NZ702029B - Seismic isolation assembly - Google Patents
Seismic isolation assemblyInfo
- Publication number
- NZ702029B NZ702029B NZ702029A NZ70202914A NZ702029B NZ 702029 B NZ702029 B NZ 702029B NZ 702029 A NZ702029 A NZ 702029A NZ 70202914 A NZ70202914 A NZ 70202914A NZ 702029 B NZ702029 B NZ 702029B
- Authority
- NZ
- New Zealand
- Prior art keywords
- support plate
- linear
- dampers
- wire rope
- support plates
- Prior art date
Links
- 238000002955 isolation Methods 0.000 title claims abstract description 25
- 239000002965 rope Substances 0.000 claims abstract description 36
- 230000001154 acute Effects 0.000 claims 4
- 230000000694 effects Effects 0.000 abstract description 2
- 238000011068 load Methods 0.000 description 11
- 230000000712 assembly Effects 0.000 description 4
- 239000012530 fluid Substances 0.000 description 3
- 239000000919 ceramic Substances 0.000 description 2
- 239000000789 fastener Substances 0.000 description 2
- 230000005484 gravity Effects 0.000 description 2
- 239000012212 insulator Substances 0.000 description 2
- 239000000463 material Substances 0.000 description 2
- 229910001220 stainless steel Inorganic materials 0.000 description 2
- 239000010935 stainless steel Substances 0.000 description 2
- 230000002411 adverse Effects 0.000 description 1
- 229910052782 aluminium Inorganic materials 0.000 description 1
- XAGFODPZIPBFFR-UHFFFAOYSA-N aluminum Chemical compound [Al] XAGFODPZIPBFFR-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 description 1
- 230000000875 corresponding Effects 0.000 description 1
- 238000005336 cracking Methods 0.000 description 1
- 238000000034 method Methods 0.000 description 1
- 230000004048 modification Effects 0.000 description 1
- 238000006011 modification reaction Methods 0.000 description 1
- 230000000717 retained Effects 0.000 description 1
Classifications
-
- E—FIXED CONSTRUCTIONS
- E02—HYDRAULIC ENGINEERING; FOUNDATIONS; SOIL SHIFTING
- E02D—FOUNDATIONS; EXCAVATIONS; EMBANKMENTS; UNDERGROUND OR UNDERWATER STRUCTURES
- E02D27/00—Foundations as substructures
- E02D27/32—Foundations for special purposes
- E02D27/34—Foundations for sinking or earthquake territories
-
- E—FIXED CONSTRUCTIONS
- E02—HYDRAULIC ENGINEERING; FOUNDATIONS; SOIL SHIFTING
- E02D—FOUNDATIONS; EXCAVATIONS; EMBANKMENTS; UNDERGROUND OR UNDERWATER STRUCTURES
- E02D27/00—Foundations as substructures
- E02D27/32—Foundations for special purposes
- E02D27/42—Foundations for poles, masts or chimneys
-
- E—FIXED CONSTRUCTIONS
- E04—BUILDING
- E04H—BUILDINGS OR LIKE STRUCTURES FOR PARTICULAR PURPOSES; SWIMMING OR SPLASH BATHS OR POOLS; MASTS; FENCING; TENTS OR CANOPIES, IN GENERAL
- E04H12/00—Towers; Masts or poles; Chimney stacks; Water-towers; Methods of erecting such structures
- E04H12/22—Sockets or holders for poles or posts
-
- E—FIXED CONSTRUCTIONS
- E04—BUILDING
- E04H—BUILDINGS OR LIKE STRUCTURES FOR PARTICULAR PURPOSES; SWIMMING OR SPLASH BATHS OR POOLS; MASTS; FENCING; TENTS OR CANOPIES, IN GENERAL
- E04H9/00—Buildings, groups of buildings or shelters adapted to withstand or provide protection against abnormal external influences, e.g. war-like action, earthquake or extreme climate
- E04H9/02—Buildings, groups of buildings or shelters adapted to withstand or provide protection against abnormal external influences, e.g. war-like action, earthquake or extreme climate withstanding earthquake or sinking of ground
-
- E—FIXED CONSTRUCTIONS
- E04—BUILDING
- E04H—BUILDINGS OR LIKE STRUCTURES FOR PARTICULAR PURPOSES; SWIMMING OR SPLASH BATHS OR POOLS; MASTS; FENCING; TENTS OR CANOPIES, IN GENERAL
- E04H9/00—Buildings, groups of buildings or shelters adapted to withstand or provide protection against abnormal external influences, e.g. war-like action, earthquake or extreme climate
- E04H9/02—Buildings, groups of buildings or shelters adapted to withstand or provide protection against abnormal external influences, e.g. war-like action, earthquake or extreme climate withstanding earthquake or sinking of ground
- E04H9/021—Bearing, supporting or connecting constructions specially adapted for such buildings
- E04H9/0215—Bearing, supporting or connecting constructions specially adapted for such buildings involving active or passive dynamic mass damping systems
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- F—MECHANICAL ENGINEERING; LIGHTING; HEATING; WEAPONS; BLASTING
- F16—ENGINEERING ELEMENTS AND UNITS; GENERAL MEASURES FOR PRODUCING AND MAINTAINING EFFECTIVE FUNCTIONING OF MACHINES OR INSTALLATIONS; THERMAL INSULATION IN GENERAL
- F16F—SPRINGS; SHOCK-ABSORBERS; MEANS FOR DAMPING VIBRATION
- F16F15/00—Suppression of vibrations in systems; Means or arrangements for avoiding or reducing out-of-balance forces, e.g. due to motion
- F16F15/02—Suppression of vibrations of non-rotating, e.g. reciprocating systems; Suppression of vibrations of rotating systems by use of members not moving with the rotating systems
- F16F15/022—Suppression of vibrations of non-rotating, e.g. reciprocating systems; Suppression of vibrations of rotating systems by use of members not moving with the rotating systems using dampers and springs in combination
-
- F—MECHANICAL ENGINEERING; LIGHTING; HEATING; WEAPONS; BLASTING
- F16—ENGINEERING ELEMENTS AND UNITS; GENERAL MEASURES FOR PRODUCING AND MAINTAINING EFFECTIVE FUNCTIONING OF MACHINES OR INSTALLATIONS; THERMAL INSULATION IN GENERAL
- F16F—SPRINGS; SHOCK-ABSORBERS; MEANS FOR DAMPING VIBRATION
- F16F15/00—Suppression of vibrations in systems; Means or arrangements for avoiding or reducing out-of-balance forces, e.g. due to motion
- F16F15/02—Suppression of vibrations of non-rotating, e.g. reciprocating systems; Suppression of vibrations of rotating systems by use of members not moving with the rotating systems
- F16F15/04—Suppression of vibrations of non-rotating, e.g. reciprocating systems; Suppression of vibrations of rotating systems by use of members not moving with the rotating systems using elastic means
- F16F15/06—Suppression of vibrations of non-rotating, e.g. reciprocating systems; Suppression of vibrations of rotating systems by use of members not moving with the rotating systems using elastic means with metal springs
-
- F—MECHANICAL ENGINEERING; LIGHTING; HEATING; WEAPONS; BLASTING
- F16—ENGINEERING ELEMENTS AND UNITS; GENERAL MEASURES FOR PRODUCING AND MAINTAINING EFFECTIVE FUNCTIONING OF MACHINES OR INSTALLATIONS; THERMAL INSULATION IN GENERAL
- F16F—SPRINGS; SHOCK-ABSORBERS; MEANS FOR DAMPING VIBRATION
- F16F2222/00—Special physical effects, e.g. nature of damping effects
- F16F2222/12—Fluid damping
-
- F—MECHANICAL ENGINEERING; LIGHTING; HEATING; WEAPONS; BLASTING
- F16—ENGINEERING ELEMENTS AND UNITS; GENERAL MEASURES FOR PRODUCING AND MAINTAINING EFFECTIVE FUNCTIONING OF MACHINES OR INSTALLATIONS; THERMAL INSULATION IN GENERAL
- F16F—SPRINGS; SHOCK-ABSORBERS; MEANS FOR DAMPING VIBRATION
- F16F2230/00—Purpose; Design features
- F16F2230/0023—Purpose; Design features protective
-
- F—MECHANICAL ENGINEERING; LIGHTING; HEATING; WEAPONS; BLASTING
- F16—ENGINEERING ELEMENTS AND UNITS; GENERAL MEASURES FOR PRODUCING AND MAINTAINING EFFECTIVE FUNCTIONING OF MACHINES OR INSTALLATIONS; THERMAL INSULATION IN GENERAL
- F16F—SPRINGS; SHOCK-ABSORBERS; MEANS FOR DAMPING VIBRATION
- F16F2236/00—Mode of stressing of basic spring or damper elements or devices incorporating such elements
- F16F2236/04—Compression
-
- F—MECHANICAL ENGINEERING; LIGHTING; HEATING; WEAPONS; BLASTING
- F16—ENGINEERING ELEMENTS AND UNITS; GENERAL MEASURES FOR PRODUCING AND MAINTAINING EFFECTIVE FUNCTIONING OF MACHINES OR INSTALLATIONS; THERMAL INSULATION IN GENERAL
- F16F—SPRINGS; SHOCK-ABSORBERS; MEANS FOR DAMPING VIBRATION
- F16F2238/00—Type of springs or dampers
- F16F2238/04—Damper
-
- F—MECHANICAL ENGINEERING; LIGHTING; HEATING; WEAPONS; BLASTING
- F16—ENGINEERING ELEMENTS AND UNITS; GENERAL MEASURES FOR PRODUCING AND MAINTAINING EFFECTIVE FUNCTIONING OF MACHINES OR INSTALLATIONS; THERMAL INSULATION IN GENERAL
- F16F—SPRINGS; SHOCK-ABSORBERS; MEANS FOR DAMPING VIBRATION
- F16F7/00—Vibration-dampers; Shock-absorbers
-
- F—MECHANICAL ENGINEERING; LIGHTING; HEATING; WEAPONS; BLASTING
- F16—ENGINEERING ELEMENTS AND UNITS; GENERAL MEASURES FOR PRODUCING AND MAINTAINING EFFECTIVE FUNCTIONING OF MACHINES OR INSTALLATIONS; THERMAL INSULATION IN GENERAL
- F16F—SPRINGS; SHOCK-ABSORBERS; MEANS FOR DAMPING VIBRATION
- F16F7/00—Vibration-dampers; Shock-absorbers
- F16F7/14—Vibration-dampers; Shock-absorbers of cable support type, i.e. frictionally-engaged loop-forming cables
-
- G—PHYSICS
- G10—MUSICAL INSTRUMENTS; ACOUSTICS
- G10K—SOUND-PRODUCING DEVICES; METHODS OR DEVICES FOR PROTECTING AGAINST, OR FOR DAMPING, NOISE OR OTHER ACOUSTIC WAVES IN GENERAL; ACOUSTICS NOT OTHERWISE PROVIDED FOR
- G10K11/00—Methods or devices for transmitting, conducting or directing sound in general; Methods or devices for protecting against, or for damping, noise or other acoustic waves in general
- G10K11/16—Methods or devices for protecting against, or for damping, noise or other acoustic waves in general
Abstract
Wire rope isolators are sometimes used in an effort to decouple ground supported structures or apparatus from seismic compressive, tensile and shear loads from seismic activity. However in some applications particularly high-CG and/or eccentric structures, wire rope isolators may be unsuitable or insufficient. Disclosed herein, a seismic isolation assembly (100) is defined by a first support plate (104) and a second support plate (110) disposed in parallel relation with a spacing being provided between the support plates. The first support plate is connected to ground and the second support plate is attached to a structure to be isolated. A set of wire rope isolators (118) are disposed between the first and second support plates and at least one linear damper (160) is angularly disposed between the first and second support plates. nsufficient. Disclosed herein, a seismic isolation assembly (100) is defined by a first support plate (104) and a second support plate (110) disposed in parallel relation with a spacing being provided between the support plates. The first support plate is connected to ground and the second support plate is attached to a structure to be isolated. A set of wire rope isolators (118) are disposed between the first and second support plates and at least one linear damper (160) is angularly disposed between the first and second support plates.
Description
SEISMIC ISOLATION ASSEMBLY
TECHNICAL FIELD
This application is directed generally to the field of isolation assemblies and more
specifically to a seismic isolation assembly for use with ground supported structures, including
tall and eccentrically defined structures.
BACKGROUND OF THE PRIOR ART
Any discussion of the prior art throughout the specification should in no way be
considered as an admission that such prior art is widely known or forms part of common
general knowledge in the field.
Ground supported structures or apparatus are susceptible to various forms of
loading, including seismic and environmental load inputs, among others, over their useful life.
One example of a supported structure is a circuit breaker for use in an electrical power grid
assembly, shown in Fig. 1. This structure 10 is defined by a vertical mast 14 that supports an
upper horizontally disposed cross member 18, the latter being configured for connection to a
plurality of high tension lines 17. The length of the vertical mast 14 is considerably longer than
that of the horizontal member 18, the latter being supported at the top of the vertical member
14 and therefore producing a high center of gravity (CG) that can also be eccentrically
disposed in relation to the lower or bottom end of the structure 10 at which the structure is
supported. The herein described structure 10 further includes a plurality of ceramic insulator
disc-like plates 22 that are disposed in a sequential or stacked configuration axially along at
least portions of each of the vertical mast 14 and horizontal cross member 18. When
subjected to seismic loads, these ceramic insulator plates 22 may become more susceptible to
cracking and fracture, which adversely affects performance. The time taken to inspect these
structures for damage following a seismic event and the additional cost and time impact
required for repair and replacement can be significant.
Therefore, it is generally accepted that such structures be decoupled from seismic
loads, in an effort to isolate the structures and render them earthquake proof. Certain
assemblies are known that provide isolation using wire rope isolators from compressive,
tensile and shear loads. While such assemblies are highly effective for a number of supported
structures, the high-CG and/or eccentric nature of structures such as depicted in Fig. 1 create
multi-directional load inputs that cannot easily be compensated using only wire rope isolators.
As a result, it is a general desire to provide a reliably consistent seismic isolation
assembly that improves the useful life and reliability of eccentrically constructed structures.
BRIEF DESCRIPTION
Therefore and according to one aspect, there is provided an assembly for seismically
isolating a structure, the assembly comprising a first support plate configured for fixed
attachment to a base, a second support plate disposed in parallel and spaced relation with the
first support plate, the second support plate being configured for fixed attachment to the
structure and a plurality of wire rope isolators disposed in the spacing between the first and
second support plates. A plurality of linear dampers are angularly disposed between each of
the first and second support plates.
Unless the context clearly requires otherwise, throughout the description and the
claims, the words “comprise”, “comprising”, and the like are to be construed in an inclusive
sense as opposed to an exclusive or exhaustive sense; that is to say, in the sense of
“including, but not limited to”.
In one embodiment, the first and second support plates are horizontally disposed
with the first support plate being disposed beneath the second support plate. The wire rope
isolators are attached to the underside of the second support plate and to a support block that
is fixedly attached to the base. The linear dampers include a linearly or axially movable end
attached to the second support plate and an opposite end attached to a support that is fixedly
mounted to the base. The linear dampers can according to one embodiment be comprised of
viscous based dampers, such as hydraulic dampers, that provide the additional damping for
multi-directional load inputs from a supported structure.
According to at least one version, sets of linear dampers can be disposed between
evenly distributed wire rope isolators. Each set of linear dampers can include at least one or a
plurality of dampers commonly disposed at an angle of between approximately 90 and 45
degrees relative to the second support plate. In one exemplary version, multiple sets, each
including at least two viscous dampers are inwardly disposed at an angle between the upper
and lower support plates. In one version, this angle is approximately 20 degrees from vertical.
In another exemplary version, four (4) wire rope isolators are disposed in spaced
relation between the upper and lower support plates. A corresponding number of sets of linear
dampers are additionally disposed, with a set being mounted between each of adjacently
spaced wire rope isolators and about the outer periphery of the support plates. Each set of
linear dampers can include two or more linear dampers commonly and inwardly disposed from
a base mounted support toward the end of the second support plate at the disposed angle.
According to another embodiment, there is provided a method for isolating a
structure from seismic loads, said method comprising:
providing a first support plate that is configured to be fixedly attached to a base;
providing a second support plate parallel to the first plate and in spaced relation
therewith, the second support plate being configured to be fixedly attached to a structure;
mounting a plurality of wire rope isolators between the first and second support
plates, each of the wire rope isolators being spaced from one another; and
attaching a plurality of linear dampers at respective ends between the first and
second support plates, the linear dampers being angularly mounted relative to the support
plates.
In one version, the linear dampers are viscous and in which the first and second
support plates are provided along a horizontal plane with the wire rope isolators being
configured horizontally between the support plates and in which at least one linear damper is
vertically disposed relative to the assembly between each of the wire rope isolators.
Sets of linear dampers, such as hydraulic or other viscous dampers, can be
commonly and vertically disposed at a predetermined angle between the wire rope isolators.
In one version, sets of two or more linear dampers can be mounted to the second support
plate and the base in side by side relation to provide additional damping.
One advantage provided by the herein described seismic isolation assembly is that
additional damping can be provided to a supported ground structure having a high CG and/or
eccentric configuration and capable of producing a multi-dimensional load input, which can
produce rocking of the structure.
Another advantage is that the herein described seismic isolation assembly is reliable
and less prone to hysteresis effects.
Yet another advantage is that the number of linear dampers can easily be adjusted
as needed to change the damping characteristics of the herein described system and
permitting versatility as to numerous ground structures and loading conditions.
These and other features and advantages will be readily from the following Detailed
Description which should be read in conjunction with the accompanying drawings.
BRIEF DESCRIPTION OF THE DRAWINGS
Fig. 1 is a perspective view of an exemplary ground supported structure;
Fig. 2 is top perspective view of a seismic isolation assembly in accordance with an
exemplary embodiment;
Fig. 3 is a side elevational view of the seismic isolation assembly of Fig. 2;
Figs. 4(a) and 4(b) are top plan and side views of an exemplary wire rope isolator for
use in the seismic isolation assembly of Figs. 2 and 3;
Figs. 5(a) and 5(b) are side views of an exemplary linear damper for use in the
seismic isolation assembly of Figs. 2-4; and
Fig. 6 is a partial view of the ground supported structure of Fig. 1, as supported by
the seismic isolation assembly of Figs. 2-5.
DETAILED DESCRIPTION
The following relates to an exemplary embodiment of an assembly that is utilized to
isolate seismic load inputs and in particular those inputs relative to an eccentric ground
supported structure, such as the circuit breaker 10 depicted in Fig. 1. It will be readily
apparent to those of sufficient skill from the following description, however, that this assembly
and variants thereof can easily be employed for effectively isolating other ground supported
structures. In addition and in the course of discussion, certain terms such as horizontal”,
“vertical”, “upper”, “lower”, “top”, “bottom”, “above”, “below” and the like are used in order to
provide a suitable frame of reference with regard to the accompanying drawings. These terms,
however, are not intended to limit the scope of the inventive concepts, including the appended
claims, unless such limitations are specifically indicated.
Referring to Figs. 2 and 3, an exemplary seismic isolation assembly 100 includes a
first or lower support plate 104 and a second or upper support plate 110. Each of the lower
and upper support plates 104, 110 are made from a suitable structural material, such as
stainless steel, and disposed in substantially parallel relation with one another. The
perspective view of Fig. 2 shows that the lower support plate 104 is attached, such through the
use of bolts (not shown) secured through openings 105 extending through the thickness of the
lower support plate 104 to a support structure on the ground. As more clearly seen in Fig. 3, a
spacing 117 is defined between an upper surface or side 109 of the lower support plate 104
and a lower surface or side 111 of the upper support plate 110, as discussed herein.
According to this embodiment, the lower support plate 104 is substantially rectangular in terms
of configuration, with each corner 107 of the lower support plate 104 being beveled. The
upper support plate 110 is smaller in terms of its overall length and width dimensions than that
of the lower support plate 104. For purposes of this exemplary embodiment, the upper support
plate 110 is further defined by a substantially octagonal shape defined by respective sides 115.
It should be noted, however, that the herein described configuration is exemplary and other
suitable polygonal shapes, including circular configurations, could be alternatively provided for
either or both of the lower and upper support plates 104, 110, provided each are substantially
planar. When assembled, the upper support plate 110 is substantially centered above the
lower support plate 104, the support plates being disposed in a substantially horizontal
configuration. A top or upper side 112 of the upper support plate 110 includes at least one set
of openings 119 that are spaced and configured for fixedly and securely retaining an end of the
structure to be isolated.
Still referring to Figs. 2 and 3, a plurality of wire rope isolators 118 are disposed
within the defined spacing 117 between the lower and upper support plates 104, 110.
According to this embodiment, each wire rope isolator 118 is individually secured to the lower
surface 111 of the upper support plate 110 and to the upper surface of a support block or
platform 127, the latter being bolted or otherwise fixedly mounted to the upper surface 109 of
the lower support plate 104. The support block 127 is exemplary and other mounting
techniques to the lower support surface 104 or the base 113 can be utilized. According to this
exemplary embodiment, a total of four (4) wire rope isolators 118 are disposed in equally
spaced relation to one another between the lower and upper support plates 104, 110, although
this parameter can also be easily varied depending on loading conditions and the structure to
be isolated.
More specifically and referring to Figs. 4(a) and 4(b), each wire rope isolator 118
according to this exemplary embodiment includes a rectangular shaped upper mounting block
130 and a parallel and correspondingly shaped lower mounting block 134, respectively. A
plurality of cylindrical wire coils 140 are introduced between the mounting blocks 130, 134
through a spaced series of lateral holes 144 provided in each mounting block 130, 134, as the
coils 140 are threaded therethrough and in which the ends of each coil 140 are attached to the
upper mounting block 130. According to this embodiment, the mounting blocks 130, 134 are
each formed from aluminum and the cylindrical wire coils 140 are formed from stainless steel,
but these materials can be suitably varied. In addition, the size of the mounting blocks 130,
134 and the lateral holes 144 of the isolators 118, as well as the thickness of the cylindrical
wire in the coils 140 used can also be suitably varied, depending on the structure being
supported and required spring rate, deflection and damping characteristics of a particular
application. For example, one suitable wire rope isolator design which can be used for this
purpose is described in commonly owned U.S. Patent No. 5,449,285 to Collins, the entire
contents of which are herein incorporated by reference. It will be readily apparent from the
following discussion that other suitable isolator assemblies can be alternatively used.
Each of the mounting blocks 130, 134 of the wire rope isolators 118 further includes
a set of equally spaced transverse through openings 152 that are provided in opposing top and
bottom sides thereof to permit attachment to the bottom surface 111 of the upper support plate
110 and the top surface of the supporting block 127, respectively, using appropriately sized
threaded fasteners.
As shown in Figs. 2 and 3, the herein described isolation assembly further includes
an additional plurality of linear dampers 160 that are disposed between the lower support plate
104 and the upper support plate 110. These dampers 160 provide additional damping that
cannot be provided by the wire rope isolators 118 due to loading conditions of the supported
structure 10, Fig. 1.
Referring to Figs. 5(a) and 5(b), each of the linear dampers 160 according to this
exemplary embodiment are defined by a cylindrical housing 168 having a fixed end 164 and an
oppositely disposed axially movable end 166. The axially movable end 166 is further attached
to a piston assembly 174 that includes a piston rod 176 extending within the interior of the
cylindrical housing 168. The interior of the cylindrical housing 168 defines a damping chamber
that is configured to retain a quantity of a hydraulic fluid and in which the piston assembly 174
is configured to displace fluid within the cylinder and induce damping. Each of the movable
and fixed ends 164, 166 of the cylinder 168 include fittings that enable transverse mounting.
The stroke of the piston assembly 174 can be selected based on the loading characteristics
and structure to be supported and isolated. One example of a suitable hydraulic damper for
these purposes is the LD damper series, manufactured by ITT Enidine, Inc., although other
versions can be substituted. Alternatively, other forms of linear dampers such as linear friction
dampers can also be substituted herein for the linear hydraulic dampers described herein.
According to this exemplary embodiment, four (4) sets of linear dampers 160 are
vertically disposed between the adjacently spaced wire rope isolators 118. Each of the four
sets of linear dampers 160 include a plurality of hydraulic viscous dampers in which each fixed
end 164 is independently secured to the lower support plate 104 and the movable end 166 is
secured to an upwardly extending portion of a mounting block 190, the latter being fixedly
attached to the top surface 112 of the upper support plate 110 and secured thereto using bolts
or other suitable fasteners (not shown). Each of the linear dampers 160 according to this
particular embodiment are vertically disposed at an angle of approximately 68 degrees relative
to the upper support plate 110. According to this exemplary embodiment, each set of linear
dampers 160 is defined by four (4) hydraulic dampers, which are disposed in side by side
parallel relation to one another and independently mounted to the lower support plate 104 and
mounting block 190. The number of sets of linear dampers 160 and the number of dampers in
each set can be varied, as well as the vertical angle at which the linear dampers 160 are
disposed. As a result and due to their ease in accessibility and independent mounting, the
number of dampers 160 can be changed “on the fly” for purposes of testing and
support/damping in actual use and in which the support block 127 and mounting plate can
include a plurality of spaced attachment positions.
As previously noted, the stroke length of each linear damper 160 can be suitably
selected based on the loading characteristics, as well as the type of hydraulic fluid retained in
the housing 168 and the damping coefficient.
As shown in the figures and particularly Fig. 6 and in terms of overall operation, the
circuit breaker of Fig. 1 is again shown having a supporting vertical bracket 15 disposed at the
lower or bottom end of the structure 10 that is fixedly mounted to the upper side 112 of the
upper support plate 110 while the lower support plate 104 is attached to ground. This
supported structure 10 is isolated from seismic inputs from the ground, which is a multi-
directional input. Based on the high and/or eccentric center of gravity of the supported
structure a rocking component is created, which is non-axial. For purposes of tensile and
compressive damping of the supported structure, the wire rope isolators 118 providing a low
spring rate and some hysteretic damping in all directions. The linear dampers 160, being
angularly mounted relative to the primary axis of the supported structure 10 are configured to
provide additional damping to the system in all directions. That is, angular mounting of a
plurality of linear dampers 160 at the spaced locations enables additional damping as caused
by seismic loads in all directions. The hydraulic damping is required because the wire rope
isolators 118 fail to provide sufficient damping in all directions.
It will be readily apparent that other variations and modifications are possible utilizing
the inventive concepts that are described herein and in accordance with the appended claims.
Claims (14)
1. A seismic isolation assembly comprising: a first support plate configured for fixed attachment to a base; a second support plate disposed in parallel relation with the first support plate and configured for fixed attachment to a structure and in which a spacing is defined between the first and second support plates; a plurality of wire rope isolators fixedly mounted in spaced relation between the first support plate and the second support plate, each wire rope isolator having an upper mounting block, a lower mounting block, and a plurality of wire coils introduced through lateral holes formed in each of the upper and lower mounting blocks, each wire rope isolator further having a primary axis disposed along a major dimension of the first and second support plates; and a plurality of sets of linear dampers, each linear damper including a first end attached to an upper surface of the first support plate and an opposing second end attached to the second support plate, and in which each set of linear dampers is disposed between adjacently spaced wire rope isolators, with each linear damper being mounted at an acute angle between the first and second support plates relative to a plane of said support plates.
2. A seismic isolation assembly as recited in claim 1, wherein each set of linear dampers includes at least one linear damper, the sets of linear dampers being disposed between adjacently mounted wire rope isolators.
3. A seismic isolation assembly as recited in claim 1, wherein each set of linear dampers is mounted at an angle between about 45 and about 90 degrees relative to the plane established by the first support plate and the second support plate.
4. A seismic isolation assembly as recited in claim 1, wherein the linear dampers are hydraulic viscous dampers.
5. A seismic isolation assembly as recited in claim 1, wherein the major dimension is horizontal.
6. A seismic isolation assembly as recited in claim 2, wherein each linear damper of each set is independently mounted.
7. A seismic isolation assembly as recited in claim 2, in which each set of linear dampers includes at least two (2) side by side linear dampers disposed in side by side and parallel relation at the acute mounting angle.
8. A method for isolating a ground supported structure from seismic loads, said method comprising: providing a first support plate attached to ground; providing a second support plate in parallel relation to the first support plate, the second support plate being attached to the ground supported structure and in which a spacing is defined between the first and second support plates; mounting a plurality of isolators between the first and second support plates in a planar spaced configuration, each of the isolators being wire rope isolators having an upper mounting block, a lower mounting block, and a plurality of wire coils introduced through lateral holes formed in each of the upper and lower mounting blocks, each wire rope isolator further having a primary axis disposed parallel to the planar configuration of the support plates; and mounting sets of linear dampers to each of the first and second support plates at respective ends of each linear damper, each linear damper having a fixed end and a movable end, each of the sets of linear dampers being mounted at an acute angle relative to the planar configuration of the support plates and between adjacently spaced isolators.
9. A method as recited in claim 8, wherein the acute mounting angle of each set of linear dampers is between about 45 and 90 degrees relative to the planar configuration of the support plates.
10. A method as recited in claim 9, wherein the fixed end of each linear damper is attached to the first support plate and the movable end of each linear damper is attached to the second support plate.
11. A method as recited in claim 10, wherein the linear dampers are hydraulic viscous dampers.
12. A method as recited in claim 8, including the step of disposing at least four wire rope isolators in spaced relation between the first and second support plates and in which each set of linear dampers includes at least two linear dampers in side by side and parallel relation between adjacent wire rope isolators.
13. A method as recited in claim 8, in which each damper in each set of dampers is independently mounted.
14. A seismic isolation assembly substantially as herein described with reference to any one of the embodiments of the invention illustrated in
Applications Claiming Priority (2)
Application Number | Priority Date | Filing Date | Title |
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US201361913035P | 2013-12-06 | 2013-12-06 | |
US61/913035 | 2013-12-06 |
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NZ702029B true NZ702029B (en) | 2018-06-26 |
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