CA1196793A - Plant growth-inhibiting agents - Google Patents
Plant growth-inhibiting agentsInfo
- Publication number
- CA1196793A CA1196793A CA000429847A CA429847A CA1196793A CA 1196793 A CA1196793 A CA 1196793A CA 000429847 A CA000429847 A CA 000429847A CA 429847 A CA429847 A CA 429847A CA 1196793 A CA1196793 A CA 1196793A
- Authority
- CA
- Canada
- Prior art keywords
- growth
- plant growth
- active compound
- inhibiting
- fertilisers
- Prior art date
- Legal status (The legal status is an assumption and is not a legal conclusion. Google has not performed a legal analysis and makes no representation as to the accuracy of the status listed.)
- Expired
Links
Classifications
-
- A—HUMAN NECESSITIES
- A01—AGRICULTURE; FORESTRY; ANIMAL HUSBANDRY; HUNTING; TRAPPING; FISHING
- A01N—PRESERVATION OF BODIES OF HUMANS OR ANIMALS OR PLANTS OR PARTS THEREOF; BIOCIDES, e.g. AS DISINFECTANTS, AS PESTICIDES OR AS HERBICIDES; PEST REPELLANTS OR ATTRACTANTS; PLANT GROWTH REGULATORS
- A01N43/00—Biocides, pest repellants or attractants, or plant growth regulators containing heterocyclic compounds
- A01N43/48—Biocides, pest repellants or attractants, or plant growth regulators containing heterocyclic compounds having rings with two nitrogen atoms as the only ring hetero atoms
- A01N43/54—1,3-Diazines; Hydrogenated 1,3-diazines
-
- A—HUMAN NECESSITIES
- A01—AGRICULTURE; FORESTRY; ANIMAL HUSBANDRY; HUNTING; TRAPPING; FISHING
- A01N—PRESERVATION OF BODIES OF HUMANS OR ANIMALS OR PLANTS OR PARTS THEREOF; BIOCIDES, e.g. AS DISINFECTANTS, AS PESTICIDES OR AS HERBICIDES; PEST REPELLANTS OR ATTRACTANTS; PLANT GROWTH REGULATORS
- A01N43/00—Biocides, pest repellants or attractants, or plant growth regulators containing heterocyclic compounds
- A01N43/64—Biocides, pest repellants or attractants, or plant growth regulators containing heterocyclic compounds having rings with three nitrogen atoms as the only ring hetero atoms
- A01N43/647—Triazoles; Hydrogenated triazoles
- A01N43/653—1,2,4-Triazoles; Hydrogenated 1,2,4-triazoles
Abstract
ABSTRACT OF THE DISCLOSURE
New active compound combinations of (A) a growth inhibiting agent of the formula
New active compound combinations of (A) a growth inhibiting agent of the formula
Description
~ ~g~ 33 The invention relates to new active compound combinations which consist of a growth inhibitor on the one hand and of known fertilisers on the other hand and are particularly suitable for inhibiting plant growth.
It has already been disclosed that numerous azoles and pyrimidine derivatives have plant growth-regulating properties and, in particular, can be used for inhibiting plant growth (compare German Offenlegungsschriften (German Published Specifications)
It has already been disclosed that numerous azoles and pyrimidine derivatives have plant growth-regulating properties and, in particular, can be used for inhibiting plant growth (compare German Offenlegungsschriften (German Published Specifications)
2,906,061, 2,944,850, 2,737,48~ and 3,010,560). Thus, for exampler 1-cyclohexyl-4,4-dimethyl-2-(1,2,4-triazol-1-yl)-pent-1-en-3-ol, 1-(4-chlorophenoxy)-3,3-dimethyl-2-(pyrimidin-5-yl)-butan-2-ol, 1-(4-chlorophenyl)-4,4-dimethyl-2-(1,2,4-triazol-1--yl)-pentan-3-ol and l-(4-chlorophenyl)-4,4-dimethyl-2-(1,2,4-triazol-1-yl)-penten-
3-ol (E-isomers) can be used for inhibiting vegetative plant growth.
The action of these substances is good, but in some cases the inhibiting action starts relatively late.
Numerous fertilizers for supplying plants with micro-and macro-nutrients, in particular with nitrogen, are also known.
If relatively large amounts of such fertilisers are applied to the plants or their environment, a relatively large amount of the nutrients required for healthy growth is available to the~plants.
However, the disadvantage is that over-fertilisation, which causes damage to the plants, may occur, especially if a high dose of fertilisers having a rapid action is applied. Very vigorous vegetative growth also frequently occurs, which is undesirable, for example, in the case of ornamental lawns.
7~3~
It has now been found that the new active compound combinations of A) an azole of the formula OE~
(CH3)3C - CH - C = CH - ~ (II-2) N
and B) a Eertiliser are particularly suitable for inhibiting plant growth.
Surprisingly, the active compound combinations according to the invention already exert a plant growth-inhibiting action at a substantially earlier time than the corresponding growth inhibit-ors and fertilisers when these are applied separately. Moreover, the plants display a significantly better tolerance towards the active compound combinations according to the invention than towards the individual components. Thus, there is not only a supplementary action, but also an effect which cannot be predicted.
A larger amount of nutrients, especially nitrogen, can be supplied to the plants with the aid of the active compound combin-ations according to the invention than with separate application of fertiliser, and in particular without the plants being damaged by over-Eertilisation. It is also advantageous that excessive veget-a-tive plant growth, which is frequently undesirable, does not occur when the active compound combinations according to the invention are used, in spite of the relatively high dose of fertiliser. The ti~7~3 plants are distinguished by healthy, strong growth and by an intense dark-green coloration. In the case of ornamental lawns, a signif-icantly denser turf is achieved than when the individual components are applied separately.
The growth inhibitor contained in the acti~e compound combinations according to khe invention is defined by the formula (II-2).
The active compound combinations according to the invent-ion may contain, as fertilisers, all the customary substances or subs-tance mixtures suîtable for supplying plants with macro- and/or micro-nutrients. Preferred substances are: phosphate fertilisers, such as superphosphate (primary calciu~ phosphate and gypsum), double superphosphate (primary calcium phosphate) and Rhenania phosphate (calcium/sodium phosphate and calcium silicate); Thomas * *
meal , phosphorite, Leuna-phos (mixture of ammonium sulphate and di-ammonium phosphate), Nitrophoska (mixture of ammonium sulphate or chloride, diammonium phosphate and potassium nitrate) and Hakaphos (mixture of urea, potassium nitrate and diammonium phosphate); nitrogen fertilisers, such as ammonium sulphate, calcium cyanamide, and its components, such as dicyandiamide, potassium nitrate, ammonium nitrate, urea and urea/formaldehyde condensates, examples which may be mentioned being ureaform, isobutylidene-diurea and crotonylidene-diurea (Floranid ); rapid-action complete Eertilisers, such as garden fertilisers which contain, for example, 12% of N, 12% of P2O5, 17% of K2O, 2% of MgO, 0.1% of B, 0.1% of Mn and 0.02% of Zn, or special fertilisers suitable for flowers and Trademark ornamental plants and containing, for example, 16% of N (urea and ammonium nitrogen), 8~ of P2O5, 16~ of K2O, 1% of MgO, 0.1% of B, 0.04% of Cu, 0.1% of Mn and 0.02% of Zn; slow-acting complete fertilisers based on urea/ormaldehyde or other urea/aldehyde condensates, such as lawn fertilisers which have a long-term action and which contain, or example 20% of N (as a urea/
formaldehyde or urea/isobutyraldehyde condensate), 5% of P2O5, 8% of K2O, 2~ of MgO, 0.4% o Fe, 0.1% of Mn and 0.02% o Zn, or which contain, for example, 27% of N, 7% of P2O5, 7% of K2O
~ ~6~ 3 and 1 % of MgO, or which contain, for example, 34 % of N, 5 % of P205 and 5 % of K20, and furthermore depot lawn fertilisers which have a metering encapsulation and contain, for example, 20 % of N, 5 ~ of PzO5, 5 % of 5 K20 and 1 % of MgO, and also long-term fertilisers which have a meter;ng membrane of resin;fied vegetable oils, the fertilisers containing, for example, 15 % of N~
12 % of P205 and 15 % of K20 or, for example~ 16 %
of N, 10 % of P205 and 13 % of KzO, and moreover 10 long-term fertilisers containing, for example, 20.5 % of N (15 % as crotonylidene-diurea, 2.3 % as urea~ 0.4 % as an ammonium salt and 2.8 % as nitrate~, 10 % of P205 ~2 % as monoammonium phosphate and ~ % as potassium magnesium phosphate), 15 % of K20 (9.8 % as potassium 15 nitrate and 5.2 % as potassium magnesium phosphate), 6 %
of MgO (1.4 % as magnesite and 4.6 % as potassium magnes-ium phosphate), 0.05 % of Fe, 0.025 % of B, 0.1 ~ of Mn, 0.04 % of Cu and 0.05 % of ~o, and, finally, nitrogen depot fertilisers containing, for example, 15 % of N (6 %
20 thereof as isobutylidene-diurea)~ 9 % of P20~, 15 %
of K20, 2 % of MgO, 0.3 % of Fe, 0.1 % of Mn and 0.02 %
of Zn; sLow-action complete fertilisers based on organic materials (humus fertilisers)~ such as lawn fertilisers containing, for example, 10 % of N, 3 % of P205, 5 %
25 of K20, 2 X of MgO and 0.4 % of Fe, or lawn fertilisers which are based on peat and contain, for example, 8 % of N, 2 % of P205 and 3 % of K20, or lawn fertilisers which are based on horn meal, horn semolina, bone meal or blood meal, and contain, for example, 6-7 % of ~, 30 2-3 X of P205 and about 1 % of KzO, and also organic/mineral NPK fer~ilisers containing, for example, , % of P205, 10 % of K20 and 1.5 % of MgO;
and liquid fertilisers, such as leaf fertilisers w;th read;ly soluble nutrient contents and containing, for 35 example, 11 % of N, 8 % of P20s, 6 % of K20, 0~019 %
of Fe, 0.016 % of Mn, 0.011 % of ~, 0.008 % of Cu, 0.006 %
Le A 21 757 67~3 of Zn and 0.001 % of Mo, or crystal suspension fertilisers containing, for example, 6 % of N (as carbamide and nitrate), 10 % of P205 (in the form of polyphosphates) and 16 % of K20.
The fertilisers in the active compound combin-ations according to the invention may contain all macro-nutrients and micronutrients important for plant nutrition.
Macronu~rient elements which may be mentioned are nitro-gen, phosphorus, potassium, calcium, magnesium and sul-10 phur. Micronutrient elements which may be mentioned are iron, manganese, ~inc, copper, boron, molybdenum, sodium, cobalt, silicon, aluminium, vanadium, nickel and titaniuM.
The growth~inhibition effect manifests itself particularly clearly when the active compounds of groups 15 A and B are present in the active compound combinations according to the invention in certain ratios. However, the weight ratios of growth inhibitor to fertilisers in the active compound combinations according to the inven-tion can be varied within relatively substantial ranges.
20 In general, 2 to 1,500 parts by weight, preferably 5 to 1,000 parts by weight, of a fertiliser listed under B) is present per 1 part by weight of growth inhibitor of the formula II-2 mentioned under A) .
The active compound combinations according to the 25 invention exhibit a powerful plant growth inhib;ting activity They can preferably be used for inhibiting the -growth of ornamental shrubs, including hedges, cereals, including rice, and also grass.
Inhibition of the longitudinal growth is important 30 in the case of cereals, because breaking of the stalks ("lodging") of the cereal is thereby largely avoided, even under adverse weather conditions. By using the active compound combinations according to the invention, it is also possible to achieve fertilisation with rela-35 tively large amounts of nitrogen fertiliser withoutrunning the risk of the cereal lodging. Increased yields Le A 21 757 can thus be achieved by applying the active compound com-binations according to the invention.
The stated growth-inhibiting effect of the active compound combinations according to the invention can also 5 advantageously be utilised in the inhibition of the ~rowth of grass. Thus, for example, the frequency with which grass is cut in ornamental gardens, parks and sports fields, on golf courses and airfields or on street verges can be reduced.
An inhibition of the growth of ornamental shrubs is desirable ;f the plants are to dispLay compressed, strong growth.
In the present case, cereals are to be understood as all the customary varieties of cereals. These include, 15 preferably, oats, rye, barley, wheat and rice.
The active compound combinations can be converted into the customary formulations, such as solutions, emul-sions, suspensions, powders and granules.
These formulations are produced in a known manner, 20 for example by mixing the active compounds with extenders, that is, liquid solvents and/or solid carriers, option-ally with the use of surface active agents, that is, emulsifying agents and/or dispersing agents. In the case of the use of water as an extender, organic solvents can, -25 for example, also be used as auxiliary solvents. Asliquid solvents, there are suitable in the main: aromatics, such as xylene, toluene or alkyl naphthalenes, chlorin-ated aromatics or chlorinated aliphatic hydrocarbons, such as chlorobenzenes, chloroethylenes or methylene 30 chloride, aliphatic hydrocarbons, such as cyclohexane or paraffins, for example mineral oil fractions, alcohols, such as butanol or glycol as ~ell as their ethers and esters, ketones, such as acetone, methyl ethyl ketone, methyl isobutyl ketone or cyclohexanone, strongly polar 35 solvents, such as dimethylformamide and dimethylsulphox-ide, as weLl as water.
Le A 21 757 ~ ~t3~ 3 As solid carriers there are suitable: for example ground natural minerals, such as kaol;ns, clays, talc, chalk, quartz, attapulgite, montmorillonite or diatoma-ceous earth, and ground synthetic minerals, such as 5 highly-dispersed silicic acid, alumina and silicates; as solid carriers for granules there are suitable: for ex-ample crushed and fractionated natural rocks such as cal-cite, marble, pumice, sepiolite and dolomite, as well as synthetic granules of inorganic and organic meals, and 10 granules of organic material such as sawdust, coconut shells, maize cobs and tobacco stalks; as emuls;fying agents there are suitable: for example non-ionic and anionic emulsifiers, such as polyoxyethylene-fatty acid esters, polyoxyethylene-fatty alcohol ethers, for example 15 alkylaryl polyglycol ethers, alkylsulphonates, alkyl-sulphates, arylsulphonates as well as albumin hydrolys-ation products; as dispersing agents there are suitable:
for example ligninsulphite waste liquors and methyl-cellulose.
Adhesives such as carboxymethylcellulose, lignin sulphonates and natural and synthetic polymers in the form of powders, granules or latices, such as gum arabic, polyvinyl alcohol, polyvinyl acetate and polyvinylpyrrol-idone, can be used in the formulations.
It is possible to use colorants such as inorganic pigments, for example iron oxide, titanium oxide and Prussian Blue, and organic dyestuffs, such as alizarin, azo and metal phthalocyanine dyestuf~s.
The formulations in general contain between 0.1 30 and 95 per cent by weight of active compounds, pre-ferably between 0.5 and 90%.
The active compound combinations according to the invention can be in the formulations as mixtures with other known active compounds, such as fungicides, insecti-35 cides, acaricides and herbicides.
The active compound combinations can be used asLe A 21 757 ~ ~9~;7~3 such, in the form of their formulations or in the use forms prepared therefrom~ such as ready-to-use solutions, emulsifiable concentrates~ emulsions, suspensions, wett-able powders, soluble powders and granules.
The are used in the customary manner, for example by water;ng, spraying~ atomising, scattering and the like.
The active compound concentrations can be varied w;th;n a substantial range. In general, 10 to 800 kg of active compounds (growth inh;bitors and fertilisers), pre-10 ferably 50 to 500 kg of active compounds, are used per hectare of soil surface.
As regards the time of application, the rule is that the active compound combinations are applied within a preferred period of time~ the exact definition of which 15 depends on the climatic and vegetative circumstances.
The good plant growth-inhibiting action of the active compound combinations according to the invention can be seen from the examples which follow.
Formulation Examples 20 Example 1 To prepare a wettable powder, 70 parts by weight of active compound of the formula OH
( CH 3 ) 3 C -CH -C - CH -C~
~IN ( I I -2 ) 2 parts by weight of a surface-active agent (wetting 25 agent), 3 parts by weight of a dispersing agent based on lignin-sulphonate, 5 parts by weight of a condensation product of cyclohexanone, formaldehyde and sodium bisul-phite, 5 parts by weight of highly disperse silicic acid and 15 parts by weight of kaolin (filler) are intensively 30 mixed in a mixer and the mixture is then finely ground in an air-jet mill.
Le A 21 757 ~L~9~ 3 -- lo --Example 2 To preoare granules, 5 parts by weight of active compound of the formula (CH3)3C-CH-C=CH ~ (II-2), N
~ l N--5 93.8 parts by weight of crotonylidene-diurea fertiliser ("Floranid") and 1.2 parts by weight of polyvinyl alcohol ~adhesive) are used.
In detail, the granules are prepared by a process in which the fertiliser content is first introduced into 10 a m;xer w;thout grinding elements, and an aqueous poly-v;nyl alcohol solution conta;ning the abovement;oned amount of polyvinyl alcohol adhesive is sprayed on during the mixing operat;on. After the polyvinyl alcohol solu-tion has been uniformly distributed onto the surface of 15 the fertiliser, 7.14 parts by weight of wettable powder according to Example 1 (content of act;ve compound of the formula (II-2): 5 parts by weight) are introduced into the mixer. After a mixing time of 15 minutes, the granules are dried at a temperature of 60C, while the 20 mixer is running. Abrasion-resistant granules which release the active compounds when used in the presence of water are formed.
Example 3 To prepare granules, 3 parts by weight of active 25 compound of the formula (CH3)3C-CH-C=CH ~ (I I-2), N
Le A 21 757 ~g~ 3 96.1 parts by we;ght of "Nitrophoska Blau" (NPK fert;l-iser which contains 12 % of N (in the form of ammonium salts and nitrates), 12 % of P205 (in the form of calcium phosphates and ammonium phosphates), 17 ~ of K20 5 (in the form of potassium chloride and potassium sulphate), 2 ~ of MgO, 0.1 % of Mn and 0.02 % of Zn) and 0.9 parts by weight of polyvinyl acetate are used.
In detail, the granules are prepared by a pro-cedure in which the fert;l;ser content ;s -f;rst ;ntro-10 duced ;nto a m;xer without grinding elements, and anaqueous polyv;nyl acetate adhes;ve solut;on conta;n;ng the abovement;oned amount of polyv;nyl acetate adhesive ;s sprayed on dur;ng the m;xing operation. When the adhesive has been uniformly distributed onto the surface 15 of the fertiliser, 4.29 parts by weight of wettable powder according to Example 1 (content of active compound of the formula (II-2): 3 parts by weight) are added to the m;xer. After a m;x;ng time of 15 m;nutes, the granules are dried at a temperature of 60C,-while the m;xer is 20 running. Abrasive-resistant granules with a relatively stable covering layer are formed. The granules gradually release the active compounds when used in the presence of water.
Le A 21 757 7~3 Example A
Inhibition of growth of grass (lawns)/open-air Plots of lawn, in each case 10 m2 in size, on which the growth height of the grass (mixture: Berliner Tiergarten) is 4 cm 3 days after cut~ing, are a) treated neither with a growth-inhibiting active com-pound nor w;th a fert;liser, b) sprayed with in each case the desired amount of active compound preparation which contains the growth-inhibiting active compound of the formula (II-2) in a concentration of 0.3 per cent by weight and which is prepared by mixing the required amount of wettable powder according to Example 1 with water~
c) sprinkled with in each case the desired amount of crotonylidene-diurea fert;liser ("Floranid"), d) first sprinkled with in each case the desired amount of crotonylidene-diurea fertiliser and then sprayed with in each case the desired amount of active compound pre-paration described under b), and e) sprinkled with in each case the desired amount of granules according to Example 2.
After the treatments, the areas of lawn are watered with water in an amount of 10 mm. The additional growth is measured on all the plots at various intervals of time~
The active compounds, amounts of active compound and experimental results can be seen from the following table.
Le A 21 757 ~ Table A
~D
9 Inhibition of clrowth of grass (lawns~/open-air r~J
Active compound Amount of .~dditional growtl1 in cm ;.f-tcr or active com- . active com-pollnd ccr.lbin.. tion pour.c' applied 15 32 52 59 days 3,0 4,0 5,0 6,0 ( Control) (II-2) 1,5 kg/ha 1,S 2,0 5,0 6,0 w Floranid 30 g/m2 4,0 9,6 17,0 18,0 fertiliser Floranid 30 g/m2 3,0 5,0 14,0 14,0 r~
ferti~iser*
(II-2) 1,5 kg/ha Floranid 30 g/m2 2,G 4,0 10,0 1i,0 fertiliser**
~II-2) 1,5 kg/ha *) = separate application of the components, as described under (d) **) = joint application of the components, as described under (e) 6 ~'3~
Example B
Inhibition of growth of grass (lawns)/open-air Plots of lawn~ in each case 10 m2 in size, on which the growth height of the grass (mixture: Berliner T;ergarten) ;s 4 cm 3 days after cutt;ng, are a) treated ne;ther w;th a growth-;nh;b;t;ng active com-pound nor w;th a fertiliser, b) sprayed with in each case the desired amount of active compound preparation wh;ch contains the growth-inhibiting active compound of the formula (II-2~ in a concentration of 0.3 per cent by weight and which is prepared by mixing the required amount of wettable powder according to Example 1 with water, c) sprinkled with in each case the desired amount of "Nitrophoska Blau" fertiliser (compare Example 3), d) first sprinkled with in each case the desired amount of "Nitrophoska Blau" fertiliser and then sprayed with in each case the desired amount of active compound prepar-ation described under b), and e) sprinkled with in each case the desired amount of granules according to Example 3.
After the treatments, the areas of lawn are watered with water in an amount of 10 mm. The additional growth is measured on all the plots at various intervals of time.
The active compounds, amounts of active compound and experimental results can be seen from the following table.
Le A 21 757 TabLe B
Inhibition of .~ro~.~t~,_ùf ~,rass (la~ s)!opc~ ir Active compou!l~ or ;~.moul1i cf ;.c~ivc Additional growth in CM aftcr u, Jcti~Jc cGI,lrJc n~ compound ap;;licd 15 32 52 S9days CC,.~'? ina.ic:.
_ _ 3,0 4,0 5,0 6,0 (Control2 ~ 2) 1,5 kg/ha 1,6 2,0 5,0 6,0 "Nitrophoska Blau" 30 g /m2 3,6 7,0 13,0 13,2 IJ v.
u Nitrophoska Blau* 30 g /m2 2, 2 4,4 9,4 10,0 G3 +
lII-2j 1,5 kg/ha Nitrophoska Blau** 30 g /m2 2,0 2,4 6,0 7,0 (II-2~ 1,5 kg/ha *) = scpar~tc appli cation of th~ cor:;poncnts~ a5 descril;cd un~cr (d~
*~) = joint application of the components, as described under (e)
The action of these substances is good, but in some cases the inhibiting action starts relatively late.
Numerous fertilizers for supplying plants with micro-and macro-nutrients, in particular with nitrogen, are also known.
If relatively large amounts of such fertilisers are applied to the plants or their environment, a relatively large amount of the nutrients required for healthy growth is available to the~plants.
However, the disadvantage is that over-fertilisation, which causes damage to the plants, may occur, especially if a high dose of fertilisers having a rapid action is applied. Very vigorous vegetative growth also frequently occurs, which is undesirable, for example, in the case of ornamental lawns.
7~3~
It has now been found that the new active compound combinations of A) an azole of the formula OE~
(CH3)3C - CH - C = CH - ~ (II-2) N
and B) a Eertiliser are particularly suitable for inhibiting plant growth.
Surprisingly, the active compound combinations according to the invention already exert a plant growth-inhibiting action at a substantially earlier time than the corresponding growth inhibit-ors and fertilisers when these are applied separately. Moreover, the plants display a significantly better tolerance towards the active compound combinations according to the invention than towards the individual components. Thus, there is not only a supplementary action, but also an effect which cannot be predicted.
A larger amount of nutrients, especially nitrogen, can be supplied to the plants with the aid of the active compound combin-ations according to the invention than with separate application of fertiliser, and in particular without the plants being damaged by over-Eertilisation. It is also advantageous that excessive veget-a-tive plant growth, which is frequently undesirable, does not occur when the active compound combinations according to the invention are used, in spite of the relatively high dose of fertiliser. The ti~7~3 plants are distinguished by healthy, strong growth and by an intense dark-green coloration. In the case of ornamental lawns, a signif-icantly denser turf is achieved than when the individual components are applied separately.
The growth inhibitor contained in the acti~e compound combinations according to khe invention is defined by the formula (II-2).
The active compound combinations according to the invent-ion may contain, as fertilisers, all the customary substances or subs-tance mixtures suîtable for supplying plants with macro- and/or micro-nutrients. Preferred substances are: phosphate fertilisers, such as superphosphate (primary calciu~ phosphate and gypsum), double superphosphate (primary calcium phosphate) and Rhenania phosphate (calcium/sodium phosphate and calcium silicate); Thomas * *
meal , phosphorite, Leuna-phos (mixture of ammonium sulphate and di-ammonium phosphate), Nitrophoska (mixture of ammonium sulphate or chloride, diammonium phosphate and potassium nitrate) and Hakaphos (mixture of urea, potassium nitrate and diammonium phosphate); nitrogen fertilisers, such as ammonium sulphate, calcium cyanamide, and its components, such as dicyandiamide, potassium nitrate, ammonium nitrate, urea and urea/formaldehyde condensates, examples which may be mentioned being ureaform, isobutylidene-diurea and crotonylidene-diurea (Floranid ); rapid-action complete Eertilisers, such as garden fertilisers which contain, for example, 12% of N, 12% of P2O5, 17% of K2O, 2% of MgO, 0.1% of B, 0.1% of Mn and 0.02% of Zn, or special fertilisers suitable for flowers and Trademark ornamental plants and containing, for example, 16% of N (urea and ammonium nitrogen), 8~ of P2O5, 16~ of K2O, 1% of MgO, 0.1% of B, 0.04% of Cu, 0.1% of Mn and 0.02% of Zn; slow-acting complete fertilisers based on urea/ormaldehyde or other urea/aldehyde condensates, such as lawn fertilisers which have a long-term action and which contain, or example 20% of N (as a urea/
formaldehyde or urea/isobutyraldehyde condensate), 5% of P2O5, 8% of K2O, 2~ of MgO, 0.4% o Fe, 0.1% of Mn and 0.02% o Zn, or which contain, for example, 27% of N, 7% of P2O5, 7% of K2O
~ ~6~ 3 and 1 % of MgO, or which contain, for example, 34 % of N, 5 % of P205 and 5 % of K20, and furthermore depot lawn fertilisers which have a metering encapsulation and contain, for example, 20 % of N, 5 ~ of PzO5, 5 % of 5 K20 and 1 % of MgO, and also long-term fertilisers which have a meter;ng membrane of resin;fied vegetable oils, the fertilisers containing, for example, 15 % of N~
12 % of P205 and 15 % of K20 or, for example~ 16 %
of N, 10 % of P205 and 13 % of KzO, and moreover 10 long-term fertilisers containing, for example, 20.5 % of N (15 % as crotonylidene-diurea, 2.3 % as urea~ 0.4 % as an ammonium salt and 2.8 % as nitrate~, 10 % of P205 ~2 % as monoammonium phosphate and ~ % as potassium magnesium phosphate), 15 % of K20 (9.8 % as potassium 15 nitrate and 5.2 % as potassium magnesium phosphate), 6 %
of MgO (1.4 % as magnesite and 4.6 % as potassium magnes-ium phosphate), 0.05 % of Fe, 0.025 % of B, 0.1 ~ of Mn, 0.04 % of Cu and 0.05 % of ~o, and, finally, nitrogen depot fertilisers containing, for example, 15 % of N (6 %
20 thereof as isobutylidene-diurea)~ 9 % of P20~, 15 %
of K20, 2 % of MgO, 0.3 % of Fe, 0.1 % of Mn and 0.02 %
of Zn; sLow-action complete fertilisers based on organic materials (humus fertilisers)~ such as lawn fertilisers containing, for example, 10 % of N, 3 % of P205, 5 %
25 of K20, 2 X of MgO and 0.4 % of Fe, or lawn fertilisers which are based on peat and contain, for example, 8 % of N, 2 % of P205 and 3 % of K20, or lawn fertilisers which are based on horn meal, horn semolina, bone meal or blood meal, and contain, for example, 6-7 % of ~, 30 2-3 X of P205 and about 1 % of KzO, and also organic/mineral NPK fer~ilisers containing, for example, , % of P205, 10 % of K20 and 1.5 % of MgO;
and liquid fertilisers, such as leaf fertilisers w;th read;ly soluble nutrient contents and containing, for 35 example, 11 % of N, 8 % of P20s, 6 % of K20, 0~019 %
of Fe, 0.016 % of Mn, 0.011 % of ~, 0.008 % of Cu, 0.006 %
Le A 21 757 67~3 of Zn and 0.001 % of Mo, or crystal suspension fertilisers containing, for example, 6 % of N (as carbamide and nitrate), 10 % of P205 (in the form of polyphosphates) and 16 % of K20.
The fertilisers in the active compound combin-ations according to the invention may contain all macro-nutrients and micronutrients important for plant nutrition.
Macronu~rient elements which may be mentioned are nitro-gen, phosphorus, potassium, calcium, magnesium and sul-10 phur. Micronutrient elements which may be mentioned are iron, manganese, ~inc, copper, boron, molybdenum, sodium, cobalt, silicon, aluminium, vanadium, nickel and titaniuM.
The growth~inhibition effect manifests itself particularly clearly when the active compounds of groups 15 A and B are present in the active compound combinations according to the invention in certain ratios. However, the weight ratios of growth inhibitor to fertilisers in the active compound combinations according to the inven-tion can be varied within relatively substantial ranges.
20 In general, 2 to 1,500 parts by weight, preferably 5 to 1,000 parts by weight, of a fertiliser listed under B) is present per 1 part by weight of growth inhibitor of the formula II-2 mentioned under A) .
The active compound combinations according to the 25 invention exhibit a powerful plant growth inhib;ting activity They can preferably be used for inhibiting the -growth of ornamental shrubs, including hedges, cereals, including rice, and also grass.
Inhibition of the longitudinal growth is important 30 in the case of cereals, because breaking of the stalks ("lodging") of the cereal is thereby largely avoided, even under adverse weather conditions. By using the active compound combinations according to the invention, it is also possible to achieve fertilisation with rela-35 tively large amounts of nitrogen fertiliser withoutrunning the risk of the cereal lodging. Increased yields Le A 21 757 can thus be achieved by applying the active compound com-binations according to the invention.
The stated growth-inhibiting effect of the active compound combinations according to the invention can also 5 advantageously be utilised in the inhibition of the ~rowth of grass. Thus, for example, the frequency with which grass is cut in ornamental gardens, parks and sports fields, on golf courses and airfields or on street verges can be reduced.
An inhibition of the growth of ornamental shrubs is desirable ;f the plants are to dispLay compressed, strong growth.
In the present case, cereals are to be understood as all the customary varieties of cereals. These include, 15 preferably, oats, rye, barley, wheat and rice.
The active compound combinations can be converted into the customary formulations, such as solutions, emul-sions, suspensions, powders and granules.
These formulations are produced in a known manner, 20 for example by mixing the active compounds with extenders, that is, liquid solvents and/or solid carriers, option-ally with the use of surface active agents, that is, emulsifying agents and/or dispersing agents. In the case of the use of water as an extender, organic solvents can, -25 for example, also be used as auxiliary solvents. Asliquid solvents, there are suitable in the main: aromatics, such as xylene, toluene or alkyl naphthalenes, chlorin-ated aromatics or chlorinated aliphatic hydrocarbons, such as chlorobenzenes, chloroethylenes or methylene 30 chloride, aliphatic hydrocarbons, such as cyclohexane or paraffins, for example mineral oil fractions, alcohols, such as butanol or glycol as ~ell as their ethers and esters, ketones, such as acetone, methyl ethyl ketone, methyl isobutyl ketone or cyclohexanone, strongly polar 35 solvents, such as dimethylformamide and dimethylsulphox-ide, as weLl as water.
Le A 21 757 ~ ~t3~ 3 As solid carriers there are suitable: for example ground natural minerals, such as kaol;ns, clays, talc, chalk, quartz, attapulgite, montmorillonite or diatoma-ceous earth, and ground synthetic minerals, such as 5 highly-dispersed silicic acid, alumina and silicates; as solid carriers for granules there are suitable: for ex-ample crushed and fractionated natural rocks such as cal-cite, marble, pumice, sepiolite and dolomite, as well as synthetic granules of inorganic and organic meals, and 10 granules of organic material such as sawdust, coconut shells, maize cobs and tobacco stalks; as emuls;fying agents there are suitable: for example non-ionic and anionic emulsifiers, such as polyoxyethylene-fatty acid esters, polyoxyethylene-fatty alcohol ethers, for example 15 alkylaryl polyglycol ethers, alkylsulphonates, alkyl-sulphates, arylsulphonates as well as albumin hydrolys-ation products; as dispersing agents there are suitable:
for example ligninsulphite waste liquors and methyl-cellulose.
Adhesives such as carboxymethylcellulose, lignin sulphonates and natural and synthetic polymers in the form of powders, granules or latices, such as gum arabic, polyvinyl alcohol, polyvinyl acetate and polyvinylpyrrol-idone, can be used in the formulations.
It is possible to use colorants such as inorganic pigments, for example iron oxide, titanium oxide and Prussian Blue, and organic dyestuffs, such as alizarin, azo and metal phthalocyanine dyestuf~s.
The formulations in general contain between 0.1 30 and 95 per cent by weight of active compounds, pre-ferably between 0.5 and 90%.
The active compound combinations according to the invention can be in the formulations as mixtures with other known active compounds, such as fungicides, insecti-35 cides, acaricides and herbicides.
The active compound combinations can be used asLe A 21 757 ~ ~9~;7~3 such, in the form of their formulations or in the use forms prepared therefrom~ such as ready-to-use solutions, emulsifiable concentrates~ emulsions, suspensions, wett-able powders, soluble powders and granules.
The are used in the customary manner, for example by water;ng, spraying~ atomising, scattering and the like.
The active compound concentrations can be varied w;th;n a substantial range. In general, 10 to 800 kg of active compounds (growth inh;bitors and fertilisers), pre-10 ferably 50 to 500 kg of active compounds, are used per hectare of soil surface.
As regards the time of application, the rule is that the active compound combinations are applied within a preferred period of time~ the exact definition of which 15 depends on the climatic and vegetative circumstances.
The good plant growth-inhibiting action of the active compound combinations according to the invention can be seen from the examples which follow.
Formulation Examples 20 Example 1 To prepare a wettable powder, 70 parts by weight of active compound of the formula OH
( CH 3 ) 3 C -CH -C - CH -C~
~IN ( I I -2 ) 2 parts by weight of a surface-active agent (wetting 25 agent), 3 parts by weight of a dispersing agent based on lignin-sulphonate, 5 parts by weight of a condensation product of cyclohexanone, formaldehyde and sodium bisul-phite, 5 parts by weight of highly disperse silicic acid and 15 parts by weight of kaolin (filler) are intensively 30 mixed in a mixer and the mixture is then finely ground in an air-jet mill.
Le A 21 757 ~L~9~ 3 -- lo --Example 2 To preoare granules, 5 parts by weight of active compound of the formula (CH3)3C-CH-C=CH ~ (II-2), N
~ l N--5 93.8 parts by weight of crotonylidene-diurea fertiliser ("Floranid") and 1.2 parts by weight of polyvinyl alcohol ~adhesive) are used.
In detail, the granules are prepared by a process in which the fertiliser content is first introduced into 10 a m;xer w;thout grinding elements, and an aqueous poly-v;nyl alcohol solution conta;ning the abovement;oned amount of polyvinyl alcohol adhesive is sprayed on during the mixing operat;on. After the polyvinyl alcohol solu-tion has been uniformly distributed onto the surface of 15 the fertiliser, 7.14 parts by weight of wettable powder according to Example 1 (content of act;ve compound of the formula (II-2): 5 parts by weight) are introduced into the mixer. After a mixing time of 15 minutes, the granules are dried at a temperature of 60C, while the 20 mixer is running. Abrasion-resistant granules which release the active compounds when used in the presence of water are formed.
Example 3 To prepare granules, 3 parts by weight of active 25 compound of the formula (CH3)3C-CH-C=CH ~ (I I-2), N
Le A 21 757 ~g~ 3 96.1 parts by we;ght of "Nitrophoska Blau" (NPK fert;l-iser which contains 12 % of N (in the form of ammonium salts and nitrates), 12 % of P205 (in the form of calcium phosphates and ammonium phosphates), 17 ~ of K20 5 (in the form of potassium chloride and potassium sulphate), 2 ~ of MgO, 0.1 % of Mn and 0.02 % of Zn) and 0.9 parts by weight of polyvinyl acetate are used.
In detail, the granules are prepared by a pro-cedure in which the fert;l;ser content ;s -f;rst ;ntro-10 duced ;nto a m;xer without grinding elements, and anaqueous polyv;nyl acetate adhes;ve solut;on conta;n;ng the abovement;oned amount of polyv;nyl acetate adhesive ;s sprayed on dur;ng the m;xing operation. When the adhesive has been uniformly distributed onto the surface 15 of the fertiliser, 4.29 parts by weight of wettable powder according to Example 1 (content of active compound of the formula (II-2): 3 parts by weight) are added to the m;xer. After a m;x;ng time of 15 m;nutes, the granules are dried at a temperature of 60C,-while the m;xer is 20 running. Abrasive-resistant granules with a relatively stable covering layer are formed. The granules gradually release the active compounds when used in the presence of water.
Le A 21 757 7~3 Example A
Inhibition of growth of grass (lawns)/open-air Plots of lawn, in each case 10 m2 in size, on which the growth height of the grass (mixture: Berliner Tiergarten) is 4 cm 3 days after cut~ing, are a) treated neither with a growth-inhibiting active com-pound nor w;th a fert;liser, b) sprayed with in each case the desired amount of active compound preparation which contains the growth-inhibiting active compound of the formula (II-2) in a concentration of 0.3 per cent by weight and which is prepared by mixing the required amount of wettable powder according to Example 1 with water~
c) sprinkled with in each case the desired amount of crotonylidene-diurea fert;liser ("Floranid"), d) first sprinkled with in each case the desired amount of crotonylidene-diurea fertiliser and then sprayed with in each case the desired amount of active compound pre-paration described under b), and e) sprinkled with in each case the desired amount of granules according to Example 2.
After the treatments, the areas of lawn are watered with water in an amount of 10 mm. The additional growth is measured on all the plots at various intervals of time~
The active compounds, amounts of active compound and experimental results can be seen from the following table.
Le A 21 757 ~ Table A
~D
9 Inhibition of clrowth of grass (lawns~/open-air r~J
Active compound Amount of .~dditional growtl1 in cm ;.f-tcr or active com- . active com-pollnd ccr.lbin.. tion pour.c' applied 15 32 52 59 days 3,0 4,0 5,0 6,0 ( Control) (II-2) 1,5 kg/ha 1,S 2,0 5,0 6,0 w Floranid 30 g/m2 4,0 9,6 17,0 18,0 fertiliser Floranid 30 g/m2 3,0 5,0 14,0 14,0 r~
ferti~iser*
(II-2) 1,5 kg/ha Floranid 30 g/m2 2,G 4,0 10,0 1i,0 fertiliser**
~II-2) 1,5 kg/ha *) = separate application of the components, as described under (d) **) = joint application of the components, as described under (e) 6 ~'3~
Example B
Inhibition of growth of grass (lawns)/open-air Plots of lawn~ in each case 10 m2 in size, on which the growth height of the grass (mixture: Berliner T;ergarten) ;s 4 cm 3 days after cutt;ng, are a) treated ne;ther w;th a growth-;nh;b;t;ng active com-pound nor w;th a fertiliser, b) sprayed with in each case the desired amount of active compound preparation wh;ch contains the growth-inhibiting active compound of the formula (II-2~ in a concentration of 0.3 per cent by weight and which is prepared by mixing the required amount of wettable powder according to Example 1 with water, c) sprinkled with in each case the desired amount of "Nitrophoska Blau" fertiliser (compare Example 3), d) first sprinkled with in each case the desired amount of "Nitrophoska Blau" fertiliser and then sprayed with in each case the desired amount of active compound prepar-ation described under b), and e) sprinkled with in each case the desired amount of granules according to Example 3.
After the treatments, the areas of lawn are watered with water in an amount of 10 mm. The additional growth is measured on all the plots at various intervals of time.
The active compounds, amounts of active compound and experimental results can be seen from the following table.
Le A 21 757 TabLe B
Inhibition of .~ro~.~t~,_ùf ~,rass (la~ s)!opc~ ir Active compou!l~ or ;~.moul1i cf ;.c~ivc Additional growth in CM aftcr u, Jcti~Jc cGI,lrJc n~ compound ap;;licd 15 32 52 S9days CC,.~'? ina.ic:.
_ _ 3,0 4,0 5,0 6,0 (Control2 ~ 2) 1,5 kg/ha 1,6 2,0 5,0 6,0 "Nitrophoska Blau" 30 g /m2 3,6 7,0 13,0 13,2 IJ v.
u Nitrophoska Blau* 30 g /m2 2, 2 4,4 9,4 10,0 G3 +
lII-2j 1,5 kg/ha Nitrophoska Blau** 30 g /m2 2,0 2,4 6,0 7,0 (II-2~ 1,5 kg/ha *) = scpar~tc appli cation of th~ cor:;poncnts~ a5 descril;cd un~cr (d~
*~) = joint application of the components, as described under (e)
Claims (6)
PROPERTY OR PRIVILEGE IS CLAIMED ARE DEFINED AS FOLLOWS:
1. A plant growth-inhibiting composition comprising a plant growth-inhibiting effective amount of A) an azole of the formula (II-2) and B) a fertilizer.
2. A plant growth-inhibiting composition as claimed in claim 1, wherein (A) and (B) are present in a ratio in parts by weight of from 1:2 to 1:1,500.
3. A plant growth-inhibiting composition as claimed in claim 1, wherein (A) and (B) are present in a ratio in parts by weight of from 1:5 to 1:1,100.
4. A method of inhibiting plant growth which comprises applying to the plants, or to a habitat thereof, a plant growth-inhibiting amount of a composition as claimed in claim 1.
5. A method as claimed in claim 4, wherein the composition is applied to an area of agriculture in an amount of from 10 to 800 kg per hectare.
6. A method as claimed in claim 4, wherein (A) of the composition is an active ingredient of the formula (II-2)
Applications Claiming Priority (2)
| Application Number | Priority Date | Filing Date | Title |
|---|---|---|---|
| DEP3221700.5 | 1982-06-09 | ||
| DE19823221700 DE3221700A1 (en) | 1982-06-09 | 1982-06-09 | PLANT GROWTH INHIBITING AGENTS |
Publications (1)
| Publication Number | Publication Date |
|---|---|
| CA1196793A true CA1196793A (en) | 1985-11-19 |
Family
ID=6165669
Family Applications (1)
| Application Number | Title | Priority Date | Filing Date |
|---|---|---|---|
| CA000429847A Expired CA1196793A (en) | 1982-06-09 | 1983-06-07 | Plant growth-inhibiting agents |
Country Status (11)
| Country | Link |
|---|---|
| EP (1) | EP0096787B1 (en) |
| JP (1) | JPS595101A (en) |
| AT (1) | ATE17637T1 (en) |
| AU (1) | AU559694B2 (en) |
| BR (1) | BR8303050A (en) |
| CA (1) | CA1196793A (en) |
| DE (2) | DE3221700A1 (en) |
| DK (1) | DK261783A (en) |
| IL (1) | IL68892A (en) |
| NZ (1) | NZ204486A (en) |
| ZA (1) | ZA834170B (en) |
Families Citing this family (12)
| Publication number | Priority date | Publication date | Assignee | Title |
|---|---|---|---|---|
| JPS5662121A (en) * | 1979-10-26 | 1981-05-27 | Toray Ind Inc | Poly-p-phenylene sulfide film |
| JPS5662127A (en) * | 1979-10-26 | 1981-05-27 | Toray Ind Inc | Poly-p-phenylene sulfide film |
| US4704160A (en) * | 1984-04-02 | 1987-11-03 | The O. M. Scott & Sons Company | Combination fertilizer composition |
| DE3509823A1 (en) * | 1985-03-19 | 1986-09-25 | Bayer Ag, 5090 Leverkusen | METHOD FOR PRODUCING THE (-) - ANTIPODES OF (E) -1-CYCLOHEXYL-4,4-DIMETHYL-3-HYDROXY-2- (1,2,4-TRIAZOL-1-YL) -PENT-1-ENS |
| JPS62242517A (en) * | 1986-04-14 | 1987-10-23 | Kureha Chem Ind Co Ltd | Biaxially oriented poly-para-phenylene sulfide film |
| JPH0798713B2 (en) * | 1986-05-16 | 1995-10-25 | 住友化学工業株式会社 | Granular fertilizer composition and method for producing the same |
| GB8630263D0 (en) * | 1986-12-18 | 1987-01-28 | Ici Plc | Plant growth regulating device |
| JP2546334B2 (en) * | 1987-05-08 | 1996-10-23 | 住友化学工業株式会社 | How to increase rice sales |
| JPH0822930B2 (en) * | 1987-05-15 | 1996-03-06 | 呉羽化学工業株式会社 | Biaxially stretched polyarylene sulfide resin composition film and method for producing the same |
| JPH0757818B2 (en) * | 1987-11-05 | 1995-06-21 | 呉羽化学工業株式会社 | Slippery film |
| US5286814A (en) * | 1988-06-13 | 1994-02-15 | Kureha Kagaku Kogyo K. K. | Heat-resistant stretched film and production process thereof |
| KR20080095285A (en) * | 2006-02-14 | 2008-10-28 | 바스프 에스이 | A method of using a micronutrient as safener for a triazole for controlling harmful fungi |
Family Cites Families (6)
| Publication number | Priority date | Publication date | Assignee | Title |
|---|---|---|---|---|
| FR1569940A (en) * | 1967-04-27 | 1969-06-06 | ||
| IE43731B1 (en) * | 1975-10-09 | 1981-05-26 | Ici Ltd | A-(1,2,4-triazolyl or imidazolyl)-acetophenones and their use as pesticides |
| GB1595697A (en) * | 1977-08-18 | 1981-08-12 | Ici Ltd | Triazole compound useful as a plant fungicide and growth regulating agent |
| EP0015639A3 (en) * | 1979-02-09 | 1980-10-01 | Imperial Chemical Industries Plc | Enantiomers of triazole compounds, a process for preparing them, their use as plant fungicides and growth regulating agents and compositions containing them |
| EP0015387B1 (en) * | 1979-02-16 | 1983-01-12 | Bayer Ag | 1-vinyltriazole derivatives, process for their preparation and their use as growth regulating agents and fungicides |
| DE2944850A1 (en) * | 1979-11-07 | 1981-05-27 | Bayer Ag, 5090 Leverkusen | AGENTS FOR REGULATING PLANT GROWTH, THEIR PRODUCTION AND THEIR USE |
-
1982
- 1982-06-09 DE DE19823221700 patent/DE3221700A1/en not_active Withdrawn
-
1983
- 1983-05-30 AT AT83105314T patent/ATE17637T1/en not_active IP Right Cessation
- 1983-05-30 DE DE8383105314T patent/DE3361992D1/en not_active Expired
- 1983-05-30 EP EP83105314A patent/EP0096787B1/en not_active Expired
- 1983-06-06 IL IL68892A patent/IL68892A/en unknown
- 1983-06-07 CA CA000429847A patent/CA1196793A/en not_active Expired
- 1983-06-07 AU AU15428/83A patent/AU559694B2/en not_active Ceased
- 1983-06-07 NZ NZ204486A patent/NZ204486A/en unknown
- 1983-06-08 BR BR8303050A patent/BR8303050A/en unknown
- 1983-06-08 DK DK261783A patent/DK261783A/en not_active Application Discontinuation
- 1983-06-08 ZA ZA834170A patent/ZA834170B/en unknown
- 1983-06-08 JP JP58101044A patent/JPS595101A/en active Pending
Also Published As
| Publication number | Publication date |
|---|---|
| NZ204486A (en) | 1985-10-11 |
| AU559694B2 (en) | 1987-03-19 |
| EP0096787B1 (en) | 1986-01-29 |
| DE3361992D1 (en) | 1986-03-13 |
| DK261783D0 (en) | 1983-06-08 |
| EP0096787A1 (en) | 1983-12-28 |
| DE3221700A1 (en) | 1983-12-15 |
| JPS595101A (en) | 1984-01-12 |
| DK261783A (en) | 1983-12-10 |
| ZA834170B (en) | 1984-03-28 |
| IL68892A0 (en) | 1983-10-31 |
| IL68892A (en) | 1986-11-30 |
| ATE17637T1 (en) | 1986-02-15 |
| AU1542883A (en) | 1983-12-15 |
| BR8303050A (en) | 1984-01-31 |
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