NZ204486A

NZ204486A - Plant growth inhibiting compositions containing fertilisers and triazoles or pyrimidines

Info

Publication number: NZ204486A
Application number: NZ204486A
Authority: NZ
Inventors: G Baron; K Luerssen; J Niggemann; H Neumaier
Original assignee: Bayer Ag
Priority date: 1982-06-09
Filing date: 1983-06-07
Publication date: 1985-10-11
Also published as: DE3361992D1; ATE17637T1; EP0096787B1; DK261783D0; BR8303050A; CA1196793A; DE3221700A1; IL68892A0; EP0096787A1; ZA834170B; IL68892A; DK261783A; AU559694B2; JPS595101A; AU1542883A

Abstract

1. Agents for inhibiting growth of grass, characterized in that they contain an active compound combination consisting of A) an azole of the formula see diagramm : EP0096787,P6,F1 and B) a phosphate fertiliser, nitrogen fertiliser fast-release compound fertiliser or a slow-release compound fertiliser based on urea/aldehyde condensates.

Description

New Zealand Paient Spedficaiion for Paient Number £04486 20448& NO DRAWINGS Priority Date(s): ... fr.^.7^ Complete Specification Filed: Class: fif?.Mkh/.ki+S.k. urocrw" Publication Date: P.O. Journal, No: N.Z.No.

NEW ZEALAND Patents Act 1953 COMPLETE SPECIFICATION "PLANT GROWTH-INHIBITING AGENTS" We, BAYER AKTIENGESELLSCHAFT, a Company registered under the laws of the Federal Republic of Germany, of Leverkusen, Germany do hereby declare the invention, for which we pray that a Patent may be granted to us, and the method by which it is to be performed, to be particularly described in and by the following statement : - - 1 - (foU'Qwe^y 1A) f % \ 2«fttrisw"! - 1A- 2044&& The invention relates to new active compound combinations which consist of known growth inhibitors on the one hand and of known fertilisers on the other hand and are particularly suitable for inhibiting plant growth. azoles and pyrimidine derivatives have plant growth-regulating properties and, in particular, can be used for inhibiting plant growth (compare New Zealand Patent Specification No. 192858). 1-cyclohexyl-4,4-dimethyl-2-(1,2,4-triazol-1-yl)-pent-1-en-3-oI, 1-(4-chlorophenoxy)-3,3-dimethyl-2-(pyrimidin-5-yl)-butan-2-ol, 1-(4-chlorophenyl)-4,4-dimethyl-2-(1,2,4-triazo1-1-yI)-pentan-3-o I and 1 -<4-ch lorophenyI)-4,4-15 dimethy1-2-(1 ,2,4-triazo1-1-yI)-penten-3-o I (E-isomers) can be used for inhibiting vegetative plant growth. The action of these substances is good, but in some cases the inhibiting action starts relatively late. micro- and macro-nutrients, in particular with nitrogen, are also known. If relatively large amounts of such fertilisers are applied to the plants or their environment, a relatively large amount of the nutrients required for healthy growth is available to the plants. However, 25 the disadvantage is that over-fertilisation, which causes damage to the plants, may occur, especially if a high dose of fertilisers having a rapid action is applied.

Very vigorous vegetative growth also frequently occurs, which is undesirable, for example, in the case of orna-30 mental lawns.

It has already been disclosed that numerous Thus, for example, Numerous fertilisers for supplying plants with It has now been found that the new active compound combinations of ( A) an azole of the formula 2044 and B) a fe rt iIi ser are particularly suitable for inhibiting plant growth.

Surprisingly, the active compound combinations according to the invention already exert a plant growth-inhibiting action at a substantially earlier time than the corresponding growth inhibitors and fertilisers when these are applied separately. Moreover, the plants display a significantly better tolerance towards the active compound combinations according to the invention than towards the individual components. Thus, there is not only a supplementary action, but also an effect which cannot be predicted.

A larger amount of nutrients, especially nitrogen, can be supplied to the plants with the aid.of the active compound combinations according to the invention than with separate application of fertiliser, and in particular without the plants being damaged by ovei—fertilisation. It is also advantageous that excessive vegetative plant growth, which is frequently undesirable, does not occur when the active compound combinations according to the invention are used, in spite of the relatively high dose of fertiliser. The plants are distinguished by healthy, strong growth and by an intense dark-green coloration. In the case of ornamental lawns, a significantly denser turf is achieved than when the individual components are applied separately.

(CH3) 3C-CH (OH) TCH-(7) o 3 - X - 20448 Azoles similar to compound A) above and their plant growth-regulating properties are Known for example from New Zealand Patent Specification No.192858.

The active compound combinations according to the invention may contain, as fertilisers, all the customary substances or substance mixtures suitable for supplying plants with macro- and/or micro-nutrients. Preferred substances are: phosphate fertilisers, such as superphosphate (primary calcium phosphate and gypsum), double superphosphate (primary calcium phosphate) and Rhenania phosphate (calcium/sodium phosphate and calcium silicate); Thomas meal, phosphorite, Leuna-phos (mixture of ammonium sulphate and di-ammonium phosphate), Nitrophoska (mixture of ammonium sulphate or chloride, diammonium phosphate and potassium nitrate) and Hakaphos (mixture of urea, potassium nitrate and diammonium phosphate); nitrogen fertilisers, such as ammonium sulphate, calcium cyanamide, and its components, such as dicyandiamide, potassium nitrate, ammonium nitrate, urea and urea/ formaldehyde condensates, examples which may be mentioned being ureaform, isobuty lidene-diurea and crotony I idene-diurea (Flaranid ); rapid-action complete fertilisers, such as garden fertilisers which contain, for example, 12 X of N, 12 X of P2O5, 17 X of K20, 2 % of MgO, 0.1 X of B, 0.1 X of Mn and 0.02 % of Zn, or special fertilisers suitable for flowers and ornamental plants and containing, for example, 16 X of N (urea and ammonium nitrogen), 8 X of P205, 16 X of K20, 1 X of MgO, 0.1 X of B, 0.04 X of Cu, 0.1 X of Mn and 0.02 X of Zn; slow-acting complete fertilisers based on urea/formaldehyde or other urea/ aldehyde condensates, such as lawn fertilisers which have a long-term action and which contain, for example, 20 X of N (as a urea/formaldehyde or urea/isobutyra Idehyde condensate), 5 X of P205, 8 X of «20, 2 X of MgO, 0.4 X of Fe, 0.1 X of Mn and 0.02 X of Zn, or which contain, for example, 27 X of N, 7 X of P205, 7 X of K20 204486 and 1 X of MgO, or which contain, for example, 34 X of N, 5 X of P2O5 and 5 X of K20, and furthermore depot lawn fertilisers which have a metering encapsulation and contain, for example, 20 X of N, 5 X of P20j, 5 X of 5 K20 and 1 X of MgO, and also long-term fertilisers which have a metering membrane of resinified vegetable oils, the fertilisers containing, for example, 15 X of N, 12 X of P2O5 and 15 X of K2O or, for example, 16 X of N, 10 X of P2O5 and 13 X of K20, and moreover 10 long-term fertilisers containing, for example, 20.5 X of N (15 X as crotonylidene-diurea, 2.3 X as urea, 0.4 % as an ammonium salt and 2.8 X as nitrate), 10 X of P20j (2 X as monoammonium phosphate and 8 X as potassium magnesium phosphate), 15 X of K2O (9.8 X as potassium 15 nitrate and 5.2 X as potassium magnesium phosphate), 6 X of MgO (1.4 X as magnesite and 4.6 X as potassium magnesium phosphate), 0.05 X of Fe, 0.025 X of B, 0.1 X of Mn, 0.04 X of Cu and 0.05 X of Mo, and, finally, nitrogen depot fertilisers containing, for example, 15 X of N (6 X 20 thereof as isobutyIidene-diurea), 9 X of P20s* X of K20, 2 X of MgO, 0.3 X of Fe, 0.1 X of Mn and 0.02 X of Zn; slow-action complete fertilisers based on organic materials (humus fertilisers), such as lawn fertilisers containing, for example, 10 X of N, 3 X of P^j, 5 X 25 of K20, 2 X of MgO and 0.4 X of Fe, or lawn fertilisers which are based on peat and contain, for example, 8 X of N, 2 X of P20j and 3 X of K2O, or lawn fertilisers which are based on horn meal, horn semolina, bone meal or blood meal, and contain, for example, 6-7 X of N, 30 2-3 X of P2O5 and about 1 X of <2®' and also organic/mineraI NPK fertilisers containing, for example, 8 X of N, 7 X of P205/ 10 % of <2° and 1-5 X of M9°' and liquid fertilisers, such as leaf fertilisers with readily soluble nutrient contents and containing, for 35 example, 11 X of N, 8 X of P205, 6 X of K20, 0.019 X " * of Mn, 0.011 X of B, 0.008 X of Cu, 0.006 X 204486 of Zn and 0.001 X of Mo, or crystal suspension fertilisers containing, for example, 6 X of N (as carbamide and nitrate), 10 X of P2O5 the form of polyphosphates) and 16 X of K20.

The fertilisers in the active compound combin ations according to the invention may contain all macro-nutrients and micronutrients important for plant nutrition. Macronutrient elements which may be mentioned are nitrogen, phosphorus, potassium, calcium, magnesium and sul-10 phur. Micronutrient elements which may be mentioned are iron, manganese, zinc, copper, boron, molybdenum, sodium, cobalt, silicon, aluminium, vanadium, nickel and titanium.

The growth-inhibition effect manifests itself particularly clearly when the active compounds of groups 15 A and B are present in the active compound combinations according to the invention in certain ratios. However, the weight ratios of growth inhibitors to fertilisers in the active compound combinations according to the invention can be varied within relatively substantial ranges. 20 In general, 2 to 1,500 parts by weight, preferably 5 to 1,000 parts by weight, of a fertiliser listed under B) is present per 1 part by weight of growth inhibitor of the formu la a) .

The active compound combinations according to the 25 invention exhibit a powerful plant growth-inhibiting activity. They can preferably be used for inhibiting the growth of ornamental shrubs, including hedges, cereals, including rice, and also grass.

Inhibition of the longitudinal growth is important 30 in the case of cereals, because breaking of the stalks ("lodging") of the cereal is thereby largely avoided, even under adverse weather conditions. By using the active compound combinations according to the invention, it is also possible to achieve fertilisation with rela-35 tively large amounts of nitrogen fertiliser without running the risk of the cereal lodging. Increased yields 204486 - >r"- can thus be achieved by applying the active compound combinations according to the invention.

The stated growth-inhibiting effect of the active compound combinations according to the invention can also 5 advantageously be utilised in the inhibition of the growth of grass. Thus, for example, the frequency with which grass is cut in ornamental gardens, parks and sports fields, on golf courses and airfields or on street verges can be reduced.

An inhibition of the growth of ornamental shrubs is desirable if the plants are to display compressed, strong growth.

In the present case, cereals are to be understood as all the customary varieties of cereals. These include, 15 preferably, oats, rye, barley, wheat and rice.

The active compound combinations can be converted into the customary formulations, such as solutions, emulsions, suspensions, powders and granules.

These formulations are produced in a known manner, 20 for example by mixing the active compounds with extenders, that is, liquid solvents and/or solid carriers, option-ally with the use of surface-active agents, that is, emulsifying agents and/or dispersing agents. In the case of the use of water as an extender, organic solvents can, 25 for example, also be used as auxiliary solvents. As liquid solvents, there are suitable in the main: aromatics, such as xylene, toluene or alkyl naphthalenes, chlorinated aromatics or chlorinated aliphatic hydrocarbons, such as ch lorobenzenes, ch loroethy lenes or methylene 30 chloride, aliphatic hydrocarbons, such as cyclohexane or paraffins, for example mineral oil fractions, alcohols, such as butanol or glycol as well as their ethers and esters, ketones, such as acetone, methyl ethyl ketone, methyl isobutyl ketone or eyelohexanone, strongly polar 35 solvents, such as dimethyIformamide and dimethyIsuIphox-ide, as well as water. 2C448G - X- As solid carriers there are suitable: for example ground natural minerals, such as kaolins, clays, talc, chalk, quartz, attapulgite, montmoriI Ionite or diatoma-ceous earth, and ground synthetic minerals, such as 5 highly-dispersed silicic acid, alumina- and silicates; as solid carriers for granules there are suitable: for example crushed and fractionated natural rocks such as cal-cite, marble, pumice, sepiolite and dolomite, as well as synthetic granules of inorganic and organic meals, and 10 granules of organic material such as sawdust, coconut shells, maize cobs and tobacco stalks; as emulsifying agents there are suitable: for example non-ionic and anionic emulsifiers, such as polyoxyethylene-fatty acid esters, po lyoxyethy lene-fatty alcohol ethers, for example 15 alkylaryl polyglycol ethers, alkylsulphonates, alkyl-sulphates, aryIsuIphonates as well as albumin hydrolys-ation products; as dispersing agents there are suitable: for example ligninsulphite waste liquors and methyl-cellulose.

Adhesives such as carboxymethyIce I lulose, lignin- sulphonates and natural and synthetic polymers in the form of powders, granules or latices, such as gum arabic, polyvinyl alcohol, polyvinyl acetate and polyvinylpyrrolidone, can be used in the formulations.

It is possible to use colorants such as inorganic pigments, for example iron oxide, titanium oxide and Prussian Blue, and organic dyestuffs, such as alizarin, azo and metal phtha locyanine dyestuffs.

The formulations in general contain between 0.1 30 and 95 per cent by weight of active compounds, preferably between 0.5 and 90%.

The active compound combinations according to the invention can be in the formulations as mixtures with other known active compounds, such as fungicides, insecti-35 cides, acaricides and herbicides.

The active compound combinations can be used as £ - jr- 2044! such, in the form of their formulations or in the use forms prepared therefrom, such as ready-to-use solutions, emulsifiable concentrates, emulsions, suspensions, wett-able powders, soluble powders and granules.

The are used in the customary manner, for example by watering, spraying, atomising, scattering and the like.

The active compound concentrations can be varied within a substantial range. In general, 10 to 800 kg of active compounds (growth inhibitors and fertilisers), pre-10 ferably 50 to 500 kg of active compounds, are used per hectare of soil surface.

As regards the time of application, the rule is that the active compound combinations are applied within a preferred period of time, the exact definition of which 15 depends on the climatic and vegetative circumstances.

The good plant growth-inhibiting action of the active compound combinations according to the invention can be seen from the examples which follow.

Formulation Examples 20 Example 1 To prepare a wettable powder, 70 parts by weight of active compound of the formula OH (CH3 } 3C-CH-C=CH-(7) f N- N A) 2 parts by weight of a surface-active agent (wetting 25 agent), 3 parts by weight of a dispersing agent based on Iignin-suIphonate, 5 parts by weight of a condensation product of cyclohexanone, formaldehyde and sodium bisulphite, 5 parts by weight of highly disperse silicic acid and 15 parts by weight of kaolin (filler) are intensively 30 mixed in a mixer and the mixture is then finely ground in nv an air-jet mill. 204486 C * ( -4*"- Example 2 To prepare granules, 5 parts by weight of active compound of the formula OH (ch3) 3c-ch-c=chY h\ N, f If N ' A) 93.8 parts by weight of crotonyIidene-diurea fertiliser ("Floranid") and 1.2 parts by weight of polyvinyl alcohol (adhesive) are used.

In detail, the granules are prepared by a process in which the fertiliser content is first introduced into 10 a mixer without grinding elements, and an aqueous polyvinyl alcohol solution containing the abovementioned amount of polyvinyl alcohol adhesive is sprayed on during the mixing operation. After the polyvinyl alcohol solution has been uniformly distributed onto the surface of 15 the fertiliser, 7.14 parts by weight of wettable powder according to Example 1 (content of active compound of the formula (II-2): 5 parts by weight) are introduced into the mixer. After a mixing time of 15 minutes, the granules are dried at a temperature of 60°C, while the 20 mixer is running. Abrasion-resistant granules which release the active compounds when used in the presence of water are formed.

Example 3 To prepare granules, 3 parts by weight of active 25 compound of the formula 204-486 - 96.1 parts by weight of "Nitrophoska Blau" (NPK fertiliser which contains 12 X of N (in the form of ammonium salts and nitrates), 12 X of the form of calcium phosphates and ammonium phosphates), 17 X of K20 5 (in the form of potassium chloride and potassium sulphate), 2 X of MgO, 0.1 X of Mn and 0.02 X of Zn) and 0.9 parts by weight of polyvinyl acetate are used.

In detail, the granules are prepared by a procedure in which the fertiliser content is first intro-10 duced into a mixer without grinding elements, and an aqueous polyvinyl acetate adhesive solution containing the abovementioned amount of polyvinyl acetate adhesive is sprayed on during the mixing operation. When the adhesive has been uniformly distributed onto the surface 15 of the fertiliser, 4.29 parts by weight of wettable powder according to Example 1 (content of active compound of the formula _ A): 3 parts by weight) are added to the mixer. After a mixing time of 15 minutes, the granules are dried at a temperature of 60°C, while the mixer is 20 running. Abrasive-resistant granules with a relatively stable covering layer are formed. The granules gradually release the active compounds when used in the presence of water. ( 204486 II -jwr- Example A Inhibition of growth of grass (lawns)/open-air Plots of lawn, in each case 10 in size, on which the growth height of the grass (mixture: Berliner Tiergarten) is 4 cm 3 days after cutting, are a) treated neither with a growth-inhibiting active compound nor with a fertiliser, b) sprayed with in each case the desired amount of active compound preparation which contains the growth-inhibiting active compound of the formula A) in a concentration of 0.3 per cent by weight and which is prepared by mixing the required amount of wettable powder according to Example 1 with water, c) sprinkled with in each case the desired amount of crotonyIidene-diurea fertiliser ("F loranid"), d) first sprinkled with in each case the desired amount of crotonylidene-diurea fertiliser and then sprayed with in each case the desired amount of active compound preparation described under b), and e) sprinkled with in each case the desired amount of granules according to Example 2.

After the treatments, the areas of lawn are watered with water in an amount of 10 mm. The additional growth is measured on all the plots at various intervals of time.

The active compounds, amounts of active compound and experimental results can be seen from the following table.

Table A Inhibition of growth of grass (I awns)/open-air Active compound Amount of Additional growth in cm after or active compound cofiib i nat i on active compound applied 32 52 59 days — — 3,0 4,0 ,0 6,0 (Control) A) 1,5 kg/ha 1,6 2,0 ,0 6,0 Florariid g/m2 4,0 9,6 17,0 00 o I fertiliser Floranid g/ma 3,0 ,0 14 ,0 14 ,0 fertiliser* ( A) 1,5 kg/ha / Floranid ferti I i s e r * * + g/mJ 2,6 4,0 ,0 11 ,0 A) 1,5 kg/ha *) = separate application of the components, as described under (d) **) = joint application of the components, as described under (e) ,, 2044S& -X-H - Example B Inhibition of growth of grass (lawns)/open-air Plots of lawn, in each case 10 in size, on which the growth height of the grass (mixture: Berliner Tiergarten) is 4-cm 3 days after cutting, are a) treated neither with a growth-inhibiting active compound nor with a fertiliser, b) sprayed with in each case the desired amount of active compound preparation which contains the growth-inhibiting active compound of the formula A) in a concentration of 0.3 per cent by weight and which is prepared by mixing the required amount of wettable powder according to Example 1 with water, c) sprinkled with in each case the desired amount of "Nitrophoska Blau" fertiliser (compare Example 3), d) first sprinkled with in each case the desired amount of "Nitrophoska Blau" fertiliser and then sprayed with in each case the desired amount of active compound preparation described under b), and e) sprinkled with in each case the desired amount of granules according to Example 3.

• • • # I Table B Inhibition of growth pf gross (law ns ) / op cjv- a i r Active compound or active compound combination Amount of active compound applied Addi t i ona I 15 growth 32 in cm after 52 59 days - — 3,0 4,0 ,0 6,0 (Control) <A) 1,5 kg/ha 1,6 2,0 ,0 6,0 "Nitrophoska Blau" g /m* 3,6 7,0 13,0 13,2 Nitrophoska Blau* g /mJ 2,2 4,4 9,4 ,0 A) 1,5 kg/ha Nitrophoska Blau** g /m3 2,0 2,4 6,0 7,0 A) 1,5 kg/ha *) = separate application of the components, as described under (d) **) = joint application of the components, as described under (e) 2044*6

Claims

WHAT WE CLAIM IS: !• Agents for inhibiting plant growth, characterised in that they contain an active compound combination consisting of (A) (CH3)3C-CH(OH)-^=CH- o and (B) a fertilizer.
2. An agent according to claim 1, characterised in that the weight ratio of the plant growth-inhibiting active compound mentioned under (A) to a fertiliser mentioned under (B) in the active compound combinations is between 1:2 and 1:1,500.
3. An agent according to claim 2 characterised in that the weight ratio of (A) to (B) is between 1:5 and 1:1,000.
4. A process for inhibiting plant growth, characterised in that an active compound combination according to claim 1 is allowed to act on the plants and/or their environment.
5. Use of active compound combinations according to claim 1 or 2 for inhibiting plant growth.
6. Process for the preparation of agents for inhibiting plant growth, characterised in that an active compound combination according to claim 1 is mixed with one or more extenders and/or surface-active agents. -lb - 2.044&6
7. An Agent according to claim 1 substantially as hereinbefore described. BAYER AKTIENGESELLSCHAFT By Their Attorneys HENRY HUGHES LIMITED By: