NZ626694B2 - Wound dressing for use in vacuum therapy - Google Patents
Wound dressing for use in vacuum therapy Download PDFInfo
- Publication number
- NZ626694B2 NZ626694B2 NZ626694A NZ62669412A NZ626694B2 NZ 626694 B2 NZ626694 B2 NZ 626694B2 NZ 626694 A NZ626694 A NZ 626694A NZ 62669412 A NZ62669412 A NZ 62669412A NZ 626694 B2 NZ626694 B2 NZ 626694B2
- Authority
- NZ
- New Zealand
- Prior art keywords
- yarn
- wound
- fibres
- gel
- vacuum
- Prior art date
Links
- 238000002560 therapeutic procedure Methods 0.000 title claims abstract description 7
- 206010052428 Wound Diseases 0.000 claims abstract description 74
- 208000027418 Wounds and injury Diseases 0.000 claims abstract description 74
- 239000011148 porous material Substances 0.000 claims abstract description 13
- 238000000034 method Methods 0.000 claims description 19
- 239000004753 textile Substances 0.000 claims description 16
- 238000006243 chemical reaction Methods 0.000 claims description 11
- 239000012530 fluid Substances 0.000 claims description 6
- LFQSCWFLJHTTHZ-UHFFFAOYSA-N Ethanol Chemical compound CCO LFQSCWFLJHTTHZ-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 claims description 3
- 239000003513 alkali Substances 0.000 claims description 3
- 239000011928 denatured alcohol Substances 0.000 claims description 3
- 238000009956 embroidering Methods 0.000 claims description 3
- 238000007789 sealing Methods 0.000 claims description 3
- FDRCDNZGSXJAFP-UHFFFAOYSA-M sodium chloroacetate Chemical compound [Na+].[O-]C(=O)CCl FDRCDNZGSXJAFP-UHFFFAOYSA-M 0.000 claims description 3
- 238000007385 chemical modification Methods 0.000 claims 1
- 229920000433 Lyocell Polymers 0.000 description 21
- 239000004744 fabric Substances 0.000 description 20
- 239000000499 gel Substances 0.000 description 13
- 210000000416 exudates and transudate Anatomy 0.000 description 9
- 239000000463 material Substances 0.000 description 9
- 238000009941 weaving Methods 0.000 description 7
- HEMHJVSKTPXQMS-UHFFFAOYSA-M Sodium hydroxide Chemical compound [OH-].[Na+] HEMHJVSKTPXQMS-UHFFFAOYSA-M 0.000 description 6
- 239000000835 fiber Substances 0.000 description 6
- 239000000203 mixture Substances 0.000 description 6
- 238000009940 knitting Methods 0.000 description 5
- 239000001913 cellulose Substances 0.000 description 4
- 235000010980 cellulose Nutrition 0.000 description 4
- 238000009987 spinning Methods 0.000 description 4
- 229920002134 Carboxymethyl cellulose Polymers 0.000 description 3
- 239000001768 carboxy methyl cellulose Substances 0.000 description 3
- 235000010948 carboxy methyl cellulose Nutrition 0.000 description 3
- 238000009960 carding Methods 0.000 description 3
- 229920002678 cellulose Polymers 0.000 description 3
- 239000006260 foam Substances 0.000 description 3
- 238000007383 open-end spinning Methods 0.000 description 3
- 238000009736 wetting Methods 0.000 description 3
- FHVDTGUDJYJELY-UHFFFAOYSA-N 6-{[2-carboxy-4,5-dihydroxy-6-(phosphanyloxy)oxan-3-yl]oxy}-4,5-dihydroxy-3-phosphanyloxane-2-carboxylic acid Chemical compound O1C(C(O)=O)C(P)C(O)C(O)C1OC1C(C(O)=O)OC(OP)C(O)C1O FHVDTGUDJYJELY-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 description 2
- 229920003043 Cellulose fiber Polymers 0.000 description 2
- 229920000742 Cotton Polymers 0.000 description 2
- 239000002253 acid Substances 0.000 description 2
- 229940072056 alginate Drugs 0.000 description 2
- 229920000615 alginic acid Polymers 0.000 description 2
- 235000010443 alginic acid Nutrition 0.000 description 2
- 239000008112 carboxymethyl-cellulose Substances 0.000 description 2
- 229920006184 cellulose methylcellulose Polymers 0.000 description 2
- 230000003247 decreasing effect Effects 0.000 description 2
- 230000035876 healing Effects 0.000 description 2
- 238000003780 insertion Methods 0.000 description 2
- 230000037431 insertion Effects 0.000 description 2
- 238000012545 processing Methods 0.000 description 2
- 238000005086 pumping Methods 0.000 description 2
- 230000035484 reaction time Effects 0.000 description 2
- 238000009864 tensile test Methods 0.000 description 2
- 238000012360 testing method Methods 0.000 description 2
- 230000008467 tissue growth Effects 0.000 description 2
- 238000005406 washing Methods 0.000 description 2
- KIUKXJAPPMFGSW-DNGZLQJQSA-N (2S,3S,4S,5R,6R)-6-[(2S,3R,4R,5S,6R)-3-Acetamido-2-[(2S,3S,4R,5R,6R)-6-[(2R,3R,4R,5S,6R)-3-acetamido-2,5-dihydroxy-6-(hydroxymethyl)oxan-4-yl]oxy-2-carboxy-4,5-dihydroxyoxan-3-yl]oxy-5-hydroxy-6-(hydroxymethyl)oxan-4-yl]oxy-3,4,5-trihydroxyoxane-2-carboxylic acid Chemical compound CC(=O)N[C@H]1[C@H](O)O[C@H](CO)[C@@H](O)[C@@H]1O[C@H]1[C@H](O)[C@@H](O)[C@H](O[C@H]2[C@@H]([C@@H](O[C@H]3[C@@H]([C@@H](O)[C@H](O)[C@H](O3)C(O)=O)O)[C@H](O)[C@@H](CO)O2)NC(C)=O)[C@@H](C(O)=O)O1 KIUKXJAPPMFGSW-DNGZLQJQSA-N 0.000 description 1
- 229920001661 Chitosan Polymers 0.000 description 1
- 206010033372 Pain and discomfort Diseases 0.000 description 1
- 229920000297 Rayon Polymers 0.000 description 1
- FAPWRFPIFSIZLT-UHFFFAOYSA-M Sodium chloride Chemical compound [Na+].[Cl-] FAPWRFPIFSIZLT-UHFFFAOYSA-M 0.000 description 1
- 229920002334 Spandex Polymers 0.000 description 1
- 238000010521 absorption reaction Methods 0.000 description 1
- DPXJVFZANSGRMM-UHFFFAOYSA-N acetic acid;2,3,4,5,6-pentahydroxyhexanal;sodium Chemical compound [Na].CC(O)=O.OCC(O)C(O)C(O)C(O)C=O DPXJVFZANSGRMM-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 description 1
- 238000013019 agitation Methods 0.000 description 1
- 238000013459 approach Methods 0.000 description 1
- 230000009286 beneficial effect Effects 0.000 description 1
- 230000035587 bioadhesion Effects 0.000 description 1
- 230000017531 blood circulation Effects 0.000 description 1
- 230000001684 chronic effect Effects 0.000 description 1
- 125000004122 cyclic group Chemical group 0.000 description 1
- 238000013461 design Methods 0.000 description 1
- 230000009977 dual effect Effects 0.000 description 1
- 230000000694 effects Effects 0.000 description 1
- 239000006261 foam material Substances 0.000 description 1
- 150000004676 glycans Chemical class 0.000 description 1
- 229920002674 hyaluronan Polymers 0.000 description 1
- 229960003160 hyaluronic acid Drugs 0.000 description 1
- 150000002500 ions Chemical class 0.000 description 1
- 230000001788 irregular Effects 0.000 description 1
- 238000001000 micrograph Methods 0.000 description 1
- 238000002156 mixing Methods 0.000 description 1
- 239000001814 pectin Substances 0.000 description 1
- 235000010987 pectin Nutrition 0.000 description 1
- 229920001277 pectin Polymers 0.000 description 1
- 229920001282 polysaccharide Polymers 0.000 description 1
- 239000005017 polysaccharide Substances 0.000 description 1
- 235000019812 sodium carboxymethyl cellulose Nutrition 0.000 description 1
- 229920001027 sodium carboxymethylcellulose Polymers 0.000 description 1
- 239000002904 solvent Substances 0.000 description 1
- 239000004759 spandex Substances 0.000 description 1
- 238000010561 standard procedure Methods 0.000 description 1
- 239000007858 starting material Substances 0.000 description 1
- 239000000126 substance Substances 0.000 description 1
- 238000006467 substitution reaction Methods 0.000 description 1
- 239000008399 tap water Substances 0.000 description 1
- 235000020679 tap water Nutrition 0.000 description 1
- 238000010998 test method Methods 0.000 description 1
- 238000009489 vacuum treatment Methods 0.000 description 1
Classifications
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- A61F13/00012—
-
- A61F13/00021—
-
- A—HUMAN NECESSITIES
- A61—MEDICAL OR VETERINARY SCIENCE; HYGIENE
- A61F—FILTERS IMPLANTABLE INTO BLOOD VESSELS; PROSTHESES; DEVICES PROVIDING PATENCY TO, OR PREVENTING COLLAPSING OF, TUBULAR STRUCTURES OF THE BODY, e.g. STENTS; ORTHOPAEDIC, NURSING OR CONTRACEPTIVE DEVICES; FOMENTATION; TREATMENT OR PROTECTION OF EYES OR EARS; BANDAGES, DRESSINGS OR ABSORBENT PADS; FIRST-AID KITS
- A61F13/00—Bandages or dressings; Absorbent pads
- A61F13/00051—Accessories for dressings
- A61F13/00063—Accessories for dressings comprising medicaments or additives, e.g. odor control, PH control, debriding, antimicrobic
-
- A61F13/00068—
-
- A—HUMAN NECESSITIES
- A61—MEDICAL OR VETERINARY SCIENCE; HYGIENE
- A61F—FILTERS IMPLANTABLE INTO BLOOD VESSELS; PROSTHESES; DEVICES PROVIDING PATENCY TO, OR PREVENTING COLLAPSING OF, TUBULAR STRUCTURES OF THE BODY, e.g. STENTS; ORTHOPAEDIC, NURSING OR CONTRACEPTIVE DEVICES; FOMENTATION; TREATMENT OR PROTECTION OF EYES OR EARS; BANDAGES, DRESSINGS OR ABSORBENT PADS; FIRST-AID KITS
- A61F13/00—Bandages or dressings; Absorbent pads
- A61F13/02—Adhesive bandages or dressings
- A61F13/0203—Adhesive bandages or dressings with fluid retention members
- A61F13/0206—Adhesive bandages or dressings with fluid retention members with absorbent fibrous layers, e.g. woven or non-woven absorbent pads or island dressings
- A61F13/0209—Adhesive bandages or dressings with fluid retention members with absorbent fibrous layers, e.g. woven or non-woven absorbent pads or island dressings comprising superabsorbent material
-
- A—HUMAN NECESSITIES
- A61—MEDICAL OR VETERINARY SCIENCE; HYGIENE
- A61F—FILTERS IMPLANTABLE INTO BLOOD VESSELS; PROSTHESES; DEVICES PROVIDING PATENCY TO, OR PREVENTING COLLAPSING OF, TUBULAR STRUCTURES OF THE BODY, e.g. STENTS; ORTHOPAEDIC, NURSING OR CONTRACEPTIVE DEVICES; FOMENTATION; TREATMENT OR PROTECTION OF EYES OR EARS; BANDAGES, DRESSINGS OR ABSORBENT PADS; FIRST-AID KITS
- A61F13/00—Bandages or dressings; Absorbent pads
- A61F2013/00089—Wound bandages
- A61F2013/0017—Wound bandages possibility of applying fluid
- A61F2013/00174—Wound bandages possibility of applying fluid possibility of applying pressure
-
- A—HUMAN NECESSITIES
- A61—MEDICAL OR VETERINARY SCIENCE; HYGIENE
- A61F—FILTERS IMPLANTABLE INTO BLOOD VESSELS; PROSTHESES; DEVICES PROVIDING PATENCY TO, OR PREVENTING COLLAPSING OF, TUBULAR STRUCTURES OF THE BODY, e.g. STENTS; ORTHOPAEDIC, NURSING OR CONTRACEPTIVE DEVICES; FOMENTATION; TREATMENT OR PROTECTION OF EYES OR EARS; BANDAGES, DRESSINGS OR ABSORBENT PADS; FIRST-AID KITS
- A61F13/00—Bandages or dressings; Absorbent pads
- A61F2013/00089—Wound bandages
- A61F2013/00217—Wound bandages not adhering to the wound
- A61F2013/00229—Wound bandages not adhering to the wound with alginate
-
- A—HUMAN NECESSITIES
- A61—MEDICAL OR VETERINARY SCIENCE; HYGIENE
- A61F—FILTERS IMPLANTABLE INTO BLOOD VESSELS; PROSTHESES; DEVICES PROVIDING PATENCY TO, OR PREVENTING COLLAPSING OF, TUBULAR STRUCTURES OF THE BODY, e.g. STENTS; ORTHOPAEDIC, NURSING OR CONTRACEPTIVE DEVICES; FOMENTATION; TREATMENT OR PROTECTION OF EYES OR EARS; BANDAGES, DRESSINGS OR ABSORBENT PADS; FIRST-AID KITS
- A61F13/00—Bandages or dressings; Absorbent pads
- A61F2013/00089—Wound bandages
- A61F2013/00238—Wound bandages characterised by way of knitting or weaving
- A61F2013/00242—Wound bandages characterised by way of knitting or weaving to avoiding fraying or pilling
-
- A—HUMAN NECESSITIES
- A61—MEDICAL OR VETERINARY SCIENCE; HYGIENE
- A61F—FILTERS IMPLANTABLE INTO BLOOD VESSELS; PROSTHESES; DEVICES PROVIDING PATENCY TO, OR PREVENTING COLLAPSING OF, TUBULAR STRUCTURES OF THE BODY, e.g. STENTS; ORTHOPAEDIC, NURSING OR CONTRACEPTIVE DEVICES; FOMENTATION; TREATMENT OR PROTECTION OF EYES OR EARS; BANDAGES, DRESSINGS OR ABSORBENT PADS; FIRST-AID KITS
- A61F13/00—Bandages or dressings; Absorbent pads
- A61F2013/00361—Plasters
- A61F2013/00365—Plasters use
- A61F2013/00536—Plasters use for draining or irrigating wounds
-
- A—HUMAN NECESSITIES
- A61—MEDICAL OR VETERINARY SCIENCE; HYGIENE
- A61F—FILTERS IMPLANTABLE INTO BLOOD VESSELS; PROSTHESES; DEVICES PROVIDING PATENCY TO, OR PREVENTING COLLAPSING OF, TUBULAR STRUCTURES OF THE BODY, e.g. STENTS; ORTHOPAEDIC, NURSING OR CONTRACEPTIVE DEVICES; FOMENTATION; TREATMENT OR PROTECTION OF EYES OR EARS; BANDAGES, DRESSINGS OR ABSORBENT PADS; FIRST-AID KITS
- A61F13/00—Bandages or dressings; Absorbent pads
- A61F2013/00361—Plasters
- A61F2013/00365—Plasters use
- A61F2013/0054—Plasters use for deep wounds
-
- A—HUMAN NECESSITIES
- A61—MEDICAL OR VETERINARY SCIENCE; HYGIENE
- A61L—METHODS OR APPARATUS FOR STERILISING MATERIALS OR OBJECTS IN GENERAL; DISINFECTION, STERILISATION OR DEODORISATION OF AIR; CHEMICAL ASPECTS OF BANDAGES, DRESSINGS, ABSORBENT PADS OR SURGICAL ARTICLES; MATERIALS FOR BANDAGES, DRESSINGS, ABSORBENT PADS OR SURGICAL ARTICLES
- A61L15/00—Chemical aspects of, or use of materials for, bandages, dressings or absorbent pads
- A61L15/16—Bandages, dressings or absorbent pads for physiological fluids such as urine or blood, e.g. sanitary towels, tampons
- A61L15/42—Use of materials characterised by their function or physical properties
- A61L15/425—Porous materials, e.g. foams or sponges
-
- A—HUMAN NECESSITIES
- A61—MEDICAL OR VETERINARY SCIENCE; HYGIENE
- A61L—METHODS OR APPARATUS FOR STERILISING MATERIALS OR OBJECTS IN GENERAL; DISINFECTION, STERILISATION OR DEODORISATION OF AIR; CHEMICAL ASPECTS OF BANDAGES, DRESSINGS, ABSORBENT PADS OR SURGICAL ARTICLES; MATERIALS FOR BANDAGES, DRESSINGS, ABSORBENT PADS OR SURGICAL ARTICLES
- A61L15/00—Chemical aspects of, or use of materials for, bandages, dressings or absorbent pads
- A61L15/16—Bandages, dressings or absorbent pads for physiological fluids such as urine or blood, e.g. sanitary towels, tampons
- A61L15/42—Use of materials characterised by their function or physical properties
- A61L15/60—Liquid-swellable gel-forming materials, e.g. super-absorbents
-
- D—TEXTILES; PAPER
- D01—NATURAL OR MAN-MADE THREADS OR FIBRES; SPINNING
- D01G—PRELIMINARY TREATMENT OF FIBRES, e.g. FOR SPINNING
- D01G15/00—Carding machines or accessories; Card clothing; Burr-crushing or removing arrangements associated with carding or other preliminary-treatment machines
-
- D—TEXTILES; PAPER
- D01—NATURAL OR MAN-MADE THREADS OR FIBRES; SPINNING
- D01H—SPINNING OR TWISTING
- D01H4/00—Open-end spinning machines or arrangements for imparting twist to independently moving fibres separated from slivers; Piecing arrangements therefor; Covering endless core threads with fibres by open-end spinning techniques
-
- D—TEXTILES; PAPER
- D01—NATURAL OR MAN-MADE THREADS OR FIBRES; SPINNING
- D01H—SPINNING OR TWISTING
- D01H4/00—Open-end spinning machines or arrangements for imparting twist to independently moving fibres separated from slivers; Piecing arrangements therefor; Covering endless core threads with fibres by open-end spinning techniques
- D01H4/04—Open-end spinning machines or arrangements for imparting twist to independently moving fibres separated from slivers; Piecing arrangements therefor; Covering endless core threads with fibres by open-end spinning techniques imparting twist by contact of fibres with a running surface
- D01H4/08—Rotor spinning, i.e. the running surface being provided by a rotor
- D01H4/10—Rotors
-
- D—TEXTILES; PAPER
- D02—YARNS; MECHANICAL FINISHING OF YARNS OR ROPES; WARPING OR BEAMING
- D02G—CRIMPING OR CURLING FIBRES, FILAMENTS, THREADS, OR YARNS; YARNS OR THREADS
- D02G3/00—Yarns or threads, e.g. fancy yarns; Processes or apparatus for the production thereof, not otherwise provided for
- D02G3/02—Yarns or threads characterised by the material or by the materials from which they are made
-
- D—TEXTILES; PAPER
- D02—YARNS; MECHANICAL FINISHING OF YARNS OR ROPES; WARPING OR BEAMING
- D02G—CRIMPING OR CURLING FIBRES, FILAMENTS, THREADS, OR YARNS; YARNS OR THREADS
- D02G3/00—Yarns or threads, e.g. fancy yarns; Processes or apparatus for the production thereof, not otherwise provided for
- D02G3/02—Yarns or threads characterised by the material or by the materials from which they are made
- D02G3/04—Blended or other yarns or threads containing components made from different materials
-
- D—TEXTILES; PAPER
- D02—YARNS; MECHANICAL FINISHING OF YARNS OR ROPES; WARPING OR BEAMING
- D02G—CRIMPING OR CURLING FIBRES, FILAMENTS, THREADS, OR YARNS; YARNS OR THREADS
- D02G3/00—Yarns or threads, e.g. fancy yarns; Processes or apparatus for the production thereof, not otherwise provided for
- D02G3/44—Yarns or threads characterised by the purpose for which they are designed
- D02G3/448—Yarns or threads for use in medical applications
-
- D—TEXTILES; PAPER
- D04—BRAIDING; LACE-MAKING; KNITTING; TRIMMINGS; NON-WOVEN FABRICS
- D04B—KNITTING
- D04B21/00—Warp knitting processes for the production of fabrics or articles not dependent on the use of particular machines; Fabrics or articles defined by such processes
- D04B21/10—Open-work fabrics
- D04B21/12—Open-work fabrics characterised by thread material
-
- D—TEXTILES; PAPER
- D06—TREATMENT OF TEXTILES OR THE LIKE; LAUNDERING; FLEXIBLE MATERIALS NOT OTHERWISE PROVIDED FOR
- D06B—TREATING TEXTILE MATERIALS USING LIQUIDS, GASES OR VAPOURS
- D06B9/00—Solvent-treatment of textile materials
-
- D—TEXTILES; PAPER
- D06—TREATMENT OF TEXTILES OR THE LIKE; LAUNDERING; FLEXIBLE MATERIALS NOT OTHERWISE PROVIDED FOR
- D06M—TREATMENT, NOT PROVIDED FOR ELSEWHERE IN CLASS D06, OF FIBRES, THREADS, YARNS, FABRICS, FEATHERS OR FIBROUS GOODS MADE FROM SUCH MATERIALS
- D06M13/00—Treating fibres, threads, yarns, fabrics or fibrous goods made from such materials, with non-macromolecular organic compounds; Such treatment combined with mechanical treatment
- D06M13/10—Treating fibres, threads, yarns, fabrics or fibrous goods made from such materials, with non-macromolecular organic compounds; Such treatment combined with mechanical treatment with compounds containing oxygen
- D06M13/184—Carboxylic acids; Anhydrides, halides or salts thereof
- D06M13/207—Substituted carboxylic acids, e.g. by hydroxy or keto groups; Anhydrides, halides or salts thereof
- D06M13/21—Halogenated carboxylic acids; Anhydrides, halides or salts thereof
-
- D—TEXTILES; PAPER
- D06—TREATMENT OF TEXTILES OR THE LIKE; LAUNDERING; FLEXIBLE MATERIALS NOT OTHERWISE PROVIDED FOR
- D06M—TREATMENT, NOT PROVIDED FOR ELSEWHERE IN CLASS D06, OF FIBRES, THREADS, YARNS, FABRICS, FEATHERS OR FIBROUS GOODS MADE FROM SUCH MATERIALS
- D06M2101/00—Chemical constitution of the fibres, threads, yarns, fabrics or fibrous goods made from such materials, to be treated
- D06M2101/02—Natural fibres, other than mineral fibres
- D06M2101/04—Vegetal fibres
- D06M2101/06—Vegetal fibres cellulosic
-
- D—TEXTILES; PAPER
- D06—TREATMENT OF TEXTILES OR THE LIKE; LAUNDERING; FLEXIBLE MATERIALS NOT OTHERWISE PROVIDED FOR
- D06M—TREATMENT, NOT PROVIDED FOR ELSEWHERE IN CLASS D06, OF FIBRES, THREADS, YARNS, FABRICS, FEATHERS OR FIBROUS GOODS MADE FROM SUCH MATERIALS
- D06M23/00—Treatment of fibres, threads, yarns, fabrics or fibrous goods made from such materials, characterised by the process
- D06M23/10—Processes in which the treating agent is dissolved or dispersed in organic solvents; Processes for the recovery of organic solvents thereof
-
- D—TEXTILES; PAPER
- D10—INDEXING SCHEME ASSOCIATED WITH SUBLASSES OF SECTION D, RELATING TO TEXTILES
- D10B—INDEXING SCHEME ASSOCIATED WITH SUBLASSES OF SECTION D, RELATING TO TEXTILES
- D10B2509/00—Medical; Hygiene
- D10B2509/02—Bandages, dressings or absorbent pads
- D10B2509/022—Wound dressings
-
- Y—GENERAL TAGGING OF NEW TECHNOLOGICAL DEVELOPMENTS; GENERAL TAGGING OF CROSS-SECTIONAL TECHNOLOGIES SPANNING OVER SEVERAL SECTIONS OF THE IPC; TECHNICAL SUBJECTS COVERED BY FORMER USPC CROSS-REFERENCE ART COLLECTIONS [XRACs] AND DIGESTS
- Y10—TECHNICAL SUBJECTS COVERED BY FORMER USPC
- Y10T—TECHNICAL SUBJECTS COVERED BY FORMER US CLASSIFICATION
- Y10T428/00—Stock material or miscellaneous articles
- Y10T428/29—Coated or structually defined flake, particle, cell, strand, strand portion, rod, filament, macroscopic fiber or mass thereof
- Y10T428/2913—Rod, strand, filament or fiber
- Y10T428/2973—Particular cross section
- Y10T428/2975—Tubular or cellular
Abstract
wound dressing for use in vacuum wound therapy comprising a wound contact layer which is an open structure comprising a yarn comprising gel-forming filaments or fibres, the structure having a pore or mesh size between 0.5 mm2 to 5.0 mm2.
Description
WOUND DRESSING FOR USE IN VACUUM THERAPY
The present invention relates to a device and kit for treating a wound with a dressing and
Vacuum.
Vacuum has been used to se blood flow to wound tissue and to remove exudate
from the wound site. In general vacuum treatment uses a device comprising a cover for
sealing about the outer perimeter of the wound, under which a vacuum is established to
act on the wound e. The vacuum applied to the wound e accelerates healing
of chronic wounds. A screen of open cell foam material or gauze is typically used under
the cover to provide the space in which the vacuum is formed and to reduce tissue
ingrowth. Sufficient vacuum is applied for a suitable duration to promote tissue
ion in order to facilitate the closure of the wound. Suitable vacuum is between
about 0.1 and 0.99 atmospheres. The vacuum can be substantially continuous or can be
cyclic with the ation of vacuum for alternating periods of application and
nonapplication.
Many common conventional and advanced wound contact dressings have shortcomings
particularly for use in suction wound y. In an example, gauze and other similar
flat fabric materials are commonly used as wound dressings. When gauze is in contact
with a wound it becomes wet with exudate and collapses into the wound. New tissue
growth can engulf the gauze making it difficult and painful to remove from the wound.
When foam is in contact with a wound and vacuum is applied, the foam can collapse and
in-growth of tissue can occur into the collapsed cell structure of the foam. In order to
overcome this problem relatively rigid perforated sheets have been used to t the
wound. However, they are not sufficiently flexible and conformable to comfortably and
adequately conform to wound surfaces that are often irregular in contour. A dressing
having such an inflexible or rigid ured material or wound contact layer can cause
unnecessary pain and discomfort to a patient.
In a vacuum wound dressing is described which is a fibrous blend or
s al that forms a cohesive gel when wetted with wound exudate. The
dressing is in the form of a non-woven fibrous mat.
A wound dressing for use in vacuum wound therapy preferably has some or all of the following
characteristics and properties:
it is porous to allow exudate to flow;
it has pores or holes to enable the underlying tissue to feel the effects of tissue strain;
it can be easily folded or scrunched to fill the wound site;
if fibrous, it has minimal fibre loss into the wound;
it presents the same material properties to the side of the wound as it does to the wound bed so
that the wound contact surface is tent over the whole wound;
it resists tissue th;
it has sufficient wet strength to facilitate easy removal;
it does not exert re on the wound bed on absorption of exudate;
it is suitable for a range of sizes of wound and for various shapes and depths;
it has minimal bioadhesion to minimise disruption to the wound bed on removal;
it imposes beneficial strain on the tissue when suction is applied to it.
We have found that it is possible to e a rming wound dressing with many of the
above desirable properties and which overcomes some of the problems of tissue ingrowth
identified above while filling the wound and allowing exudate to flow out of the wound site
when a vacuum is applied.
The discussion of the background to the invention ed herein including reference to
documents, acts, materials, devices, articles and the like is included to n the context of the
present invention. This is not to be taken as an admission or a suggestion that any of the
material referred to was published, known or part of the common general knowledge in New
Zealand or in any other country as at the priority date of any of the claims.
Accordingly, one aspect of the t invention provides a wound dressing for use in vacuum
wound y comprising a wound contact layer which is an open structure comprising a yarn
which ses gel-forming filaments or fibres, the structure having a pore or mesh size
between 0.5 mm2 to 5.0 mm2. The porosity of the structure allows exudate to flow through it.
It has been found that strain imposed on the tissue by the vacuum is believed to stimulate new
tissue growth and assist healing. The porosity present in the open structure of the dressing
according to the invention is believed to facilitate the application of strain to the tissue of the
wound.
The open structure can be in the form of a net knitted, woven or embroidered from a yarn
comprising gel-forming nts or . By the term yarn is meant a thread or strand of
continuous filament or staple fibres. Alternatively the open structure can be first knitted, woven
or embroidered from a textile yarn which is then chemically modified to impart gel-forming
properties to it. For instance, the yarn can be a cellulose yarn which is knitted or woven to form
the open structure and is then chemically modified to give the fibres greater absorbency and
gelling properties.
By gel g fibres is meant hygroscopic fibres which upon the uptake of wound exudate
become moist slippery or gelatinous and thus reduce the tendency for the surrounding fibres to
adhere to the wound. The gel forming fibres can be of the type which retain their ural
integrity on absorbtion of exudate or can be of the type which lose their fibrous form and
become a structureless gel. The gel forming fibres are preferably spun sodium
carboxymethylcellulose fibres, chemically modified cellulosic fibres, pectin fibres, alginate
fibres, chitosan fibres, hyaluronic acid fibres, or other polysaccharide fibres or fibres d
from gums. The cellulosic fibres preferably have a degree of substitution of at least 0.05
substituted groups per e unit. The gel forming fibres preferably have an absorbency of at
least 2 grams 0.9% saline solution per gram of fibre (as measured by the free swell absorbency
method BS EN 13726-1:2002 Test methods for primary wound dressings – Part 1 : Aspects of
absorbency, Method 3.2 free swell absorptive capacity).
Preferably the gel forming fibres have an absorbency of at least 10g/g as measured in the free
swell absorbency method, more preferably between 15g/g and 25g/g.
The dressing may for ce comprise non gel forming fibres and in ular textile fibres
such as Tencel, cotton or e and may comprise lycra or other elastic fibre. Preferably the
e fibres have an absorbency of less than 10g/g as measured by the free swell method and
more preferably less than 5 g/g.
The pore size of the dressing in part determines the strain placed on the wound when suction is
applied. The strain is also ined by the uniformity of the dressing over the area treated.
The maximum strain and the uniformity of its application will therefore depend not only on the
pore sixe of the open structure but also on the linear density of the yarn used to make the
dressing. Maximum strain can be achieved by sing the pore size or increasing the yarn
linear density. Uniformity is increased by decreasing the pore size and decreasing the yarn
linear density. We have found that acceptable strain is placed on the wound where the structure
has a pore size of between 0.5 mm2 to 5.0 mm2, preferably between 3.0 mm2 to 4.0 mm2 and the
yarn has a linear y of 20 tex to 40 tex.
The open structure can be in the form of a net with yarn joined at intervals to form a set of
meshes or the open ure can be knitted with a pore size as mentioned above.
An advantage of such an open structure is that it is easily folded or crumpled to fit the wound
and pack the wound site. Due to the structure, the dressing still allows e to pass h it
when a vacuum is applied to the wound even though the dressing may not be co-planar with the
wound bed. The conformability of the open structure allows all parts of the wound to be
contacted with a similar dressing structure so that for ce the sides of the wound are
contacted by the open structure as well as the wound bed.
In a further aspect the present invention es a device for vacuum wound therapy
comprising the wound dressing as described ; a source of vacuum situated to be ted
from a wound bed by the wound dressing; and a vacuum sealing layer covering the wound
dressing and adapted to retain relative vacuum in the wound contact layer.
The open structure of the dressing of the invention can be made by first forming a yarn of
gelling fibres. This may be done in various ways. For example gel forming fibres, which are for
instance any of those mentioned above or can be modified cellulose, or carboxymethyl cellulose
or alginate, can be spun into yarns comprising various blends of gel-forming staple fibres and
textile fibres. The spinning may be done by first carding the fibres in the blend and spinning a
yarn from the carded blend.
We have found that particularly suitable yarns can be formed by rotor spinning or open end
spinning. In such a process, staple gel-forming fibres are blended with textile fibres and carded
to produce a continuous web. The web is condensed to produce a card sliver and then rotor
spun. In rotor spinning, a high speed centrifuge is used to collect and twist dual fibres into
a yarn. The yarns produced from this que have the characteristics of sufficient tensile
strength to enable them to be further processed using knitting or weaving machinery.
Also described is a process for making a yarn comprising gel-forming fibres comprising the
steps of:
blending staple gel-forming fibres optionally with textile ;
carding to form a continuous web;
g the web to produce a ; and
rotor ng to produce a yarn.
Yarns produced by this method preferably comprise from 30% to 100% by weight gel-forming
fibres and 0% to 70% by weight textile fibres. More ably the yarns comprise from 50% to
100% by weight of gel-forming fibres with the e of textile fibres and most preferably from
60% to 100% by weight of gel-forming fibres.
The fibres present in the spun yarn preferably have a staple length of 30 to 60mm, more
preferably 40 to 55mm and most preferably 45 to 55mm.
A yarn made according to the processes of the present invention need not contain textile fibres
enabling structures to be produced which consist wholly of gel-forming fibres.
A g yarn can be produced using a spun yarn consisting of natural cellulose fibres or
solvent spun cellulose staple fibres or a blend of cellulose fibres and other textile fibres or by
using a filament yarn of t spun cellulose which is then converted to chemically modify the
yarn to produce gelling properties. For example, Lyocell yarns can be used as a starting material
and converted in a kier process to impart gel- forming behaviour to the yarn.
Yarns made according to the ses of the present invention preferably have a dry tensile
strength of at least ex, preferably from 10 to 40 cN/tex and most preferably from 16 to 35
cN/tex as measured by British Standard ISO 2062 2009.
Alternatively the open structure of the dressing of the invention can be made by weaving using a
textile yarn and the resulting fabric then converted to impart gel-forming behaviour to it to form
an open structure of gel-forming fibres.
It is also possible to warp or weft knit an open structure using a e yarn such as Lyocell and
then convert the resulting fabric to make the wound dressing of the invention. Further it is
possible to embroider an open structure in textile yarn onto a support film which is then
removed for instance by washing and the resulting structure converted to form an open structure
comprising a yarn of gel-forming fibres.
In a further aspect the present invention provides a process for making the open structure
comprising yarn of gel-forming fibres as described herein, the process including the steps of:
embroidering an open ure having a pore or mesh seize between 0.5 mm2 to 5.0 mm2 in a
e yarn on a soluble support film;
removing the support film by dissolving it; and
chemically modifying the structure of step (i) to give the yarn gel-forming properties to form the
open structure comprising yarn of gel-forming fibres.
A preferred method of ting the yarns or s is described in WO 00/01425. For
example the yarns or fabrics can be carboxymethylated by pumping a on fluid through the
reaction vessel and therefore the cellulosic materials at 65°C for 90 minutes. The reaction fluid
is a solution of an alkali (typically sodium hydroxide) and sodium monochloroacetate in
industrial denatured alcohol. After the reaction time, the reaction is neutralised with acid and
washed before being dried in a laboratory oven for 1 hour at 40°C.
Where the terms "comprise", "comprises", "comprised" or "comprising" are used in this
specification (including the claims) they are to be interpreted as specifying the presence of the
stated features, integers, steps or components, but not precluding the presence of one or more
other es, integers, steps or components, or group thereof.
Preferred embodiments of the invention are illustrated in the drawings in which:
Figure 1 is a graph showing tensile strengths for yarns according to the invention;
Figure 2 shows open structures produced from a yarn comprising gel forming fibres in a relaxed,
ly stretched out and wet and slightly stretched out state;
Figure 3a shows a fabric knitted using Tencel warps and weft insertion of a yarn according to
the invention in both dry and wet states;
Figure 3b shows the locking in of one yarn by another for the fabrics in Figure 3a;
Figure 4 shows an open structure ed by embroidering a textile yarn on a film, (a) showing
the embroidered two d structure on a film, (b) showing the converted dry ure and (c)
showing that ure wet;
Figure 5 shows a locked in a warp knitted structure produced using HF-2011/250;
Figure 6 shows a microscope image of Figure 5 g connecting yarns forming stitches
within the pillar stitch;
Figure 7 shows a ted woven structure in a dry state;
Figure 8 shows the structure from Figure 7 but wet.
The invention is illustrated by the following examples.
Example 1 ~ Spinning Yarn from staple gel-forming fibres
Lyocell fibres and carboxymethyl cellulose staple fibres in blends of 50:50, 60:40 and
70:30 ocell were made by carding on a Trutzschler cotton card and spinning the
resulting sliver at a twist of 650 turns/meter.
Example 2 ~ Converting a textile yarn to a gel-forming yarn
Yarns were converted in the laboratory using a mini kier. In both trials, staple and
filament lyocell yarns were converted. The yarns used for the conversion were staple 33
Tex Tencel®; HF—2011/090; and 20 Tex filament l batches 1/051 (trial 1)
and HF-2011/125 (trial 2). Tencel® is a g owned, trademarked brand of lyocell
and the Tencel® yarn used was a spun staple yarn. The filament lyocell was supplied by
Acelon chemicals and Fiber Corporation (Taiwan) via Offtree Ltd.
The advantages of ting a yarn are that complete cones of yarn could potentially be
converted in one relatively simple s, and the processing of gelling fibres is
avoided, thus reducing the number of processing steps required and damage to the fibres.
Trial 1 —— Yarn d Around Kier Core
In this trial, Tencel® yarn was tightly wrapped around the perforated core of the kier
using an electric drill to rotate the core and pull the yarn from the packages for speed.
This meant that the yarn was wrapped tightly around the core under tension.
The yam was converted by a process as described in WO 00/01425 in which
carboxymethylation was carried out by pumping fluid through the kier and therefore the
cellulosic materials at 65C for 90 minutes. The reaction fluid was a solution of an alkali
(typically sodium hydroxide) and sodium monochloroacetate in industrial denatured
alcohol. After the reaction time, the reaction was neutralised with acid and washed
before being dried in a laboratory oven for 1 hour at 40 C.
The conversion was successful and both staple and filament g yarns were produced;
HF-2011/103 and HF-ZOI 1/105 respectively. Due to the tight and uneven wrapping of the
staple yarn around the core, it had to be removed using a scalpel which left multiple short
lengths (approximately 14cm) of the converted yarn.
Trial 2 — Small Yarn Hanks
The aim of the second trial was to produce longer s of converted yarns for testing
hence a small hank was made of each the staple and t lyocell yarns by hand and
these were placed between layers of fabric for the conversion.
The yarn was converted by placing the hanks in a kier and. converting to form a gel-
forming fibre yarn as described above for Trial 1.
The conversion was successful and both staple and filament gelling yarns were produced;
HF-2011/146 and HF-201 1/147 respectively.
Yarn y
Sample HF#
Gelling Yarns 50:50 Spun staple gelling yarn HF-2011/001
60:40 Spun staple gelling yarn HF-2011/088
70:30 Spun staple g yarn HF-2011/108
Converted staple yarn (trial 1) HF-2011/103
Converted filament yarn (trial 1) 1/105
Converted staple yarn (trial 2) HF-201 1/ 146
Converted filament yarn (trial 2) HF-ZOl 1/147
Non-Gelling Yarns Staple Tencel® HF-2011/090
Filament lyocell (sample) HF-2011/051
Filament lyocell (bulk) HF-2011/125
Results from Examples 1 and 2
With the exception of HF-ZOll/OSI, all of the yarns were tested for wet and dry tensile
strength. tions were made to the standard method BS EN ISO 2062:2009;
“Textiles ~ Yarns from packages: Determination of single-end breaking force and
elongation at break using constant rate of extension (CRE) tester”. A Zwick tensile
testing machine was used with a gauge length of 100mm. The test uses a 100N or 20N»
liad cell to exert a constant rate of extension on the yarn until the breaking point is
reached. Wet tensile testing was measured by wetting the samples with 0.2m] of
solution A in the central 3 to 4cm of each yarn and leaving for 1 minute. The wetted
sample was then placed in the jaws of the Zwick and d shut. Tensile strength was
tested as the yarns produced need to be strong enough to withstand the tensions and
forces applied during knitting, weaving and embroidery.
Tensile Strength
The results showed that all of the yarns Were stronger when they were dry than when they
were wet, with 1/108, the 70:30 gelling yarn, showing the t tional
strength decrease.
Of the yarns tested, HF-2011/ 108 was the weakest yarn both when wet and dry with
tensile strengths of 12.4 and Tex respectively, despite ning 30% lyocell
fibres. As this was the weakest yarn, but it was sfully weft knitted; HF-2011/120
and woven; HF-2011/l69 into fabrics, it is believed that all of the other yarns would also
be strong enough to be converted into fabrics.
Both approaches successfully produced gelling yarns.
Example 3 Producing open structures from gel-forming yarn
A yarn was produced with a 2/12s worsted count consisting of 60% CMC fibres and 40%
viscose fibres, each with a staple length of ~40mm and the fibres were blended at the
fibre stage. The yarn was produced using a worsted system and two 12 count strands
were plied together. When dry, the yarn felt soft and the plying was clear as the two
strands wrapped around each other. On wetting with Solution A, the yarn gelled and
swelled to form a thicker yarn, and the plying became more pronounced.
A sample was made using this yarn on a warp knitting/stitch bonding machine and was
hydrated with on A.
The sample structure was d with Tencel warp yarns and gelling yarn wefts in a net-
like arrangement, which is especially visible when the structure is opened by gentle
stretching, as shown in figure 2. On wetting the structure gels slightly and feels wet but it
holds its open shape well.
Example 4
A yarn comprising gel forming fibres was produced by the method of example 3. Using
this yarn a fabric was knitted using Tencel warps and gelling yarn weft insertion. The
weft yarns were inserted in such a way that they became locked in due to the pattern of
knitting. This material has the weft yarn path notation of 0-1/1-1/1-2/2-3/3—2/2-1/1-2//.
The material felt quite thin and when wet, it gels but seems to hold fluid on its surface.
Example 5 Producing open structures from a textile yarn
Using a Tajima TMEX-ClZOl embroidery machine s were produced on a PVA film
from l thread (on the bobbin and as the top thread).
Thread = Gfitermann 120 Tex lyocell thread from Tony Slade (T.S. Sewing Supplies)
Software = Wilcom ES
Programme name = honeycomb
Number of stitches = 12,369 per 2 layers
Backing film = Soluble PVA film
Speed used = lZOOrpm
The film was removed by washing in warm tap water in a sink using lots of agitation
until the film looked to have been removed. The s were air dried on the bench
The fabrics were converted by a s as described in WO 00/01425 and detailed in
Example 2.
Example 6.
Warp knitting to produce a locked in structure.
To produce a fully locked in structure, a warp d fabric without any weft inlays is
preferred. In the ing example (figure 5) .a fabric has been formed from a set of 4
pillar stitches, the yarn then underlaps to the adjacent set of pillar stitches and continues
to form pillar stitches on this needle before underlapping back to the initial needle. Eg a
typical yarn path on for the simplest type of this fabric would be 0-2/2-1/2-1/2-0/0-
l/0-1//. By using 2 sets of warp ends within one set of chain stitch alternating the yarn
used for each stitch stops the structure being able to be lled easily. This structure
could be complicated by using more needles within the design or using on warp
beams to underlap in te directions. The fabric produced is a locked in structure as
the each knitted stitch is secured by a knitted stitch of another yarn end stopping the
structure from unravelling and the threads going perpendicular to the pillar stitches also
form loops within the structure, as shown in figure 6, ensuring that these are locked in.
Example 7 Weaving
Open plain weave structures have been produced on a Northrop loom, using a g
yarn previously described, HF-2011/108 to e fabric HF-2011/169. And by using a
Tencel spun yarn HF-2011/O90 and converting at the fabric stage, to produce fabric HF-
2011/136. The structure uses a warp density of 7.8 ends/cm and a weft density of 5.5
picks/cm.
Figure 7 shows HF-2011/l36, the sample converted at the fabric stage using the lab
conversion process as previously described. This produced an open structure that is thin
and flexible in its dry form. When wet this structure is less stable and bunches, but forms
a gelled structure as shown in figure 8.
Example 8
To produce a locked in woven sample, leno weaving is used. Leno weaving is a form of
weaving in which warp threads are made to cross one another between the picks. As the
warp yarns cross one another they are able to hold the weft yarns in place so little
movement occurs within the ure. When the sample is cut theoretically the yarns
should not be able to be removed as, the free end is held in place by le warps
within the rest of the structure. The leno can be applied to all or some of the yarns within
the fabric.
Claims (9)
1. A wound dressing for use in vacuum wound therapy comprising a wound contact layer which is an open structure comprising a yarn comprising gel-forming filaments or fibres, the ure having a pore or mesh size between 0.5 mm2 to 5.0 mm2. 5
2. A wound dressing as claimed in claim 1 wherein the pore or mesh size of the open structure is between 3.0 mm2 to 4.0 mm2.
3. A wound dressing as claimed in claim 1 or claim 2 n the yarn has a linear density of 20 tex to 40 tex.
4. A wound dressing as claimed in any one of the preceding claims wherein the open 10 structure is knitted.
5. A wound dressing as claimed in any one of claims 1 to 3 wherein the dressing is in the form of a net with yarn joined at als to form a set of meshes.
6. A device for vacuum wound therapy comprising: the wound dressing of any one of the preceding claims; 15 a source of vacuum ed to be separated from a wound bed by the wound dressing; and a vacuum sealing layer covering the wound dressing and adapted to retain relative vacuum in the wound contact layer.
7. A process for making the open ure comprising yarn of gel-forming fibres as claimed in any one of claims 1 to 5, the process comprising the steps of: 20 (i) embroidering an open structure having a pore or mesh size between 0.5 mm2 to 5.0 mm2 in a textile yarn on a soluble support film; (ii) removing the support film by ving it; and (iii) chemically modifying the structure of step (i) to give the yarn gel-forming properties to form the open structure comprising yarn of gel-forming fibres. 25
8. A process as claimed in claim 7 wherein the chemical modification is carboxymethylation using a reaction fluid of a solution of an alkali and sodium monochloroacetate in industrial denatured alcohol.
9. A process as d in claim 7 or claim 8 wherein the tensile strength of the yarn is at least 10cN/tex.
Applications Claiming Priority (3)
Application Number | Priority Date | Filing Date | Title |
---|---|---|---|
GBGB1120693.5A GB201120693D0 (en) | 2011-12-01 | 2011-12-01 | Wound dressing for use in vacuum therapy |
GB1120693.5 | 2011-12-01 | ||
PCT/GB2012/052950 WO2013079947A1 (en) | 2011-12-01 | 2012-11-29 | Wound dressing for use in vacuum therapy |
Publications (2)
Publication Number | Publication Date |
---|---|
NZ626694A NZ626694A (en) | 2016-04-29 |
NZ626694B2 true NZ626694B2 (en) | 2016-08-02 |
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