 description 1
- 230000003467 diminishing Effects 0.000 description 1
- 238000010410 dusting Methods 0.000 description 1
- 238000001704 evaporation Methods 0.000 description 1
- 239000000284 extract Substances 0.000 description 1
- 239000006052 feed supplement Substances 0.000 description 1
- 235000013305 food Nutrition 0.000 description 1
- 238000009472 formulation Methods 0.000 description 1
- 238000010348 incorporation Methods 0.000 description 1
- 239000011261 inert gas Substances 0.000 description 1
- 230000002401 inhibitory effect Effects 0.000 description 1
- 238000005259 measurement Methods 0.000 description 1
- 230000000813 microbial Effects 0.000 description 1
- 238000005065 mining Methods 0.000 description 1
- 230000000116 mitigating Effects 0.000 description 1
- 239000008188 pellet Substances 0.000 description 1
- 239000003208 petroleum Substances 0.000 description 1
- ABLZXFCXXLZCGV-UHFFFAOYSA-N phosphorous acid Chemical compound OP(O)=O ABLZXFCXXLZCGV-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 description 1
- OAICVXFJPJFONN-UHFFFAOYSA-N phosphorus Chemical compound [P] OAICVXFJPJFONN-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 description 1
- 239000011574 phosphorus Substances 0.000 description 1
- 230000002035 prolonged Effects 0.000 description 1
- 229910052895 riebeckite Inorganic materials 0.000 description 1
- 239000004576 sand Substances 0.000 description 1
- 239000007921 spray Substances 0.000 description 1
- 238000011144 upstream manufacturing Methods 0.000 description 1
- 239000002699 waste material Substances 0.000 description 1
Classifications
-
- B—PERFORMING OPERATIONS; TRANSPORTING
- B05—SPRAYING OR ATOMISING IN GENERAL; APPLYING FLUENT MATERIALS TO SURFACES, IN GENERAL
- B05B—SPRAYING APPARATUS; ATOMISING APPARATUS; NOZZLES
- B05B15/00—Details of spraying plant or spraying apparatus not otherwise provided for; Accessories
-
- C—CHEMISTRY; METALLURGY
- C05—FERTILISERS; MANUFACTURE THEREOF
- C05B—PHOSPHATIC FERTILISERS
- C05B17/00—Other phosphatic fertilisers, e.g. soft rock phosphates, bone meal
-
- C—CHEMISTRY; METALLURGY
- C05—FERTILISERS; MANUFACTURE THEREOF
- C05B—PHOSPHATIC FERTILISERS
- C05B7/00—Fertilisers based essentially on alkali or ammonium orthophosphates
-
- C—CHEMISTRY; METALLURGY
- C05—FERTILISERS; MANUFACTURE THEREOF
- C05F—ORGANIC FERTILISERS NOT COVERED BY SUBCLASSES C05B, C05C, e.g. FERTILISERS FROM WASTE OR REFUSE
- C05F11/00—Other organic fertilisers
- C05F11/08—Organic fertilisers containing added bacterial cultures, mycelia or the like
-
- C—CHEMISTRY; METALLURGY
- C05—FERTILISERS; MANUFACTURE THEREOF
- C05G—MIXTURES OF FERTILISERS COVERED INDIVIDUALLY BY DIFFERENT SUBCLASSES OF CLASS C05; MIXTURES OF ONE OR MORE FERTILISERS WITH MATERIALS NOT HAVING A SPECIFIC FERTILISING ACTIVITY, e.g. PESTICIDES, SOIL-CONDITIONERS, WETTING AGENTS; FERTILISERS CHARACTERISED BY THEIR FORM
- C05G3/00—Mixtures of one or more fertilisers with additives not having a specially fertilising activity
-
- C—CHEMISTRY; METALLURGY
- C05—FERTILISERS; MANUFACTURE THEREOF
- C05G—MIXTURES OF FERTILISERS COVERED INDIVIDUALLY BY DIFFERENT SUBCLASSES OF CLASS C05; MIXTURES OF ONE OR MORE FERTILISERS WITH MATERIALS NOT HAVING A SPECIFIC FERTILISING ACTIVITY, e.g. PESTICIDES, SOIL-CONDITIONERS, WETTING AGENTS; FERTILISERS CHARACTERISED BY THEIR FORM
- C05G3/00—Mixtures of one or more fertilisers with additives not having a specially fertilising activity
- C05G3/20—Mixtures of one or more fertilisers with additives not having a specially fertilising activity for preventing the fertilisers being reduced to powder; Anti-dusting additives
-
- C—CHEMISTRY; METALLURGY
- C05—FERTILISERS; MANUFACTURE THEREOF
- C05G—MIXTURES OF FERTILISERS COVERED INDIVIDUALLY BY DIFFERENT SUBCLASSES OF CLASS C05; MIXTURES OF ONE OR MORE FERTILISERS WITH MATERIALS NOT HAVING A SPECIFIC FERTILISING ACTIVITY, e.g. PESTICIDES, SOIL-CONDITIONERS, WETTING AGENTS; FERTILISERS CHARACTERISED BY THEIR FORM
- C05G3/00—Mixtures of one or more fertilisers with additives not having a specially fertilising activity
- C05G3/60—Biocides or preservatives, e.g. disinfectants, pesticides or herbicides; Pest repellants or attractants
-
- C—CHEMISTRY; METALLURGY
- C05—FERTILISERS; MANUFACTURE THEREOF
- C05G—MIXTURES OF FERTILISERS COVERED INDIVIDUALLY BY DIFFERENT SUBCLASSES OF CLASS C05; MIXTURES OF ONE OR MORE FERTILISERS WITH MATERIALS NOT HAVING A SPECIFIC FERTILISING ACTIVITY, e.g. PESTICIDES, SOIL-CONDITIONERS, WETTING AGENTS; FERTILISERS CHARACTERISED BY THEIR FORM
- C05G3/00—Mixtures of one or more fertilisers with additives not having a specially fertilising activity
- C05G3/80—Soil conditioners
-
- C—CHEMISTRY; METALLURGY
- C05—FERTILISERS; MANUFACTURE THEREOF
- C05G—MIXTURES OF FERTILISERS COVERED INDIVIDUALLY BY DIFFERENT SUBCLASSES OF CLASS C05; MIXTURES OF ONE OR MORE FERTILISERS WITH MATERIALS NOT HAVING A SPECIFIC FERTILISING ACTIVITY, e.g. PESTICIDES, SOIL-CONDITIONERS, WETTING AGENTS; FERTILISERS CHARACTERISED BY THEIR FORM
- C05G5/00—Fertilisers characterised by their form
- C05G5/30—Layered or coated, e.g. dust-preventing coatings
-
- C—CHEMISTRY; METALLURGY
- C05—FERTILISERS; MANUFACTURE THEREOF
- C05G—MIXTURES OF FERTILISERS COVERED INDIVIDUALLY BY DIFFERENT SUBCLASSES OF CLASS C05; MIXTURES OF ONE OR MORE FERTILISERS WITH MATERIALS NOT HAVING A SPECIFIC FERTILISING ACTIVITY, e.g. PESTICIDES, SOIL-CONDITIONERS, WETTING AGENTS; FERTILISERS CHARACTERISED BY THEIR FORM
- C05G5/00—Fertilisers characterised by their form
- C05G5/45—Form not covered by groups C05G5/10 - C05G5/18, C05G5/20 - C05G5/27, C05G5/30 - C05G5/38 or C05G5/40, e.g. soluble or permeable packaging
Abstract
Methods and related systems for conditioning of granular fertilizers post-manufacture to reduce the generation of dust during handling, transport, and storage of the fertilizers, and/or to increase the agricultural benefits of the fertilizer. The method includes introducing an aqueous conditioning agent, such as by spraying, to a plurality of phosphate fertilizer granules; subjecting the fertilizer granules with the aqueous conditioning agent thereon to a mechanical energy exposure by mixing or tumbling the fertilizer granules in the conditioning vessel to promote particle to particle interaction; and removing moisture from the fertilizer granules. The aqueous conditioning agent comprises a solution or suspension of water and an acidifying agent comprising citric acid, sulfamic acid, sulfuric acid, phosphoric acid, or combinations thereof; comprises a solution or suspension of water and a drying agent comprising corn starch, wheat starch, or combinations thereof; comprises a solution or suspension of water and chelating agent comprising ethylenediaminetetraacetic acid (EDTA), polyethylenimine (PEI), or combinations thereof; or consists of water. The aqueous conditioning agent may also include one or more beneficial agricultural and/or dedusting additives including one or more acidifying agents, one or more drying agents, one or more herbicides and/or pesticides, one or more chelating agents, one or more biological agents, and combinations thereof. agent, such as by spraying, to a plurality of phosphate fertilizer granules; subjecting the fertilizer granules with the aqueous conditioning agent thereon to a mechanical energy exposure by mixing or tumbling the fertilizer granules in the conditioning vessel to promote particle to particle interaction; and removing moisture from the fertilizer granules. The aqueous conditioning agent comprises a solution or suspension of water and an acidifying agent comprising citric acid, sulfamic acid, sulfuric acid, phosphoric acid, or combinations thereof; comprises a solution or suspension of water and a drying agent comprising corn starch, wheat starch, or combinations thereof; comprises a solution or suspension of water and chelating agent comprising ethylenediaminetetraacetic acid (EDTA), polyethylenimine (PEI), or combinations thereof; or consists of water. The aqueous conditioning agent may also include one or more beneficial agricultural and/or dedusting additives including one or more acidifying agents, one or more drying agents, one or more herbicides and/or pesticides, one or more chelating agents, one or more biological agents, and combinations thereof.
Description
SYSTEM AND METHODS FOR ADDITION OF BENEFICIAL AGRICULTURAL,
BIOLOGICAL, AND/OR DEDUSTING ADDITIVES TO GRANULAR FERTILIZERS
RELATED APPLICATIONS
The present application claims the benefit of U.S. Provisional Application No. 61/867,334
filed August 19, 2013, and U.S. Provisional Application No. 61/968,328 filed March 20, 2014,
each of which is incorporated herein in its entirety by reference.
FIELD OF THE INVENTION
The present invention is directed to a system and related method of reducing dust generated
during handling, transporting, and storage of granulated fertilizer. Specifically, the present
invention is directed to a system and related method for conditioning the granular fertilizer by a
water-based treatment or aqueous conditioning agent for reducing dust generation and/or for the
addition of beneficial agricultural, biological, and/or dedusting additives.
It is to be understood that, if any prior art publication is referred to herein, such reference
does not constitute an admission that the publication forms a part of the common general
knowledge in the art, in Australia or any other country.
BACKGROUND OF THE INVENTION
Agricultural inorganic fertilizers typically include a base comprising at least one of three
primary inorganic nutrients – nitrogen (N), phosphate (P), and potassium (K). These fertilizers are
identified by their NPK rating in which the N value is the percentage of elemental nitrogen by
weight in the fertilizer, and the P and K values represent the amount of oxide in the form of P O
and K O that would be present in the fertilizer if all the elemental phosphorus and potassium were
16640640_1 (GHMatters) P41571NZ00
oxidized into these forms. The N-P-K proportions or concentration vary across fertilizer types and
user needs.
For example, the base fertilizer can comprise a phosphate fertilizer (such as
monoammonium phosphate (“MAP”), diammonium phosphate (“DAP”)), a potash fertilizer (such
as muriate of potash (“MOP”)) or other potassium-based fertilizer, or a nitrogen-based fertilizer
such as a fertilizer containing urea. The fertilizers can also include any combination of secondary
nutrients and/or micronutrients. The secondary nutrients can include sulfur compounds, calcium,
and/or magnesium, and the micronutrients can include iron, manganese, zinc, copper, boron,
molybdenum, and/or chlorine. The micronutrients and/or secondary nutrients can be added to
solution in their elemental form, or as compounds, such as a salt.
Many of these agricultural fertilizers are granulated, dried, and treated with dust control
agents after formulation to provide the fertilizer in a stable and easily handled form. An inherent
drawback of the conventional granulation process is that a significant portion of the fertilizer may
generate dust particulates either during manufacture, storage, or in distribution, which is
significantly more difficult to handle and distribute on the fields to be treated. In addition to
wasting otherwise useful fertilizer, the fertilizer may create undesirable fugitive particle emissions.
Fugitive particulate emissions can be mitigated, but in certain conditions mitigation costs can
become uneconomical.
To reduce the dust generation, the fertilizer granules are often coated with an anti-dust
coating that reduces or entraps the dust created during the granulation or transport. The anti-dust
coating can comprise, for example, petroleum, wax, or other oil-based liquids that are sprayed onto
the fertilizer granules to adhere any dust particulates formed, during granulation or transport, for
16640640_1 (GHMatters) P41571NZ00
example, to the larger fertilizer granules. The coating also encapsulates the dust particulates to
prevent or inhibit the dust particulates from becoming airborne.
While traditional coatings are effective at controlling the dust particulates, the inherent
drawback of these coatings is that the coatings have a limited effective shelf-life and can have
diminishing effectiveness as the coating ages. Prolonged storage or transport of the coated fertilizer
can present a greater safety risk as the storage or transport time may have exceeded the effective
life of the coating resulting in unsafe fertilizer products, and/or undesirable flow characteristics in
storage bins, transportation equipment, and field application equipment. Furthermore, these
traditional coatings can potentially add significant cost to the end-product due to the cost of the
coating composition and/or increased manufacturing costs. Alternative de-dusting agents with
extended shelf life are commercially available but these products tend to have substantially higher
cost and for this reason have not been broadly adopted by the industry.
As such, there is a need for a means of efficiently and effectively reducing dust generated
during the handling of granular fertilizers and/or to increase the agricultural benefits of the
fertilizer.
SUMMARY OF THE INVENTION
The present invention is directed to a method and related system for conditioning of
granular fertilizers post-manufacture to reduce the generation of dust during handling, transport,
and storage of the fertilizers, and/or to increase the agricultural benefits of the fertilizer. The
method includes introducing a quantity of an aqueous conditioning agent, such as by spraying, to
a plurality of fertilizer granules having a surface temperature of about 50°F (10ºC) to about 250°F
(121ºC), and more particularly about 130°F (54ºC) to about 200°F (93ºC), and a crude moisture
16640640_1 (GHMatters) P41571NZ00
content of about 0 to about 6.5 weight percent (wt%), more particularly from about 0.5 wt% to
about 3 wt% and more particularly from about 0.5 wt% to about 1.5 wt%, in a conditioning vessel.
The aqueous conditioning agent can comprise water only or a water-based solution in the form of
liquid, steam, and/or superheated steam, and with or without beneficial agricultural and/or
dedusting additives. The aqueous conditioning agent is introduced at a temperature of about 32°F
(0ºC) to about 800°F (427ºC) depending on the form of the agent, and more particularly from about
70°F (21ºC) to about 170°F (77ºC) when the agent is in the form of water, with or without
beneficial agricultural and/or dedusting additives.
Therefore, in accordance with a preferred embodiment of the rpesent invention there is
provided a method for conditioning phosphate fertilizer granules for improved dust control, the
method comprising: providing a plurality of inorganic phosphate fertilizer granules in a
conditioning vessel, the fertilizer granules having a surface temperature of about 10°C to about
121°C; introducing an aqueous conditioning agent into the conditioning vessel and onto the
fertilizer granules in an amount of about 0.1 wt% to about 10 wt% of the total weight of the
fertilizer granules; subjecting the fertilizer granules with the aqueous conditioning agent thereon
to a mechanical energy exposure by mixing or tumbling the fertilizer granules in the conditioning
vessel to promote particle to particle interaction; and removing moisture from the fertilizer
granules until a final moisture content of the fertilizer granules is about 0 wt% to about 6.5 wt%
of the granules, wherein the aqueous conditioning agent: comprises a solution or suspension of
water and an acidifying agent comprising citric acid, sulfamic acid, sulfuric acid, phosphoric acid,
or combinations thereof; comprises a solution or suspension of water and a drying agent
comprising corn starch, wheat starch, or combinations thereof; comprises a solution or suspension
16640640_1 (GHMatters) P41571NZ00
of water and chelating agent comprising ethylenediaminetetraacetic acid (EDTA),
polyethylenimine (PEI), or combinations thereof; or consists of water.
Alternatively, one or more beneficial agricultural and/or dedusting additives are introduced
onto the surface of the granules separate from the aqueous conditioning agent (with or without
additives). The one or more additives can be added simultaneously or in series with the aqueous
conditioning agent.
As mentioned above, the aqueous conditioning agent can optionally contain one or more
beneficial agricultural and/or dedusting additives, such as, for example, but not limited to, one or
more acidifying agents (e.g., but not limited to, citric acid, sulfuric acid, phosphoric acid, sulfamic
acid, and combinations thereof), one or more drying agents (e.g., but not limited to, corn starch,
and/or wheat starch), and/or one or more chelating agents (e.g., but not limited to,
ethylenediaminetetraacetic acid (EDTA), polyethylenimine (PEI)), or combinations thereof, in an
amount of about 0.01 wt% to about 99.99 wt% of solution (i.e. weight of solute/weight of solution),
and more particularly from about 0.01 wt% to about 20wt% of solution for certain applications,
from about 20 wt% to about 50 wt% of solution for other applications, and from about 50 wt% to
about 99.99 wt% for yet other applications.
In an alternative embodiment of the invention, in addition to or as an alternative to the
additives listed above, the aqueous conditioning agent can contain one or more beneficial
agricultural additives selected from one or any combination of secondary nutrients and/or
micronutrients in an amount of about 0.01 wt% to about 99.99 wt% of solution, and more
particularly from about 20 wt% to about 50 wt% of solution. The secondary nutrients can include
sulfur compounds, calcium, and/or magnesium, and the micronutrients can include iron,
manganese, zinc, copper, boron, molybdenum, and/or chlorine. The micronutrients and/or
16640640_1 (GHMatters) P41571NZ00
secondary nutrients can be added to solution in their elemental form, or as compounds, such as a
salt.
In yet other embodiments, in addition to or as an alternative to the additives listed above,
the aqueous conditioning agent can contain one or more beneficial agricultural additives selected
from one or any combination of herbicides and/or pesticides.
In addition to or as an alternative to the additives listed above, other embodiments of the
aqueous conditioning agent can comprise one or more beneficial agricultural additives selected
from one or any combination of biological material. In some aspects, the biological materials, or
“biologicals,” can comprise, for example, one or more biological chemicals, plant and other
extracts, microbial agents, and/or other living organisms. In some embodiments, the biological
material can comprise microorganisms, including, but not limited to, bacteria such as Bacillus,
Rhizobium, Azobacter, and Azospirillum, fungi such as Aspergillus, Mycorhizzae, Beauveria,
Metarhizium, and Trichoderma, and/or yeast such as Saccharomyces, Schizosaccharomyces,
Sporobolomyces, Candida, Trichosporon, and Rhodosporidium. In other cases, the aqueous
conditioning agent can comprise biological materials that are small molecule and peptide-based
compositions such as, but not limited to, metabolites, peptides, lipopetides, hormones, peptide
hormones, siderophores, glycopepetides, humates, surfactants, vitamins, enzymes, amino acids
and amino acid derivatives, and nucleic acids and nucleic acid derivatives. In some embodiments,
biologicals included in embodiments of the aqueous conditioning agent can be applied to fertilizers
3 12
or fertilizer granules at a final concentration of about 10 to about 10 CFU (colony forming
units)/g, and more particularly about 10 to about 10 CFU/g. Biologicals applied accordingly
have the potential to enhance the growth and development of plants as well as treat plant diseases.
16640640_1 (GHMatters) P41571NZ00
The granules with aqueous conditioning agent(s) applied thereto are then optionally
subjected to a mechanical energy exposure, such as in the form of tumbling or mixing, in the
conditioning vessel to induce desired particle interactions between particles. In an alternative
embodiment, the granules and the aqueous conditioning agent are introduced into a fluidized bed
reactor such that the surface of each individual granule is subjected to surface conditioning
described above, without necessarily being subjected to particle to particle interaction or
mechanical energy exposure. In yet another alternative embodiment, the granules are exposed to
a combination of particle to particle interactions (e.g. tumbling or mixing) and introduced into a
fluidized bed reactor in either order, or in any combination.
The added moisture from the aqueous conditioning agent is removed from the granules
either naturally or with the application of energy. This can be accomplished in the conditioning
vessel itself either during the optional tumbling and/or after tumbling of the granules. The drying
can be done by drying via a dry airstream (heated or non-heated) such as a fugitive dust air stream
for removal of water vapor, dust, and air, a heated dryer such as a blower, until a final moisture
content of about 0 wt% to about 6.5 wt% of the granules is achieved, more particularly from about
0.5 wt% to about 3.0 wt, and even more particularly from about 0.5 wt% to about 1.5 wt%,
resulting in conditioned fertilizer granules.
The conditioning process can be placed in-line after granulation and/or drying of the
fertilizer granules, or at a remote location, i.e. off-line. For example, the conditioning process can
be achieved in a warehouse, separate processing facility, at a transportation site, or any of a variety
of locations.
The conditioning of the granular fertilizers by water treatment allows for the reduction in
application of dust control agents, such as the oil-based coatings described above, thereby reducing
16640640_1 (GHMatters) P41571NZ00
raw material costs. Also, reduction in dust generated during distribution from the manufacturer to
the grower results in improved industrial hygiene for the manufacturers, transporters, customers,
and/or customer employees, thereby reducing the costs and equipment otherwise needed to
mitigate potential industrial hygiene issues. Finally, when beneficial agricultural additives are
incorporated, the conditioned granules can have increased agricultural benefits compared to
unconditioned granules.
The conditioning methods and systems described above are not limited to the treatment of
fertilizer granules. The methods and systems according to embodiments can be used on any
granular or particular material that has the propensity to produce unwanted or fugitive dust. Other
uses can include, for example, the conditioning of coal, feed products such as feed supplements or
pellets, food processing, mining operations including ores and tailings, cured or dried cement, dirt,
gravel or sand, waste, asbestos, or any of variety of uses.
The above summary of the various representative embodiments of the invention is not
intended to describe each illustrated embodiment or every implementation of the invention.
Rather, the embodiments are chosen and described so that others skilled in the art can appreciate
and understand the principles and practices of the invention. The figures in the detailed description
that follow more particularly exemplify these embodiments.
BRIEF DESCRIPTION OF THE FIGURES
Figure 1 is a process flow diagram of a conditioning method according to an embodiment
of the invention.
DETAILED DESCRIPTION OF THE DRAWINGS
16640640_1 (GHMatters) P41571NZ00
Referring to Figure 1, a non-limiting exemplary embodiment of a system and method for
conditioning fertilizer granules for improved dust control and/or agricultural benefits generally
includes the supply of a plurality of fertilizer granules at 102. The fertilizer granules can be
unconditioned or can be previously condition in which additional conditioning is desired or
required. The granules are not limited to fertilizer granules, and can comprise any of a variety of
granular or particular materials.
In this non-limiting embodiment, the fertilizer granules can be any of a number of fertilizer
types including, but not limited to inorgranic including nitrogen-based (e.g. ammonium nitrate or
urea), phosphorous-based (e.g. phosphate fertilizers including mono-ammonium and di-
ammonium phosphates), potassium-based (e.g. potash or muriate of potash) fertilizers, and any of
a variety of N-P-K compound fertilizers, with or without secondary nutrients such as sulfur or
sulfur compounds, calcium, and magnesium, and/or micronutrients such as iron, manganese, zinc,
copper, boron, molybdenum, and chlorine. In one non-limiting embodiment, the fertilizer granules
are formed using the granulation methods described in U.S. Patent No. 6,544,313 entitled “Sulfur-
Containing Fertilizer Composition and Method for Preparing Same,” incorporated herein by
reference in its entirety. In another non-limiting embodiment, the fertilizer granules are formed
using the granulation methods described in U.S. Patent No. 7,497,891 entitled “Method For
Producing A Fertilizer With Micronutrients,” incorporated herein by reference in its entirety.
Depending on the desired temperature and moisture content of the fertilizer granules before
application of the aqueous conditioning agent, optional application of heat and/or air 104 may be
necessary or desired. For example, IR heat, gas fired heat, or any of a variety of heat sources can
be applied to the plurality of fertilizer granules to dry and/or heat the granules to the target surface
temperature and/or moisture content before application of an aqueous conditioning agent at 108.
16640640_1 (GHMatters) P41571NZ00
In one embodiment, the target surface temperature of the granules is approximately about 50°F
(10ºC) to about 250°F (121ºC), and more particularly about 130°F (54ºC) to about 200°F (93ºC),
and the target moisture content is about 0 to about 6.5 weight percent (wt%), more particularly
from about 0.5 wt% to about 3 wt% and more particularly from about 0.5 wt% to about 1.5 wt%
Once the granules are at the target temperature and moisture content, they are placed into
a conditioning vessel at 106, such as a tumbling drum or bed, flighted drum or bed, or fluidized
bed for application of the one or more aqueous conditioning agents. In one embodiment, the
conditioning vessel includes one or more sprayers or nozzles for the spray application of one or
more aqueous conditioning agents at 108, with or without beneficial agricultural and/or dedusting
additives. As discussed above, the aqueous conditioning agent can comprise water or a water-
based solution, in the form of liquid, steam, and/or superheated steam, and with or without
beneficial agricultural and/or dedusting additives. The aqueous conditioning agent is introduced
at a temperature of about 32°F (0ºC) to about 800°F (427ºC) depending on the form of the agent,
and more particularly from about 70°F (21ºC) to about 170°F (77ºC) when the agent is in the form
of liquid water or a water-based solution, with or without beneficial agricultural and/or dedusting
additives.
As mentioned above, the aqueous conditioning agent can optionally contain one or more
beneficial agricultural and/or dedusting additives, such as, for example, acidifying agents, drying
agents, chelating agents, micronutrients, secondary nutrients, biological materials, pesticides and
herbicides.
Acidifying agents can include, but are not limited to, citric acid, sulfuric acid, phosphoric
acid, sulfamic acid, and combinations thereof. Drying agents can include, but are not limited to,
corn starch, and/or wheat starch. Chelating agents can include, but are not limited to,
16640640_1 (GHMatters) P41571NZ00
ethylenediaminetetraacetic acid (EDTA), polyethylenimine (PEI), or combinations thereof. Any
of the agents can be added in an amount of about 0.01 wt% to about 99.99 wt% of solution, and
more particularly from about 0.01 wt% to about 20 wt% of solution for certain applications, from
about 20 wt% to about 50 wt% of solution for other applications, and from about 50 wt% to about
99.99wt% for yet other applications.
In addition to or as an alternative to the additives listed above, the aqueous conditioning
agent can contain one or more beneficial agricultural additives selected from one or any
combination of secondary nutrients and/or micronutrients in an amount of about 0.01 wt% to about
99.99 wt% of solution, and more particularly from about 20 wt% to about 50 wt% of solution. The
secondary nutrients can include, for example, sulfur compounds, calcium, and/or magnesium, and
the micronutrients can include, for example, iron, manganese, zinc, copper, boron, molybdenum,
and/or chlorine.
In addition to or as an alternative to the additives listed above, the aqueous conditioning
agent can contain one or more beneficial agricultural additives selected from one or any
combination of biological material. In some cases, biological material, or “biologicals,” can
comprise microorganisms, including, but not limited to, bacteria such as Bacillus, Rhizobium,
Azobacter, and Azospirillum, fungi such as Aspergillus, Mycorhizzae, Beauveria, Metarhizium,
and Trichoderma, and/or yeast such as Saccharomyces, Schizosaccharomyces, Sporobolomyces,
Candida, Trichosporon, and Rhodosporidium. In other cases, the aqueous conditioning agent can
comprise biologicals that are not microorganisms, including, but not limited to, small molecule
and peptide-based compositions such as metabolites, peptides, lipopetides, hormones, peptide
hormones, siderophores, glycopepetides, humates, surfactants, vitamins, enzymes, amino acids
and amino acid derivatives, and nucleic acids and nucleic acid derivatives.
16640640_1 (GHMatters) P41571NZ00
In some embodiments, biologicals included in embodiments of the aqueous conditioning
agent can be applied to fertilizers or fertilizer granules at a final concentration of about 10 to about
12 6 9 6
CFU (colony forming units)/g, and more particularly about 10 to about 10 CFU/g 10 to
about 10 CFU. For example, 4.1 mls of an aqueous solution comprising biologicals can be added
12 15
to 1 lb of fertilizer, or about 10 to about 10 CFU/L can be added to liquid fertilizer to achieve
the above target concentration. In some cases, biologicals included in embodiments of the aqueous
conditioning agent can be applied at temperatures ranging from about 70ºF (21ºC) to about 210ºF
(99ºC), or more particularly, from about 70ºF (21ºC) to about 180ºF (82ºC), or more particularly,
from about 70ºF (21ºC) to about 160ºF(71ºC). Biologicals applied accordingly have the potential
to enhance the growth and development of plants as well as treat plant diseases.
In an alternative embodiment, one or more of the beneficial agricultural and/or dedusting
additives described above are optionally introduced at 111 onto the surface of the granules separate
from the aqueous conditioning agent (with or without additives). The one or more beneficial
agricultural and/or dedusting additives can be added simultaneously or in series with (e.g. upstream
and/or downstream from) the aqueous conditioning agent, such as by spraying, in conditioning
vessel 106.
In one non-limiting embodiment, the aqueous conditioning agent is added at 108 in an
amount of about 0.1 to about 10 wt% of the total weight of the fertilizer, and more particularly
from about 2.0 to about 4.0 wt% of the total weight of the fertilizer. This can be accomplished,
for example, by the addition of aqueous conditioning agent at a rate of about 0 to about 22 gallons
per ton of granular fertilizer, and more particularly about 5-10 gallons per ton of granular fertilizer,
depending on the composition or concentration of the aqueous conditioning agent, and the desired
amount of aqueous conditioning agent per granule.
16640640_1 (GHMatters) P41571NZ00
In one embodiment, simultaneously with or after the application of the aqueous
conditioning agent at 108, the granules are optionally subjected to mechanical energy at 110 in the
form of agitation, such as shaking and/or tumbling, within the conditioning vessel 106 to promote
or induce mechanical interaction between granules. The conditioning vessel can further optionally
include mixing equipment such as, a ribbon blender, paddle mixer, baffles, and/or can comprise a
rotating drum such that the application of the aqueous conditioning agent is spread evenly over the
granules, and to further induce mechanical interaction between the granules.
In an alternative embodiment, the granules and the aqueous conditioning agent are
introduced into a fluidized bed reactor such that surfaces of the granules are subjected to surface
conditioning described above, without necessarily being subjected to particle to particle interaction
or mechanical energy exposure. Optionally, one or more beneficial agricultural and/or dedusting
additives can be added to the fluidized bed separately from the aqueous conditioning agent (with
or without additives).
During and/or after the optional application of energy at 110, the extra moisture from the
application of the aqueous conditioning agent is removed at 112. In one embodiment, removal of
the moisture at 112 can be accomplished without additional equipment and/or processing. For
example, a previously established airflow, such as a ventilation means or duct for removing
fugitive dust, water vapor, or other ventilation such as a fluid bed dryer, moves air that is
sufficiently dry through vessel 106 to remove the added moisture.
In another embodiment of the invention, one or more gases are supplied to or moved
through the vessel at 114 to remove the added moisture from the granules. The one or more gases
can be, for example, recycled and/or fresh air, and/or an inert gas such as argon or nitrogen. The
gas can be completely dry, or have a low or negligible moisture content. In a particular
16640640_1 (GHMatters) P41571NZ00
embodiment, the gas includes one or more beneficial agricultural and/or dedusting additives or
agents as described above for application to the granule surface.
In yet another embodiment, the latent heat of the fertilizer granules is sufficient to dry the
granules by evaporation of the moisture to the surrounding atmosphere of the vessel 106. The air
of the vessel 106 is removed and replaced as needed. In yet another embodiment, the granules are
subjected to the application of dry air and/or heat in a separate drying vessel (not shown), such as
a fluid bed dryer. In each of the embodiments, the added moisture is removed until a final moisture
content of about 0 to about 6.5 weight percent (wt%), more particularly from about 0.5 wt% to
about 3 wt% and more particularly from about 0.5 wt% to about 1.5 wt% of the granules is
achieved, resulting in conditioned fertilizer granules.
The conditioned fertilizer granules are removed at 116 are then shipped to storage and/or
end-use customers, or are reconditioned or further conditioned or processed as desired.
As discussed above, the conditioning of the granular fertilizers by water treatment allows
for the reduction in application of dust control agents, such as the oil-based coatings, thereby
reducing raw material costs and/or manufacturing costs. Also, reduction in dust generated during
distribution from the manufacturer to the grower results in improved industrial hygiene for the
manufacturers, transporters, customers, and/or customer employees, thereby reducing the costs
and equipment otherwise needed to mitigate industrial hygiene issues.
Table 1 below lists breakage results comparing conditioned fertilizer granules conditioned
with an aqueous conditioning agent in the form of water in weight percent to unconditioned
fertilizer granules. In this example, the base fertilizer was monoammonium phosphate and the
breakage was measured.
16640640_1 (GHMatters) P41571NZ00
In particular, an accelerated performance measurement procedure used to measure this data
consists of the following steps: (1) Initially untreated fertilizer granules are split (with a riffler) to
maintain comparable fractions; (2) The baseline granules are not treated with an aqueous
conditioning agent while the remaining granules coated with different experimental treatments of
different amounts of aqueous conditioning agent; (3) The coated samples are stored under
controlled environmental conditions reflecting potential product transportation and storage
conditions; and (4) The effectiveness of dust control is measured after several (2, 4, 6, 8) weeks.
To measure effectiveness of dust control, samples are removed from the environmental chamber
and exposed to a controlled energy input to simulate product handling. Dust sized particles from
each sample are then extracted and the dust level is determined by mass difference. The reduction
percentage is calculated as a percent change (in this case reduction) from the dust generation of
the baseline samples.
Table 1: Breakage results
Conditioning agent added Typical dust generation Optimal dust generation
(% of fertilizer weight) reduction reduction
2% 30% 55%
3.5% 55% 80%
% 60% 85%
In other embodiments, such surface treatments and/or incorporation of additives or agents
by the above methods may result in reduced caking tendencies by means of inhibiting chemical
and/or physical interactions between granules in storage, during transport, or otherwise.
While the invention is amenable to various modifications and alternative forms, specifics
thereof have been shown by way of example in the drawings and described in detail. It is
understood, however, that the intention is not to limit the invention to the particular embodiments
16640640_1 (GHMatters) P41571NZ00
described. On the contrary, the intention is to cover all modifications, equivalents, and alternatives
falling within the spirit and scope of the invention as defined by the appended claims.
In the claims which follow and in the preceding description of the invention, except
where the context requires otherwise due to express language or necessary implication, the word
“comprise” or variations such as “comprises” or “comprising” is used in an inclusive sense, i.e.
to specify the presence of the stated features but not to preclude the presence or addition of
further features in various embodiments of the invention.
16640640_1 (GHMatters) P41571NZ00
Claims (16)
1. A method for conditioning phosphate fertilizer granules for improved dust control, the method comprising: 5 providing a plurality of inorganic phosphate fertilizer granules in a conditioning vessel, the fertilizer granules having a surface temperature of about 10°C to about 121°C; introducing an aqueous conditioning agent into the conditioning vessel and onto the fertilizer granules in an amount of about 0.1 wt% to about 10 wt% of the total weight of the fertilizer granules; 10 subjecting the fertilizer granules with the aqueous conditioning agent thereon to a mechanical energy exposure by mixing or tumbling the fertilizer granules in the conditioning vessel to promote particle to particle interaction; and removing moisture from the fertilizer granules until a final moisture content of the fertilizer granules is about 0 wt% to about 6.5 wt% of the granules, 15 wherein the aqueous conditioning agent: comprises a solution or suspension of water and an acidifying agent comprising citric acid, sulfamic acid, sulfuric acid, phosphoric acid, or combinations thereof; comprises a solution or suspension of water and a drying agent comprising corn starch, wheat starch, or combinations thereof; 20 comprises a solution or suspension of water and chelating agent comprising ethylenediaminetetraacetic acid (EDTA), polyethylenimine (PEI), or combinations thereof; or consists of water. 16640640_1 (GHMatters) P41571NZ00
2. The method of claim 1, wherein the aqueous conditioning agent includes water and at least one additive in an amount of about 20 wt% to about 50 wt% of solution of the aqueous conditioning agent.
3. The method of claim 2, wherein the at least one additive is selected from the group consisting of a source of sulfur, a source of calcium, a source of magnesium, and combinations thereof. 10
4. The method of claim 2, wherein the at least one additive is selected from the group consisting of a source of iron, a source of manganese, a source of zinc, a source of copper, a source of boron, a source of molybdenum, and/or a source of chlorine, and combinations thereof.
5. The method of any one of claims 1 to 4, wherein introducing a quantity of an aqueous 15 conditioning agent comprises spraying the aqueous conditioning agent onto the phosphate fertilizer granules in a conditioning vessel, wherein the aqueous conditioning agent is introduced at a temperature of about 0°C to about 427°C.
6. The method of any one of claims 1 to 5, further comprising introducing one or more 20 additives onto a surface of the phosphate fertilizer granules in a separate step from or from a separate source than the aqueous conditioning agent. 16640640_1 (GHMatters) P41571NZ00
7. The method of any one of claims 2 to 6, wherein the at least one additive comprises a microorganism.
8. The method of claim 7, wherein the microorganism is bacteria selected from the group 5 consisting of Bacillus, Rhizobium, Azobacter, Azospirillum, and combinations thereof.
9. The method of claim 7, wherein the microorganism is fungi selected from the group consisting of Aspergillus, Mycorhizzae, Beauveria, Metarhizium, Trichoderma, Saccharomyces, Schizosaccharomyces, Sporobolomyces, Candida, Trichosporon, Rhodosporidium, and 10 combinations thereof.
10. The method of any one of claims 2 to 6, wherein the at least one additive is selected from the group consisting of metabolites, peptides, lipopetides, hormones, peptide hormones, siderophores, glycopepetides, humates, surfactants, vitamins, enzymes, amino acids, amino acid 15 derivatives, nucleic acids, nucleic acid derivatives, and combinations thereof.
11. The method of any one of claims 7 to 9, wherein the microorganism is applied to the 3 12 phosphate fertilizer granules at a final concentration of about 10 to about 10 CFU/g. 20
12. The method of claim 11, wherein the microorganism is applied to the phosphate fertilizer granules at a final concentration of about 10 to about 10 CFU/g. 16640640_1 (GHMatters) P41571NZ00
13. The method of any one of claims 2 to 12, wherein the at least one additive is sprayed on the fertilizer or fertilizer granules as an aqueous solution, and then dried leaving the at least one additive deposited on the fertilizer or fertilizer granule. 5
14. The method of any one of claims 1 to 13, wherein the conditioning vessel includes mixing equipment selected from the group consisting of a ribbon blender, paddle mixer, baffles.
15. The method of any one of claims 1 to 14, wherein the conditioning vessel comprises a rotating drum such that the application of the aqueous conditioning agent is spread evenly over the 10 phosphate fertilizer granules, and to further induce mechanical interaction between the granules.
16. Phosphate fertilizer granules conditioned in accordance with the method of any one of claims 1 to 15 for improved dust control. 16640640_1 (GHMatters) P41571NZ00
Applications Claiming Priority (5)
Application Number | Priority Date | Filing Date | Title |
---|---|---|---|
US201361867334P | 2013-08-19 | 2013-08-19 | |
US61/867,334 | 2013-08-19 | ||
US201461968328P | 2014-03-20 | 2014-03-20 | |
US61/968,328 | 2014-03-20 | ||
PCT/US2014/051662 WO2015026806A1 (en) | 2013-08-19 | 2014-08-19 | System and methods for addition of beneficial agricultural, biological, and/or dedusting additives to granular fertilizers |
Publications (2)
Publication Number | Publication Date |
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NZ717735A NZ717735A (en) | 2020-10-30 |
NZ717735B2 true NZ717735B2 (en) | 2021-02-02 |
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