NZ248678A - Composition for controlling ectoparasitic infestation comprising a pyrethroid and piperonyl butoxide or n-octyl bicycloheptene dicarboximide - Google Patents

Description

New Zealand Paient Spedficaiion for Paient Number £48678 24 i 7 Patents Form # 5 Priority Dato(s): . flZ-.

Luuipiete Specification Filed: Class: J0SpA*w*.jW,t 38..

Publication Date: PJ?P. P.O. Journal, Mo: I3>*") NF.W ZEAT.AND Patents Act 1953 <&r * (i ^5SEP1993 id3vf COMPLETE SPECIFICATION Pesticidal Composition We, Virbac (Australia) Pty Limited, an Australian company, of 15 Pritchard Place, Peakhurst, New South Wales 2210, Australia, do hereby declare the invention for which we pray that a patent may be granted to us and the method by which it is, to be performed, to be particularly described in and by the following statement: .JWP FEE CODE-1050 ABSTRACT OF THE DISCLOSURE The invention relates to a pesticidal formulation suitable for the control of ectoparasites on non-human animals, in particular lice on sheep. The formulation comprises as active ingredients a pyrethroid and a synergist in a solvent. Preferred synergists are piperonyl butoxide and N-Octyl bicycloheptene dicarboximide (MGK 264). The formulation is diluted with water prior to use. Other components such as dyes may also be present. The application of the formulation is preferably as a low volume spray or high volume pour-on and the preferred rate of application is lOmL/lOkg of animal.

FIELD This invention relates to a composition for and an improved method of controlling infestations of ectoparasites such as lice on animals. In particular this invention relates to a composition and an improved method for the control lice on sheep.

BACKGROUND Ectoparasites, such as lice on sheep, have in the past, been treated with various compositions which can be applied by a variety of methods. Among the traditional methods of treating sheep for lice are the application of pesticidal compositions at a volume of 5 -15mL per sheep by the pour-on method, high volume jetting, shower dipping or plunge dipping. For various reasons these methods are not always successful. In some cases the parasite, eg. lice, may be resistant to the substances used, or it may be that there has been inadequate pesticide coverage of the animal, or the pesticide may not have come into contact with the parasite.

OBJECT It is an object of this invention to provide an improved composition and method for controlling the infestation of animals by ectoparasites such as lice, or at least to provide the public with a useful choice. 5917CS2.994/HC/nr hew /.CALAND 0 6 SEP TO patent office 24 p,6 7 STATEMENT OF INVENTION The composition of this invention contains as the active ingredients a pyrethroid and at least one synergist; together with a solvent.

It may also include other components such as dye stuffs or other additives as required.

The synergists are selected from the group comprising piperonyl butoxide and N-Octyl bicycloheptene dicarboximide also known as MGK 264.

Preferably the solvent is a water compatible solvent such as a glycol ester.

This composition is preferably diluted with water before use. Preferably the the composition contains more than 50% water when applied to the animal.

The ratio of pyrethroid to synergist may be between 1:2 and 1:10 by volume although the preferred ratio is about 1:4. The dilution may be from 1 part composition to 2 parts water to 1 part composition to 8 parts water although the preferred dilution is 1 part composition to 4 parts water. The addition of the water to the formulation results in better coverage of the animal's body thus ensuring that the pesticide actually comes into contact with the parasite.

By pyrethroids is meant any of the compounds known as pyrethroids, although it has been found that the preferred pyrethroids are cypermethrin, deltamethrin, alphamethrin and flumethrin.

In a preferred composition the pyrethroid is cypermethrin, the synergist is piperonyl butoxide, the ratio of pyrethroid to synergist is 1:4 by volume, the solvent is diethylene glycol mono-butyl ether and the dilution ratio is 1 part to 4 parts water.

In another preferred composition the pyrethroid is deltamethrin, the synergist is piperonyl butoxide, the ratio of pyrethroid to synergist is 1:5 by volume, the solvent is butyl dl isinol and the dilution ratio is 1 part to 4 parts water.

The compositions of this invention are particularly suited for application to the animals r"~~ 9917CS2.994/HC/mr ! M •' ' 0 6 icj's PATENT OiTiGC I J 24 3678 as either high volume pour-ons or as low volume sprays although it is envisaged that these compositions could also be used as a high volume spray or dip.

In another aspect this invention provides a method of treatment for the control of ectoparasites on animals which comprises applying to the animal a liquid or spray composition which contains as active ingredients a pyrethroid and at least one synergist. Preferably the synergists are selected from the group comprising piperonyl butoxide and N-Octyl bicycloheptene dicarboximide (also known as MGK 264).

The composition is preferably supplied as a concentrate and is diluted with water before being applied to the animal.

In a preferred aspect of this method of treatment the composition is applied at about 15 lOmL per 10kg of the animal.

The ratio of pyrethroid to synergist may be between 1:2 and 1:10 by volume although the preferred ratio is about 1:4. The dilution may be from 1 part composition to 2 parts water to 1 part composition to 8 parts water, although the preferred dilution is 1 part 20 composition to 4 parts water.

By pyrethroids is meant any of the compounds known as pyrethroids, although it has been found that the preferred pyrethroids are cypermethrin, deltamethrin, alphamethrin and flumethrin.

In the preferred methods of treatment for the control of ectoparasites the composition is applied to the animal as either a low volume spray or a high volume pour-on. The volume of pesticide applied to the animal is preferably in the range of 0.5 to 4.0mL per kg of animal body weight although in a most preferred option the volume applied is 30 lmL per kg or 50mL for a 50kg animal.

In traditional pour-on methods of treating ectoparasites on animals, particularly sheep, the volume of pesticide applied has been between 5 and 15mL per 50kg animal, ie 0.1 mL to 0.3 mL per kg of animal. It has been found that the volume of pesticide applied 35 in the preferred range of this invention, either as a pour-on or a spray, gives a superior control of the ectoparasites present.

S917C32.994/HC/mr 24 167 In a preferred aspect of the invention the pesticide is applied as a dual stripe, one each side of the backline of the animal, at the rate of about lOmL per 10kg animal. In the case of a 50kg sheep this would mean the pesticide is applied as two stripes of 25mL 5 each.

In another preferred aspect the pesticide is applied as a low volume spray such that the volume of pesticide applied is about lOmL per 10kg of animal.

In the preferred case the ectoparasite is lice and the animal is a sheep.

In yet another aspect this invention provides a method of treatment of non-human animals for ectoparasites. The animals are treated by applying externally a composition which contains as active ingredients a pyrethroid and at least one synergist; preferably 15 the synergists are selected from the group comprising piperonyl butoxide and N-Octyl bicycloheptene dicarboximide (also known as MGK 264). The composition further comprises a solvent and may also include other components such as dye stuffs or other as required.

This composition is preferably diluted with water before use.

Preferably the ectoparasite is lice and the animal is a sheep.

EXAMPLES The compositions of this invention, which should be considered in all its novel aspects, are illustrated by way of the examples described below. These compositions are given by way of example only and it is not intended that the invention be limited to the examples shown.

S917C82 > 994/HC/ar f NEW ZEAL'Y; J' 24 QQ Empte I.

The pesticide composition comprises: Cypermethrin 25g/L Piperonyl Butoxide lOOg/L Diethylene glycol mono-butyl ether to 1 Litre Sudan blue 0.25g/L The composition is diluted 1 part to 4 parts water prior to use.

Example 2.

Deltamethrin lOg/L Piperonyl butoxide 50g/L Butyl dl isinol to 1L Dilute 1 part to 4 parts water.

Example 3.

Alphamethrin SOg/L Piperonyl butoxide 200g/L Butyl dl isinol to 1L Dilute 1 part to 4 parts water. 5917NZCS.S93/jp 24 ° R 7 8 Example 4.

Cypermethrin 25g/L Piperonyl butoxide 50g/L N-Octyl bicycloheptene dicarboximide 85g/L (MGK264) Butyl dl isinol to 1L Dilute 1 part to 4 parts water.

Example 4 above could also be utilised using deltamethrin or alphamethrin at 10 and SO g/L respectively. The piperonyl butoxide would be present at twice the volume of the active ingredient and the MGK 264 at 3.33 times the volume of the active ingredient In Example 4 above it is also envisaged that the piperonyl butoxide could be varied from 2 to 5 times the concentration of the active ingredient and the MGK 264 could similarly be varied from 2 to 5 times the concentration of the active ingredient.

FIELD TRIALS Three field trials demonstrating the efficacy of the compositions of this invention are summarised below.

Trial 1.

Thirty undipped lousy sheep were divided into three groups of ten. One group was left untreated and each of the other two groups was treated with formulations of the 30 invention. The treated sheep were kept in separate individual mobs for eight weeks following treatment and the third, control group was kept separate throughout the trial.

Lice were counted at weekly intervals. In all untreated sheep, lice were present throughout the trial period. In one group of treated sheep, the lice kill was total with no lice present in any sheep at the end of the trial. In the second treated group, two lice only were found on one animal. 5917C32.994/HC/mr NEW ZEALAND 0 6 SEP 1994 PATENT'OFFICE 4 8 Q 7 Trial 2.

Forty merino sheep were selected from a mob for which lice infestation had persisted 5 despite off-shears pour-on treatment. A field pyrethroid resistance test carried on lice from the property indicated a degree of pyrethroid resistance. The sheep were randomly selected into two groups each of twenty animals, Group A and Group B. The average lice count in Group A was 23 per sheep and in Group B 27 per sheep.

Group A was treated with formulation A - a pour-on preparation comprising Cypermethrin 25g/L, Piperonyl butoxide lOOg/L, Sudan Blue dye and a hydrocarbon solvent at the rate of 10mL/50kg.

Group B was treated with Formulation B - low volume jetting using Formulation A 15 diluted by 4 parts water to 1 part A at the rate of 50 mIV50kg.

After treatment the sheep were returned to the rest of the mob which remained untreated.

At day 41 post treatment the two groups were examined for lice. In each group only one sheep was found to have only one louse.

Trial 3.

A total of eighty Merino ewes were allocated to four treatment groups each of twenty animals and the treatments as tabulated below were given. The formulations were administered to each animal by individual backline application in two lines, one on each side of the backline from high on the neck to the rump. 5917NZCS.993/jp 9 A on C Li u i Treatment Dose Rate Dose Vol (mL) Animals per Group 1. Cypermethrin (5g/L) + lmL/kg. 50 mL Piperonyl butoxide (20g/L) 2. Cypermethrin (5g/L) + lmL/kg 50 mL Chlorpyrifos (2g/L) 3. CYPERCARE-cypermethrin 25g/L 1 mL/5 kg mL 4. Untreated - • Note: Sheep dosed at 50 kg liveweight.

Following treatment sheep were maintained in individual paddocks by treatment group, separated by electric fencing, preventing any direct contact between sheep.

Assessments were undertaken using standard lice counting procedures on ten sheep per treatment group at 27,63, and 81 days post-treatment.

Arithmetic Means of The Sheep Biting Lice Per Animal at Each Assessment and Percent Efficacy - Damalinia ovis Treatment Pre- 27 DAT 63 DAT 81-88 DAT Treatment 1. Cypermethrin + Piperonyl Butoxide 292.2* 0 0 0 Efficacy % - 100 100 100 2. Cypermethrin + Chlorpyrifos 324.4* 0 0 3 Efficacy % - 100 100 94.6 3. CYPERCARE 323.5* 3.4 2.4 6.1 Efficacy % - 93.8 96.2 89.0 4. No-treatment 322.7* 54.8 62.6 55.1 DAT = Days after Treatment, * Assessed pre-shearing. 5917NZCS.993/jp O /, n ,ry ■"=7 ■ ' •' vj / - Cypermethrin + piperonyl butoxide gave excellent control with no sheep biting lice observed at the post-treatment assessments.

Cypermethrin + chlorpyrifos gave good sheep biting lice control up to 63 DAT but at 81-88 DAT lice were observed.

CYPERCARE gave poor sheep biting lice control with 93.8% and 96.2% efficacy at 27 and 63 DAT respectively. Sheep biting lice numbers increased and percent efficacy at 10 81-88 DAT fell to 89%.

No adverse effects were observed on the sheep as a result of the treatments applied.

The sheep biting lice population on the untreated control sheep remained at a constant 15 level throughout the period.

Advantages of the preferred formulations: The formulations of this invention and the preferred methods of application provide a 20 more effective and longer lasting control of sheep biting lice than prior art pour-on formulations. It is believed that the addition of water to the formulations in accordance with the Examples results in better coverage of the animal's body ensuring that the pesticide actually comes into contact with the parasite.

Finally, various other alterations or modifications may be made to the foregoing without departing from the scope of this invention. 5917NZCS.993/jp 248678 11

Claims (13)

1. WHAT WE CLAIM IS: 5 1. A composition for controlling infestations of ectoparasites on non-human animals, said composition containing at least one pyrethroid and at least one synergist; together with a solvent, wherein the synergists are selected from the group comprising piperonyl butoxide and N-Octyl bicycloheptene dicarboximide. 10
2. 2. A composition as claimed in claim 1, wherein the solvent is a water compatible solvent
3. 3. A composition as claimed in claim 1, wherein the composition is diluted with water before use. 15
4. 4. A composition as claimed in claim 1, wherein the ratio of pyrethroid to synergist is in the range between 1:2 and 1:10 by volume.
5. 5. A composition as claimed in any one of the preceding claims, wherein the 20 solvent is a glycol ester.
6. 6. A composition as claimed in claim 1, wherein the pyrethroid is cypermethrin, the synergist is piperonyl butoxide, the ratio of pyrethroid to synergist is 1:4 by volume, and the solvent is diethylene glycol mono-butyl ether. 25
7. 7. A composition as claimed in claim 1, wherein the pyrethroid is deltamethrin, the synergist is piperonyl butoxide, the ratio of pyrethroid to synergist is 1:5 by volume, and the solvent is butyl dl isinol. 30
8. 8. A composition as claimed in any one of the preceding claims, wherein the composition contains more than 50% water.
9. 9. A method of treatment for the control of ectoparasites on non-human animals which comprises applying to the non-human animal a composition as claimed in any 35 one of the preceding claims, in a liquid or spray form. 5917CS3.994/HC/mr NBA • 3D en p/ 25 248678 12-
10. 10. A method as claimed in claim 9, wherein the composition is applied to the non-human animal as either a low volume spray or a high volume pour-on and the volume of pesticide applied to the animal is within the range of 0.5 to 4.0ml per kg of 5 animal body weight.
11. 11. A composition for controlling infestations of ectoparasites on non-human animals, substantially as herein described with reference to the examples. 10
12. 12. A composition as claimed in any one of the preceding claims, wherein the ectoparasites are lice.
13. 13. A method of treatment for the control of ectoparasites on non-human animals, substantially as herein described with reference any one of the trials, excluding the 15 controls/comparatives. JAMES W PIPER & CO Attorneys for: 20 Virbac (Australia) Pty Ltd ^ en r\ // 0 V ■ * a r A2OCT 1994 1 30 35 5917CS3•994/HC/mr